CN104022296B - A kind of TiO2@C load P dRu anode catalysts for direct methanol fuel cell and preparation method - Google Patents
A kind of TiO2@C load P dRu anode catalysts for direct methanol fuel cell and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104022296B CN104022296B CN201410188915.XA CN201410188915A CN104022296B CN 104022296 B CN104022296 B CN 104022296B CN 201410188915 A CN201410188915 A CN 201410188915A CN 104022296 B CN104022296 B CN 104022296B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M4/00—Electrodes
- H01M4/86—Inert electrodes with catalytic activity, e.g. for fuel cells
- H01M4/90—Selection of catalytic material
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
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- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
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Abstract
The invention discloses porous hollow TiO2@C load P dRu anode catalysts for direct methanol fuel cell and preparation method, product is by porous hollow TiO2@C carrier forms with PdRu Nanoalloy.The present invention is with the porous hollow TiO of high-ratio surface2@C nano carrier and PdRu Nanoalloy are compounded to form multicomponent catalyst.Compound and the PdRu alloy deposition of C can improve TiO at carrier surface2Electric conductivity, the deposition of the compound and PdRu alloy of C is to TiO2Synergism be greatly improved TiO2Catalytic oxidation performance to methanol, meanwhile, methanol aoxidizes the intermediate products such as the CO of generation and is adsorbed, transfers to composite catalyst surface, and is end product CO by direct deep oxidation2, it addition, TiO2@C nano carrier is stable, is difficult to oxidized.Owing to the price of PdRu is far below precious metals pt, and its consumption is less in the catalyst, therefore can be substantially reduced the cost of catalyst, improve the resisting CO poison ability of catalyst, thus the cost that can be substantially reduced catalyst in DMFC improves the performance of DMFC.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to porous hollow TiO2@C load P dRu anode catalysts for direct methanol fuel cell and preparation method.
Background technology
DMFC (Direct Methanol Fuel Cell, DMFC) have less energy consumption, energy density height, methanol abundance, low price, system are simple, run convenient and low noise advantages, it is considered as future automobile power and the most promising electrochmical power source of other vehicles, causes the extensive concern of people.One of material of DMFC most critical is electrode catalyst, and it directly affects the performance of battery, stability, service life and manufacturing cost.Precious metals pt has the catalytic performance of excellence under cryogenic (less than 80 DEG C), the electrode catalyst of DMFC is all with Pt as main component at present, wherein PtRu catalyst has higher CO tolerance catalysts performance and higher catalysis activity than pure Pt, it it is considered as catalyst optimal for current DMFC, but due to defects such as it are expensive, Ag is readily soluble, the utilization rate in DMFC does not also reach business-like requirement.People have carried out numerous studies and have prepared multiplex catalyst to improve its catalysis activity, raising resisting CO poison ability.It is prepared for PtAgTiO as having been reported thatX/ C and Au/TiO2PtAg catalyst, TiO2It is combined and can reduce the consumption of precious metals pt in catalyst, improve catalytic performance and resisting CO poison ability, but in these catalyst, the consumption of precious metals pt is the highest, and catalyst is with C as carrier, C carrier is oxidizable in actual application, affects the stability of catalyst and the performance of battery.Porous hollow TiO2@C is that carrier is prepared the non-platinum anode catalysts of DMFC and be have not been reported.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide one and can reduce DMFC catalyst cost, improve its stability, methanol is catalyzed activity and the non-platinum anode catalysts of DMFC of resisting CO poison ability and preparation method.
The technical solution of the present invention is:
A kind of porous hollow TiO2@C load P dRu anode catalysts for direct methanol fuel cell, described catalyst is by porous hollow TiO2@C carrier forms with PdRu Nanoalloy, it is characterised in that: porous hollow TiO2Content is catalyst gross mass the 97～99% of@C carrier, porous hollow TiO2Mass ratio m with CTiO2:mCFor 1:1～3:7, content sum is catalyst gross mass the 1～3% of PdRu Nanoalloy, mol ratio n of PdRuPd:nRuFor 7:3,1:1, or 3:7；
Wherein, described porous hollow TiO2The preparation method of@C carrier is as follows:
(1) porous hollow TiO2The preparation of nanosphere: use sol-gel process, the butyl titanate of amount of calculation is dissolved in a certain amount of dehydrated alcohol, add a certain amount of Surfactant PEG-600 and Vulcan XC-72, the mixture of dehydrated alcohol, glacial acetic acid and deionized water is dripped under stirring, stirring is continued after hydrolyzing to form colloidal sol, stand 2-3 days after gel to be formed, after 80 DEG C of vacuum drying 8-10 hour after the powder mull that obtain in Muffle furnace 400-600 DEG C of air roasting 3 hours, prepare porous hollow TiO2Nanosphere；When preparing colloidal sol, butyl titanate, dehydrated alcohol, glacial acetic acid, the consumption mol ratio of deionized water are: nButyl titanate: nDehydrated alcohol: nGlacial acetic acid: nDeionized water=1:20～40:1～2.5:2～6；PEG-600 consumption is butyl titanate, dehydrated alcohol, deionized water and the 1% of glacial acetic acid cumulative volume；The consumption of Vulcan XC-72 is that butyl titanate complete hydrolysis ultimately produces TiO2The 30% of theoretical amount；
(2) porous hollow TiO2The preparation of@C nano carrier: weigh a certain amount of Vulcan XC-72 and join in deionized water, ultrasonic disperse 30 minutes, it is stirred vigorously the porous hollow TiO of lower addition amount of calculation2Nanosphere, forms serosity, continues stirring 1 hour, filters, deionized water wash, 80 DEG C of vacuum drying, prepares porous hollow TiO2@C nano carrier；Wherein porous hollow TiO2Mass ratio m with CTiO2:mCFor 1:1～3:7.
The beneficial effects of the present invention is: the present invention is with the porous hollow TiO of high-ratio surface2@C nano carrier and PdRu Nanoalloy are compounded to form multicomponent catalyst.Compound and the PdRu alloy deposition of C can improve TiO at carrier surface2Electric conductivity, the compound and PdRu alloy deposition of C is to TiO2Synergism be greatly improved TiO2Catalytic oxidation performance to methanol, meanwhile, methanol aoxidizes the intermediate products such as the CO of generation and is adsorbed, transfers to composite catalyst surface, and is end product CO by direct deep oxidation2, it addition, TiO2@C nano carrier is stable, is difficult to oxidized.Owing to the price of PdRu is far below precious metals pt, and its consumption is less in the catalyst, therefore can be substantially reduced the cost of catalyst, improves the stability of catalyst, catalysis activity and resisting CO poison ability.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment 1:
(1) porous hollow TiO2The preparation of nanosphere: use sol-gel process.The butyl titanate of amount of calculation is dissolved in a certain amount of dehydrated alcohol, add a certain amount of Surfactant PEG-600 and Vulcan XC-72, the mixture of dehydrated alcohol, glacial acetic acid and deionized water is dripped under stirring, stirring is continued after hydrolyzing to form colloidal sol, 2 days are stood after gel to be formed, after 80 DEG C of vacuum drying 8 hours after the powder mull that obtain in Muffle furnace 400 DEG C of air roastings 3 hours, prepare porous hollow TiO2Nanosphere.When preparing colloidal sol, butyl titanate, dehydrated alcohol, glacial acetic acid, the consumption mol ratio of deionized water are: nButyl titanate: nDehydrated alcohol: nGlacial acetic acid: nDeionized water=1:20～40:1～2.5:2～6.PEG consumption is butyl titanate, dehydrated alcohol, deionized water and the 1% of glacial acetic acid cumulative volume.The consumption of Vulcan XC-72 is that butyl titanate complete hydrolysis ultimately produces TiO2The 30% of theoretical amount.
(2) porous hollow TiO2The preparation of@C nano carrier: weigh a certain amount of Vulcan XC-72 and join in deionized water, ultrasonic disperse 30 minutes, it is stirred vigorously the porous hollow TiO of lower addition amount of calculation2Nanosphere, forms serosity, continues stirring 1 hour, filters, deionized water wash, 80 DEG C of vacuum drying, prepares porous hollow TiO2@C nano carrier.Wherein porous hollow TiO2Mass ratio m with CTiO2:mCFor 1:1.
(3) by porous hollow TiO2@C nano carrier joins in ethylene glycol in the ratio of 50 mg/ml, and ultrasonic disperse is uniform, forms porous hollow TiO2@C dispersion liquid；
(4) by Pd (NO3)2It is dissolved in ethylene glycol, forms the Pd (NO of 5 milligrams of Pd/ milliliters3)2/ ethylene glycol solution；
(5) by AgNO3It is dissolved in ethylene glycol, forms the AgNO of 2 milligrams of Ru/ milliliters3/ ethylene glycol solution；
(6) by the catalyst W being finally synthesizingPdRu=1%, mol ratio nPd:nRuRatio for 7:3 measures Pd (NO respectively3)2/ ethylene glycol solution and AgNO3/ ethylene glycol solution, is added drop-wise to porous hollow TiO2In@C dispersion liquid, ultrasonic disperse；
(7) NaOH is dissolved in ethylene glycol, is configured to the NaOH ethylene glycol solution that NaOH concentration is 2mol/L；
(8) being added drop-wise in the dispersion liquid that step (6) obtains by the NaOH ethylene glycol solution of preparation, regulation pH value is 8.5；
(9) by KBH4It is dissolved in ethylene glycol and is configured to KBH4Concentration is the KBH of 0.2mol/L4/ ethylene glycol solution；
(10) stirring, inert gas shielding, at 80 DEG C, in the mixing suspension that pH value is 8.5, drip KBH4/ ethylene glycol solution, reacts 2 hours；
(11) filter after completion of the reaction, without chloride ion and sulfate ion in deionized water wash to filter liquor, 80 DEG C of vacuum drying, prepare catalyst.
Embodiment 2:
(1) porous hollow TiO2The preparation of nanosphere: use sol-gel process.The butyl titanate of amount of calculation is dissolved in a certain amount of dehydrated alcohol, add a certain amount of Surfactant PEG-600 and Vulcan XC-72, the mixture of dehydrated alcohol, glacial acetic acid and deionized water is dripped under stirring, stirring is continued after hydrolyzing to form colloidal sol, 3 days are stood after gel to be formed, after 80 DEG C of vacuum drying 9 hours after the powder mull that obtain in Muffle furnace 500 DEG C of air roastings 3 hours, prepare porous hollow TiO2Nanosphere.When preparing colloidal sol, butyl titanate, dehydrated alcohol, glacial acetic acid, the consumption mol ratio of deionized water are: nButyl titanate: nDehydrated alcohol: nGlacial acetic acid: nDeionized water=1:20～40:1～2.5:2～6.PEG consumption is butyl titanate, dehydrated alcohol, deionized water and the 1% of glacial acetic acid cumulative volume.The consumption of Vulcan XC-72 is that butyl titanate complete hydrolysis ultimately produces TiO2The 30% of theoretical amount.
(2) porous hollow TiO2The preparation of@C nano carrier: weigh a certain amount of Vulcan XC-72 and join in deionized water, ultrasonic disperse 30 minutes, it is stirred vigorously the porous hollow TiO of lower addition amount of calculation2Nanosphere, forms serosity, continues stirring 1 hour, filters, deionized water wash, 80 DEG C of vacuum drying, prepares porous hollow TiO2@C nano carrier.Wherein porous hollow TiO2Mass ratio m with CTiO2:mCFor 2:3.
(3) by porous hollow TiO2@C nano carrier joins in ethylene glycol in the ratio of 80 mg/ml, and ultrasonic disperse is uniform, forms porous hollow TiO2@C dispersion liquid；
(4) by Pd (NO3)2It is dissolved in ethylene glycol, forms the Pd (NO of 8 milligrams of Pd/ milliliters3)2/ ethylene glycol solution；
(5) by AgNO3It is dissolved in ethylene glycol, forms the AgNO of 3 milligrams of Ru/ milliliters3/ ethylene glycol solution；
(6) by the catalyst W being finally synthesizingPdRu=2%, mol ratio nPd:nRuRatio for 1:1 measures Pd (NO respectively3)2/ ethylene glycol solution and AgNO3/ ethylene glycol solution, is added drop-wise to porous hollow TiO2In@C dispersion liquid, ultrasonic disperse；
(7) NaOH is dissolved in ethylene glycol, is configured to the NaOH ethylene glycol solution that NaOH concentration is 2mol/L；
(8) being added drop-wise in the dispersion liquid that step (6) obtains by the NaOH ethylene glycol solution of preparation, regulation pH value is 10；
(9) by KBH4It is dissolved in ethylene glycol and is configured to KBH4Concentration is the KBH of 0.4mol/L4/ ethylene glycol solution；
(10) stirring, inert gas shielding, at 80 DEG C, in the mixing suspension that pH value is 10, drip KBH4/ ethylene glycol solution, reacts 2 hours；
(11) filter after completion of the reaction, without chloride ion and sulfate ion in deionized water wash to filter liquor, 100 DEG C of vacuum drying, prepare catalyst.
Embodiment 3:
(1) porous hollow TiO2The preparation of nanosphere: use sol-gel process.The butyl titanate of amount of calculation is dissolved in a certain amount of dehydrated alcohol, add a certain amount of Surfactant PEG-600 and Vulcan XC-72, the mixture of dehydrated alcohol, glacial acetic acid and deionized water is dripped under stirring, stirring is continued after hydrolyzing to form colloidal sol, 3 days are stood after gel to be formed, after 80 DEG C of vacuum drying 10 hours after the powder mull that obtain in Muffle furnace 400 DEG C of air roastings 3 hours, prepare porous hollow TiO2Nanosphere.When preparing colloidal sol, butyl titanate, dehydrated alcohol, glacial acetic acid, the consumption mol ratio of deionized water are: nButyl titanate: nDehydrated alcohol: nGlacial acetic acid: nDeionized water=1:20～40:1～2.5:2～6.PEG consumption is butyl titanate, dehydrated alcohol, deionized water and the 1% of glacial acetic acid cumulative volume.The consumption of Vulcan XC-72 is that butyl titanate complete hydrolysis ultimately produces TiO2The 30% of theoretical amount.
(2) porous hollow TiO2The preparation of@C nano carrier: weigh a certain amount of Vulcan XC-72 and join in deionized water, ultrasonic disperse 30 minutes, it is stirred vigorously the porous hollow TiO of lower addition amount of calculation2Nanosphere, forms serosity, continues stirring 1 hour, filters, deionized water wash, 80 DEG C of vacuum drying, prepares porous hollow TiO2@C nano carrier.Wherein porous hollow TiO2Mass ratio m with CTiO2:mCFor 3:7.
(3) by porous hollow TiO2@C nano carrier joins in ethylene glycol in the ratio of 100 mg/ml, and ultrasonic disperse is uniform, forms porous hollow TiO2@C dispersion liquid；
(4) by Pd (NO3)2It is dissolved in ethylene glycol, forms the Pd (NO of 10 milligrams of Pd/ milliliters3)2/ ethylene glycol solution；
(5) by AgNO3It is dissolved in ethylene glycol, forms the AgNO of 4 milligrams of Ru/ milliliters3/ ethylene glycol solution；
(6) by the catalyst W being finally synthesizingPdRu=3%, mol ratio nPd:nRuRatio for 3:7 measures Pd (NO respectively3)2/ ethylene glycol solution and AgNO3/ ethylene glycol solution, is added drop-wise to porous hollow TiO2In@C dispersion liquid, ultrasonic disperse；
(7) NaOH is dissolved in ethylene glycol, is configured to the NaOH ethylene glycol solution that NaOH concentration is 2mol/L；
(8) being added drop-wise in the dispersion liquid that step (6) obtains by the NaOH ethylene glycol solution of preparation, regulation pH value is 12；
(9) by KBH4It is dissolved in ethylene glycol and is configured to KBH4Concentration is the KBH of 0.5mol/L4/ ethylene glycol solution；
(10) stirring, inert gas shielding, at 80 DEG C, in the mixing suspension that pH value is 12, drip KBH4/ ethylene glycol solution, reacts 2 hours；
(11) filter after completion of the reaction, without chloride ion and sulfate ion in deionized water wash to filter liquor, 120 DEG C of vacuum drying, prepare catalyst.
Claims (1)
1. a porous hollow TiO2@C load P dRu anode catalysts for direct methanol fuel cell,
Described catalyst is by porous hollow TiO2@C carrier forms with PdRu Nanoalloy, and its feature exists
In: porous hollow TiO2Content is catalyst gross mass the 97～99% of@C carrier, porous air
Heart TiO2Mass ratio m with CTiO2:mCFor 1:1～3:7, the content sum of PdRu Nanoalloy
For the 1～3% of catalyst gross mass, mol ratio n of PdRuPd:nRuFor 7:3,1:1, or 3:7；
Wherein, described porous hollow TiO2The preparation method of@C carrier is as follows:
(1) porous hollow TiO2The preparation of nanosphere: use sol-gel process, by amount of calculation
Butyl titanate is dissolved in a certain amount of dehydrated alcohol, adds a certain amount of Surfactant PEG-600
With Vulcan XC-72, under stirring, drip the mixture of dehydrated alcohol, glacial acetic acid and deionized water,
Continue stirring after hydrolyzing to form colloidal sol, stand 2-3 days after gel to be formed, 80 DEG C of vacuum drying
After the powder mull obtained after 8-10 hour, in Muffle furnace, 400-600 DEG C of air roasting 3 is little
Time, prepare porous hollow TiO2Nanosphere；Butyl titanate, dehydrated alcohol, ice when preparing colloidal sol
Acetic acid, the consumption mol ratio of deionized water be: nButyl titanate: nDehydrated alcohol: nGlacial acetic acid: nDeionized water
=1:20～40:1～2.5:2～6；PEG-600 consumption be butyl titanate, dehydrated alcohol, deionized water and
The 1% of glacial acetic acid cumulative volume；The consumption of Vulcan XC-72 is that butyl titanate complete hydrolysis is finally given birth to
Become TiO2The 30% of theoretical amount；
(2) porous hollow TiO2The preparation of@C nano carrier: weigh a certain amount of Vulcan
XC-72 joins in deionized water, ultrasonic disperse 30 minutes, is stirred vigorously lower addition amount of calculation
Porous hollow TiO2Nanosphere, forms serosity, continues stirring 1 hour, filters, deionization
Water washs, 80 DEG C of vacuum drying, prepares porous hollow TiO2@C nano carrier；Wherein porous air
Heart TiO2Mass ratio m with CTiO2:mCFor 1:1～3:7.
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101239312A (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2008-08-13 | 南通大学 | Direct methanol fuel cell anode catalyst and preparation |
| CN102544531A (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2012-07-04 | 上海电力学院 | Pd/TiO2/C composite nano-catalyst, and preparation method and application thereof |
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Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101239312A (en) * | 2008-03-07 | 2008-08-13 | 南通大学 | Direct methanol fuel cell anode catalyst and preparation |
| CN102544531A (en) * | 2012-03-05 | 2012-07-04 | 上海电力学院 | Pd/TiO2/C composite nano-catalyst, and preparation method and application thereof |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| PLATINUM ALLOY BIMETALLIC CATALYSTS FOR FUEL CELLS;PATTABIRAMAN;《Bulletin of Electrochemistry》;19991031;第15卷(第9-10期);表3 * |
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