CN104015797A - Gadding car - Google Patents
Gadding car Download PDFInfo
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- CN104015797A CN104015797A CN201410279276.8A CN201410279276A CN104015797A CN 104015797 A CN104015797 A CN 104015797A CN 201410279276 A CN201410279276 A CN 201410279276A CN 104015797 A CN104015797 A CN 104015797A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a gadding car which relates to the field of engineering machinery and aims to solve the problem of single steering mode of the existing gadding cars. The gadding car comprises a front axle independent steering system and a rear axle independent steering system, wherein the front axle independent steering system comprises front wheels and a front wheel steering driving device; the rear axle independent steering system comprises rear wheels and a rear wheel steering driving device; the front wheel steering driving device can be used for driving the front wheels to steer; the rear wheel steering driving device can be used for driving the rear wheels to steer. Both the front wheels and the rear wheels of the gadding car can be steered in multiple steering modes, so as to be suitable for more working conditions.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to engineering machinery field, be specifically related to a kind of wagon drill.
Background technology
Along with economic high speed, rapid growth, oil and natural gas resource consumes in a large number, and future source of energy Shi Ge in short supply state is all by the significant problem facing, and new alternative energy is all being sought energetically by various countries at present.In the recent period, China's appearance policy continuously strengthens exploration, the exploitation of the unconventional novel alternative energys such as coal bed gas, bituminite.But coal bed gas and oil shale recovery environment are comparatively severe, substantially all on hills, desert and area, mountain area, be exclusively used at present coal bed gas, bituminite exploring equipment is less.The vehicle-mounted rig of new exclusive that is applicable to coal bed gas, oil shale recovery is to belong to the sunrise industry that meets national industrial policies.Wagon drill major part is in the market changed a social system and is formed for General Motors chassis, and these car chassiss only have a kind of pattern that turns to, and minimum turning diameter is generally all larger, can not meet the maneuverability requirement of user to vehicle.It is larger that this class wagon drill is affected by orographic factor, and the size of Active workings and planeness are had relatively high expectations, and seriously restricted the performance of passing through of truck-mounted drilling rig, affected the popularization and application of truck-mounted drilling rig.
Application number is to have introduced a kind of vehicle-mounted well rig chassis in 201020623226.4 patent documentation, this patent article a kind of vehicle-mounted well rig chassis, comprise vehicle frame and the driving engine being connected with vehicle frame, driving drive mechanism and rig main drive gear.
Application number is that the technical scheme relating in 201020623226.4 patent documentation is mainly that the driving engine of getting on or off the bus is merged into a driving engine, and the power resources of complete machine are in lower car engine, thereby reaches fuel-economizing, controls cost, the object such as compact in design.
The wagon drill of complete machine configuration separate unit driving engine, driving engine connects Full-power takeoff by change speed gear box, and Full-power takeoff is connected with driving transmission device, rig main drive gear respectively.During driving, Full-power takeoff obtains power transmission to driving transmission device from driving engine.During drilling well work, Full-power takeoff is no longer transferred to driving driving system from driving engine obtains power, but is directly transferred to rig main drive gear, thereby meets the work requirements of getting on the bus.In technique scheme, do not relate to turning to of vehicle.
Referring to Fig. 1, wagon drill is in the market all to adopt general car chassis, its chassis turn to pattern single, generally only have last, two vehicle bridge to turn to, minimum turning diameter is larger, Active workings size and planeness are had relatively high expectations, can not adapt to vehicle at mountain area road traveling and can not pass in and out mine disaster rescue place by fast speed, affect manoevreability and the alerting ability of wagon drill.The standard of taking is bored dark 1500～2000 meters of wagon drills for example, and such vehicle chassis number of axle is generally five axles, for reducing the wearing and tearing that drag of when turning to non-steering tire, generally by turning center design at four shaft positions.Because of the restriction of non-steering tire, so the minimum turning diameter obtaining is larger.Its minimum turning diameter is generally 30 meters of left and right.
Contriver finds, at least has following problems: existing wagon drill turning pattern is single, makes the use occasion of wagon drill limited in prior art.
Summary of the invention
One of them object of the present invention is to propose a kind of wagon drill, in order to solve existing wagon drill, turns to the problem that pattern is single.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides following technical scheme:
The invention provides a kind of wagon drill, comprise propons independent steering system and back axle independent steering system;
Wherein, described propons independent steering system comprises front-wheel and front-wheel steering actuating device, and described back axle independent steering system comprises trailing wheel and rear-axle steering actuating device;
Described front-wheel steering actuating device can drive described front-wheel steering, and described rear-axle steering actuating device can drive described rear-axle steering.
Wagon drill as above, preferably, described front-wheel steering actuating device comprises the first propulsion source, the first actuator and the first executive item;
Described the first propulsion source is connected with the first actuator, and described the first actuator is connected with described the first executive item, and described the first executive item is connected with described front-wheel;
Wherein, described the first propulsion source drives described the first actuator motion, and described the first actuator drives described the first executive item motion, and described the first executive item drives described front-wheel steering.
Wagon drill as above, preferably, described the first actuator comprises the first Hydraulic Pump, bearing circle, deflector and the first hydraulic ram; Described the first executive item comprises the first pitman arm;
Described the first Hydraulic Pump is connected with described deflector, described bearing circle is connected with described deflector, described deflector is connected with described the first hydraulic ram, and the piston rod of described the first hydraulic ram is connected with described the first pitman arm, and described the first pitman arm is connected with described front-wheel.
Wagon drill as above, preferably, described the first propulsion source is the driving engine on wagon drill.
Wagon drill as above, preferably, described rear-axle steering actuating device comprises the second propulsion source, the second actuator and the second executive item;
Described the second propulsion source is connected with the second actuator, and described the second actuator is connected with described the second executive item, and described the second executive item is connected with described trailing wheel;
Wherein, described the second propulsion source drives described the second actuator motion, and described the second actuator drives described the second executive item motion, and described the second executive item drives described rear-axle steering.
Wagon drill as above, preferably, described the second actuator comprises the second Hydraulic Pump, control cock and the second hydraulic ram; Described the second executive item comprises the second pitman arm;
Described the second Hydraulic Pump is connected with described control cock, and described control cock is connected with described the second hydraulic ram, and the piston rod of described the second hydraulic ram is connected with described the second pitman arm, and described the second pitman arm is connected with described trailing wheel;
When described control cock is in different control positioies, the communication direction of the oil circuit between described the second Hydraulic Pump and described the second hydraulic ram is different, and described the second hydraulic ram can be realized and stretches out, keeps or bounce back.
Wagon drill as above, preferably, described control cock is three position four-way directional control valve.
Wagon drill as above, preferably, described the second propulsion source is the driving engine on wagon drill.
Wagon drill as above, preferably, described wagon drill is to have 3 axles or 3 axles with the wagon drill of top bottom-disc.
Based on technique scheme, the embodiment of the present invention at least can produce following technique effect:
The wagon drill that technique scheme provides, has propons independent steering system and back axle independent steering system, and front-wheel and trailing wheel can be realized and turning to, and turning between front-wheel and trailing wheel can be separate, be independent of each other.Thereby, can the multi-steering pattern of wagon drill be set based on practical application scene, to adapt to the requirement of multiple use occasion.The steering mode of above-mentioned wagon drill has been broken traditional pattern that turns to, and can realize the different directions of the full tire of car load and control, and to obtain less minimum turning diameter, promotes greatly manoevreability and the crossing ability of wagon drill.Multi-mode steering technology is applied in wagon drill, compared to the current single General Motors chassis that turns to pattern, when car load travels, chaufeur can carry out according to different road conditions the switching of steering mode, wagon drill manoevreability and alerting ability have been improved, greatly improve vehicle in transition ability among a small circle, improved maneuverability and the off-road capability of vehicle, in rescue and relief work, will have outstanding performance.By difference, turn to the switching of pattern, make wagon drill be applicable to hills, desert and area, mountain area, make wagon drill in rescue and relief work process, have more superior ability.In addition, above-mentioned wagon drill with the identical number of axle but adopt the wagon drill comparison of universal chassis, can be accomplished less turning-circle diameter, Active workings size and planeness is required lower, has improved wagon drill to mine disaster rescue and relief work ability.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Accompanying drawing described herein is used to provide a further understanding of the present invention, forms the application's a part, and schematic description and description of the present invention is used for explaining the present invention, does not form inappropriate limitation of the present invention.In the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is that in prior art, General Motors chassis turns to pattern diagram;
Fig. 2 turns to pattern diagram at normal highway motoring condition low bottom-disc for the wagon drill that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 3 turns to pattern low bottom-disc to turn to pattern diagram in little turning for the wagon drill that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 4 turns to pattern diagram at crab row turning pattern low bottom-disc for the wagon drill that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
Fig. 5 turns to pattern diagram at rear axle independent steering pattern low bottom-disc for the wagon drill that the embodiment of the present invention provides;
The propons independent steering system of wagon drill and the principle schematic of back axle independent steering system that Fig. 6 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
Reference numeral:
1, bearing circle; 2, deflector; 3, the first hydraulic ram;
4, the first pitman arm; 5, front-wheel; 6, driving engine;
7, the first Hydraulic Pump; 8, the second Hydraulic Pump; 9, control cock;
10, the second hydraulic ram; 11, the second pitman arm; 12, trailing wheel;
13, by pass valve.
The specific embodiment
Below in conjunction with Fig. 2～Fig. 6, technical scheme provided by the invention is carried out to more detailed elaboration, the technical scheme of arbitrary technological means provided by the invention being replaced or arbitrarily two or more technological means provided by the invention or technical characterictic being combined mutually and obtain all should be within protection scope of the present invention.
The embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of wagon drill, comprises propons independent steering system and back axle independent steering system.Wherein, propons independent steering system comprises front-wheel 5 and front-wheel steering actuating device, and back axle independent steering system comprises trailing wheel 12 and rear-axle steering actuating device.Front-wheel steering actuating device can drive front-wheel 5 to turn to, and rear-axle steering actuating device can drive trailing wheel 12 to turn to.
Wagon drill: under the driving of unit head, meet certain drilling process, can carry out a kind of engineering truck of drilling construction.
In the present embodiment, wagon drill is preferably has 3 axles or 3 axles with the wagon drill of top bottom-disc, this sentences the General Motors chassis that the number of axle, wheelbase, wheelspan and axle left side tire steering locking angle degree are identical and has multimodal five axle wagon drills is example, wherein, corresponding 1 axle of propons and 2 axles, corresponding 3 axles of back axle, 4 axles and 5 axles.
Propons independent steering system and the concrete implementation of back axle independent steering system have multiple, both a kind of specific implementations have hereinafter been provided respectively, be understandable that, be not limited to following implementation, so long as can realize the propons independent steering system turning to of front-wheel, the back axle independent steering system turning to of trailing wheel all can be applicable to herein.
In technique scheme, propons independent steering system and back axle independent steering system can control respectively front-wheel 5 and trailing wheel 12 turns to, and the turning pattern of whole wagon drill has multiple:
Work turns to pattern: referring to Fig. 2, it is normal highway motoring condition that work turns to pattern.Under this pattern, only have propons independent steering system to control front-wheel 5 and turn to, trailing wheel 12 does not turn to.This turns to the feature of pattern to be applicable to any place and road conditions thereof, has identical steering capability and performance with General Motors chassis.
Little turning turns to pattern: referring to Fig. 3, under this pattern, propons independent steering system is controlled front-wheel 5 and turned to, and back axle independent steering system is controlled trailing wheel 12 and turned to, and the steering direction of front-wheel 5 and trailing wheel 12 is contrary.Under this kind turns to pattern, the steering direction of front-wheel 5 and trailing wheel 12 is contrary.Because full tire all turns to, when vehicle design turning center design more forward, so can obtain less minimum turning diameter.Little turning turns to the minimum turning diameter under pattern to turn to the minimum turning diameter under pattern little than work.This kind turns to pattern to be applicable to any road conditions, and the speed of a motor vehicle is had to certain restriction.Lower to the size in place and planeness demand, can pass in and out various rescue and relief works place by fast speed, be more suitable for the bend road conditions of intersected country, mountain area.
Minimum turning diameter: according to the definition of standard GB/T12540-2009, minimum turning diameter refers to when steering handwheel (being commonly called as bearing circle 1) forwards end position to, the greater in the locus circle diameter of vehicle outside wheel flutter tyre surface center in ground grading.According to the constructional feature of vehicle, all steering tires on a vehicle can not have identical minimum turning diameter.
Crab row turning pattern: referring to Fig. 4, under this pattern, propons independent steering system is controlled front-wheel 5 and turned to, and back axle independent steering system is controlled trailing wheel 12 and turned to, and front-wheel 5 is identical with the steering direction of trailing wheel 12.Under this kind of steering state, front-wheel 5 is consistent with the steering direction of trailing wheel 12.This kind turns to pattern to be applicable to any road conditions, and the speed of a motor vehicle is had to certain restriction.Lower to the size in place and planeness demand, vehicle can also be realized operation or to the right left when advancing, and is mainly used in wagon drill and enters fast and withdraw in drilling well place, can improve manoevreability and the alerting ability of wagon drill.
Rear axle independent steering pattern: referring to Fig. 5, under this pattern, back axle independent steering system is controlled trailing wheel 12 and turned to, and front-wheel 5 does not turn to.Under this kind turns to pattern, front-wheel 5 does not turn to, and trailing wheel 12 can be realized left and right turn.This kind turns to pattern using in any road conditions, and the speed of a motor vehicle is had to certain restriction.Lower to the size in place and planeness demand, this steering state is mainly used in wagon drill and in drilling well place, independently adjusts vehicle tail state, improves marching into the arena fast and arriving capability of wagon drill, improves manoevreability and the alerting ability of wagon drill.
Multi-mode four-wheel steering technology: a kind of can realize the full tyre revolution of vehicle to, and can realize the mechanical drive liquid electric control steering technique of road running, little turning, crab row and back axle independent steering.
The wagon drill that technique scheme provides, have multi-mode four-wheel steering technology, the steering mode of wagon drill has been broken traditional pattern that turns to, and can realize the different directions of the full tire of car load and control, to obtain less minimum turning diameter, greatly promoted manoevreability and the crossing ability of wagon drill.Multi-mode steering technology is applied in wagon drill, apply this technology, compared to the current single General Motors chassis that turns to pattern, when car load travels, chaufeur can carry out the switching of steering mode according to different road conditions, improved wagon drill manoevreability and alerting ability, greatly improves vehicle in transition ability among a small circle, improve maneuverability and the off-road capability of vehicle, in rescue and relief work, will have outstanding performance.By difference, turn to the switching of pattern, make wagon drill be applicable to hills, desert and area, mountain area, make wagon drill in rescue and relief work process, have more superior ability.In addition, above-mentioned wagon drill with the identical number of axle but adopt the wagon drill comparison of universal chassis, can be accomplished less turning-circle diameter, Active workings size and planeness is required lower, has improved wagon drill to mine disaster rescue and relief work ability.
Introduce the optional implementation of front-wheel steering actuating device in propons independent steering system below: referring to Fig. 6, front-wheel steering actuating device comprises the first propulsion source, the first actuator and the first executive item.The first propulsion source is connected with the first actuator, and the first actuator is connected with the first executive item, and the first executive item is connected with front-wheel 5.Wherein, the first propulsion source drives the first actuator motion, and the first actuator drives the first executive item motion, and the first executive item drives front-wheel 5 to turn to.
The first propulsion source can adopt the driving engine 6 on wagon drill.
Further, the first actuator comprises the first Hydraulic Pump 7, bearing circle 1, deflector 2 and the first hydraulic ram 3; The first executive item comprises the first pitman arm 4.The first Hydraulic Pump 7 is connected with deflector 2, and bearing circle 1 is connected with deflector 2, and deflector 2 is connected with the first hydraulic ram 3, and the piston rod of the first hydraulic ram 3 is connected with the first pitman arm 4, and the first pitman arm 4 is connected with front-wheel 5.
The front-wheel steering actuating device that technique scheme provides, propons adopts one, two axis mechanical drives to add hydraulic booster realization and turns to.The mode that realizes action is: by bearing circle 1, as the signal of steering direction, inputs, and the incoming signal by this signal as deflector 2, by the flow of deflector 2 ratio output hydraulic pressure oil, thus the stroke of the first hydraulic ram 3 in control vehicle bridge.By the stroke of the first hydraulic ram 3, promote the rotation of the first pitman arm 4 in vehicle bridge, thereby realize the change of front-wheel 5 tire running directions.
Further, referring to Fig. 6, in back axle independent steering system, the preferred implementation of rear-axle steering actuating device is: rear-axle steering actuating device comprises the second propulsion source, the second actuator and the second executive item.The second propulsion source is connected with the second actuator, and the second actuator is connected with the second executive item, and the second executive item is connected with trailing wheel 12.Wherein, the second propulsion source drives the second actuator motion, and the second actuator drives the second executive item motion, and the second executive item drives trailing wheel 12 to turn to.
The second propulsion source also can adopt the driving engine 6 on wagon drill.
The second actuator can adopt following implementation: the second actuator comprises the second Hydraulic Pump 8, control cock 9 and the second hydraulic ram 10; The second executive item comprises the second pitman arm 11.The second Hydraulic Pump 8 is connected with control cock 9, and control cock 9 is connected with the second hydraulic ram 10, and the piston rod of the second hydraulic ram 10 is connected with the second pitman arm 11, and the second pitman arm 11 is connected with trailing wheel 12.When control cock 9 is in different control positioies, the communication direction of the oil circuit between the second Hydraulic Pump 8 and the second hydraulic ram 10 is different, and the second hydraulic ram 10 can be realized and stretches out, keeps or bounce back.The Main Function of control cock 9 is to realize commutation.Between control cock 9 and the second Hydraulic Pump 8, by pass valve 13 can be set, to guarantee security of system.
Herein, the concrete three position four-way directional control valve that adopts of control cock 9.
The wagon drill that technique scheme provides, back axle adopts electric liquid to turn to control technology, and the mode that realizes action is:
A), three, four, five bridges (being 3 axles in Fig. 6,4 axles, 5 axles) steering state not: three-position four-way valve must not electricity, and in meta state, on three, four, five bridges, the second hydraulic ram 10 is without hydraulic oil input, in meta steering state not.Further, for improving the stability of meta state, this system has increased meta lock-out state.
B), three, four, five bridges (being 3 axles in Fig. 6,4 axles, 5 axles) steering state: control cock 9 obtains electric, spool moves to the left or right, realize the hydraulic oil input of the second hydraulic ram 10, by the stroke of the second hydraulic ram 10, promote the rotation of the second pitman arm 11 in vehicle bridge, thereby realize the change of trailing wheel 12 tire running directions.
It should be noted that:
One, realize above the electric liquid that trailing wheel 12 turns to use and turn to control technology principle for realize a kind of principle that switch is controlled by electromagnetic valve, also can adopt the control of the hydraulic pressure such as electro-hydraulic proportional valve and electric combination to realize the function turning to.
Two, for mentioning the first hydraulic ram 3 and the second hydraulic ram 10 in vehicle bridge, in different vehicle bridge, the stroke of hydraulic ram is inconsistent, can realize the coordination on the steering angle of each bridge tire.
The wagon drill that technique scheme provides, has multi-mode four-wheel steering function, can realize as the turning to of normal highway driving mode, little turning pattern, crab row mode and back axle independent steering isotype, and improves maneuverability, the crossing ability of wagon drill.Respectively turn to the electric-controlled switch in the reliable operator's compartment of switching between pattern to carry out, chaufeur can be selected different steering states according to road conditions in wagon drill long-distance running and place transfer process, thereby reaches the running orbit needing.
If used the words such as " first ", " second " to limit parts herein, those skilled in the art should know: the use of " first ", " second " is only used to be convenient to describe above parts are distinguished as not having outside Stated otherwise, and above-mentioned word does not have special implication.
Finally should be noted that: above embodiment is only in order to illustrate that technical scheme of the present invention is not intended to limit; Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: still can modify or part technical characterictic is equal to replacement the specific embodiment of the present invention; And not departing from the spirit of technical solution of the present invention, it all should be encompassed in the middle of the technical scheme scope that the present invention asks for protection.
Claims (9)
1. a wagon drill, is characterized in that, comprises propons independent steering system and back axle independent steering system;
Wherein, described propons independent steering system comprises front-wheel and front-wheel steering actuating device, and described back axle independent steering system comprises trailing wheel and rear-axle steering actuating device;
Described front-wheel steering actuating device can drive described front-wheel steering, and described rear-axle steering actuating device can drive described rear-axle steering.
2. wagon drill according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described front-wheel steering actuating device comprises the first propulsion source, the first actuator and the first executive item;
Described the first propulsion source is connected with the first actuator, and described the first actuator is connected with described the first executive item, and described the first executive item is connected with described front-wheel;
Wherein, described the first propulsion source drives described the first actuator motion, and described the first actuator drives described the first executive item motion, and described the first executive item drives described front-wheel steering.
3. wagon drill according to claim 2, is characterized in that, described the first actuator comprises the first Hydraulic Pump, bearing circle, deflector and the first hydraulic ram; Described the first executive item comprises the first pitman arm;
Described the first Hydraulic Pump is connected with described deflector, described bearing circle is connected with described deflector, described deflector is connected with described the first hydraulic ram, and the piston rod of described the first hydraulic ram is connected with described the first pitman arm, and described the first pitman arm is connected with described front-wheel.
4. wagon drill according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described the first propulsion source is the driving engine on wagon drill.
5. wagon drill according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described rear-axle steering actuating device comprises the second propulsion source, the second actuator and the second executive item;
Described the second propulsion source is connected with the second actuator, and described the second actuator is connected with described the second executive item, and described the second executive item is connected with described trailing wheel;
Wherein, described the second propulsion source drives described the second actuator motion, and described the second actuator drives described the second executive item motion, and described the second executive item drives described rear-axle steering.
6. wagon drill according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described the second actuator comprises the second Hydraulic Pump, control cock and the second hydraulic ram; Described the second executive item comprises the second pitman arm;
Described the second Hydraulic Pump is connected with described control cock, and described control cock is connected with described the second hydraulic ram, and the piston rod of described the second hydraulic ram is connected with described the second pitman arm, and described the second pitman arm is connected with described trailing wheel;
When described control cock is in different control positioies, the communication direction of the oil circuit between described the second Hydraulic Pump and described the second hydraulic ram is different, and described the second hydraulic ram can be realized and stretches out, keeps or bounce back.
7. wagon drill according to claim 6, is characterized in that, described control cock is three position four-way directional control valve.
8. wagon drill according to claim 5, is characterized in that, described the second propulsion source is the driving engine on wagon drill.
9. wagon drill according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described wagon drill is to have 3 axles or 3 axles with the wagon drill of top bottom-disc.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410279276.8A CN104015797A (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2014-06-20 | Gadding car |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410279276.8A CN104015797A (en) | 2014-06-20 | 2014-06-20 | Gadding car |
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| CN104015797A true CN104015797A (en) | 2014-09-03 |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN106114615A (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2016-11-16 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | A kind of hydraulic steering system |
| CN111436198A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2020-07-21 | Syn重工股份有限公司 | Vehicle steering method |
| CN111959604A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-11-20 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Multi-mode steering system |
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| CN106114615B (en) * | 2016-06-28 | 2019-02-12 | 潍柴动力股份有限公司 | A kind of hydraulic steering system |
| CN111436198A (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2020-07-21 | Syn重工股份有限公司 | Vehicle steering method |
| CN111436198B (en) * | 2017-11-10 | 2023-01-10 | Syn重工股份有限公司 | Vehicle steering method |
| CN111959604A (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2020-11-20 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Multi-mode steering system |
| CN111959604B (en) * | 2020-07-27 | 2021-10-29 | 农业农村部南京农业机械化研究所 | Multi-mode steering system |
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Application publication date: 20140903 |