CN104007511A - Ultrasonic fiber bragg grating all-fiber attenuator and optical fiber online optical power attenuation method - Google Patents
Ultrasonic fiber bragg grating all-fiber attenuator and optical fiber online optical power attenuation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN104007511A CN104007511A CN201410240912.6A CN201410240912A CN104007511A CN 104007511 A CN104007511 A CN 104007511A CN 201410240912 A CN201410240912 A CN 201410240912A CN 104007511 A CN104007511 A CN 104007511A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an ultrasonic fiber bragg grating all-fiber attenuator and an optical fiber online optical power attenuation method. The all-fiber attenuator comprises an ultrasonic signal generator, an ultrasonic transducer, an optical fiber reel and an ultrasonic absorber, wherein a section of free optical fiber in an optical fiber system is wound on the optical fiber reel, the ultrasonic transducer is arranged at the optical input or output end, the ultrasonic absorber is arranged at the other end of an optical fiber, the ultrasonic signal generator is connected with the ultrasonic transducer, and the attenuation amplitude of a conduction mode of an optical fiber core diameter is changed by adjusting the output frequency and amplitude of the ultrasonic signal generator. The optical power attenuation of the optical fiber can be achieved under the condition that an optical fiber light path is not cut off, the light path continuity at the attenuation section is kept, insertion loss and reflection scattering of accessories are not introduced, the optical power attenuation amplitude can be adjusted, the time varying dynamic attenuation of the optical power can be performed, and the ultrasonic fiber bragg grating all-fiber attenuator is simple in structure and high in stability and is conveniently implanted in an existing optical fiber and photo-electronic system.
Description
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Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of full fibre optic attenuator, relate in particular to the full fibre optic attenuator forming by ultrasonic long period fiber grating.
Background technology
Along with the development of photoelectron technology and optical fiber technology, various photonicss constantly enter in the application of industry and life.In some optical fiber electronic systems, our frequent hope can regulate the luminous power size in optical fiber.And how by optical attenuator, to realize in the big or small prior art of regulating optical power.During use, light path is cut off, inserted therein the object that an optical attenuator is realized optical power attenuation.Traditional optical attenuator acousto-optic attenuator, such as Q-switch conventional in fiber pulse laser; Also have electro-optical attenuator, magneto-optic attenuator, the mechanical optical attenuation sheet sliding, bubble optical attenuator, optical semiconductor attenuator etc.These optical attenuators respectively have feature, but their common shortcomings are all to need light path to cut off, and then insert this optical attenuator, can cause like this light path after inserting optical attenuator to produce uncontinuity.The consequence that this uncontinuity is brought is: (1) back-reflection and directionless scattering strengthen; (2) inserting light loss increases; (3) front and back coupling place needs optical collimator conventionally, has strengthened the complexity of optical device, has reduced its stability.
Therefore if can have a kind of method and apparatus that optical fiber just can be directly decayed to luminous power wherein that do not need to cut off in electro-optical system, will play a positive role to the debugging of system, operation and maintenance.Application number is 201310140650.1, name is called " supersonic induced long period fiber grating Q impulse and continuous dual-purpose fiber laser " and discloses a kind of supersonic induced long period fiber grating, it comprises serrate sheet metal, piezoelectric ceramics, radio-frequency power supply etc., when piezoelectric ceramics passes into direct current, electrostrictive effect makes serrate sheet metal produce displacement extruding optical fiber, forms periodically micro-curving as long period fiber grating in optical fiber.Be in this application, fiber grating be with two groups of dentalations under ultrasonic effect from side direction mechanical presses optical fiber, thereby the deformation of optical fiber generating period is formed.Owing to being mechanical dentalation, cause the cycle of fiber grating can not be too short, and mechanical dentalation can cause the micro-damage of optical fiber, long-term reliability and permanance decline; Meanwhile, its fiber grating cycle is immutable, and its optical fiber do not adding under ultrasonic state, due to the lateral pressure of dentalation to optical fiber, still can produce light loss.
Summary of the invention
The present invention seeks to provide in order to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art a kind of in the situation that not cutting off optic fibre light path, can realize optical fiber in luminous power decay and keep the full fibre optic attenuator of successional ultrasonic fiber grating of decay section light path.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution used in the present invention is: the full fibre optic attenuator of a kind of ultrasonic fiber grating, it comprises supersonic signal generator, ultrasonic transducer, optical fiber drum, ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION device, described optical fiber drum is for by the optical fiber winding of certain length thereon, described ultrasonic transducer is positioned over described optical fiber and inputs or outputs end, described ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION device is positioned over the other end of described optical fiber, described supersonic signal generator is connected with described ultrasonic transducer, by regulating output frequency and the amplitude of described supersonic signal generator, to change the attenuation amplitude of conduction mode in optical fiber core diameter.
Optimally, described ultrasonic transducer and ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION device all offer groove, and described optical fiber is located in corresponding described groove.
Optimally, the output frequency of described supersonic signal generator is 200～2000kHz, and the output current amplitude of described supersonic signal generator is 0～2A.
Optimally, the diameter of described optical fiber drum is 3cm～8cm.
Optimally, described optical fiber drum adopts polymkeric substance Teflon material to make.Described ultrasonic transducer and ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION device adopt magnetostriction materials to make.
The present invention also provides a kind of technique scheme of utilizing to carry out the online optical power attenuation method of optical fiber, and it comprises,
(1) one section of free optical fiber in fibre system is coiled along described optical fiber drum periphery;
(2) described ultrasonic transducer is positioned on the optical fiber of described optical fiber drum one side;
(3) described ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION device is positioned on the optical fiber of described optical fiber drum opposite side;
(4) open ultrasonic generator, regulate ultrasonic frequency and amplitude, thereby change online the optical power attenuation amount of optical fiber.
Optimally, in step (1), described optical fiber elasticity of coiling on optical fiber drum remains on the tension force of 5～10 grams.
Optimally, in step (2) (3), the optical fiber of corresponding position is temporarily fixed on described ultrasonic transducer and ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION device by gel.
Because technique scheme is used, the present invention compared with prior art has following advantages: the present invention in the situation that not cutting off optic fibre light path, can realize optical fiber in the decay of luminous power, the continuity that keeps decay section light path, do not introduce insertion loss and the specular scattering of annex, the attenuation amplitude of luminous power can regulate, can carry out luminous power time become dynamic attenuation, simple in structure, stability is higher, convenient implantation in existing optical fiber and photonics.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the full fibre optic attenuator structural representation of the ultrasonic fiber grating of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the structural representation of the online variable light power attenuation method of optical fiber of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is the curve synoptic diagram of light loss and frequency of sound wave and intensity in one embodiment of the invention;
Wherein, 1, ultrasonic transducer; 2, supersonic signal generator; 3, optical fiber drum; 4, optical fiber; 5, ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION device; 6, fiber optic applications system; A, supersonic signal generator output intensity are 30mA; B, supersonic signal generator output intensity are 20mA.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the preferred embodiment of the invention is elaborated:
The full fibre optic attenuator of ultrasonic fiber grating as shown in Figure 1, it comprises ultrasonic signal generator 2, ultrasonic transducer 1, ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION device 5 and optical fiber drum 3.Wherein, optical fiber drum 3 adopts organic polymer Teflon material to be made, and its periphery is arranged with optical fiber 4, and one end of optical fiber 4 arranges ultrasonic transducer 1, and the other end arranges ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION device 5.In the present embodiment, ultrasonic transducer 4 and ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION device 5 are made by magnetostriction materials, offer respectively groove on both bodies, and the two ends of optical fiber are located in groove respectively, and fix by gel.Ultrasonic signal generator 2 is connected with ultrasonic transducer 1, for generation of ultrasonic signal.
Fig. 2 has provided the method signal that adopts fibre optic attenuator of the present invention to carry out online optical fiber power attenuation, fibre optic attenuator is for actual fiber optic applications system 6, in actual fiber application system, extract one section of free optical fiber that need to apply optical attenuation out, the optical fiber 4 that loss need to occur takes out, on optical fiber drum 3.Coiling degree of tightness appropriateness, too not tight, keep the tension force of 5-10 gram of left and right, guarantee that optical fiber stably adheres to thereon.Then one end of optical fiber on optical fiber drum 3 is placed in the groove of ultrasonic transducer 1, with gel, carries out temporary fixed.Again the other end of optical fiber on optical fiber drum 3 is placed in the groove of ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION device 5, with gel, carries out temporary fixed.Finally ultrasonic transducer 1 is connected with supersonic signal generator 2.When system works, regulate output and the amplitude of supersonic signal generator 2, according to produced light loss size, until meet the demands.In the present invention, the reference frequency output of supersonic signal generator is at 200～2000kHz, and the output current amplitude of supersonic signal generator is 0～2A.
Above-mentioned the formation of the ultrasonic fiber grating attenuator of the present invention and online using method are introduced, below its principle of work are described:
We know, optical fiber is the refractive index waveguide that a kind of xsect for light transmission has circular symmetry.Under linear polarization is approximate, its low order conduction mode respectively: LP01(basic mode), LP11(First-Order Mode), LP02(second order mode), be then high-order mode and the radiation mode that index is higher.In the situation that not being coupled, each rank pattern is independent propagation.When applying the perturbation of one-period, and when meeting some requirements, can impel between different patterns and intercouple.In the present invention, the perturbation that we provide is the density cyclical variation of the material along fiber length that caused by ultrasound wave, and this variation is converted to the cyclical variation of refractive index.It has formed a long period fiber grating along fiber length.When the propagation constant of this fiber grating equals two propagation constants between pattern when poor, these two fiber modes will be coupled under the perturbation of this fiber grating.From quantum-mechanical viewpoint, this is the interaction process of two photons and a phonon.Only first photon of first mode before conversion, only second photon of the second pattern after conversion, long period fiber grating is phonon.Under the effect of phonon, first photon is converted into second photon, the equal conservation of energy and momentum of whole interaction process.In common fibre system, if employing is single-mode fiber, guided modes is basic mode so; If what adopt is multimode less fundamental mode optical fibre, conduction mode is several patterns that mode step number is lower so.High-order mode is unsettled and loss in such optical fiber, and larger unit length loss can occur higher radiation mode.Meanwhile, when optical fiber is wound on drum, optical fiber can increase the loss of high-order mode, and the diameter of drum is less, and the added losses of high-order mode are just larger.But diameter can not be little of causing that the degree of mechanical damage appears in basic mode generation loss or optical fiber.So optimum diameter is that basic mode is in approaching the state of critical loss.Object of the present invention is exactly by regulating ultrasonic frequency and amplitude, makes the conduction mode in optical fiber be coupled to high-order mode and radiation mode with certain intensity, thereby forms optical power loss, realizes the object of optical attenuation.Change ultrasonic frequency, can change the cycle of fiber grating, be also equivalent to change the frequency of phonon; Change ultrasonic intensity, can change the depth of modulation of fiber grating, be also equivalent to change the quantity of phonon.By regulating ultrasonic frequency and amplitude, we just can access the adjustable optical attenuation of amplitude, and by dynamically changing in real time ultrasonic frequency and amplitude, we just can access dynamic optical attenuation.
Fig. 3 has provided a curve that light loss changes with ultrasonic signal frequencies.The frequency of supersonic signal generator regulates within the scope of 800～950kHz, and waveform is sinusoidal wave, and as seen from the figure, when frequency is during in 880kHz left and right, optical fiber loss is maximum.Under same frequency, the output current intensity of supersonic signal generator is larger, and light loss is larger, as marked A, two curves of B in figure, A represents that supersonic signal generator output current intensity is 30 mA, and B represents that supersonic signal generator output current intensity is 20mA.
Above-mentioned the principle of the invention is had been described in detail, can find out, it has significantly different with respect to existing " supersonic induced long period fiber grating Q impulse and continuous dual-purpose fiber laser " (201310140650.1, call correlation technique in the following text).Specifically comprise:
(1) the present invention is the refractive-index grating causing along the density cyclical variation forming in fiber length communication process in optical fiber by ultrasound wave, correlation technique be with two groups of dentalations under ultrasonic effect from side direction mechanical presses optical fiber, thereby make the deformation of optical fiber generating period and form fiber grating;
(2) the present invention does not have mechanical damage, so better reliability, and correlation technique machinery dentalation can cause the micro-damage of optical fiber, and long-term reliability and permanance decline;
(3) the present invention can regulate the fiber grating cycle by changing ultrasonic frequency, and the fiber grating cycle of correlation technique is immutable;
(4) the present invention does not have quiescent dissipation, and correlation technique is not adding under ultrasonic state, due to the lateral pressure of dentalation to optical fiber, still can produce light loss, namely has quiescent dissipation.
Above-described embodiment is only explanation technical conceive of the present invention and feature, and its object is to allow person skilled in the art can understand content of the present invention and implement according to this, can not limit the scope of the invention with this.All equivalences that Spirit Essence is done according to the present invention change or modify, within all should being encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. the full fibre optic attenuator of ultrasonic fiber grating, it is characterized in that: it comprises supersonic signal generator, ultrasonic transducer, optical fiber drum, ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION device, described optical fiber drum is for by the optical fiber winding of certain length thereon, described ultrasonic transducer is positioned over described optical fiber and inputs or outputs end, described ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION device is positioned over the other end of described optical fiber, described supersonic signal generator is connected with described ultrasonic transducer, by regulating output frequency and the amplitude of described supersonic signal generator, to change the attenuation amplitude of conduction mode in optical fiber core diameter.
2. the full fibre optic attenuator of ultrasonic fiber grating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described ultrasonic transducer and ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION device all offer groove, and described optical fiber is located in corresponding described groove.
3. the full fibre optic attenuator of ultrasonic fiber grating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the output frequency of described supersonic signal generator is 200～2000kHz, and the output current amplitude of described supersonic signal generator is 0～2A.
4. the full fibre optic attenuator of ultrasonic fiber grating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the diameter of described optical fiber drum is 3cm～8cm.
5. the full fibre optic attenuator of ultrasonic fiber grating according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described optical fiber drum adopts polymkeric substance Teflon material to make.
6. the full fibre optic attenuator of ultrasonic fiber grating according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described ultrasonic transducer and ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION device adopt magnetostriction materials to make.
7. according to the full fibre optic attenuator of any ultrasonic fiber grating described in claim 1 to 6, carry out the online optical power attenuation method of optical fiber, it is characterized in that: it comprises,
(1) one section of free optical fiber in fibre system is coiled along described optical fiber drum periphery;
(2) described ultrasonic transducer is positioned on the optical fiber of described optical fiber drum one side;
(3) described ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION device is positioned on the optical fiber of described optical fiber drum opposite side;
(4) open ultrasonic generator, regulate ultrasonic frequency and amplitude, thereby change online the optical power attenuation amount of optical fiber.
8. the online optical power attenuation method of optical fiber according to claim 7, is characterized in that: in step (1), described optical fiber elasticity of coiling on optical fiber drum remains on the tension force of 5～10 grams.
9. the online optical power attenuation method of optical fiber according to claim 7, is characterized in that: in step (2) (3), the optical fiber of corresponding position is temporarily fixed on described ultrasonic transducer and ULTRASONIC ABSORPTION device by gel.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104155753A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2014-11-19 | 成都美美通信技术有限公司 | Continuously-adjustable fiber optic attenuator |
| CN106197952A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2016-12-07 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | A kind of optical fiber attenuation spectral measurement system based on super continuous spectrums |
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| CN103259170A (en) * | 2013-04-22 | 2013-08-21 | 西北大学 | Ultrasound induction long-periodic fiber bragg grating Q-switched pulse continuous dual-purpose optical fiber laser |
| CN203250981U (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-10-23 | 西安文理学院 | Fiber laser based on sound waves |
| CN203838367U (en) * | 2014-05-30 | 2014-09-17 | 广东高聚激光有限公司 | Ultrasonic fiber grating all-fiber attenuator |
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Patent Citations (5)
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| US4929264A (en) * | 1987-11-05 | 1990-05-29 | Cselt Centro Studi E Laboratori Telecommunicazioni S.P.A. | Apparatus for reducing optical-fiber attenuation |
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| CN203250981U (en) * | 2013-01-25 | 2013-10-23 | 西安文理学院 | Fiber laser based on sound waves |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN104155753A (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2014-11-19 | 成都美美通信技术有限公司 | Continuously-adjustable fiber optic attenuator |
| CN104155753B (en) * | 2014-08-28 | 2016-04-27 | 成都美美通信技术有限公司 | Continuously adjustable fibre optic attenuator |
| CN106197952A (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2016-12-07 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | A kind of optical fiber attenuation spectral measurement system based on super continuous spectrums |
| CN106197952B (en) * | 2016-08-02 | 2018-08-10 | 长飞光纤光缆股份有限公司 | A kind of optical fiber attenuation spectral measurement system based on super continuous spectrums |
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