CN104003982A - 一种可用于制备肺癌的化合物 - Google Patents

一种可用于制备肺癌的化合物 Download PDF

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CN104003982A
CN104003982A CN201410185483.7A CN201410185483A CN104003982A CN 104003982 A CN104003982 A CN 104003982A CN 201410185483 A CN201410185483 A CN 201410185483A CN 104003982 A CN104003982 A CN 104003982A
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lung cancer
cell cycle
compound
cdks
aurora
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刘岗
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Chengdu Er Jue Science And Technology Ltd
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Chengdu Er Jue Science And Technology Ltd
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    • CCHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
    • C07ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
    • C07DHETEROCYCLIC COMPOUNDS
    • C07D413/00Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms
    • C07D413/02Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings
    • C07D413/06Heterocyclic compounds containing two or more hetero rings, at least one ring having nitrogen and oxygen atoms as the only ring hetero atoms containing two hetero rings linked by a carbon chain containing only aliphatic carbon atoms

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Abstract

本发明提供了一种式I所示化合物及其晶体,其可用于制备用于治疗肺癌的药物。

Description

一种可用于制备肺癌的化合物
技术领域
本发明涉及一种可用作治疗肺癌的化合物及其制备方法。
背景技术
肺癌是肺部最常见的恶性肿瘤。世界卫生组织调查报告,许多国家和地区,肺癌的发病率占恶性肿瘤的首位。男性多于女性,男女之比约为4-8:1。城市多于农村。年龄多在40岁以上,少数病人在40岁以下。绝大多数的肺癌起源于支气管粘膜上皮,故称支气管肺癌。肺癌是它简称或通常称呼。肺癌的治疗以外科手术切除为首选。原发癌肿局限在支气管肺内,尚未发生远处转移和淋巴结转移时,手术后5年生存率可达50%以上。
细胞周期在正常条件下,由一群相关蛋白酶负责进行调控,它们担负着不同的生物功能,包括抑制或促进细胞周期的功能,其中促进细胞周期进行的大多数蛋白都属于激酶,激酶对调控蛋白质进行重要生理功能起着重要的作用,它在生物体内的主要功能是将高能分子三磷酸腺苷(ATP)的磷酸根转移到受体分子上,以调控蛋白质受体的活化或者去活化,蛋白质的活化或者去活化会调控细胞周期,而许多癌细胞中发现这些控制着正常细胞周期的激酶会突然不受调控,所以若是能够抑制这些不受调控的激酶,相信就能抑制癌细胞的不断增生。近年来陆续发现细胞周期依赖性激酶(CDK)、Aurora kinase、Polo-like kinase(PLK)、驱动蛋白(Kinesins spindle protein;KSP)和Checkpoint kinase(CHK)等新型靶标都和细胞周期有着密切的关系。
其中,中心体上Aurora激酶和CDK的共激活是启动细胞有丝分裂必不可少的条件之一,它们在调节整个细胞周期和细胞有丝分裂的过程中彼此关联、互相促进。二者的相关抑制剂研究也较为深入,且多个化合物已进入临床阶段,表现出良好的抗肿瘤药物研发前景。
研究发现,几乎所有的肿瘤都与细胞周期调控机制紊乱所导致的细胞生长失控、分化受阻、凋亡异常有关,而细胞周期蛋白依赖激酶(cyclin-dependent kinases,CDKs)的过度活化是其中的一个重要原因。CDKs是一类重要的丝氨酸/苏氨酸蛋白激酶,其本身并不具有活性,必须与细胞周期蛋白(cyclins)结合后才能产生活性,可催化底物磷酸化,驱动细胞周期各时相进程,依序完成DNA合成和有丝分裂,引起细胞的生长和增殖。同时,CDKs也能与CDKs抑制因子(CDI)结合发挥负调节作用,抑制细胞周期进程,阻止细胞分裂。由于CDKs在调节肿瘤细胞的增殖与凋亡中起关键作用,通过选择性地抑制肿瘤组织中CDKs的活性,可以对肿瘤等恶性增生性疾病的治疗起到积极的作用,所以对CDKs小分子抑制剂的筛选与研究已成为肿瘤治疗和开发新型化疗药物的热点领域之一。
在CDKs调控整个细胞周期的运行中,以CDK1、CDK2、CDK4和CDK6较为重要。由于细胞周期失控是癌变的重要原因,如果能够阻止细胞周期进入S期,DNA的异常复制就不 会发生,而G1期进入S期主要是由CDK2/cyclin E调控,因此CDK2抑制剂可以阻止细胞周期进入S期进行DNA复制。此外,在整个细胞周期中,除了掌控G1期进入S期,CDK2/cyclinA还控制了S、G2期的进行,由此可见,CDK2在细胞周期中扮演着相当重要的角色,所以如果能有效抑制CDK2的活性,就可以控制细胞周期的进行,进而达到抑制肿瘤细胞增殖失控的功效。
近年来,一些CDKs小分子抑制剂已陆续公开发表,这些抑制剂大都对CDK2具有良好的抑制作用,主要是通过竞争性地结合于CDKs中ATP活性位点,从而起到抑制CDKs的作用。
Aurora家族也是一种丝/苏氨酸蛋白激酶,目前已知人类细胞中存在3种结构和功能高度相关的Aurora激酶亚型:AuroraA、B和C。它参与调节细胞的有丝分裂过程,包括中心体复制、两极纺锤体的形成以及染色体在纺锤体上的重排等,并可对纺锤体检测点(checkpoint)进行精确监测,中止错误的细胞周期进程并完成修复过程。在整个细胞周期的运行中,Aurora激酶主要作用于M期,它与CDKs共同启动有丝分裂的一系列生化事件。
其中,AuroraA和AuroraB与肿瘤密切相关。首先,AuroraA定位在20q13.2,AuroraB定位在17p13,都在易位、缺失或扩增活跃的染色体区段,意味着它们具有天然的不稳定性,这些研究表明当AuroraA过度表达时,它是一种潜在的致癌基因;而且这两个染色体区在乳腺癌和结直肠癌肿瘤组织中以及乳腺癌、卵巢癌、结肠癌、前列腺癌、神经母细胞瘤和宫颈癌细胞株中普遍存在扩增。目前人们对Aurora C的致癌作用研究较少。
Aurora A、B和C在催化区具有很高的同源性,仅有调节区和催化区末端的一小段氨基酸序列存在差异,与抑制剂结合的活性位点则位于铰链区。ATP结构中的嘌呤环可结合于Aurora激酶结构的疏水口袋,并与铰链区的氨基酸残基形成氢键,Aurora激酶抑制剂则可竞争性结合ATP与Aurora激酶的结合位点,也属于ATP竞争性抑制剂。
有文献报道,在G2末期显微注射Aurora激酶抗体可致有丝分裂启动显著延迟,现在认为其机制是Aurora A激酶作为活化的细胞周期蛋白依赖激酶(CDKs)/cyclin复合物的下游效应物,参与完成了启动有丝分裂的一系列生化事件;它与CDKs/cyclin复合物形成正反馈交互活化环,即CDKs/cyclin复合物先激活Aurora激酶,反过来Aurora激酶又促进CDKs的完全活化及该复合物的细胞核内定位,而这两个事件对于启动有丝分裂来说极为重要。总之,在整个细胞周期的运行中,中心体上Aurora激酶和CDKs的共激活是启动细胞有丝分裂必不可少的条件之一,它们在调节细胞周期和细胞有丝分裂的过程中彼此关联,因此若能同时抑制Aurora激酶和CDKs的活性,就能双重抑制肿瘤细胞的过度繁殖,由此可见,开发新型CDKs/Aurora多靶点抑制剂极具价值。
在整个细胞周期中,CDK2除了掌控G1期进入S期,CDK2还控制了S、G2期的细胞运行,因此抑制CDK2就可以阻止细胞周期中DNA的正常复制。而在M期,调节细胞的有丝分裂主要是依靠Aurora A,它在中心体复制、两极纺锤体的形成以及染色体的重排等方面起着不可替代的作用,抑制AuroraA就可以阻止细胞有丝分裂。因此,寻找对CDK和Aurora激酶能同时作用的小分子多靶点抑制剂,多方式影响癌细胞的细胞周期,更好的达到治疗肿瘤的目的。
发明内容
本发明的目的之一就是针对肺癌临床治疗的问题,开发新的化合物在治疗肺癌药物中的用途。

Claims (4)

1.一种化合物,其特征在于以式I表示:
I。
2.如权利要求1所述的化合物,其特征在于为晶体形式,该晶体属于单斜晶系,其空间群为P2空间群,a=35.21(10) Å,b=23.56(7) Å,c=19.36(4) Å,β=91.02°,V=16059.42 Å3,Z=8。
3.如权利要求1或2所述的化合物的用途,其特征在于所述化合物可用于制备肺癌化疗药物。
4.一种药物组合物,其含有权利要求1或2的化合物,另外还含有药学上可接受的助剂。
CN201410185483.7A 2014-05-05 2014-05-05 一种可用于制备肺癌的化合物 Pending CN104003982A (zh)

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Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100406006C (zh) * 2003-07-16 2008-07-30 株式会社医药分子设计研究所 皮肤色素沉着的治疗剂
WO2013052699A2 (en) * 2011-10-04 2013-04-11 Gilead Calistoga Llc Novel quinoxaline inhibitors of pi3k
WO2014052401A1 (en) * 2012-09-28 2014-04-03 Polyera Corporation Semiconducting compounds and optoelectronic devices incorporating same

Patent Citations (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN100406006C (zh) * 2003-07-16 2008-07-30 株式会社医药分子设计研究所 皮肤色素沉着的治疗剂
WO2013052699A2 (en) * 2011-10-04 2013-04-11 Gilead Calistoga Llc Novel quinoxaline inhibitors of pi3k
WO2014052401A1 (en) * 2012-09-28 2014-04-03 Polyera Corporation Semiconducting compounds and optoelectronic devices incorporating same

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Application publication date: 20140827