CN103999736B - A kind of estuarine wetland mangrove forest ecological repairs method of forestation - Google Patents
A kind of estuarine wetland mangrove forest ecological repairs method of forestation Download PDFInfo
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- CN103999736B CN103999736B CN201410212516.2A CN201410212516A CN103999736B CN 103999736 B CN103999736 B CN 103999736B CN 201410212516 A CN201410212516 A CN 201410212516A CN 103999736 B CN103999736 B CN 103999736B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of estuarine wetland mangrove forest ecological restorative procedure, step is: repairing test sample zoning is divided into upstream, midstream and downstream；Soil under selecting regional advantages mangrove to cover in different tidal level is research object, using vacant lot and bare area as reference；Analyze that soil is deposited by zones of different, different tidal level, the photosynthesis characteristics of different plant and Chlorophyll Fluorescence by alternately waterflooding and the response characteristic of hypersaline environment, the growth of Different Red woods Vegetation trends by alternately waterflooding and the response of hypersaline environment, plant soil system, soil nutrient under salinity and the response of basicity, and ozone deplation is to the response of Wetland Environment, the soil enzyme response characteristic to Wetland Environment successively.According to different advantage mangroves at the zones of different meeting market's demand dynamic, static to environment, find optimal suitable environment for estuarine wetland mangrove plant.The present invention can accurately choose the plant adapting to different Wetland Environments, can be used for the restoration of the ecosystem afforestation of estuarine wetland.
Description
Technical field:
The invention belongs to the field of environment protection of estuarine wetland, be specifically related to a kind of estuarine wetland ecology reparation afforestation
Technical method.
Background technology:
Wetland is one of habitat on the earth with the ecosystem of important environmental functional and multiple biology.Wetland
Environment is to the adaptation of wetland and transformation structure by Wetland waterbird, wetland ecotourism ground geochemical cycle and biology
Become, in Wetland Environment, various factor interactions, interdepend, collectively form the overall merit of Wetland Environment
Energy.Wetland, as land and water intermediate zone, has huge environment regulatory function and ecological benefits, with forest, ocean
Together and be referred to as the whole world three big ecosystems, at maintenance bio-diversity, able to resisting flood and drought, regulate the climate, degrade
Pollutant, beautify the environment, provide productive life data aspect to have the irreplaceable effect of other system, be people
The most important natural resources of class and one of living environment, be described as " kidney of the earth ".
Since mid-term in 20th century, along with coastal region industrialization, the fast development of Development of China's Urbanization, industry in a large number
With sanitary sewage, oil and oily waste water, and heavy metal contaminants comes together in river mouth, Haikou, causes wetland
Mangrove ecosystem is constantly degenerated, and area constantly reduces.Related data shows, the total face of current China mangrove
Long-pending less than the 2/3 of historic high.The place that mangrove wrecks is again such that littoral flora occurs broken
Bad, indirect hazard is to halobiontic safety and human health.Additionally, global warming, sea level rise, sea
The environmental problems such as water pours in down a chimney are causing the Loss of diversity of the wetlands ecosystems such as seashore and river mouth, seriously restrict
Social, the economic and sound development of the littoral ecosystem.Therefore, the quarter that estuarine wetland repair is aobvious is carried out
Do not allow to delay.
Finding for after the literature search of prior art, existing estuarine wetland restorative procedure, such as CN102153024
It is that a kind of one using ecological revetment, vertical greening, the measure such as beach and ecological wetland that arranges to combine is wet
Ground water remediation method, it is possible to reduce COD in water body cr, BOD to a certain extent5, N, P and a huge sum of money
Belong to content, be effectively increased species diversity in water body；CN1586748A uses giantreed to the weight in wetland soil
Metal is repaired, and giantreed can be respectively at huge sum of moneys such as Hg, Cd, Cu, Ni that concentration is 100mg/kg
Belong to and pollute tanacity in wetland and survive, after 8 months overground part plant to the enriching quantity of Hg at more than 200mg/kg,
To the enriching quantity of Cd at more than 100mg/kg, it is a kind of to repair the more satisfactory of wetland heavy metal Hg and cadmium pollution
Plant；CN10241830A uses and will be isolated with surrounding environment ditch by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminated soil,
The water surface by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons contaminated pollution is planted rehabilitation plant, water supply installation is installed in higher position；Pass through
Water supply installation periodically supplies water to rehabilitation plant and safeguards that rehabilitation plant grows, after plant maturation to be repaired, to plant ground
Upper part carries out harvesting transfer, and the method can be beautified the environment to a certain extent and alleviate greenhouse effects.
Showing according to numerous studies, there is such as salinity, acid-base value, nutrient environment matter in Quanzhouwan estuarine wetland
The height space of the amount factor is heterogeneous, and this estuarine wetland has many for comparing other other wetlands domestic and international simultaneously
Sample, rarity, fragility, typicalness feature, water front is tortuous, and in gulf, drastically alluvial makes estuarine wetland easy
Sex change, it is difficult to make rational planning for, and domestic and international existing estuarine wetland recovery technique be primarily directed to Bin Hu,
Estuarine wetland, method the most substantially uses physics, chemical or biological method administer and has been subjected to pollute
Wetland soil or water body, these single methods often do not account in mangrove forest ecological reparation mangrove growth
Slowly, the Different Red woods seeds contrario hydrology, tide, salt grade the problem such as adaptability difference of environment, chase after
Seeking concentration in flakes, mangrove survival rate is low, poor growth, pest and disease damage are tight to cause the wetland eco-reconstruction later stage to occur
The problems such as weight, diversity are deficient.Therefore, by static, dynamic, three angle researchs of plant-soil systems
The environmental suitability of plant, environmental suitability and Species structure rule according to plant carry out Wetland ecological simultaneously
Repair and become the task of top priority solving the problems referred to above.
Summary of the invention
It is an object of the invention to provide a kind of estuarine wetland mangrove forest ecological and repair method of forestation, to improve river mouth
Mangrove survival rate, the speed of growth in wetland reparation, reduce pest and disease damage, and increase bio-diversity.
In order to solve above technical problem, the present invention according to Different Red woods seeds contrario, the hydrology, tide,
Salt grades environmental suitability difference, reasonable disposition mangrove, and concrete technical scheme is as follows:
A kind of estuarine wetland mangrove forest ecological repairs method of forestation, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step one, the typicalness having according to estuary wetland ecosystem, rarity and fragility and widely biology many
Sample feature, in conjunction with the south-north direction in river and region area estuarine wetland is first divided into upstream, middle reaches and
Big region, three, downstream, marks off climax region, middle tide according to the height of tidal level in three big regions the most successively
Region and zonule, three, low tide region；
Step 2, in the territory, different districts described in step one, according to the distributed quantity of Different Red tree plant in zonule
With distribution area, filter out zonule advantage mangrove, under covering with selected zonule advantage mangrove
Soil is research object, selects the soil under vacant lot and bare area as comparison simultaneously, measures each zonule advantage red
Tree plant mulching soil and vacant lot and naked underground alluvial feature, as soil physics evaluation index, measure each
Soil salinity, acid-base value, ammonium nitrogen, nitre under zonule advantage mangrove mulching soil and vacant lot and bare area
State nitrogen, available phosphorus, effective iron, effective manganese, Available cupper, effective zinc, urase, phosphatase, polyphenol oxidase
With the temporal change characteristic of 13 factors of catalase as soil chemistry evaluation index, measure each zonule
Advantage mangrove is photosynthetic and the temporal change characteristic of chlorophyll fluorescence is as biological characteristic evaluation index；
Step 3, selective advantage mangrove under territory, described different districts, selection vacant lot and bare area are as comparison simultaneously,
The physiological characteristic of the analysis zonule advantage mangrove response to Wetland Environment successively, dynamic growth is grown wet
The response of ground environment and the plant soil system response relation to Wetland Environment, for zonule advantage mangrove
Find suitable growing environment；
Step 4, considers Photosynthetic Characteristics and environmental suitability, growth and the environment of zonule advantage mangrove
Adaptability, soil alluvial feature, Soil salinity variation characteristic, spatial and temporal distributions and the plant of soil nutrient elements
The spatial and temporal distributions of environmental suitability and soil enzyme and the environmental suitability of plant, for upstream, midstream and downstream three
Adaptive plant is found in high tidal region, midtidal region and territory, low tidal region different districts under individual different big region；
Step 5, according to the suitable environment filtered out for zonule advantage mangrove in step 3, utilizes principal component to divide
Analysis method, the salinity of soil under covering with territory, different districts advantage mangrove, acid-base value, Chlorophyll Fluorescence,
Photosynthesis characteristics, soil ammonium, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, effective iron, effective manganese, Available cupper, effective zinc,
Urase, phosphatase, catalase, polyphenol oxidase is the Comprehensive Evaluation factor, carries out comprehensive assessment analysis,
Further for the optimal suitable raw mangrove of territory, different districts screening；
Step 6, according to the suitable environment filtered out for zonule advantage mangrove in step 3, and step 4 and
The adaptive plant determined for different types of zonule in step 5, suitably plants for the configuration of dissimilar zonule
Thing, the Specific disposition of binding edge region mangrove, implantation methods, planting density, final-period management growth is poor
Different, the comprehensive concrete afforestation technology scheme proposing big regional advantages mangrove, ultimately form whole estuarine wetland
The ecological recovery afforestation scheme in region, reaches the purpose of restoration of the ecosystem afforestation.
Measure territory, different districts advantage mangrove photosynthesis characteristics and Chlorophyll Fluorescence respectively, as evaluation
The zonule advantage mangrove physiology two class indexs to environmental response.
Measure respectively territory, the different districts advantage mangrove biomass in different time, plant height, crown diameter,
Length of blade four-index, and utilize four-index upgrowth situation described in four parameter Logistic equation models, according to
Actual measured value carries out the pattern of growing of dynamic authentication zonule advantage mangrove.
Measure territory, different districts advantage mangrove and cover lower soil and vacant lot and naked underground deposits
Spatio-temporal distribution feature, responds Wetland Environment as evaluating zonule advantage mangrove and soil system
Soil alluvial feature index.
Measure the soil under territory, estuarine wetland different districts advantage mangrove covers and vacant lot and bare area respectively
The salinity of soil and the variation characteristic of acid-base value, as between evaluation region advantage mangrove and soil system to wet
The salinity of ground environmental response and the index of acid-base value.
Measure the soil under territory, estuarine wetland different districts advantage mangrove covers and vacant lot and bare area respectively
The ammonium nitrogen of lower soil, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, effective iron, effective manganese, Available cupper, effective zinc micronutrient
The spatio-temporal distribution feature of element, as evaluating between zonule advantage mangrove and soil system wetland
The nutriment under environmental response response seven index to Wetland Environment.
Measure the soil under territory, estuarine wetland different districts advantage mangrove covers and vacant lot and bare area respectively
The catalase of soil and the spatio-temporal distribution feature of polyphenol oxidase, hydrolase urase and phosphatase,
As the soil enzyme evaluated under Wetland Environment is responded by zonule advantage mangrove and soil system to wetland ring
The response four-index in border.
Soil under covering according to territory, different districts advantage mangrove and the soil physics under vacant lot, bare area covering
Learn and biological characteristic index, the physiological characteristic of the comprehensive analysis zonule advantage mangrove sound to Wetland Environment
Should, dynamic growth grows the response to Wetland Environment and the plant-soil systems response relation to Wetland Environment,
The comprehensive descision zonule advantage mangrove adaptation otherness to estuarine wetland, for zonule advantage mangrove
Find suitable growing environment, configure suitable plant for different types of zonule, red in conjunction with zonule advantage
The Specific disposition of tree plant, implantation methods, planting density, final-period management difference, form concrete afforestation technology side
Case.
Described overall situation includes 3 big regions of upstream, midstream and downstream, and zonule number is more than 9.
Photosynthetic, the fluorescence parameter of advantage mangrove seeds in territory, different districts；The plant height of Different Red woods seeds,
Crown diameter, length of blade；Territory, different districts advantage mangrove cover under the ammonium nitrogen of soil, nitrate nitrogen,
Available phosphorus, effective iron, effective manganese, Available cupper, effective zinc, urase, phosphatase, polyphenol oxidase phenol, peroxide
The information changing hydrogen enzyme measures the most simultaneously.
Photosynthesis characteristics according to acquired zonule advantage mangrove and Chlorophyll Fluorescence physiological characteristic
And analyze it in plant height, crown diameter, length of blade dynamic growth characteristic to alternately waterflooding and hypersaline environment
Response, soil under advantage mangrove covers in zonule and vacant lot and the salinity of bare area soil, acid-base value,
Ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, effective iron, effective manganese, Available cupper, effective zinc, urase, phosphatase,
Polyphenol oxidase and the time of 13 factors of catalase and stochastic modeling judge plant soil system
The system response characteristic to Wetland Environment, comprehensive descision goes out the environmental suitability of zonule advantage mangrove, for district
Territory advantage mangrove finds suitable environment.
According to several subenvironments tentatively judged, the salt of the soil under covering with zonule advantage mangrove
Degree, acid-base value, Chlorophyll Fluorescence, photosynthesis characteristics, soil ammonium, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, effectively
Iron, effective manganese, Available cupper, effective zinc, urase, phosphatase, catalase, polyphenol oxidase are comprehensive
Evaluation factors, uses PCA to carry out comprehensive assessment analysis, under each subenvironment, selects comprehensive obtaining
Divide the highest mangrove seeds as optimal preferential species of tree, be reached for environment and find adaptive plant purpose.
In conjunction with the Specific disposition of zonule advantage mangrove, implantation methods, planting density, final-period management difference,
The comprehensive concrete afforestation technology scheme proposing regional advantages mangrove, ultimately forms whole estuarine wetland region
Ecological recovery afforestation scheme, reaches the purpose of whole estuarine wetland ecology reparation afforestation.
Beneficial effects of the present invention
The present invention according to the growing of plant, Photosynthetic Characteristics and plant-soil systems to waterflooding i.e. aeration,
Salinity, pH, the differential response of soil nutrient determine the control environment of mangrove, by the ring to plant
Border adaptability and the heterogeneous research of microenvironment, verify the extensive mangrove forest ecological of Quanzhouwan estuarine wetland and repair
Multiple restriction and factor of determination；According to the waterflooding of microenvironment, salinity, pH, the height heterogeneity of soil nutrient,
Configuration mangrove species, suit measures to local conditions, " suitable ground " plantation mangrove and " dynamically " intermediate cutting and after-culture red
The woods；By selecting suitable floristics, being arranged in the microenvironment of adaptation, it is suitable that " suitable ground " plants
Mangrove species, form the mixed forest of scale, thus have effectively contained the degeneration of mangrove ecosystem, increase
Bio-diversity, improves productivity.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with subordinate list and specific embodiment, technical scheme is described in further details.
Embodiment 1
Implementing place and be positioned at Quanzhou Bay of Fujian Province estuarine wetland, experimental period is that in April, 2007 was to 2008 8
Month.
(1), Quanzhouwan gross area 136.42km2, during spring tide neap, beach outcrop area is 89.8km2,
The water surface area of the 6m depth of water below subtidal line is 41.2km2, both area sums are 131km2, account for Quanzhouwan
The 96% of the gross area, interior bent face amasss 79.51km2, interior curved mud wetland station 99%, divide the most successively from north
For Yu Tou village, upstream, west village, middle reaches, white sand village, downstream, in each big region, divide successively according to sea meanwhile
Degree of lifting is that the standard of 5m, 3.5m, 2.5m marks off out high tide level, middle tidal level and low tide, by three
Overall situation is divided into 9 zonules.
(2), Quanzhouwan estuarine wetland have primary mangrove plant 2 section, 2 belong to, 2 kinds, i.e. Aegiceras corniculatum and white
Bone earth, has introduced a fine variety again autumn eggplant the 1950's, has introduced a fine variety Bruguiera conjugata, mouse etc. the most successively red after 2005
Tree seeds, by the end of the end of the year 2008, Quanzhouwan estuarine wetland has mangrove seeds 420hm2, it is up till now
Only, the dominant plant of Quanzhouwan estuarine wetland is for Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant and Avicennia marina.Therefore, we by this three
Plant the dominant tree that mangrove is defined as in this estuarine wetland ecology recovery afforestation.
(3), the precast reinforced concrete stake of 150cm × 200cm × 250cm specification is utilized, in 2006 years 10-12
Month subregion buries reinforced concrete stake underground, after around concrete stake, alluvial is fully densified, and in October, 2007-2008
Aegiceras corniculatum in territory, different districts, autumn eggplant, Avicennia marina, vacant lot and naked underground alluvial number is measured during year August
According to, analyze the response characteristic that soil is deposited by mangrove plant-soil system.
(4), 15-17 day in April, 2007 (spring), 8-10 day in November, 2007 (autumn), 2008
6-10 day in January year (winter), 1-3 day in August, 2008 (summer), it is utilized respectively HannaHI931100
Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant and Avicennia marina soil in salinometer and HannaHI991000 acidometer mensuration territory, different districts
Salinity and acid-base value distributed data, analyze mangrove plant-soil system to salinity and the response characteristic of basicity.
(5), 15-17 day in April, 2007 (spring), 8-10 day in November, 2007 (autumn), 2008
6-10 day in January year (winter), 1-3 day in August, 2008 (summer), utilize " the soil that Bao Shidan edits
Agrochemical is analyzed " in about soil ammonium, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, effective iron, effective manganese, Available cupper with have
Under Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant, Avicennia marina cover in the territory, determination of experimental method different districts of effect zinc and vacant lot and naked
The effective iron of underground ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus and metal trace element, effective manganese, Available cupper and have
The distributed data of effect zinc, analyzes the soil nutrient under the influence of Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant and Avicennia marina to Wetland Environment
Response characteristic.
(6), respectively 15-17 day in April, 2007 (spring), 8-10 day in November, 2007 (autumn),
6-10 day in January, 2008 (winter), 1-3 day in August, 2008 (summer), utilize " the soil that Bao Shidan edits
Earth agrochemical is analyzed " in about the method for measuring of catalase, polyphenol oxidase, urase and phosphatase, survey
Determine Aegiceras corniculatum in territory, different districts, autumn eggplant, Avicennia marina cover Soil fixed NH_4+ under lower and vacant lot and bare area,
Polyphenol oxidase, water urase and the distributed data of phosphatase, analyze Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant and Avicennia marina three kinds red
The soil enzyme under the influence of the tree plant response characteristic to Wetland Environment.
(7), 15-17 day in April, 2007 (spring), 8-10 day in November, 2007 (autumn), 2008
6-10 day in January year (winter), 1-3 day in August, 2008 (summer), use Germany Heinz Walz GmbH
The LI-6400 that the portable IMAGING-PAM luminoscope of company's production and LICOR company of the U.S. produce
The paulownia that Portable photosynthesis system is raw, healthy, fully deployed then in measuring territory, different districts
Tree, autumn eggplant and the chlorophyll fluorescence parameters of Avicennia marina and photosynthetic parameters, analyze Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant and Avicennia marina three
The photosynthesis characteristics of kind mangrove and Chlorophyll Fluorescence are to alternately waterflooding and the response characteristic of hypersaline environment.
(8), between May 7 to 31 days July in 2009 in 2008, ruler is utilized to measure Quanzhouwan
Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant and the plant height of Avicennia marina, crown diameter, length of blade three kinds in territory, estuarine wetland different districts
Growth indexes, analyzes Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant, three kinds of advantage mangrove plant dynamic growths of Avicennia marina to alternately waterflooding
Response characteristic with hypersaline environment.
(9), according to the photosynthetic and fluorescent characteristic data of Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant and the Avicennia marina measured in (7), point
Analysis Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant and the photosynthesis characteristics of Avicennia marina and Chlorophyll Fluorescence are to alternately waterflooding and hypersaline environment
Response characteristic, conclusion is as follows: different time, the Aegiceras corniculatum of different location, autumn eggplant and Avicennia marina are coerced by environment
The degree compeled is different；Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant are affected different with the photosynthesis of Avicennia marina by stomatal conductance, autumn eggplant
Not affected by stomatal conductance, Aegiceras corniculatum and Avicennia marina are affected significantly by stomatal conductance；Autumn, eggplant suitable growth was at tide
In the environment of water change, easily by Salt Strees Condition；Avicennia marina suitable growth is under hypersaline environment, but is easily coerced by moisture
Compel；Aegiceras corniculatum then falls between.
(10), according to long about Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant and the plant height of Avicennia marina, crown diameter, blade in (8)
Degree variation data, analyze Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant and three kinds of mangrove dynamic growths of Avicennia marina to alternately waterflooding and height
The response characteristic of salt environment, obtains as drawn a conclusion: downstream is unfavorable for the growth of autumn eggplant plant height, but to crown diameter
Increase the most favourable；Downstream is unfavorable for the increase of paulownia Aegiceras corniculatum crown diameter, the 1-3 month, and downstream is to Aegiceras corniculatum plant height
Increasing favourable, the 4-6 month, downstream is unfavorable for that plant height increases；Upstream is beneficial to Avicennia marina plant height and length of blade, in
Trip is unfavorable for its hat width diameter, length of blade growth.
(11), about Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant, Avicennia marina, vacant lot, the alluvial of naked underground in basis (4)-(6)
Feature, salinity, acid-base value, ammonium nitrogen, nitrate nitrogen, effective iron, effective manganese, Available cupper, the change of effective zinc
Heteromerism evidence, analyzes three kinds of mangrove soil systems response relation to Wetland Environment, obtains as drawn a conclusion:
The salinity of the soil under Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant, three kinds of mangroves coverings of Avicennia marina is less than under vacant lot and bare area pattern
Soil salinity；Aegiceras corniculatum is low to the interdependency of nitrogen, phosphorus nutrition；The growth of autumn eggplant is limited by nitrogen phosphorus；In vain
Metallic element is absorbed relatively strong by bone earth, and ecological amplitude is narrower；Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant, three kinds of mangroves of Avicennia marina
Soil enzyme activities under plant is different to the sensitiveness of nutrient, and the soil enzyme activities under Aegiceras corniculatum is to nutrition unit
Interdependence is more weak, it is less to be limited by nutrient for element, has eurytopicity；Autumn eggplant relatively adapts in abundant the doing of nitrogen phosphorus
Wet alternate environment, is also adapted to be grown in estuarine wetland bank eutrophication region；Avicennia marina is tighter to moisture requirement
Lattice, Quanzhouwan estuarine wetland subregion changes because of elevation, Avicennia marina generation degradation phenomena.
(12), about Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant, the physiological characteristic of three kinds of mangroves of Avicennia marina in basis (9)-(11)
Response to Wetland Environment, dynamic growth grows the response to Wetland Environment and plant soil system to wetland ring
The response relation in border is Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant, Avicennia marina searching Adaptable growth environment.Wherein, Aegiceras corniculatum is I level
Winter hardy tree species, can become the vanguard tree seed plantation of Quanzhouwan estuarine wetland, suitably tide in Quanzhouwan Luoyang River
Afforest on district, middle low tidal region beach；Autumn eggplant is I level winter hardy tree species, suitably seeks in Quanzhouwan Luoyang River bank richness
Plant on the middle low tide beach in fosterization region, suitably grow in the environment of tidewater changes, but should not be in high salt
Degree, high ph-values beach on afforest, soil siltation volume under autumn eggplant is maximum, the region sensitive to effect of reservoir siltation
Autumn eggplant woods should not be made more；Avicennia marina suitably Quanzhouwan, the hypersaline environment of Luoyang River midtidal region beach on plant.
(13), according to the overall situation tentatively searched out for Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant and Avicennia marina in (12), then
The different little ring of high tidal region, midtidal region and low tidal region under not three different overall situation of upstream, midstream and downstream
Suitable environment is found in border.Utilize PCA, respectively with the soil salt under Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant and Avicennia marina
Degree, acid-base value, Chlorophyll Fluorescence, photosynthesis characteristics, soil ammonium, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, effectively
Iron, effective manganese, Available cupper, effective zinc, urase, phosphatase, catalase, polyphenol oxidase is for passing judgment on
The factor, carries out comprehensive assessment analysis, finds optimal adaptive plant for different subenvironments.Wherein, upstream climax
District and low tidal region suitable planting Aegiceras corniculatum and autumn eggplant, midtidal region suitable planting Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant and Avicennia marina, in
Swim high tidal region and low tidal region suitable planting Aegiceras corniculatum and autumn eggplant, midtidal region suitable planting Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant and bones of the dead
Earth.Downstream high tidal region, midtidal region and three tidal zones of low tidal region only suitable planting Aegiceras corniculatum and autumn eggplant, be unfavorable for white
The growth of bone earth.
(14), combine (12) and the conclusion of (13), consider Aegiceras corniculatum, autumn eggplant and the kind of Avicennia marina
Plant method, planting density, final-period management difference, obtain whole Quanzhouwan estuarine wetland ecology afforestation scheme.On
Trip, midstream and downstream concrete species allocation plan are shown in Table 1 respectively, table 2 and table 3.
Table 1. upstream mangrove allocation plan
Table 2. middle reaches mangrove allocation plan
Table 3. downstream mangrove allocation plan
Claims (9)
1. an estuarine wetland mangrove forest ecological repairs method of forestation, it is characterised in that comprise the following steps:
Step one, the typicalness having according to estuary wetland ecosystem, rarity and fragility and Biodiversity Characteristics widely, estuarine wetland is first divided into three big regions of upstream, midstream and downstream by south-north direction and region area in conjunction with river, marks off climax region, midtidal region territory and zonule, three, low tide region according to the height of tidal level the most successively in three big regions；
nullStep 2，In the territory, different districts of step one，According to the distributed quantity of Different Red tree plant in zonule and distribution area，Filter out zonule advantage mangrove，Soil under covering with selected zonule advantage mangrove is as research object，Select the soil under vacant lot and bare area as comparison simultaneously，Measure each zonule advantage mangrove mulching soil and vacant lot and naked underground alluvial feature as soil physics evaluation index，Measure Soil salinity under each zonule advantage mangrove mulching soil and vacant lot and bare area、Acid-base value、Ammonium nitrogen、Nitrate nitrogen、Available phosphorus、Effectively iron、Effectively manganese、Available cupper、Effectively zinc、Urase、Phosphatase、The temporal change characteristic of polyphenol oxidase and 13 factors of catalase is as soil chemistry evaluation index，Measure that each zonule advantage mangrove is photosynthetic and the temporal change characteristic of chlorophyll fluorescence is as biological characteristic evaluation index；
Step 3, selective advantage mangrove under territory, described different districts, select vacant lot and bare area as comparison simultaneously, the physiological characteristic of the analysis zonule advantage mangrove response to Wetland Environment successively, dynamic growth grows the response to Wetland Environment and the plant soil system response relation to Wetland Environment, finds suitable growing environment for zonule advantage mangrove；
Step 4, the Photosynthetic Characteristics considering zonule advantage mangrove and environmental suitability thereof, growth and environmental suitability, soil alluvial feature, Soil salinity variation characteristic, the spatial and temporal distributions of the soil nutrient elements spatial and temporal distributions with the environmental suitability of plant and soil enzyme and the environmental suitability of plant, find adaptive plant for the high tidal region under the big region that upstream, midstream and downstream three is different, midtidal region and territory, low tidal region different districts；
Step 5, according to the suitable environment filtered out for zonule advantage mangrove in step 3, utilize PCA, cover the salinity of lower soil with territory, different districts advantage mangrove, acid-base value, Chlorophyll Fluorescence, photosynthesis characteristics, soil ammonium, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, effective iron, effective manganese, Available cupper, effectively zinc, urase, phosphatase, catalase, polyphenol oxidase is the Comprehensive Evaluation factor, carries out comprehensive assessment analysis, further for the optimal suitable raw mangrove of territory, different districts screening；
Step 6, according to the suitable environment filtered out for zonule advantage mangrove in step 3, and the adaptive plant determined for different types of zonule in step 4 and step 5, suitable plant is configured for dissimilar zonule, the Specific disposition of binding edge region mangrove, implantation methods, planting density, final-period management growth differences, the comprehensive concrete afforestation technology scheme proposing big regional advantages mangrove, ultimately form the ecological recovery afforestation scheme in whole estuarine wetland region, reach the purpose of restoration of the ecosystem afforestation.
A kind of estuarine wetland mangrove forest ecological the most according to claim 1 repairs method of forestation, it is characterized in that: measure territory, different districts advantage mangrove photosynthesis characteristics and Chlorophyll Fluorescence respectively, as evaluating the zonule advantage mangrove physiology two class indexs to environmental response.
A kind of estuarine wetland mangrove forest ecological the most according to claim 1 repairs method of forestation, it is characterized in that: measure territory, different districts advantage mangrove biomass in different time, plant height, crown diameter, length of blade four-index respectively, and utilize four-index upgrowth situation described in four parameter Logistic equation models, the pattern of growing of dynamic authentication zonule advantage mangrove is carried out according to actual measured value.
A kind of estuarine wetland mangrove forest ecological the most according to claim 1 repairs method of forestation, it is characterized in that: measure the soil under territory, different districts advantage mangrove covers and vacant lot and the spatio-temporal distribution feature of naked underground alluvial, as the index of the soil alluvial feature that Wetland Environment is responded by evaluation zonule advantage mangrove and soil system.
A kind of estuarine wetland mangrove forest ecological the most according to claim 1 repairs method of forestation, it is characterized in that: measure the soil under territory, estuarine wetland different districts advantage mangrove covers and vacant lot and the salinity of bare area soil and the variation characteristic of acid-base value respectively, as the salinity between evaluation region advantage mangrove and soil system, Wetland Environment responded and the index of acid-base value.
A kind of estuarine wetland mangrove forest ecological the most according to claim 1 repairs method of forestation, it is characterized in that: measure the soil under territory, estuarine wetland different districts advantage mangrove covers and vacant lot and the ammonium nitrogen of naked underground, nitrate nitrogen, available phosphorus, effective iron, effective manganese, Available cupper, the spatio-temporal distribution feature of effective zinc micronutrient element respectively, as the nutriment evaluated under Wetland Environment being responded between zonule advantage mangrove and soil system response seven index to Wetland Environment.
A kind of estuarine wetland mangrove forest ecological the most according to claim 1 repairs method of forestation, it is characterized in that: measure the soil under territory, estuarine wetland different districts advantage mangrove covers and vacant lot and the catalase of bare area soil and the spatio-temporal distribution feature of polyphenol oxidase, hydrolase urase and phosphatase respectively, as the soil enzyme evaluated under Wetland Environment is responded by zonule advantage mangrove and the soil system response four-index to Wetland Environment.
A kind of estuarine wetland mangrove forest ecological the most according to claim 1 repairs method of forestation, it is characterized in that: the soil under covering according to territory, different districts advantage mangrove and vacant lot, soil physical chemistry under bare area covering and biological characteristic index, the response to Wetland Environment of the physiological characteristic of comprehensive analysis zonule advantage mangrove, dynamic growth grows the response to Wetland Environment and the plant-soil systems response relation to Wetland Environment, the comprehensive descision zonule advantage mangrove adaptation otherness to estuarine wetland, suitable growing environment is found for zonule advantage mangrove.
A kind of estuarine wetland mangrove forest ecological the most according to claim 1 repairs method of forestation, it is characterized in that: according to Claim 8, filter out the optimal suitable environment of regional advantages mangrove, suitable plant is configured for different types of zonule, Specific disposition in conjunction with zonule advantage mangrove, implantation methods, planting density, final-period management difference, form concrete afforestation technology scheme.
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