CN103997919A

CN103997919A - Smokeless tobacco product comprising tobacco - derived pectin component

Info

Publication number: CN103997919A
Application number: CN201280061314.1A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 陈功; M·E·罗帷特
Original assignee: RJ Reynolds Tobacco Co
Current assignee: RJ Reynolds Tobacco Co
Priority date: 2011-11-18
Filing date: 2012-11-16
Publication date: 2014-08-20
Also published as: EP2779849B1; EP2779849A1; JP2014533505A; JP6324897B2; US20130125904A1; WO2013074903A1

Abstract

A smokeless tobacco composition configured for insertion into the mouth of a user is provided. The smokeless tobacco composition includes a tobacco material and pectin as a binder component. A process for preparing a smokeless tobacco composition configured for insertion into the mouth of a user is also provided. The method involves extracting pectin from a first tobacco material and incorporating it into a formulation comprising a second tobacco material to form a smokeless tobacco product comprising tobacco-derived pectin.

Description

The smokeless tobacco product that comprises pectin fraction

Technical field

Present disclosure relates to the product of making or deriving from tobacco, or otherwise comprises tobacco/and be intended for the product of human consumption.Particularly, present disclosure relates to the composition that comprises tobacco or the preparation that intention is used with smokeless form.

Background technology

Cigarette, cigar and pipe tobacco are the common smoking articles in multi-form use tobacco.Following these smoking articles that use: heating or burning tobacco, to produce the aerosol (as cigarette) that can be sucked by smoker.Can also enjoy tobacco with so-called " smokelessly " form.Insert in user's mouth by the treated tobacco of some forms or containing tobacco preparation, use popular especially smokeless tobacco product.Referring to for example, the U.S. Patent number 1,376,586 of smokeless tobacco preparation type, composition and the processing method set forth in following document: Schwartz; The U.S. Patent number 3,696,917 of Levi; The people's such as Pittman U.S. Patent number 4,513,756; Sensabaugh, the people's such as Jr. U.S. Patent number 4,528,993; The people's such as Story U.S. Patent number 4,624,269; The U.S. Patent number 4,991,599 of Tibbetts; The U.S. Patent number 4,987,907 of Townsend; Sprinkle, the people's such as III U.S. Patent number 5,092,352; The people's such as White U.S. Patent number 5,387,416; The U.S. Patent number 6,668,839 of Williams; The U.S. Patent number 6,834,654 of Williams; The people's such as Atchley U.S. Patent number 6,953,040; The people's such as Atchley U.S. Patent number 7,032,601; U.S. Patent number 7,694,686 with people such as Atchley; The U.S. Patent Publication No. 2004/0020503 of Williams; The people's such as Quinter U.S. Patent Publication No. 2005/0115580; The people's such as Strickland U.S. Patent Publication No. 2005/0244521; The people's such as Strickland U.S. Patent Publication No. 2006/0191548; Holton, the people's such as Jr. U.S. Patent Publication No. 2007/0062549; Holton, the people's such as Jr. U.S. Patent Publication No. 2007/0186941; The people's such as Strickland U.S. Patent Publication No. 2007/0186942; The people's such as Dube U.S. Patent Publication No. 2008/0029110; The people's such as Robinson U.S. Patent Publication No. 2008/0029116; The people's such as Mua U.S. Patent Publication No. 2008/0029117; The people's such as Robinson U.S. Patent Publication No. 2008/0173317; The people's such as Robinson U.S. Patent Publication No. 2008/0173317; The people's such as Engstrom U.S. Patent Publication No. 2008/0196730; The people's such as Neilsen U.S. Patent Publication No. 2008/0209586; The people's such as Crawford U.S. Patent Publication No. 2008/0305216; The people's such as Essen U.S. Patent Publication No. 2009/0065013; The people's such as Kumar U.S. Patent Publication No. 2009/0293889; The people's such as Gao U.S. Patent Publication No. 2010/0291245; U.S. Patent Publication No. 2011/0139164 with people such as Mua; The people's such as Arnarp PCT WO2004/095959 and the WO2010/132444A2 of Atchley, each section in them is incorporated to herein by reference.The exemplary smokeless tobacco product having appeared on the market comprises those that are known as title: CAMEL Snus, CAMEL Orbs, CAMEL Strips and the CAMEL Sticks of R.J.Reynolds Tobacco Company; American Snuff Company, the wet cigarette of GRIZZLY of LLC, KODIAK wet cigarette, LEVI GARRETT pine soot and TAYLOR'S PRIDE pine soot; Swisher International, the wet snuff of KAYAK and the CHATTANOOGA CHEW chewing tobacco of Inc.; The REDMAN chewing tobacco of Pinkerton Tobacco Co.LP; COPENHAGEN Pouches, the SKOAL Bandits of U.S.Smokeless Tobacco Company, the long segment of SKOAL Pouches, RED SEAL and REVEL Mint Tobacco Packs; MARLBORO Snus and Taboka with Philip Morris USA.

Be desirable to provide a kind of tobacco product of pleasant form, such as smokeless tobacco product.

Summary of the invention

Present disclosure relates to and is configured for the smokeless tobacco product that inserts in user's mouth and for the preparation of the method that is suitable for use in the smokeless tobacco composition in smokeless tobacco product.Described smokeless tobacco composition comprises the pectin fraction deriving from tobacco or tobacco-containing material.The derivative pectin material of tobacco can be given different performances to tobacco product, and such performance can be affected by following factor for example: pectin (is for example originated, use which or those parts of tobacco-containing material) selection, for extracting and the technology that separates pectin, and pectin structure have a mind to arbitrarily or change unintentionally.

The derivative pectin of described tobacco can provide different attributes to smokeless tobacco product.For example, described pectin can provide integrality to a certain degree to smokeless tobacco product.In certain embodiments, in use, described smokeless tobacco product can completely or partially be kept together by pectin fraction.In addition, pectin the mixing in smokeless tobacco product that tobacco is derivative, can provide the product with the derivative constituent content of higher tobacco.

In one aspect of the invention, the smokeless tobacco product being configured in the mouth that inserts user is provided, described smokeless tobacco product comprises tobacco-containing material and adhesive component, based on the gross dry weight of smokeless tobacco product, described adhesive component comprises the pectin material derivative at least about the tobacco of the amount of 2 % by weight.In certain embodiments, the derivative pectin material of described tobacco is unique adhesive component wherein.

In certain embodiments, can extrude described smokeless tobacco product.Described smokeless tobacco product can for example be the form of ball, granule, sheet, coin, pearl, avette, oranges and tangerines (obloid), cube, film, thin slice, rod, foam or gel.In certain embodiments, described smokeless tobacco product is soluble.

The amount of the derivative pectin of tobacco can change.For example, in certain embodiments, described smokeless tobacco product comprises the derivative pectin material of tobacco that is greater than the derivative pectin material of the tobacco of approximately 3 % by weight or is greater than approximately 4 % by weight.Other different components can be mixed in smokeless tobacco product of the present invention.For example, in certain embodiments, described smokeless tobacco product further comprises one or more and is selected from following component: flavor enhancement, sweetener, salt, filler, fat, emulsifying agent, gelling agent, disintegration auxiliary agent, compression aid, colouring agent, NMF, pH adjusting agent, buffer, oral care additives, anticorrisive agent, syrup and their mixture.In certain embodiments, described tobacco-containing material is to be the particulate form with the average grain diameter that is less than approximately 50 microns.

In one embodiment, the invention provides a kind of smokeless tobacco product, it comprises: the tobacco-containing material (tobacco-containing material for example, grinding or water-based tobacco extract) of approximately 20 amounts to approximately 50 dry weight %; The derivative pectin material of tobacco of approximately 2 amounts to approximately 10 dry weight %; One or more fillers (for example, the derivative packing material of at least one rice) of approximately 10 amounts to approximately 40 dry weight %; One or more sweeteners (for example, at least one sugar alcohol) of approximately 5 any amount to approximately 15 dry weight %; At least one flavor enhancement of the amount of approximately 5 dry weight % at the most.Described product may further include other adhesive component, such as natural gum.

In another aspect of the present invention, a kind of method of preparing smokeless tobacco product is provided, described method comprises: extract pectin to form the derivative pectin material of tobacco from the first tobacco-containing material; Pectin material derivative described tobacco and the second tobacco-containing material are combined to form smokeless tobacco composition; With (for example the composition obtaining is mixed in smokeless tobacco product, by making described composition form the shape of product of expecting, such as by extruding), the derivative pectin material of wherein said tobacco exists with the amount at least about 2 dry weight % of described smokeless tobacco product.In certain embodiments, the derivative pectin material of described tobacco exists with the amount at least about 4 dry weight % at least about 3 dry weight % or described smokeless tobacco product of described smokeless tobacco product.

In certain embodiments, described extraction step carries out with the aqueous solution.In certain embodiments, the described aqueous solution comprises one or more and is selected from following component: surfactant, cosolvent, enzyme and pH adjusting agent.In certain embodiments, described extraction step comprises: by the tobacco-containing material of baking and the aqueous solution of oxalic acid and/or ammonium oxalate, and collect aqueous extract.In certain embodiments, described extraction step further comprises: the second solvent is joined in described aqueous extract to realize the precipitation of pectin material, and the pectin material of collecting precipitation.In certain embodiments, described method further comprises: before described extraction step, with pectin release-agent-treated the first tobacco-containing material.

In certain embodiments, described the first tobacco-containing material comprises tobacco stem, tobacco sheet or their combination.In certain embodiments, described the first tobacco-containing material is the tobacco-containing material of baking.

In another aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of for extracting the method for pectin.In certain embodiments, described method comprises: by the first tobacco-containing material of baking and the aqueous solution of oxalic acid and/or ammonium oxalate, and collect aqueous extract.In certain embodiments, described method further comprises: the pectin of extraction and the second tobacco-containing material are combined to produce smokeless tobacco product.

Detailed description of the invention

Present disclosure will more fully be described now hereinafter.Present disclosure can be specialized in many different forms, and should not be construed as and be limited to herein the aspect of setting forth; On the contrary, provide these aspects, made present disclosure to meet applicable legal requiremnt.As used in this description and claim, singulative " ", " one " and " described " comprise plural indicant, unless context clearly indicates in addition.

In different embodiments, the present invention can provide and be suitable for the smokeless tobacco composition that oral cavity is used.Described smokeless tobacco composition generally includes tobacco-containing material, one or more pectin fractions and optional one or more other component as described herein.In certain embodiments, at least one pectin fraction is derived from tobacco.

Nicotiana kind (Nicotiana species) plant that the product of present disclosure comprises certain form, and most preferably, the tobacco that those compositions or product comprise certain form.The selection of Nicotiana kind can change; And particularly, the selection of the type of one or more tobaccos can change.The tobacco that can adopt comprises: the tobacco of flue baking or Virginia are (for example, K326), burley, the tobacco of drying (for example, India Kurnool and Oriental tobacco, comprise Katerini, Prelip, Komotini, Xanthi and Yambol tobacco), Maryland tobacco, dark tobacco, dark naked light tobacco, dark air-dry tobacco (for example, Passanda, Cubano, Jatin and Bezuki tobacco), the air-dry tobacco of light breeze (for example, North Wisconsin and Galpao tobacco), the tobacco that India is air-dry, Red Russian tobacco and Rustica tobacco and various other rare or special tobacco.At Tobacco Production, Chemistry and Technology, in the people such as Davis (volume) (1999) (it is incorporated to herein by reference), set forth the description of dissimilar tobacco, cultivation practices and results practice.From various representational other vegetation type of tobacco seed referring to Goodspeed, The Genus Nicotiana, (Chonica Botanica) (1954); Sensabaugh, the people's such as Jr. U.S. Patent number 4,660,577; The people's such as White U.S. Patent number 5,387,416, and the people's such as Lawson U.S. Patent number 7,025,066; Lawrence, the U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2006/0037623 of Jr., and the people's such as Marshall U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2008/0245377; Each section in them is incorporated to herein by reference.Exemplary tobacco seed comprises: safflower tobacco (N.tabacum), makhorka (N.rustica), Henbane (N.alata), N.arentsii, N.excelsior, Fu Erjiteshi tobacco (N.forgetiana), powder blue smoke grass (N.glauca), sticky tobacco (N.glutinosa), brother Xi Shi tobacco (N.gossei), slips card Michaelis tobacco (N.kawakamii), Nai Teshi tobacco (N.knightiana), Lang Shi tobacco (N.langsdorffi), ear shape tobacco (N.otophora), Sai Teshi tobacco (N.setchelli), woods tobacco (N.sylvestris), fine hair tobacco (N.tomentosa), fine hair shape tobacco (N.tomentosiformis), ripple leaf tobacco (N.undulata), Henbane (N.x sanderae), Africa tobacco (N.africana, ), embrace stem tobacco (N.amplexicaulis), Bei Namoteshi tobacco (N.benavidesii), rich tobacco (N.bonariensis) inside, Di Bonashi tobacco (N.debneyi), long luxuriant tobacco (N.longiflora), beach tobacco (N.maritina), especially big pipe tobacco (N.megalosiphon), west tobacco (N.occidentalis), circular cone tobacco (N.paniculata), blue arabian jasmine leaf tobacco (N.plumbaginifolia), Lei Mengdeshi tobacco (N.raimondii), lotus sits leaf tobacco (N.rosulata), intend like tobacco (N.simulans), stoke Tong Shi tobacco (N.stocktonii), fragrant and sweet tobacco (N.suaveolens), bright (N.umbratica), a mao tobacco (N.velutina) quivers, parsley tobacco (N.wigandioides), acaulescence tobacco (N.acaulis), acuminate tobacco (N.acuminata), gradually narrow leaf tobacco (N.attenuata), Ben Saimushi tobacco (N.benthamiana), hole uncured tobacco (N.cavicola), Ke Lifulanshi tobacco (N.clevelandii), lobus cardiacus tobacco (N.cordifolia), umbrella bed tobacco (N.corymbosa), cigarette grass (N.fragrans), Gu Tesi Bi Shi tobacco (N.goodspeedii), narrow leaf tobacco (N.linearis), Mo Xishi tobacco (N.miersii), naked stem tobacco (N.nudicaulis), Ou Butesi tobacco (N.obtusifolia), thrips cigarette Hersperis subspecies (N.occidentalis subsp.Hersperis), few Henbane (N.pauciflora), petunia shape tobacco (N.petunioides), Kua Deruiwushi tobacco (N.quadrivalvis), residual wave tobacco (N.repanda), roundleaf tobacco (N.rotundifolia), eggplant tobacco (N.solanifolia) and Si Peigeci tobacco (N.spegazzinii).

Use genetic modification or crossbreeding technology, can derive Nicotiana kind (for example, can carry out genetically engineered or crossbreeding to tobacco plant, to increase or to reduce the generation of component, proterties or feature).Referring to, for example, the type of the genetic modification of the plant of setting forth in following document: the people's such as Fitzmaurice U.S. Patent number 5,539,093; The people's such as Wahab U.S. Patent number 5,668,295; The people's such as Fitzmaurice U.S. Patent number 5,705,624; The U.S. Patent number 5,844,119 of Weigl; The people's such as Dominguez U.S. Patent number 6,730,832; The people's such as Liu U.S. Patent number 7,173,170; The people's such as Colliver U.S. Patent number 7,208,659, and the people's such as Benning U.S. Patent number 7,230,160; The people's such as Conkling U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2006/0236434; PCT WO2008/103935 with people such as Nielsen.

With regard to the preparation of tobacco product smokeless and that can aspirate, conventionally the Nicotiana Plants of results is carried out to drying technics.For the description of the dissimilar drying technics of dissimilar tobacco, referring to: Tobacco Production, Chemistry and Technology, the people such as Davis (volume) (1999).For the example technique of the tobacco of drying flue baking and condition referring to people such as Nestor, Beitrage Tabakforsch.Int., the U.S. Patent number 6,895,974 of 20,467-475 (2003) and Peele, they are incorporated to this paper by reference.Dry the representative art of tobacco and condition referring to the people's such as Groves U.S. Patent number 7,650,892; The people such as Roton, Beitrage Tabakforsch.Int., the people such as 21,305-320 (2005) and Staaf, Beitrage Tabakforsch.Int., 21,321-330 (2005), they are incorporated to herein by reference.Can carry out to the tobacco of some type the drying technics of alternative type, bake or dry such as fire.Preferably, the tobacco of aging drying results then.Like this, most preferably comprise drying and aging tobacco ingredient for the preparation of the tobacco of tobacco compositions or product.Can before using, carry out other processing, such as fermentation, bleaching etc. to the tobacco-containing material using in the present invention.

At least a portion (for example, at least a portion of tobacco parts) of the plant of Nicotiana kind can be used with prematurity form.That is to say, can be before reaching and it has been generally acknowledged that ripe or overdue stage, at least a portion of results plant or plant.Like this, for example, when tobacco plant is in the time sprouting, while starting to form leaf, while starting to bloom etc., can gather in the crops tobacco.

At least a portion (for example, at least a portion of tobacco parts) of the plant of Nicotiana kind can be used with mature form.That is to say, think traditionally ripe, overdone or overdue point when at least a portion of plant or plant reaches, gather in the crops described plant (or plant part).Like this, for example, by using the conventional tobacco results technology of farmer, can gather in the crops spices tobacco plant, can gather in the crops burley plant, maybe can gather in the crops Virginia tobacco leaf, or gather in the crops (prime) according to genius loci (stalk position).

After results, Nicotiana Plants or its part can be used with blue or green form (for example, tobacco can be used not through any bake process in the situation that).For example, can carry out freezing, irradiation, yellow, dry, the cooking (for example, roasting, fried or boil) to the tobacco of blue or green form, or otherwise store or process, for later use.Also can make such tobacco in aging condition.But, as noted above, according to the present invention preferably, by tobacco roasting and aging.

Can pack and dry tobacco-containing material, then grind to form the form of expectation.For example, in some cases, can for example, with such as sugar (containing, fructose, dextrose plus saccharose), wetting agent (for example, glycerine and propane diols), for example, described in the water-based outer cover packaging of the component such as flavoring ingredients (, cocoa power and Radix Glycyrrhizae) tobacco-containing material preparation.Nonaqueous packing composition can be put on to tobacco with the amount of approximately 1% to approximately 15% (based on the dry weight of tobacco).

Conventionally use described tobacco-containing material with the form that can be described to particulate (, particle, abrasive grains, granulated form or powder type).The mode that is used for the tobacco-containing material that form fine crushing or powder type is provided can change.Preferably, use for grinding, equipment and the technology of pulverizing etc., plant piece or sheet pulverizing, grinding or powder are changed into particulate form.Most preferably, vegetable material is the form of relatively dry grinding or pulverize in (using equipment such as hammer-mill, cutterhead, air conditioning grinder) process.For example, in the time that the water content of tobacco block or sheet is less than approximately 15 % by weight or be less than approximately 5 % by weight, can it be ground or be milled.Most preferably, to there is the piece of particle mean size or the form of the sheet use tobacco-containing material that are less than approximately 50 microns.In one embodiment, the particle mean size of described tobacco particle can be less than or equal to approximately 25 microns.In some cases, can regulate the size of described tobacco particle to pass sieve aperture.If necessary, can guarantee with air current classifying equipment, can collect the undersized tobacco particle with desired size or size range.If necessary, can be by admixed together the granulation tobacco block of different sizes.

At least a portion (for example, tobacco ingredient) of the tobacco-containing material adopting in described tobacco compositions or product can have the form of extract.The solvent (such as distilled water or running water) by use with aqueous nature extracts tobacco, can obtain tobacco extract.Like this, extract tobacco by water, water-based tobacco extract can be provided, so that water-insoluble pulp material separates with the tobacco ingredient that is dispersed in water miscible and water dispersible wherein with aqueous solvent and dissolving.Can use in a variety of forms tobacco extract.For example, water-based tobacco extract can be separated into the form that does not basically contain solvent, uses spraying result dry or freeze drying or other similar type procedure of processing to obtain such as can be used as.Alternatively, water-based tobacco extract can adopt liquid form, and like this, the amount of the solvent that is used for extracting by selection, by removing solvent concentrated liquid tobacco extract, by adding solvent with diluent liquid tobacco extract or similar approach, can control the content of the tobacco DDGS in liquid flux.Be described in the U.S. Patent number 4,144,895 of following document: Fiore for extracting the example technique of tobacco ingredient; Osborne, the people's such as Jr. U.S. Patent number 4,150,677; The U.S. Patent number 4,267,847 of Reid; The people's such as Wildman U.S. Patent number 4,289,147; The people's such as Brummer U.S. Patent number 4,351,346; The people's such as Brummer U.S. Patent number 4,359,059; The U.S. Patent number 4,506,682 of Muller; The U.S. Patent number 4,589,428 of Keritsis; The people's such as Soga U.S. Patent number 4,605,016; The people's such as Poulose U.S. Patent number 4,716,911; Niven, the people's such as Jr. U.S. Patent number 4,727,889; The people's such as Bernasek U.S. Patent number 4,887,618; The people's such as Clapp U.S. Patent number 4,941,484; The people's such as Fagg U.S. Patent number 4,967,771; The people's such as Roberts U.S. Patent number 4,986,286; The people's such as Fagg U.S. Patent number 5,005,593; The people's such as Grubbs U.S. Patent number 5,018,540; The people's such as White U.S. Patent number 5,060,669; The U.S. Patent number 5,065,775 of Fagg; The people's such as White U.S. Patent number 5,074,319; The people's such as White U.S. Patent number 5,099,862; The people's such as White U.S. Patent number 5,121,757; The U.S. Patent number 5,131,414 of Fagg; The people's such as Munoz U.S. Patent number 5,131,415; The U.S. Patent number 5,148,819 of Fagg; The U.S. Patent number 5,197,494 of Kramer; The people's such as Smith U.S. Patent number 5,230,354; The U.S. Patent number 5,234,008 of Fagg; The U.S. Patent number 5,243,999 of Smith; The people's such as Raymond U.S. Patent number 5,301,694; The people's such as Gonzalez-Parra U.S. Patent number 5,318,050; The U.S. Patent number 5,343,879 of Teague; The U.S. Patent number 5,360,022 of Newton; The people's such as Clapp U.S. Patent number 5,435,325; The people's such as Brinkley U.S. Patent number 5,445,169; The U.S. Patent number 6,131,584 of Lauterbach; The people's such as Turpen U.S. Patent number 6,284,875; The people's such as Kierulff U.S. Patent number 6,298,859; The people's such as Mua U.S. Patent number 6,772,767; The people's such as Berit U.S. Patent number 6,817,970; The people's such as Bratcher U.S. Patent number 6,906,172; The people's such as Turpen U.S. Patent number 7,034,128; The people's such as Bratcher U.S. Patent number 7,048,211; With the U.S. Patent number 7,337,782 of Thompson, they are all incorporated to herein by reference.

The relative quantity of the tobacco-containing material in described smokeless tobacco composition can change.Preferably, the amount of the tobacco-containing material in described smokeless tobacco composition is at least about 10% or at least about 20%, based on the dry weight of described composition, and comprises all tobaccos source, comprises that the derivative component of tobacco ingredient and any tobacco is such as adhesive.In some cases, the amount of other component in described smokeless tobacco composition can exceed approximately 40% (based on dry weight).The typical range of the tobacco-containing material preparation in described smokeless tobacco composition is that approximately 20 dry weight % are to approximately 50 dry weight %.In certain embodiments, in tobacco-containing material being mixed according to smokeless tobacco product of the present invention before, can carry out Re Fa or Convective Heating to described tobacco-containing material, to control its water content.As a specific embodiment, can, the temperature of approximately 40 DEG C to approximately 95 DEG C, in warm braw, tobacco-containing material preparation be dried, keep the time span of the water content that suitably reaches expectation.For example, tobacco-containing material preparation can be dried to approximately 12 hours to approximately 24 hours at approximately 54 DEG C to approximately 60 DEG C.

In some cases, before preparing tobacco-containing material preparation, can carry out irradiation to tobacco block or sheet, or these pieces or sheet are carried out to pasteurization, or otherwise carry out controlled heat treatment.In addition, if necessary, after all or part of tobacco-containing material preparation of preparation, can carry out irradiation to component material, or those component materials are carried out to pasteurization, or otherwise carry out controlled heat treatment.For example, can prepare tobacco-containing material preparation, then irradiation or pasteurization, then apply flavoring ingredients to said preparation.Representational method is referring to the people's such as Mua U.S. Patent Publication No. 2009/0025738; The people's such as Brinkley U.S. Patent Publication No. 2009/0025739; With the people's such as Beeson U.S. Patent Publication No. 2011/0247640, they are incorporated to herein by reference.

Except aforementioned tobacco ingredient, smokeless tobacco product of the present invention comprises the adhesive component that comprises pectin.Conventionally, term " pectin " represents one group of complicated polysaccharide of the α-D-galactosyl uronic acid residue that mainly comprises Isosorbide-5-Nitrae-connection.Conventionally, pectin comprises the such subunit at least about 65%.The acid groups being present on these residues can be free acid, and it is combined as methyl esters, or is salt form (for example,, as sodium, potassium, calcium or ammonium salt).The molecular weight of pectin can change; For example, number average molecular weight can be about 60Da to approximately 13,0000Da, and can change based on origin and extraction conditions.

Some pectin polysaccharide comprises polygalacturonic acid (comprising linear galacturonic acid subunit), rhamnose polygalacturonic acid I (RG1, comprise rhamnose and galacturonic acid subunit alternately) and rhamnose polygalacturonic acid II (RG2, a kind of polysaccharide of high branching of complexity).Pectin often characterizes in its mode in " crinosity " and " smooth " region.The crinosity region of pectin is the very soft part of this molecule, and its this part can comprise many neutral sugar molecules that are high branched structure, such as rhamnose, galactolipin, arabinose and/or other sugar.The smooth domain of pectin is the part that mainly comprises high galacturonic acid of this molecule.

Pectin exists in most plants, for example, and in cell membrane (herein, pectin serves as adhesive so that cell membrane is kept together).Amount and the feature of the pectin in different plants can marked changes.In addition,, even in identical plant, can show different features from the pectin of the different tissues of plant and the pectin that is present in the plant of different developmental phases.For example, the degree of the arrangement of different monosaccharide derivatives unit and amount, esterification and the polymer length of heteroglycan can marked changes.

The structure of the pectin in given pectin sample and feature can depend on extracting method.For example, the pectin extraction of business often causes the extensive degraded of the sugary side chain of neutrality of polysaccharide.In other words, most of extracting methods can cause the destruction in many crinosity region of pectin, mainly remaining smooth galacturonic acid region, and only several neutral sugars unit is attached to main straight chain and/or is attached in main straight chain.Aspect these positions on character and pectin chain, remaining neutral sugar unit, can change, and can affect the performance of pectin.

Given pectin sample can comprise pectin derivative to a certain degree.Such pectin derivative can naturally be present in pectin sample, or in some way processing sample to promote the formation of one or more pectin derivatives.Pectin derivative is including, but not limited to the pectin of protopectin, pectinic acid, esterification, and wherein one or more hydroxy-acid groups are methylated, pectin salt and/or pectic acid.Esterification is common, and the degree of esterification has determined pectin or derivatives thereof and calcium and other cationic reactive degree conventionally.The pectin just having extracted has the esterification acidic functionality that is greater than approximately 50% conventionally, and is therefore sometimes classified as " high methyl esters (HM) pectin ".The improvement (for example, the hydrolysis of prolongation) of extracting method or continuation acid treatment produce " low methyl esters (LM) pectin " conventionally, and it has the methyl esters group that is less than approximately 50%.In certain embodiments, extract with separate the process of pectin in and/or after, can process pectin, to change the degree of esterification.For example, in certain embodiments, carry out controlled the removing (, deesterify) of methoxyl group, so that HM pectin is changed into LM pectin.This conversion can for example complete with pectin methylesterase and/or via long-term hydrolysis.In preparation process with some pectin of ammonia treatment to produce amidated pectin.Some pectin are partially or even wholly transformed salify (for example,, by changing the carboxyl of D-galactopyranose base uronic acid residue).

According to the present invention, smokeless tobacco product can advantageously comprise the pectin deriving from tobacco.Term used herein " pectin that tobacco is derivative " represents the pectin material from tobacco plant or its extracting section or separation, and such material is understood to regard to pectin, to have variable purity level, and therefore, can comprise other component of extracting or separate from tobacco except pectin.The method that derives pectin from tobacco-containing material can change.Described pectin can for example, derived from any part of tobacco plant or its part (, leaf, seed, flower, stalk, root and/or stem).Although tobacco-containing material can change, in certain embodiments, described pectin is derived from tobacco sheet and/or stem.The pectin that derives from the different parts of tobacco plant can keep separating, or derive from the pectin of the different parts in tobacco plant can be combined according to the invention and processing and/or combine use.In certain embodiments, by tobacco-containing material baking, then carry out the process from wherein separating pectin.

Advantageously, thus process tobacco for example, provide wherein contained pectin with more useful (, more concentrated) form.Use the method for any appropriate, can from tobacco or tobacco-containing material, isolate pectin.Conventionally, first use one or more extracting methods that pectin is separated in extraction solvent.For example, in certain embodiments, first extracted tobacco or tobacco-containing material (for example, the aqueous solution of water or one or more reagent).The temperature of water and tobacco or tobacco-containing material keep the time contacting with water to change.In certain embodiments, heat described mixture.For example, it can be heated to approximately 50 DEG C, approximately 75 DEG C or approximately 100 DEG C.In certain embodiments, stir described mixture.The pH of described solution can change, but in certain embodiments, described extraction solvent is acid.

Different reagent can be joined and extract in solvent.In certain embodiments, add processing aid to promote extraction.Processing aid is to promote pectin to any agent of extracting the extraction in solvent.For example, suitable processing aid is including, but not limited to inorganic acid and enzyme.The processing aid of selecting can affect the structure of pectin; For example, the application of enzyme can produce shorter side chain section conventionally.Can in extracting method, use other different additives, including, but not limited to surfactant and cosolvent.In certain embodiments, oxalic acid and/or ammonium oxalate (, oxalic acid or its salt) are joined in described mixture.As noted above, extraction conditions keeps the amount of the time contacting with extraction solvent can affect the performance (for example, the degree of esterification) of pectin with tobacco.

After leaching process, conventionally separate remaining solid, and clarify the solution obtaining.Solid can pass through the whole bag of tricks (for example, filter and comprise ultrafiltration, centrifugal and/or distillation) as described herein with separating of solution with clarification to be completed, to obtain extract.In certain embodiments, carry out multiple clarification steps.In certain embodiments, the mixture of concentrated described extraction.Concentrated can carrying out before or after separating solids, but conventionally after separating solids, carry out.

Conventionally further process described extract, so that pectin and further separation of other compound being present in extract.In certain embodiments, can make pectin from being precipitated out through the solution of clarification.For example, can make a kind of mode of pectin precipitation be, by concentrated solution and reagent mix, with precipitated pectin, described reagent for example, including, but not limited to alcohol (, ethanol and/or isopropyl alcohol), the solution that contains albumen and/or the solution that contains detergent.In the situation that pectin sample is completely or partially changed into one or more pectin derivatives, described derivative can be easily from being precipitated out through the solution of clarification, without adding any reagent, maybe may need to add one or more reagent to guarantee pectin and the precipitation that may be present in the various pectin derivatives in given sample.Described precipitation can be carried out at low temperature.For example, described mixture can be cooled to approximately 0 DEG C (for example, approximately 5 DEG C), to promote the precipitation of pectin.Then make the solid sediment obtaining separate (for example,, by filtration or centrifugal) with solution.Then conventionally wash and dry sediment.

The purity of the derivative pectin of tobacco can change, although preferably relatively high.The purity of mentioning in this article represents the content of pectin and pectin derivative as above.For example, the derivative pectin sample of tobacco is normally pure, pure, pure, pure, pure, pure, pure, pure or pure at least about 99% at least about 98% at least about 95% at least about 90% at least about 85% at least about 80% at least about 70% at least about 60% at least about 50%.In certain embodiments, described pectin comprises and is less than the derivative material of approximately 20% non-tobacco, is less than the derivative material of approximately 15% non-tobacco, is less than the derivative material of approximately 10% non-tobacco, is less than the derivative material of approximately 5% non-tobacco, is less than the derivative material of approximately 2% non-tobacco, is less than the derivative material of approximately 1% non-tobacco or is less than approximately 0.5% the derivative material of non-tobacco.

In certain embodiments, can add different reagent to change pectin in some stage of extraction and/or separation process.As noted above, the invention is intended to not only cover separation and the application of the pure pectin deriving from tobacco, and cover the pectin derivative of producing natively or synthetically thus.For example, can be with the above-mentioned sediment that contains pectin of solvent wash saliferous or that contain alkali, so that pectin is partially or even wholly changed into salt form.In certain embodiments, with sediment described in ammonia treatment to produce amidated pectin to a certain degree.

Can utilize according to the present invention from other method of tobacco or tobacco-containing material extraction pectin.For example, the people such as Zhao, at Modern Agric.Sci.Tech., have reported the method for extracting pectin from tobacco stem in 2010-01 (it is incorporated to herein by reference).The people such as Rao are at Guangzhou Chem.; In 2009-01 (it is also incorporated to herein by reference), emphasize other extracting method.Can be referring to for other method of extracting pectin, for example, the U.S. Patent number 3,353,541 and 3,420,241 of Hind and Seligman; The U.S. Patent number 3,760,815 of Deszyck, and the people's such as Keritsis U.S. Patent number 4,674,519, and the U.S. Patent Application Publication No. 2011/0061666 of Dube, they are all incorporated to herein by reference.In certain embodiments, as the people's such as the Morton submitting on March 25th, 2011 U.S. Patent Application Serial 13/072,019 (its be incorporated to by reference herein) institute extraction pectin with instructing, wherein extract pectin by means of pectin extraction equipment, (for example wherein make dry plant slurry component and Extraction buffer, the solution of approximately 10% acetic acid and about 10mM ethylenediamine tetra-acetic acid (EDTA)) contact, and by adding ethanol to carry out the extract of precipitate and separate.In certain embodiments, in the solution regulating at alkaline pH at the high temperature with respect to environment, boiling tobacco fine powder is to discharge pectin, and described pectin can separate according to the present invention and/or use subsequently.Such processing also can provide desirable sensory attribute to tobacco-containing material.Referring to, for example, the people's such as Young U.S. Patent number 5,099,864; The people's such as Young U.S. Patent number 5,339,838; With the people's such as Young U.S. Patent number 5,501,237, they are incorporated to herein by reference.

In certain embodiments, before extracting, process tobacco or tobacco-containing material (for example, tobacco chippings, chip, powder or particulate), to realize the release of pectin.Instruct as the U.S. Patent number 3,746,012 of Desczyk (its be incorporated to by reference herein), the pectin in tobacco often comprises protopectin, the partly esterification and calcium acetylizad polymer and the magnesium salts that comprise galacturonic acid.Therefore, may be desirable, with reagent (such as alkali carbonate), with chelating agent (for example, EDTA) or with sour (for example, HCl, phosphoric acid) process such material, the crosslinked and release tobacco pectin with the protopectin that ruptures.Method of the present invention is also intended to comprise other pectin releasing agent.For example, have been noted that a small amount of diammonium hydrogen phosphate (DAP) is effectively, and conventionally can not affect pectin in any significant mode.

From tobacco or tobacco-containing material derives and the form of the pectin that uses smokeless tobacco product can change.In certain embodiments, directly use the derivative pectin of tobacco with the drying solid form of producing by extracting method.In other embodiments, by described dry solid abrasive powdered or the particle of different-grain diameter.In the time providing with powder or particle form, the part of average grain diameter or the form of fragment that are conventionally less than approximately 50 microns to have adopt pectin fraction.According to some aspect, the average grain diameter of pectin fraction can be approximately 25 microns or less.In certain embodiments, in solution, use pectin.In certain embodiments, pectin fraction is mixed with one or more other components of smokeless tobacco product, then with remaining composition combination, to form smokeless tobacco product of the present invention.

The derivative pectin of described tobacco can provide different functions in smokeless tobacco product of the present invention.Pectin is often used as gelling agent, thereby can in smokeless tobacco product, carry out thickening, bonding and/or stabilization function.For example, the derivative pectin of described tobacco can serve as adhesive.Adhesive works to help to maintain form and/or the structure of material conventionally.In certain embodiments, adhesive can help to promote the form containing the product formation expectation of tobacco.In certain embodiments, it provides the structural intergrity of certain level can to the product forming.The derivative pectin of described tobacco can add outside one or more other adhesives, or can be used as unique adhesive.In certain embodiments, it can be as the adhesive of some reconstruct tobacco compositions.

Notice in this article, different tobacco compositions has the pectin (comprising the pectin that tobacco is derivative) mixing.For example, can mix pectin as the adhesive in insulating materials, described insulating materials is used for the fuel element of the smoking product with conductibility aerosol chamber, as the U.S. Patent number 5 people such as Banerjee, described in 105,831 (they are incorporated to herein by reference).Develop the different reconstruct tobacco-containing materials that contains pectin, and be for example described in, the U.S. Patent number 3,386,449 of Hind; The people's such as Hind U.S. Patent number 3,420,241; The people's such as Hind U.S. Patent number 3,529,602; The people's such as Hind U.S. Patent number 3,353,541; The U.S. Patent number 3,760,815 of Deszyck; The U.S. Patent number 4,674,519 of Keritsis; In the people's such as Young U.S. Patent number 5,099,864, U.S. Patent number 5,339,838 and U.S. Patent number 5,501,237, they are incorporated to herein by reference.Pectin can also be as the source of dietary fiber.

In certain embodiments, the derivative pectin of tobacco provided herein is enough to realize the expectation function of the adhesive in smokeless tobacco product.For example, the derivative pectin of described tobacco can and preferably be enough to the tobacco compositions that provides bonding.For example, the derivative pectin of described tobacco can work the function that smokeless tobacco product is in use kept together.In certain embodiments, the derivative pectin of described tobacco can provide structural intergrity to a certain degree in solid tobacco compositions.In the smokeless tobacco composition based on film, the derivative pectin of described tobacco can provide film forming ability or the control of certain level.But, in certain embodiments, can add one or more other adhesives according to the present invention (for example, the adhesive of PVP, carmethose and other modified fibre matter type, sodium alginate, xanthans, adhesive based on starch, gum arabic, gellan gum, lecithin etc.), so that the product feature of expectation to be provided.The application of natural tobacco pectin can work to reduce the auxiliary sheet of expecting or the required other natural gum/hydrocolloid of film tensile strength properties, the amount of adhesive cellulose-derived or based on starch.

The derivative pectin adhesive (or combination of adhesive) of described tobacco can be to be enough to providing the physical attribute of expectation and the amount of physical integrity to use to smokeless tobacco composition.For example, based on the gross dry weight of smokeless tobacco composition or product, described smokeless tobacco composition can comprise and be greater than approximately 1%, be greater than approximately 2%, be greater than approximately 3%, be greater than approximately 4%, be greater than approximately 5%, be greater than approximately 6%, be greater than approximately 7%, be greater than approximately 8%, be greater than approximately 9% or be greater than approximately 10% the derivative pectin of tobacco.The representative amount of adhesive can be approximately 1% to the derivative pectin of approximately 25% tobacco (by the gross dry weight of smokeless tobacco product) or approximately 2% to the derivative pectin of approximately 20% tobacco (by the gross dry weight of smokeless tobacco product) or approximately 3% to the derivative pectin of approximately 10% tobacco (by the gross dry weight of smokeless tobacco product).Preferably, the total amount of the adhesive in described composition be no more than described composition gross dry weight approximately 45%.The amount of the adhesive in desirable composition is often no more than approximately 40%, and be usually no more than described composition gross dry weight approximately 35%, approximately 25%, approximately 15% or approximately 10%.Described smokeless tobacco product can comprise, for example, and the derivative pectin of tobacco of approximately 1 % by weight, approximately 2 % by weight, approximately 3 % by weight, approximately 4 % by weight, approximately 5 % by weight, approximately 6 % by weight, approximately 7 % by weight, approximately 8 % by weight, approximately 9 % by weight or approximately 10 % by weight.

In certain embodiments, for smokeless tobacco product of the present invention in the situation that, described one or more other adhesives comprise natural gum.Natural gum used herein represents, can be used as the polysaccharide material of the natural origin of thickener or gelling agent.The representative natural gum (it is water miscible conventionally to a certain extent) going out from plant derivation comprises xanthans, guar gum, gum arabic, Indian gum, gum tragacanth, karaya, locust bean gum, gellan gum and their combination.

The application of the derivative pectin of tobacco can provide the smokeless tobacco product with the derivative component of the tobacco of higher degree.In certain embodiments, in smokeless tobacco product, substitute with the derivative pectin of tobacco and/or supplementary conventional adhesive can provide different features to described smokeless tobacco product, some improvement wherein surpass those features of the smokeless tobacco product that adopts conventional adhesive.For example, in certain embodiments, adopt the smokeless tobacco product of the derivative pectin of tobacco to show than the rigidity that adopts the smokeless tobacco product of conventional adhesive to increase.The rigidity that can quantitatively increase in certain embodiments.But, in certain embodiments, evaluate simply the rigidity of increase by the sensation (for example,, by attempting bending/bending product) of product.In certain embodiments, compared with adopting the smokeless tobacco product of conventional adhesive, adopt the smokeless tobacco product of the derivative pectin of tobacco to show the adhesivity reducing.In certain embodiments, quantitative reducing of adhesivity.In certain embodiments, by product feel evaluate simply reducing of adhesivity.In some specific embodiments, comprise the derivative pectin of tobacco and show the rigidity of increase and/or the adhesivity reducing as the smokeless tobacco product of adhesive (instead of the pulullan polysaccharide adhesive being obtained commercially).What in the people's such as such as Borschke U.S. Patent Publication No. 2007/0137668 (it is incorporated to herein by reference), discussed pulullan polysaccharide in more detail and comprised pulullan polysaccharide can draw product.

Can, with any-mode combination tobacco-containing material known in the art and the derivative pectin adhesive of tobacco, use conventional mixing apparatus by admixed together simply 2 kinds of components such as passing through.Can also processing together with other material or composition, fusion, preparation, combination and smoking mixture material and the derivative pectin composition of tobacco.Referring to, for example, at Holton, combination, those components and the composition that waits those representative component of setting forth in people's U.S. Patent Publication No. 2007/0062549 and 2007/0186941 (each section in them is incorporated to herein by reference), component is with respect to the relative quantity of tobacco and use mode and the method for those components.

Described other composition can be manual member, or can or biogenicly obtain or derive from herbal medicine.Exemplary component type comprises: salt (for example, sodium chloride, potassium chloride, natrium citricum, potassium citrate, sodium acetate, potassium acetate etc.), natural sweetener (for example, fructose, sucrose, glucose, maltose, vanillic aldehyde, ethyl vanillin glucoside, mannose, galactolipin, lactose etc.), artificial sweetening agent (for example, Sucralose, asccharin, Aspartame, acesulfame potassium, knob is sweet etc.), organic and inorganic filler (for example, particulate, process particulate, loose particulate, maltodextrin, dextrose, calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, cornstarch, lactose, sugar alcohol is (such as isomalt, sweet mellow wine, xylitol or sorbierite), the cellulose of fine crushing, vegetable protein etc.), gelling agent (for example, isinglass), pH adjusting agent or buffer (for example, metal hydroxides, preferred alkali metal hydroxide, as NaOH and potassium hydroxide, with other alkali metal buffer as metal carbonate, preferably potash or sodium carbonate, or alkali metal bicarbonate salt is as sodium acid carbonate etc.), emulsifying agent, colouring agent (for example, dyestuff and pigment, comprise burnt sugar coloring, titanium dioxide etc.), wetting agent (for example, glycerine, propane diols etc.), oral care additives (for example, thyme linaloe oil, eucalyptus oil and zinc), anticorrisive agent (for example, potassium sorbate etc.), syrup (for example, honey, high-fructose corn syrup etc.), disintegration or compression aid (for example, microcrystalline cellulose, Ac-Di-Sol, Crospovidone, primojel, pregelatinized cornstarch etc.), flavor enhancement and seasoning mixture, antioxidant and their mixture.The additive of exemplary types can be included in those that describe in the people's such as such as Gao U.S. Patent Publication No. 2010/0291245, and this patent is incorporated to by reference above herein.

The sweetener component of smokeless tobacco product of the present invention can be any sweetener, is natural or artificial form, or conduct is artificial and the combination of natural sweetener.In one embodiment, sugar (, sucrose) is main sweetener component.In other embodiments, Sucralose, maltodextrin or corn syrup are main sweetener components.In certain embodiments, in described smokeless tobacco product, use sucrose and corn syrup.Other exemplary sweetener is sugar alcohol.Sugar alcohol is from having partially or completely the monosaccharide of hydrogenated form or the polyalcohol that disaccharides derives.Exemplary sugar alcohol has approximately 4 to approximately 20 carbon atoms, and comprise antierythrite, arabitol, ribitol, isomalt, maltitol, dulcitol, iditol, sweet mellow wine, xylitol, Lactitol, sorbierite and their combination (for example, the glucidtemns of hydrogenation).In the time existing, the representative amount of sweetener (artificial sweetening agent and/or natural sugar or sugar alcohol) can account for described composition gross dry weight at least about 5%, often at least about 10% with usually at least about 15%.Preferably, the amount of the sweetener in described composition be no more than described composition gross dry weight approximately 40%, be often no more than approximately 35% and be usually no more than approximately 30%.

In certain embodiments, the amount use syrup to be enough to providing chewiness and delayed dissolved or the local flavor attribute of expectation is otherwise provided to smokeless tobacco composition.In the time existing, the representative amount of syrup (for example, corn syrup) can account for described composition gross dry weight at least about 5%, often at least about 10% with usually at least about 20%.

In certain embodiments, the smokeless tobacco composition of present disclosure also comprises at least one filler composition.In certain embodiments, sugar alcohol is particularly advantageous as filler component in some product of present disclosure, because such material can be contributed some sweet tastes and can not destroy the chewed feature that may expect in finished product.In certain embodiments, use soft sweets filler.Soft sweets filler comprises sugar, corn syrup and water conventionally.A kind of exemplary soft sweets bulking agent compositions is made up of sugar, corn syrup, water, egg white, phycocolloid, citric acid, vanillic aldehyde, sodium propionate and potassium sorbate.

Filler component often realizes several functions, such as strengthening some organ sensory characteristic such as texture and mouthfeel, strengthens adherence or the compressibility of product, etc.In the time existing, the representative amount of filler (organic and/or inorganic filler) can account at least about 1%, at least about 2% or at least about 5%, based on the gross dry weight of described composition.Preferably, the amount of the filler in described composition be no more than described composition gross dry weight approximately 50%, be often no more than approximately 40% and be usually no more than approximately 30%.In certain embodiments, described filler component comprises the filler that one or more rice are derivative, such as rice starch rice powder or their combination.

In certain embodiments, add one or more fat.Described fat can for example play processing aid and/or optimize the outward appearance of smokeless tobacco product.For example, can comprise pre-melted fat such as the soybean oil of hydrogenation partly at described composition.

" flavor enhancement " used herein or " flavouring " are to change any good to eat or fragrant material of the sense quality relevant with smokeless tobacco composition.The exemplary sense quality that flavor enhancement can change comprises, taste, mouthfeel, humidity, cold/heat and/or fragrance/fragrance.Described flavor enhancement can be natural or synthetic, and the characteristic of these flavor enhancements can be described as, but is not limited to: pure and fresh type, fragrant and sweet type, herbal medicine taste, candy taste, floral type, fruity or spices type.The particular type of flavouring for example, including, but not limited to vanilla, coffee, chocolate, cream, peppermint (, peppermint oil), spearmint, menthol, peppermint, Chinese ilex, lavender, cardamom, nutmeg, Chinese cassia tree, cloves, card lamb's-quarters, santal, honey, jasmine, ginger, anise, Salvia japonica, Radix Glycyrrhizae, lemon, orange, apple, peach, bitter orange, cherry and strawberry.The flavor enhancement using in this disclosure can also comprise the component that is considered wetting agent, cooling agent or smooth agent, as eucalyptus oil (eucalyptus).These flavor enhancements can be purely (, individually) or compound ground (for example, spearmint and menthol, or orange and Chinese cassia tree) provide.In some cases, can provide flavor enhancement with spray-drying form or liquid form.Flavor enhancement conventionally with approximately 0.5 dry weight % to approximately 10 dry weight %, often approximately 1 dry weight % to approximately 6 dry weight % and approximately 2 dry weight % exist to the amount of approximately 5 dry weight %.

Can for example, to be enough to providing the amount of the sensory attribute of expectation to use salt (, sodium chloride, salt powder) to smokeless tobacco composition.In the time existing, the representative amount of salt is at least about 0.5 dry weight % or at least about 1.0 dry weight % or at least about 1.5 dry weight %, but conventionally can account for described composition gross dry weight be less than approximately 5% (for example, approximately 0.5 dry weight % is to approximately 4 dry weight %).

Can for example, to be enough to providing the amount of the moist attribute of expectation to use NMF (, glycerine) to smokeless tobacco composition.In addition, in some cases, described NMF can provide desirable flow performance for being deposited on starch mold to smokeless tobacco composition.In the time existing, the representative amount of NMF is at least about 0.5 dry weight % or at least about 1.0 dry weight % or at least about 1.5 dry weight %, but conventionally account for described composition gross dry weight be less than approximately 5% (for example, approximately 0.5 dry weight % is to approximately 4 dry weight %).

Preferred buffer cushions to approximately 10 pH approximately 6, and exemplary buffer comprises metal hydroxides, metal carbonate, alkali metal bicarbonate salt or their mixture.Based on the dry weight of preparation, described buffer exists to be less than approximately 1% amount conventionally.

Other composition like this can be provided for being mixed together with tobacco-containing material preparation with powder or particle form, or can otherwise provide with liquid form.Most preferably, to there is the piece of particle mean size or the form of sheet that are less than approximately 50 microns, use the described composition providing with powder or particle form.According to some aspects, the particle mean size of described additive can be approximately 25 microns or less.The water content of the additive providing with powder or particle form can change.Most preferably, the water content of the additive providing with powder or particle form is to be less than approximately 10 % by weight, and can be to be less than approximately 5%, is to be often less than approximately 2.5 % by weight.Before adding any liquid additive, can, in the Hobart blender for example with flat oar, described additive be mixed together together with any component or with tobacco-containing material.In the situation that liquid additive is provided, the mixture obtaining still can have the relatively low water content that is less than approximately 10 % by weight, and can be to be less than approximately 5%, is to be often less than approximately 2.5 % by weight.The relative quantity of the various additive components in smokeless tobacco product can change.

The composition of aforementioned type can use (for example, as component preparation) together, or use separately (for example,, in the related different phase of preparation of final tobacco product, can add various additive components).The relative quantity of the various components in smokeless tobacco preparation can change, and conventionally selects, thereby sensation and the performance characteristic of expectation are provided to tobacco product.In addition the additive packing of aforementioned type can be provided in finished product or composition.Exemplary capsulation additive referring to: for example, the WO2010/132444A2 of Atchley, it has been incorporated to above herein by reference.

Can derive from tobacco-containing material as follows for any of the composition of the above-mentioned type of the smokeless tobacco composition of present disclosure: at least a portion of tobacco plant (for example, leaf, seed, flower, stalk, root or stem) carry out separation process, described separation process can comprise multiple extraction steps in succession conventionally, so that the required component of separate tobacco material.Exemplary separation process comprises chromatography, distillation, filtration, recrystallization, the distribution of solvent-solvent, cold press, solvent extraction (for example, using solvent such as water, alcohol or hydrocarbon, such as heptane or hexane) or their combination.Before the composition for present disclosure, can carry out chemical conversion to the tobacco ingredient of the separation obtaining.Exemplary chemical conversion comprises: the combination of hydrogenation, esterification, ester exchange, isomery conversion, acetal formation, acetal decomposition, acid/alkali reaction, hydrolysis, heat treatment, enzyme processing and these steps.For the preparation of the technology of the tobacco separator using in the composition of present disclosure referring to, for example, Coleman, the Coleman of the people's such as III U.S. Patent Publication No. submission on April 21st, 2011/0174323 and 2010, the people's such as III U. S. application number 12/764,613, they by reference entirety be incorporated to herein.The example that may reside in the type of the compound in tobacco separator comprises: hydrocarbon, cellulose, alcohol, aldehyde, ketone, carboxylic acid, amino acid, ester, lactone, acid anhydrides, carbohydrate (for example, reduced sugar), phenol, quinone, ether, nitrile, amine, acid amides, acid imide, chromatoplast pigment, protein, coenzyme-Q, pectin, starch, lignin and lipid.Other example is described in as natural tar diluent in the PCT WO2007/012980 of Lipowicz, it by reference entirety be incorporated to herein.Type and the function of the smokeless tobacco composition of preparing from tobacco separator change the composition with separator, and the composition of described separator can be based in part on type of the chemical conversion of part, the use of the leaching process of employing, the tobacco plant that relates to etc. and change.Some tobacco separator can provide sugar, filler, adhesive, disintegration or compression aid or flavor enhancement for the smokeless tobacco composition of present disclosure.

Based on the gross dry weight of smokeless tobacco composition, representational smokeless tobacco composition can comprise: the derivative pectin of tobacco as described herein of the amount of the tobacco of the amount of about 30-40 % by weight and approximately 4 % by weight.For example, in one embodiment, based on the gross dry weight of smokeless tobacco composition, the derivative pectin of the tobacco grinding that smokeless tobacco composition comprises approximately 36 % by weight, the tobacco of approximately 4 % by weight, the rice starch of approximately 14 % by weight, rice powder, the maltitol powder of approximately 7 % by weight and the flavor compounds of approximately 3 % by weight of approximately 6 % by weight, wherein surplus comprises one or more colouring agents, sweetener, filler, adhesive, pH adjusting agent and salt.For example, in one embodiment, surplus can comprise titanium dioxide, xylitol, sorbierite, calcium carbonate, maltodextrin, xanthans, NaOH and sodium chloride.The concrete percentage of each composition and selection will change with local flavor, texture and the further feature expected.

The mode that is used for the various components that combine smokeless tobacco composition can change.Can in (such as Hobart blenders) such as pyramid type blender, mixing rotary drum, ribbon blenders, the various components of smokeless tobacco composition be contacted together, be combined or mix.Like this, can make various components is relative uniform with the overall mixture of powdered tobacco component in nature.Also referring to the Method type of for example setting forth in Publication about Document: the people's such as Solomon U.S. Patent number 4,148,325; The people's such as Korte U.S. Patent number 6,510,855; With the U.S. Patent number 6,834,654 of Williams, each section in them is incorporated to herein by reference.

Can provide smokeless tobacco product with the reservation shape of any appropriate or form.For example, in certain embodiments, provide smokeless tobacco product with the form of the general shape with ball, granule, sheet, coin, pearl, avette, oranges and tangerines (obloid), cube, film, thin slice, rod, foam, gel etc.In certain embodiments, described shape is determined by the shape of the mould that forms therein product.Can regulate the size of various compositions, they are engaged in user's mouth completely, or they are only partly engaged in mouth.Thereby preferred size can change.

For example, can be formed such as the shape such as bar and cube: first pass the mould extruded material of the cross section (for example, circular or square) with expectation, then optionally the material of extruding is cut into the length of expectation.Be set forth in for the technology and equipment of extruding tobacco-containing material: the U.S. Patent number 3,098,492 of Wursburg; The people's such as Tamol U.S. Patent number 4,874,000; The people's such as Graves U.S. Patent number 4,880,018; The people's such as Keritsis U.S. Patent number 4,989,620; The people's such as Luke U.S. Patent number 5,072,744; The people's such as White U.S. Patent number 5,829,453; U.S. Patent number 6,182,670 with people such as White; Each section in them is incorporated to herein by reference.The exemplary extrusion equipment that is applicable to using comprises: food or chewing gum extruder, industrial pastel extruder is such as can be from gondola Emiliomiti, the Model TP200/300 that LLC obtains.In some cases, individual machine can be realized multiple steps of method described herein, for example, and the kneader system that can obtain from Buss AG.

Can be by dry described smokeless tobacco product or wetting to reach the moisture level of final expectation.The water content of smokeless tobacco product before being used by consumer can change.Before inserting in user's mouth, the water content that is present in the smokeless tobacco product in single product unit normally approximately 5 % by weight to approximately 20 % by weight, often approximately 8 % by weight to approximately 15 % by weight, more often approximately 10 % by weight to the scope of approximately 13 % by weight (based on the gross weight of product unit), but can change with the concrete form of described smokeless tobacco product.

The acidity or alkalinity of the smokeless tobacco product often characterizing in the mode of pH can change.Conventionally, the pH of said preparation is at least about 6.5, and is preferably at least about 7.5.Conventionally, the pH of said preparation is no more than approximately 9.5, and is often no more than approximately 9.0.Representational tobacco preparation shows the pH of approximately 6.8 to approximately 8.8 (for example, approximately 7.4 to approximately 8.2).The representative art that is used for the pH that measures smokeless tobacco preparation comprises: the said preparation of 5g is dispersed in to 100ml high performance liquid chromatography water, and the pH of the suspension/solution measuring (for example,, with pH meter).

Composition of the present invention can be soluble.Term used herein " dissolving " and " soluble " represent to have the composition of water-soluble component, and the moisture in described water-soluble component and oral cavity interacts and enters in solution, causes thus the consumption gradually of product.According to an aspect, described soluble smokeless tobacco product can continue the given time period in user's mouth, until it fully dissolves.The rate of dissolution of smokeless tobacco product of the present invention can be changing from being less than in the wide region of approximately 1 minute to approximately 60 minutes.For example, fast release composition conventionally being less than approximately 2 minutes, be for example often less than approximately 1 minute, in (, be less than approximately 50 seconds, be less than approximately 40 seconds, be less than approximately 30 seconds or be less than approximately 20 seconds) and dissolve and/or release of active ingredients.Dissolving can occur by any-mode, for example, such as fusing, mechanical damage (, chewing), enzymatic degradation or other chemical degradation or by the interactional destruction between product component.In certain embodiments, described product can be fusible, as what discuss in the people's such as Cantrell who for example submits on August 11st, 2010 U. S. application number 12/854,342.In other embodiments, during described smokeless tobacco product rests in user's mouth, described composition does not dissolve.

According to some embodiments, can be coated with smokeless tobacco composition with coating substance.For example, glazing or anti stick coating substance, for example, CAPOL410 (can derive from Centerchem, Inc.), can put on smokeless tobacco composition and flow freely performance to provide.Outer coatings can also help improve present disclosure smokeless tobacco product bin stability and by reduce friability and rise dirt improve packaging process.For providing the device of outer coatings layer to comprise pan coating machine and spray coating machine to the product of present disclosure, and comprise particularly and can be used as the coating device that CompuLab24, CompuLab36, Accela-Cota48 and Accela-Cota60 obtain from Thomas Engineering.

A kind of exemplary outer coatings comprises film forming polymer (such as cellulosic polymer), optional plasticiser and optional flavor enhancement, colouring agent, salt, sweetener or other additive of the type set forth in this article.Described coated composition is water-based in nature conventionally, and can use any pill known in the art or tablet coating technology (such as pan coating) to use.Exemplary film forming polymer comprises: cellulosic polymer such as methylcellulose, hydroxypropyl cellulose (HPC), hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC), hydroxyethylcellulose and carboxy methyl cellulose.Exemplary plasticiser comprises the aqueous solution or the emulsion of glycerin monostearate and triethyl citrate.Exemplary coated composition and application process are described in the people's such as Hunt who submits on September 7th, 2010 U. S. application number 12/876,785, and it is incorporated to herein by reference.

Although aforementioned description focuses on uniform composition in each product unit, can also be used in the multiple different preparations formation products in like products unit with different performance.For example, can be by 2 kinds of different composition coextrusion to be formed on the product in its cross section with different characteristic.Such method can be for providing the product with 2 kinds of different components taking different rate of dissolutions as feature, the Part I of product for example, is dissolved with first rate (, faster rate), and Part II dissolves with the second slower speed.

According to some aspect, can for example, substitute or the tobacco ingredient of supplementary smokeless tobacco composition with other suitable plant component (, tea particulate, coffee particulate, herbal medicine particulate, spices particulate and/or their combination).Described particulate can provide with powder type conventionally, and it can extract from suitable plant source.

Can in the packaging of any appropriate, pack and store the product of present disclosure.Referring to, for example, all kinds of containers of the smoke-less product of setting forth in following document: the people's such as Henson U.S. Patent number 7,014,039; The people's such as Kutsch U.S. Patent number 7,537,110; The people's such as Kutsch U.S. Patent number 7,584,843; The U.S. Patent number D592 of Thiellier, 956, and the people's such as Patel U.S. Patent number D594,154; The people's such as Robinson U.S. Patent Publication No. 2008/0173317; The people's such as Clark U.S. Patent Publication No. 2009/0014343; The U.S. Patent Publication No. 2009/0014450 of Bjorkholm; The people's such as Bellamah U.S. Patent Publication No. 2009/0250360; The people's such as Gelardi U.S. Patent Publication No. 2009/0266837; The U.S. Patent Publication No. 2009/0223989 of Gelardi; The U.S. Patent Publication No. 2009/0230003 of Thiellier; The U.S. Patent Publication No. 2010/0084424 of Gelardi; U.S. Patent Publication No. 2010/0133140 with people such as Bailey; U.S. Patent Application Serial 29/342,212 with the people such as Bailey who submits on August 20th, 2009; The people's such as the Bailey that on April 16th, 2009 submits to U.S. Patent Application Serial 12/425,180; The people's such as the Bailey that on January 12nd, 2010 submits to U.S. Patent Application Serial 12/685,819; With the people's such as Gelardi who submits on June 11st, 2010 U.S. Patent Application Serial 12/814,015, they are incorporated to herein by reference.

Experimental section

Provide following embodiment to explain the other side relevant with present disclosure, but described embodiment should not be construed as its scope that limits.Unless otherwise noted, all umbers and percentage are pressed dry weight basis.

The about 800 pounds of burleys that dry of following processing (blade and stem) are to extract and dry pectin fraction.In approximately 14,400 pounds of well water, add approximately 80 pounds of oxalic acid and approximately 80 pounds of ammonium oxalate.The mixture obtaining is stirred, until oxalic acid and ammonium oxalate dissolve to form solution.Tobacco is joined in this solution, and the mixture obtaining is heated approximately 90 minutes at about 95-98 DEG C.By filtering (additionally or alternatively, can use centrifugal), remove tobacco from mixture.Once reach the clarity level of expectation, just collect the liquid obtaining.Filtration/centrifugation step may be repeated 2 times or more times, to reach the clarity level of expectation.Then liquid is concentrated under vacuum, until the solid that product comprises about 9-11%.

By weight, with the amount of 1.2 times of the amount of concentrate, ethanol is joined in concentrate, to obtain the concentrate of dilution.The concentrate of dilution is cooled to about 5-7 DEG C.By centrifugal the concentrate of the dilution solid material having formed with separation.Solid material is rinsed in 50% ethanol water (v/v), then in 100% ethanol, rinse, and by the centrifugal solid rinsing that separates.The solid material merging is dry under vacuum in tray dryer, and the hot water of 55 DEG C circulates in the chuck of drier.After minimum 6 hours, take out sample, and test is to guarantee that it comprises the moisture (by weight) that is less than 5%.If sample does not meet this requirement, it is further dry to obtain the pectin product of separation.800g tobacco-containing material based on original, isolates the pectin product of 30g dark-brown powder type.

Described dark-brown powder is used in the soluble smokeless tobacco preparation that conventionally comprises tobacco blend and pulullan polysaccharide adhesive.Use the dark-brown powder separating as mentioned above to substitute pulullan polysaccharide adhesive.Based on the gross dry weight of smokeless tobacco composition, the rice starch of the tobacco grinding that described smokeless tobacco preparation comprises approximately 36 % by weight, the dark-brown powder (pectin fraction) of approximately 4 % by weight, approximately 14 % by weight, approximately 6 % by weight rice powder, the maltitol powder of approximately 7 % by weight and the flavor compounds of approximately 3 % by weight.Described preparation also comprises micro-titanium dioxide, xylitol, sorbierite, calcium carbonate, maltodextrin, xanthans, NaOH and sodium chloride.

By unofficial feeling evaluation, evaluate the smokeless tobacco product obtaining.Evaluate and do not record with mouthfeel, color or other the perceptual property relevant recognizable difference of experimental finished product with respect to reference product.Compared with control material, the test products that contains the derivative pectin of tobacco shows the sticklac viscosity of reduction and the rigidity of increase in process.Think the positive attribute that these 2 kinds of features are these class preparations.

The those skilled in the art in the invention with the instruction benefit providing in aforementioned description will expect many amendments of the present invention and other embodiment.Therefore, should be appreciated that and the invention is not restricted to disclosed specific embodiments, and amendment is included within the scope of the appended claims with other embodiment intention.Although adopted specific term herein, they only use with general and descriptive implication, and are not used in the object of restriction.

Claims

1. the smokeless tobacco product being configured in the mouth that inserts user, described smokeless tobacco product comprises tobacco-containing material and adhesive component, based on the gross dry weight of described smokeless tobacco product, described adhesive component comprises the pectin material derivative at least about the tobacco of the amount of 2 % by weight.

2. smokeless tobacco product according to claim 1, the derivative pectin material of wherein said tobacco is unique adhesive component wherein.

3. smokeless tobacco product according to claim 1, wherein said smokeless tobacco product is extruded.

4. smokeless tobacco product according to claim 1, wherein said smokeless tobacco product is the form that is ball, granule, sheet, coin, pearl, avette, oranges and tangerines, cube, film, thin slice, rod, foam or gel.

5. smokeless tobacco product according to claim 1, wherein said smokeless tobacco product is soluble.

6. smokeless tobacco product according to claim 1, wherein said smokeless tobacco product comprises the derivative pectin material of tobacco that is greater than approximately 3 % by weight.

7. smokeless tobacco product according to claim 7, wherein said smokeless tobacco product comprises the derivative pectin material of tobacco that is greater than approximately 4 % by weight.

8. smokeless tobacco product according to claim 1, described smokeless tobacco product further comprises one or more and is selected from following component: flavor enhancement, sweetener, salt, filler, fat, emulsifying agent, gelling agent, disintegration auxiliary agent, compression aid, colouring agent, NMF, pH adjusting agent, buffer, oral care additives, anticorrisive agent, syrup and their mixture.

9. smokeless tobacco product according to claim 1, wherein said tobacco-containing material is to be the particulate form with the average grain diameter that is less than approximately 50 microns.

10. smokeless tobacco product according to claim 1, described smokeless tobacco product comprises:

The tobacco-containing material of approximately 20 amounts to approximately 50 dry weight %;

The derivative pectin material of tobacco of approximately 2 amounts to approximately 10 dry weight %;

One or more fillers of approximately 10 amounts to approximately 40 dry weight %;

One or more sweeteners of approximately 5 any amount to approximately 15 dry weight %; With

At least one flavor enhancement of the amount of approximately 5 dry weight % at the most.

11. smokeless tobacco products according to claim 10, wherein said tobacco-containing material is tobacco-containing material or the water-based tobacco extract grinding.

12. smokeless tobacco products according to claim 10, wherein said one or more fillers comprise the derivative packing material of at least one rice.

13. smokeless tobacco products according to claim 10, wherein said one or more sweetener packets are containing at least one sugar alcohol.

14. smokeless tobacco products according to claim 10, described smokeless tobacco product further comprises the adhesive of natural gum form.

Prepare the method for smokeless tobacco product for 15. 1 kinds, described method comprises:

Extract pectin to form the derivative pectin material of tobacco from the first tobacco-containing material; With

Pectin material derivative described tobacco and the second tobacco-containing material are combined to form smokeless tobacco composition; With

The composition obtaining is mixed in smokeless tobacco product, and the derivative pectin material of wherein said tobacco exists with the amount at least about 2 dry weight % of described smokeless tobacco product.

16. methods according to claim 15, wherein said pectin material exists with the amount at least about 3 dry weight % of described smokeless tobacco product.

17. methods according to claim 16, wherein said pectin material exists with the amount at least about 4 dry weight % of described smokeless tobacco product.

18. methods according to claim 15, wherein said the first tobacco-containing material comprises tobacco stem, tobacco sheet or their combination.

19. methods according to claim 15, wherein said the first tobacco-containing material is the tobacco-containing material of baking.

20. methods according to claim 15, wherein said extraction step carries out with the aqueous solution.

21. methods according to claim 20, the wherein said aqueous solution comprises one or more and is selected from following component: surfactant, cosolvent, enzyme and pH adjusting agent.

22. methods according to claim 15, described method further comprises: before described extraction step, with the first tobacco-containing material described in pectin release-agent-treated.