CN103997215A - Numerically-controlled power-adjustable DC/DC converter - Google Patents

Numerically-controlled power-adjustable DC/DC converter Download PDF

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Publication number
CN103997215A
CN103997215A CN201410200826.2A CN201410200826A CN103997215A CN 103997215 A CN103997215 A CN 103997215A CN 201410200826 A CN201410200826 A CN 201410200826A CN 103997215 A CN103997215 A CN 103997215A
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China
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output
converter
signal
power
controller
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CN201410200826.2A
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Chinese (zh)
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王斌
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Chongqing University
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Chongqing University
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Abstract

The invention discloses a numerically-controlled power-adjustable DC/DC converter which is low in cost. The numerically-controlled power-adjustable DC/DC converter is characterized by comprising a normal shock converting circuit, a single-chip microcomputer controller and a PWM controller. The first input end of the single-chip microcomputer controller is connected with the sampling end of a converter output voltage sampling circuit, the second input end of the single-chip microcomputer controller is connected with the sampling end of a converter output current sampling circuit, the output end of the single-chip microcomputer controller is connected with a digital-to-analogue converting circuit in series, the digital-to-analogue converting circuit is used for converting digital control signals into analogue control signals, the output end of the digital-to-analogue converting circuit is connected with an input control port of the PWM controller, and output signals of the PWM controller are used for controlling on-off of a power switch tube of the normal shock converting circuit. According to the numerically-controlled power-adjustable DC/DC converter, the output power can be accurately adjusted, the hardware circuit designing cost is low, the delay time of a digital feedback loop is short, and the dynamic characteristics of a closed-loop system are improved.

Description

Numerically controlled power is adjustable DC/DC converter
Technical field
The present invention relates to electric and electronic power conversion field, the particularly adjustable DC/DC converter of a kind of numerically controlled power.
Background technology
The power supply of Modern Communication System need to provide the voltage of plurality of specifications, not only will realize input 48V voltage to the conversion of conventional 5V and 3.3V, also may be transformed to lower voltage, as 2.5V, 1.8V etc.In order to meet these requirements, the framework of power-supply system is just converted to distributed power supply mode from early stage centralized power supply system.Distributed power supply system has high reliability, the advantage such as easy to maintenance.In distributed power source framework, 48V bus voltage is converted to lower voltage by centre bus converter (IBC), then is connected with a plurality of POLs (POL) converter by distributed bus, the voltage and current that the output loading of POL converter is required.
IBC converter, as the critical component in distributed power supply system, works in Feedback of Power pattern, need to export constant power for the parameter of rear class POL converter.In a telecommunication server system, conventionally there are a plurality of IBC converters, after connect the POL converter of varying number.If IBC converter is permanent power inverter, for the different power demand of rear class converter, need to carry out the hardware designs of multiple different capacity specification.Obviously, the IBC converter of power adjustable mode is applicable to the occasion of different capacity specification, has simplified cost and the cycle of hardware designs.
Be different from conventional voltage and current feedback mode control, Feedback of Power pattern has higher requirement for the control of power supply.The mode that simulation is controlled can realize the DC/DC converter of permanent power, converter detects after output voltage and current signal, by analog multiplier, realize multiplying each other of voltage and current, obtain the signal value being directly proportional with power output, feed back to front end and reference power signal and relatively produce error controling signal, the change in duty cycle of control switch pipe.Because power reference signal is produced by hardware circuit, when needs regulation output power, must change the parameter of hardware circuit.Therefore the mode that, simulation is controlled is difficult to realize the adjustable DC/DC converter of power output.
Current digital control technology is applied gradually in DC/DC Switching Power Supply, and feedback control loop adopts the chips such as ADC, DSP, DAC to realize digitlization.Digital control mode has realized the generation of signal conversion, signal processing and pwm signal by the order of software code, the electric current and voltage that can complete easily load detects and power calculation, realizes the permanent power of closed loop or becomes power adjustment.Digital control mode computational accuracy is high, controls flexibly, by software code, can change easily reference power value, thereby adjusts power output.But digital control mode has following shortcoming: circuit design cost is high, because control chip must adopt the digital control chip that bus operating frequency is very high, as dsp chip etc.; The late effect that the module such as ADC, DPWM is introduced has reduced the dynamic characteristic of Converter Closed-loop System.The background of the art of this patent based on such launched research.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to design the adjustable DC/DC converter of a kind of digital control power cheaply, this circuit adopts the framework that jointly controls of single-chip microcomputer and PWM power management chip, the sampling of output voltage and current signal and calculate by singlechip chip cheaply and realize, PWM drives signal to produce by power management chip.Circuit is without adopting expensive dsp chip, and design cost is low; PWM drives signal to be exported by analog power chip, and feedback control loop does not have DPWM module, close loop control circuit compare digital control program have still less time of delay.
The technical scheme that the present invention adopted is for achieving the above object:
The adjustable DC/DC converter of a kind of numerically controlled power provided by the invention, comprises a forward conversion circuit, a singlechip controller and a PWM controller; The first input end of described singlechip controller connects the output voltage sampling end of forward conversion circuit, the second input of described singlechip controller connects the output current sampling end of forward conversion circuit, and the output port of described singlechip controller connects the control port of PWM controller; The output signal of described PWM controller is for controlling the turn-on and turn-off of forward conversion circuit power switch pipe.
Further, described singlechip controller comprises ADC module, multiplication module, compensator and adjustable reference module; Described ADC module is for being converted to digital signal by voltage sampling signal and current sampling signal; Described multiplication module is for calculating output voltage and transient power value corresponding to current signal; Described adjustable reference module is used for storing one group of reference power value; Described compensator is for compensating and export control signal to the power error signal of transient power value and reference power value.
Further, described converter output voltage sampling circuit adopts electric resistance partial pressure mode, and output current sample circuit adopts current sense resistor mode.
Further, also comprise a D/A converting circuit, the input of described D/A converting circuit connects the control signal of singlechip controller output, its output is connected with the control end of described PWM controller, and described D/A converting circuit is for being converted to analog control signal by the digital controlled signal of single-chip microcomputer output.
Further, described D/A converting circuit comprises a RC filter; Described RC filter comprises (mutually a connecting) resistance and electric capacity; Described RC filter is arranged between singlechip controller and PWM controller for changing the digital controlled signal of singlechip controller output.
Further, described singlechip controller adopts 8 singlechip control chips cheaply.
Further, described PWM controller adopts power of fixed frequency managing chip.
Further, described singlechip controller adopts MC68HC908JK3 to realize.
Further, described PWM controller adopts UC3843 to realize.
The invention has the advantages that: the present invention compares with existing analog control circuit, and the present invention has the following advantages: the calculating of power output, comparison and compensation have realized digitlization, and the control precision of power adjustments is higher; The adjustment of output power value is by changing software code realization, and the structure and parameter without changing hardware circuit, has reduced design cost.The present invention compares with existing Full-digital control circuit, and the present invention has the following advantages: control circuit adopts 8 singlechip control chips cheaply, has reduced the design cost of hardware circuit and software program; PWM drives signal to be produced by analog power managing chip, and feedback control loop, without adopting DPWM module, has reduced the time of delay of close loop control circuit, has improved the dynamic characteristic of closed-loop system.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to make the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in further detail, wherein:
The power output closed-loop control block diagram that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention;
The switching power circuit schematic diagram that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, method of the present invention is described in further detail.
The power closed-loop control block diagram that Fig. 1 provides for the embodiment of the present invention, as shown in the figure: the adjustable DC/DC converter of a kind of numerically controlled power provided by the invention, comprises a forward conversion circuit, a singlechip controller, a PWM controller and a D/A converting circuit; The first input end of described singlechip controller connects the output voltage sampling end of forward conversion circuit, the second input of described singlechip controller connects the output current sampling end of forward conversion circuit, and the output port of described singlechip controller connects the control port of PWM controller; The output signal of described PWM controller is for controlling the turn-on and turn-off of forward conversion circuit switching tube.
Described singlechip controller comprises ADC module, multiplication module, compensator and base modules; Described ADC module is for carrying out analog-to-digital conversion by voltage sampling signal and current sampling signal; Described multiplication module is for calculating output voltage and transient power value corresponding to electric current; Described base modules is used for storing one group of reference power value; Described compensator is for carrying out digital compensation and export control signal the difference power value signal of transient power value and reference power value.
The output voltage sampling circuit of described forward conversion circuit adopts electric resistance partial pressure mode, and output current sample circuit adopts current sense resistor mode.
The input of described D/A converting circuit connects the control signal of singlechip controller output, and its output is connected with the control end of described PWM controller, and described D/A converting circuit is for being converted to analog control signal by the digital controlled signal of single-chip microcomputer output.
Described D/A converting circuit comprises a RC filter; Described RC filter comprises (mutually a connecting) resistance and electric capacity; Described RC filter is arranged between singlechip controller and PWM controller for changing the digital controlled signal of singlechip controller output.
Described singlechip controller adopts 8 singlechip control chips cheaply.Described singlechip controller adopts MC68HC908JK3 to realize.
Described PWM controller adopts power of fixed frequency managing chip.Described PWM controller adopts UC3843 to realize.
The switching power circuit schematic diagram that Fig. 2 provides for the embodiment of the present invention.Singlechip controller in the present embodiment, as the control axis U2 of feedback loop, adopts 8 singlechip chip MC68HC908JK3.The voltage sampling signal V of load impedance R outafter resistance R 2 and resistance R 3 dividing potential drops, input to 8 built-in ADC transducer ports PTB3 of single-chip microcomputer; Load current signal I outafter being gathered by current sense resistor R4, input to ADC port PTB2.Single-chip microcomputer, based on power control algorithm, carries out computational analysis to the digital translation value of output voltage and current signal, by timer port PTD4 output control signal V con.Control signal is square-wave signal, after the RC filter process of R5 and C4 formation, obtains DC control signal, and RC filter is equivalent to a DAC transducer.
Control signal V conbe input to the Voltage Feedback port of PWM controller U1, output current sampled signal I outbe input to the current feedback port of PWM controller U1, U1 adopts constant frequency power managing chip UC3843.In two of the inside of controller U1, signal compares, and the vibration sawtooth waveforms of the error signal of generation and chip U1 inside is relatively exported PWM and driven signal, and the amplitude of error signal has determined the duty ratio of pwm signal.When power output need to be adjusted, U2 chip changes control signal V in real time conparameter, cause the variation of error signal amplitude, thereby regulate PWM to drive the duty ratio of signal, control load current following reference current I refchange.Therefore, single-chip microcomputer detects after output voltage, by reference power, calculates reference current value, based on current feedback mode adjustment output current, can control power output for setting fiducial value.
Power output closed-loop control block diagram is as shown in Figure 1 visible, loaded work piece voltage V outand electric current I outafter sample circuit is processed, input to singlechip control chip, by built-in ADC module, complete analog-to-digital conversion.Single Chip Microcomputer (SCM) program calculates transient power P out, with reference power value P refmake comparisons, gained difference P errthrough digital compensator, regulate output control signal V concontrol signal completes digital-to-analogue conversion by RC filter, and the analog signal of output, as the feedback control signal of PWM power management chip, changes the conducting duty ratio of power switch pipe, regulate power output and the reference power of converter to be consistent, thereby realize power closed loop feedback, control.
Constant power load shows negative resistance charactertistic in the course of the work, so DC/DC converter is equivalent to a current source, and the control of power output can realize based on current feedback pattern.First according to reference power and present load magnitude of voltage, calculate reference current:
I ref ( k ) = P ref V out ( k ) - - - ( 1 )
Wherein, I ref(k) be present load reference current value, V out(k) be present load magnitude of voltage, P reffor reference power.
Reference power and the in real time error signal of power output comparison gained are:
P err(k)＝I ref(k)·V out(k)-V out(k)·I out(k) (2)
That is: P err(k)=Δ I (k) V out(k) (3)
Wherein Δ I (k) is current error signal.
Digital compensator G c(s) adopt PI control algolithm, obtain output control signal:
V con ( k ) = K P P err ( k ) + K I Σ i P err ( i ) - - - ( 4 )
Wherein, K pfor the proportional gain of power error signal, K istorage gain for power error signal.
By formula (3) substitution (4):
V con ( k ) = K P V out ( k ) ΔI ( k ) + K I V out ( k ) Σ i ΔI ( i ) - - - ( 5 )
Formula (5) has been determined the parameter self-tuning PI control algolithm based on current error signal, controls parameter and need carry out real-time online adjustment according to present load magnitude of voltage:
k p ( i ) = K p · V out ( k ) k I ( i ) = K I · V out ( k ) - - - ( 6 )
Wherein, K p(i) be the proportional gain of current error signal, K i(i) be the storage gain of current error signal.
Thus, the present invention is based on parameter in real time from adjusting PI control algolithm, the power-adjustable that adopts Current Feedback Control pattern to realize DC/DC converter is controlled.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, obviously, those skilled in the art can carry out various changes and modification and not depart from the spirit and scope of the present invention the present invention.Like this, if within of the present invention these are revised and modification belongs to the scope of the claims in the present invention and equivalent technologies thereof, the present invention is also intended to comprise these changes and modification interior.

Claims (9)

1. the adjustable DC/DC converter of numerically controlled power, is characterized in that: comprise a forward conversion circuit, a singlechip controller and a PWM controller; The first input end of described singlechip controller connects the output voltage sampling end of forward conversion circuit, the second input of described singlechip controller connects the output current sampling end of forward conversion circuit, and the output port of described singlechip controller connects the control port of PWM controller; The output signal of described PWM controller is for controlling the turn-on and turn-off of forward conversion circuit power switch pipe.
2. converter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described singlechip controller comprises ADC module, multiplication module, compensator and adjustable reference module; Described ADC module is for being converted to digital signal by voltage sampling signal and current sampling signal; Described multiplication module is for calculating output voltage and transient power value corresponding to current signal; Described adjustable reference module is used for storing one group of reference power value; Described compensator is for compensating and export control signal to the power error signal of transient power value and reference power value.
3. converter according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described converter output voltage sampling circuit adopts electric resistance partial pressure mode, and output current sample circuit adopts current sense resistor mode.
4. converter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: also comprise a D/A converting circuit, the input of described D/A converting circuit connects the control signal of singlechip controller output, its output is connected with the control end of described PWM controller, and described D/A converting circuit is for being converted to analog control signal by the digital controlled signal of single-chip microcomputer output.
5. converter according to claim 4, is characterized in that: described D/A converting circuit comprises a RC filter; Described RC filter comprises (mutually a connecting) resistance and electric capacity; Described RC filter is arranged between singlechip controller and PWM controller for changing the digital controlled signal of singlechip controller output.
6. according to the converter described in the arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: described singlechip controller adopts 8 singlechip control chips cheaply.
7. according to the converter described in the arbitrary claim of claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that: described PWM controller adopts power of fixed frequency managing chip.
8. converter according to claim 6, is characterized in that: described singlechip controller adopts MC68HC908JK3 to realize.
9. converter according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described PWM controller adopts UC3843 to realize.
CN201410200826.2A 2014-05-13 2014-05-13 Numerically-controlled power-adjustable DC/DC converter Pending CN103997215A (en)

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108768174A (en) * 2018-06-15 2018-11-06 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 A kind of analog-digital hybrid formula multiphase interleaving power inverter
CN109195273A (en) * 2018-10-26 2019-01-11 深圳市晟碟半导体有限公司 A kind of constant power control device and constant-power control method of LED lamp
CN110083194A (en) * 2019-06-06 2019-08-02 西安拓尔微电子有限责任公司 A kind of circuit and its implementation of the electronic cigarette of achievable constant power output
CN111490520A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-08-04 上海贝岭股份有限公司 Intelligent instrument and power supply circuit thereof
WO2022161184A1 (en) * 2021-01-29 2022-08-04 西安领充创享新能源科技有限公司 Power source module and power source system

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CN1706091A (en) * 2003-02-10 2005-12-07 大动力有限公司 Digital control system and method for switched mode power supply
CN101127484A (en) * 2007-05-23 2008-02-20 中国科学院电工研究所 A digital high voltage DC power
CN101345479A (en) * 2008-04-29 2009-01-14 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 Digital DC/DC flyback converter without optical coupling isolation
CN103178718A (en) * 2013-02-28 2013-06-26 重庆大学 Digital-control constant-power DC/DC converter

Patent Citations (4)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1706091A (en) * 2003-02-10 2005-12-07 大动力有限公司 Digital control system and method for switched mode power supply
CN101127484A (en) * 2007-05-23 2008-02-20 中国科学院电工研究所 A digital high voltage DC power
CN101345479A (en) * 2008-04-29 2009-01-14 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 Digital DC/DC flyback converter without optical coupling isolation
CN103178718A (en) * 2013-02-28 2013-06-26 重庆大学 Digital-control constant-power DC/DC converter

Cited By (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN108768174A (en) * 2018-06-15 2018-11-06 哈尔滨工业大学深圳研究生院 A kind of analog-digital hybrid formula multiphase interleaving power inverter
CN109195273A (en) * 2018-10-26 2019-01-11 深圳市晟碟半导体有限公司 A kind of constant power control device and constant-power control method of LED lamp
CN109195273B (en) * 2018-10-26 2021-03-30 深圳市晟碟半导体有限公司 Constant power control device and constant power control method for LED lamp
CN110083194A (en) * 2019-06-06 2019-08-02 西安拓尔微电子有限责任公司 A kind of circuit and its implementation of the electronic cigarette of achievable constant power output
CN111490520A (en) * 2020-05-25 2020-08-04 上海贝岭股份有限公司 Intelligent instrument and power supply circuit thereof
WO2022161184A1 (en) * 2021-01-29 2022-08-04 西安领充创享新能源科技有限公司 Power source module and power source system

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Application publication date: 20140820