CN103995514A - Combined heat and power generation PLC control system - Google Patents
Combined heat and power generation PLC control system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103995514A CN103995514A CN201410227301.8A CN201410227301A CN103995514A CN 103995514 A CN103995514 A CN 103995514A CN 201410227301 A CN201410227301 A CN 201410227301A CN 103995514 A CN103995514 A CN 103995514A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P90/00—Enabling technologies with a potential contribution to greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions mitigation
- Y02P90/02—Total factory control, e.g. smart factories, flexible manufacturing systems [FMS] or integrated manufacturing systems [IMS]
Abstract
A combined heat and power generation PLC control system comprises a boiler combustion control system, a turbine control system and a touch screen. The system is characterized in that bagasse is dehumidified and dried and then is conveyed to a boiler for combustion through a conveying belt, a boiler PLC adjusts the amount of conveyed bagasse, the amount of induced air, the amount of supplied air and the amount of fed water according to load disturbance, steam pressure and combustion chamber negative pressure, high-pressure steam after the boiler combustion enters a turbine for power generation, a turbine PLC adjusts the amount of input air according to the operation condition of the turbine, the steam is directly conveyed to a power grid after power generation of the turbine, waste heat is supplied to a vaporizing tank and a sugar boiling tank for utilization, a boiler combustion control system and a turbine control system are communicated with an upper computer of a monitoring chamber, and operating personnel can conveniently perform remote monitoring on the whole system.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of co-generation unit, relate in particular to the automatic control system of cogeneration of heat and power.
Background technology
Generating plant had both produced electric energy, utilized again steam that turbodynamo the made merit mode of production to user's heat supply.The thermal power plant moving in cogeneration of heat and power mode is called cogeneration plant.The vapour source of external heat supply is the steam discharge that formula steam turbine was drawn gas or carried on the back in the adjustment of extraction turbine, and pressure is divided into 0.78～1.28 MPa (MPa) and 0.12～0.25MPa two etc. conventionally.The former is for commercial production, the latter's heating for civilian use.The steam of cogeneration of heat and power does not have cold source energy, thus the thermal efficiency can be brought up to 85%, much more taller than large-scale condensing-type unit (thermal efficiency reaches 40%).Cogeneration of heat and power is not only energy-conservation in a large number, and can improve environmental baseline, improves resident living level.Due to history, in electric system, also exist at present large quantities of middle-size and small-size coal fired power generation units, scale and benefit are poor, waste resource, contaminated environment.The middle small power plant of these 50,000 kilowatts and following capacity, in order to survive, simultaneously also for to utilize existing power plant in urban district or the advantage in the suburbs, urban district, performance boiler, steam turbine be available potentiality still, transform condensing unit as thermoelectricity unit one after another, industrial enterprise and residential block heat supply, become cogeneration plant towards periphery.The electrfic centre system of being transported to of the cogeneration of heat and power of a lot of old factories, still use conventional ammeter and non intelligent device for switching to each electric weight and non electrical quantity gather, measurement, Long-distance Control, its personal monitoring and operation are comparatively complicated, labor capacity is large, efficiency is lower, reliability and automaticity are not high enough, have more and more been not suitable with the distribution demand in more each worker-houses that the growing production scale of factory brings.
In recent years, high speed development along with microelectric technique and computer technology, PLC product height has merged the up-to-date technology of entering of computer industry and the classical theory of industry automatic control, in its function and performance, in index, enriched greatly and perfect, in medium and small control field, expanded greatly its range of application.PLC is with its compact conformation, reliability is high, function is strong, speed is fast, the advantages such as price is low play an important role in industrial automation, its optimal control object is: industrial environment is poor, and to security, reliability requirement is higher, system process is complicated, I/O be take switching value as main industrial automation control system or device.PLC Industrial Control Computer of desirable generation is calculated machine, as master controller, completes complicated industry automatic control task.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of in order to overcome: conventional ammeter and non intelligent device for switching to each electric weight and non electrical quantity gather, measurement, Long-distance Control; its personal monitoring and operation are comparatively complicated; the PLC control device of the defects such as labor capacity is large, efficiency is lower; each opertaing device and device are carried out to Long-distance Control, protection, warning etc.; also can split to close and carry out long-range divide-shut brake control, realize safety interlocking and control function.
Technical scheme provided by the invention is:
Cogeneration of heat and power PLC control system, this system comprises: boiler combustion control system, steam turbine control system; Boiler combustion control system has comprised Boiler PLC Control device, spot sensor, frequency converter and motor; Steam turbine control system comprises steam turbine PLC controller, steam regulating valve and steam turbine; It is characterized in that, through dehumidifying, dried bagasse, through transport tape, be transported to boiler combustion, Boiler PLC Control device regulates and carries bagasse amount, air inducing amount, air output and confluent according to load disturbance, vapor pressure, combustion chamber draft, high pressure steam from boiler combustion enters steam turbine power generation, steam turbine PLC controller carrys out adjusting air inflow quantity according to the function situation of steam turbine, steam is delivered directly to electrical network after steam turbine power generation, and all the other heat supply evaporators, boiling pan utilize; Boiler combustion control system, steam turbine control system and Control Room upper machine communication, facilitate operations staff to carry out remote monitoring to whole system.
Described boiler combustion control system regulates the catanator switching value of boiler by frequency converter.Wherein load disturbance, vapor pressure, combustion chamber draft through A D conversion, after Boiler PLC Control device inter-process, send the switching value that fire grate frequency converter, air inducing frequency converter, feedwater frequency converter, air blast frequency converter adjusting fire grate, blower motor, pump motor, blower motor are controlled in instruction, thereby realize, the burning of boiler is controlled.
Described Boiler PLC Control device is provided with: emergency signal(l)ing, predictable signal instrument, position signalling.When there is abnormal or accident, can send accordingly light and acoustic signal, thereby operations staff can determine and understand abnormal character, place, scope according to signal designation, make correct processing.Emergency signal(l)ing: comprise acoustic signal and wigwag, light shows character, scope and the protection action situation of fault, and sound equipment is generally loudspeaker.Predictable signal instrument: comprise acoustic signal and alarm window, electrical equipment occurs when abnormal to send this signal, and sound equipment is generally alarm bell.Position signalling: be generally used to refer to the running status of switch or disconnector, when switch with control handle position is not corresponding will glisten
Described steam turbine control system comprises: monitor module, protection module, control module.Monitor that module is to guarantee that Turbine Safety moves requisite part, it can monitor the variation of each parameter in steam turbine operation continuously.The parameter that belongs to mechanical quantity has: turbine speed, shaft vibration, bear vibration, rotor axial displacement, fuel level in tank etc.The parameter that belongs to thermal technology's amount has: main steam pressure, main steam temperature, main steam flow, lubrication pressure, bearing temperature, exhaust steam pressure, exhaust temperature etc.The effect of protection module is that protective device moves rapidly according to actual conditions, makes steam turbine or takes certain measure protection, to prevent fault spread or device damage when steam turbine itself or load are broken down.The content of protection mainly contains: overspeed protection, low oil pressure protection, rotor position protection, vibration protection etc.Control system is usingd PLC as controller.
Described host computer can monitor the operation conditions of PLC control device, and boiler, steam turbine PLC controller are sent to steering order.
Described PLC internal module has adopted photoelectric coupler isolation.Strengthened the anti-interference and isolation performance of device.
The invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1. can reduce the complicacy of personal monitoring and operation, raise the efficiency and automaticity.
2. this control system is convenient for installation and maintenance, system works is stable, reliable, adjusting and measuring accuracy high, monitoring software perfect in shape and function, man-machine interface is friendly.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of sugar refinery cogeneration of heat and power PLC control system of the present invention.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1, the present invention is described in further detail.
Refer to the structured flowchart of the embodiment of sugar refinery cogeneration of heat and power PLC control system of the present invention shown in Fig. 1.In described embodiment, cogeneration of heat and power PLC control system, this system comprises: boiler combustion control system, steam turbine control system; Boiler combustion control system has comprised Boiler PLC Control device, spot sensor, frequency converter and motor; Steam turbine control system comprises steam turbine PLC controller, steam regulating valve and steam turbine; It is characterized in that, through dehumidifying, dried bagasse, through transport tape, be transported to boiler combustion, Boiler PLC Control device regulates and carries bagasse amount, air inducing amount, air output and confluent according to load disturbance, vapor pressure, combustion chamber draft, high pressure steam from boiler combustion enters steam turbine power generation, steam turbine PLC controller carrys out adjusting air inflow quantity according to the function situation of steam turbine, steam is delivered directly to electrical network after steam turbine power generation, and all the other heat supply evaporators, boiling pan utilize; Boiler combustion control system, steam turbine control system and Control Room upper machine communication, facilitate operations staff to carry out remote monitoring to whole system.
Described boiler combustion control system regulates the catanator switching value of boiler by frequency converter.Wherein load disturbance, vapor pressure, combustion chamber draft through A D conversion, after Boiler PLC Control device inter-process, send the switching value that fire grate frequency converter, air inducing frequency converter, feedwater frequency converter, air blast frequency converter adjusting fire grate, blower motor, pump motor, blower motor are controlled in instruction, thereby realize, the burning of boiler is controlled.
Described Boiler PLC Control device is provided with: emergency signal(l)ing, predictable signal instrument, position signalling.When there is abnormal or accident, can send accordingly light and acoustic signal, thereby operations staff can determine and understand abnormal character, place, scope according to signal designation, make correct processing.Emergency signal(l)ing: comprise acoustic signal and wigwag, light shows character, scope and the protection action situation of fault, and sound equipment is generally loudspeaker.Predictable signal instrument: comprise acoustic signal and alarm window, electrical equipment occurs when abnormal to send this signal, and sound equipment is generally alarm bell.Position signalling: be generally used to refer to the running status of switch or disconnector, when switch with control handle position is not corresponding will glisten.
Described steam turbine control system comprises: monitor module, protection module, control module.Monitor that module is to guarantee that Turbine Safety moves requisite part, it can monitor the variation of each parameter in steam turbine operation continuously.The parameter that belongs to mechanical quantity has: turbine speed, shaft vibration, bear vibration, rotor axial displacement, fuel level in tank etc.The parameter that belongs to thermal technology's amount has: main steam pressure, main steam temperature, main steam flow, lubrication pressure, bearing temperature, exhaust steam pressure, exhaust temperature etc.The effect of protection module is that protective device moves rapidly according to actual conditions, makes steam turbine or takes certain measure protection, to prevent fault spread or device damage when steam turbine itself or load are broken down.The content of protection mainly contains: overspeed protection, low oil pressure protection, rotor position protection, vibration protection etc.Control system is usingd PLC as controller.
Described host computer can monitor the operation conditions of PLC control device, and boiler, steam turbine PLC controller are sent to steering order.
Described PLC internal module has adopted photoelectric coupler isolation.Strengthened the anti-interference and isolation performance of device.
Embodiment:
Found the factory the initial stage, certain sugar refinery only has three bagasses, coal-powder boiler and a chain-grate type boiler, is low pressure, miniature boiler.Vapor pressure is 2.0MPa, 350 ℃ of vapor (steam) temperatures.Single stove steam maximum output also only has 20t/h, and ton steam consumption mark coal is between 125～132kg mark coal/ton vapour, and chain-grate type boiler is higher to 145～148kg mark coal/ton vapour, and boiler efficiency only has 6O% left and right, and efficiency is low, and energy consumption is high.Genset is the 3000kW turbodynamo of a pure condensation, and steam its waste heat after generating enters condenser, and it is exothermic 30 that the heat that utilizes of generating only accounts for fuel, and generating specific steam consumption is 14kg vapour/kWh., in evolution, progressively eliminate above-mentioned 4 low-voltage miniature boilers and pure condensation Turbo-generator Set in sugar refinery, and the large-sized boiler of pressing in adopting.Equipment is 2 of 75t/h bagasse, coal-powder boilers at present, each, the boiler of 130t/h, 65t/h, and vapor pressure 3.82MPa, 450 ℃ of temperature, total steam exhaling amount reaches 345t/h.Because Boiler Steam parameter is high, the efficiency of boiler is brought up to more than 85%, the ton steam consumption mark coal of each boiler is on average at 1lOkg mark coal/t vapour, compare with original low-voltage miniature boiler, more than steam per ton is saved mark coal 15kg, and the enthalpy amount of steam has improved 200kJ/t vapour, for condition has been created in the multistage utilization of heat energy, genset adopts respectively back pressure type and intermediate extraction formula Turbo-generator Set, two, the 6000kW turbodynamo of back pressure type wherein, its pressure is that the back pressure steam of 0.4MPa supplies sugar refinery's water evaporator system, the uses such as papermaking copy paper system.Two, the 12000kW turbodynamo of Double-drawing type, one section of Turbo-generator Set is extracted the steam that pressure is 1.0MPa and produces for pulp mill's boiling and composite fertilizer; Two sections are extracted the steam that pressure is 0.4MPa and produce for sugar refinery's water evaporator system or papermaking copy paper, the heat energy of Boiler Steam is first used for generating electricity, then the back pressure steam by steam turbine or intermediate extraction are to the heat supply of vapour system, improve the utilization ratio of steam thermal energy, reduced the generating steam consumption of turbodynamo.This sugar refinery existing genset generating specific steam consumption only has 10.5kg vapour/kWh, compares with old Steam Turbine, every kWh electricity steam saving 3.5kg.
Finally it should be noted that: the foregoing is only the preferred embodiments of the present invention, be not limited to the present invention, although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, for a person skilled in the art, its technical scheme that still can record aforementioned each embodiment is modified, or part technical characterictic is wherein equal to replacement.Within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of doing, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a cogeneration of heat and power PLC control system, this system comprises: boiler combustion control system, steam turbine control system and touch-screen; Boiler combustion control system has comprised Boiler PLC Control device, spot sensor, frequency converter and motor; Steam turbine control system comprises steam turbine PLC controller, steam regulating valve and steam turbine;
It is characterized in that, through dehumidifying, dried bagasse, through transport tape, be transported to boiler combustion, Boiler PLC Control device regulates and carries bagasse amount, air inducing amount, air output and confluent according to load disturbance, vapor pressure, combustion chamber draft, high pressure steam from boiler combustion enters steam turbine power generation, steam turbine PLC controller carrys out adjusting air inflow quantity according to the function situation of steam turbine, steam is delivered directly to electrical network after steam turbine power generation, and all the other heat supply evaporators, boiling pan utilize; Boiler combustion control system, steam turbine control system and Control Room upper machine communication, facilitate operations staff to carry out remote monitoring to whole system.
2. cogeneration of heat and power PLC control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described boiler combustion control system regulates the catanator switching value of boiler by frequency converter.
3. cogeneration of heat and power PLC control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described Boiler PLC Control device is provided with: emergency signal(l)ing, predictable signal instrument, position signalling.
4. cogeneration of heat and power PLC control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described steam turbine control system comprises: surveillance, protection system, control system.
5. cogeneration of heat and power PLC control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described host computer can monitor the operation conditions of PLC control device, and boiler, steam turbine PLC controller are sent to steering order.
6. cogeneration of heat and power PLC control system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described boiler, steam turbine PLC controller internal module have adopted photoelectric coupler isolation.
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| CN201410227301.8A CN103995514A (en) | 2014-05-27 | 2014-05-27 | Combined heat and power generation PLC control system |
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| CN201410227301.8A CN103995514A (en) | 2014-05-27 | 2014-05-27 | Combined heat and power generation PLC control system |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104483946A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-01 | 北京大邦实创节能技术服务有限公司 | Automatic control system and method for pulverized coal boiler |
| CN106849008A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-13 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Cogeneration units protect controller |
| CN109899120A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-06-18 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | A kind of steam turbine low-pressure is through-flow area's pre-warning system for monitoring and working method |
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Cited By (4)
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104483946A (en) * | 2014-12-15 | 2015-04-01 | 北京大邦实创节能技术服务有限公司 | Automatic control system and method for pulverized coal boiler |
| CN106849008A (en) * | 2017-02-24 | 2017-06-13 | 新奥科技发展有限公司 | Cogeneration units protect controller |
| CN109899120A (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2019-06-18 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | A kind of steam turbine low-pressure is through-flow area's pre-warning system for monitoring and working method |
| CN109899120B (en) * | 2019-04-24 | 2023-02-21 | 西安热工研究院有限公司 | Safety monitoring and early warning system for low-pressure flow area of steam turbine and working method |
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