CN103991878B - The enriching method of low-grade native borax and system - Google Patents
The enriching method of low-grade native borax and system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103991878B CN103991878B CN201410210168.5A CN201410210168A CN103991878B CN 103991878 B CN103991878 B CN 103991878B CN 201410210168 A CN201410210168 A CN 201410210168A CN 103991878 B CN103991878 B CN 103991878B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to native borax processing technique field, specifically disclose a kind of method and apparatus for the low-grade native borax in enrichment Tibet.Method of the present invention comprises the following steps: pulverize described low-grade native borax, and sieves with the screen cloth that aperture is 0.5cm to 1.5cm, the B of described low-grade native borax
2o
3content is lower than 25%; Undersize material is mixed with fresh water or boron-containing solution, obtains slip; Slip described in hydrocyclone process, obtains underflow materials and overflow material; By described underflow materials centrifugation, oven dry, obtain borax concentrate, the B of described borax concentrate
2o
3content is more than 25%.The present invention utilizes the impurity in the low-grade native borax of hydrocyclone technology separation, by designing process of enriching process condition pointedly, realizes the effective enrichment to native borax.Technique is simple, environmental protection, low cost, be especially applicable to the environment on Mining area resources ground.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to boron rock processing technique field, particularly relate to the enrichment production technique of the low-grade native borax in Tibet region.
Background technology
Boron rock mainly contains five distribution ranges in China, the difference ground such as (Liaoning-Jilin), Qinghai, Tibet, Sichuan-Hubei, Guangdong-Hunan northeastward.Due to exploitation for many years, the overall grade of boron rock of China declines serious, has remained a large amount of low-grade boron ores or unmanageable boron resource.The boron magnesium ore deposit in such as Liaoning-Jilin, and in the exploitation course of processing in boron magnesium ore deposit, create a large amount of low-grade boron ores; There is a large amount of unmanageable ludwigite resource Liaoning-Jilin Area.
The boron resource of Shigatse District, Tibet is very abundant, and main based on native borax.Higher-grade boron concentrate (the most higher-grade B in this region
2o
3can close to 40%), exploitation and transportation cost can be offset, and be used for the production of boric acid and borax to domestic enterprise by direct marketing.Some B
2o
3content is then left on the spot lower than the low-grade native borax of 25%, fails so far to be utilized effectively.Consider from economic benefit angle, Tibet native borax outward transport B
2o
3content must higher than 25%.
But the shortage of the electric power resource on the ground such as Tibet region, particularly mining area, bad environments, and be not suitable for building chemical plant, the enrichment means of flotation conventional in prior art, its combination of gravity treatment etc. here and inapplicable.In addition, boron rock kind and character, and its dopant species and content, also have different requirements to Beneficiation method and apparatus, need according to different material character, select or customize suitable Beneficiation equipment, just can reach good concentration effect.
Therefore, utilize the existence conditions on native borax resource ground, Beneficiation native borax, to effectively utilizing, low-grade native borax is significant.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is for providing a kind of efficient, environmental protection, and the technique of low cost, produce with the enrichment realizing low-grade native borax.
One aspect of the present invention provides a kind of method for the low-grade native borax in enrichment Tibet, comprises step: pulverize described low-grade native borax, and sieves with the screen cloth that aperture is 0.5cm to 1.5cm, the B of described low-grade native borax
2o
3content lower than 25%, and comprises clay class, Sulfates, carbonate and chloride-based impurity; Undersize material is mixed with fresh water or boron-containing solution, obtains slip; Slip described in hydrocyclone process, obtains underflow materials and overflow material; Underflow materials described in solid-liquid separation, obtains borax concentrate, the B of described borax concentrate
2o
3content is more than 25%.
In some embodiments, described low-grade native borax can be the low-grade native borax in mining area, Rikaze, Tibet.
In some embodiments, the B of described low-grade native borax
2o
3content can more than 3%.
In some embodiments, described boron-containing solution can comprise the separated mother liquor of described underflow materials, the separated mother liquor of described overflow material, boracic brine, or their arbitrary combination.
In some embodiments, the concentration of described slip can be 10wt% to 60wt%.
In some embodiments, underflow materials described in solid-liquid separation comprise following at least one: spontaneous evaporation, centrifugation, oven dry.
The present invention provides a kind of system for the low-grade native borax of enrichment on the other hand, comprises: disintegrating apparatus, for the low-grade native borax of fragmentation according to stream order; Screening plant, for sieving the breeze through fragmentation, its mesh size is 0.5cm to 1.5cm; Mixing equipment, for undersize material and fresh water or boron-containing solution being mixed, forms slip; Hydrocyclone equipment, for slip described in hydrocyclone process, obtains underflow materials and overflow material.
In some embodiments, described system can also comprise following in one or more: primary screen subset, it is before described disintegrating apparatus, for tentatively screening out lump ore; Secondary screening plant, it is after described mixing equipment, for screening out the clay pellet formed in batch mixing process; Centrifugation apparatus, for centrifugation underflow materials and/or overflow material; Drying plant, for drying borax concentrate.
Beneficial effect of the present invention comprises: utilize cyclone technique, and the impurity in the low-grade native borax of physical sepn, without the need to adding any chemical reagent or pollutent, does not also produce pollution substance, clean environment firendly; With strong points, the enrichment being applicable to the low-grade native borax of argillaceous class, Sulfates, carbonate and chloride-based impurity is produced; By design process of enriching process condition, the effective enrichment to native borax can be realized, obtain B
2o
3the borax concentrate of content more than 25%; Technological process is simple, and facility investment is few, energy consumption is low, is especially applicable to the envrionment conditions on Mining area resources ground.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is according to one embodiment of present invention for the process route chart of the low-grade native borax in enrichment Tibet.
Embodiment
In a specific embodiment of the present invention, this process of enriching is applicable to enrichment B
2o
3content lower than 25% low-grade native borax, major impurity is wherein clay class, Sulfates, carbonate and chloride-based impurity.Consider from economy point, may be used for enrichment B
2o
3content more than 3%, such as, is the low-grade native borax of 3% to 24%.An example of low-grade native borax is the low-grade native borax in mining area, Rikaze, Tibet.
With reference to figure 1, illustrate according to the present invention's specific embodiment, for the operational path of the low-grade native borax in enrichment Tibet.
First, pulverize and sieve: low-grade native borax is pulverized, and sieve with the screen cloth that aperture is 0.5cm to 1.5cm, to sieve the mineral aggregate that degranulation footpath is greater than mesh size.This step can use disintegrating apparatus (such as crusher) and screening plant (such as sieve apparatus) to carry out, and wherein the mesh size of sieve apparatus is 0.5cm to 1.5cm.
Mesh size is excessive, then the lower particle of sieve is comparatively large, and pump leaf is easily damaged, and easy block pumps eye, makes pump cisco unity malfunction; Mesh size is too small, then the energy consumption of disintegrating apparatus increases, and low-grade boron ore is easily damaged, and causes the rate of recovery to reduce.Moreover, owing to containing a certain amount of clay-type substance in this low-grade native borax.The cementability of clay makes in the process of dispersed with stirring, because of the rotation effect of the revolution of stirring rake and particle, and may form the pellet of certain particle size.This pellet intensity is not high but viscosity is very large, is not easy fragmentation, easily blocks swirler, production can not normally be carried out.Boron rock coarse crushing is sieved and can prevent the generation of pellet, make to produce more smooth and easy safety.
Such as, in some cases, the screen cloth that aperture is 1.0cm can be used to sieve, to sieve the mineral aggregate that degranulation footpath is greater than 1.0cm.
In certain situation, can pulverizer be returned to by particle on the sieve that the particle diameter that screens out is larger, continue to pulverize.
Subsequently, mixed slurry: mixed with fresh water or boron-containing solution by the undersize material (its particle diameter is less than or equal to mesh size) through screening, obtains slip.This step can use mixing equipment to carry out.Such as use automatic charging machine that undersize material is quantitatively transferred to stirred pot, be made into slip with from the fresh water of water pump or boron-containing solution.Slip fully can be mixed by stirring, such as, stir slip after 0.5 to 5 hour and reach even.
In certain situation, the concentration of slip can be 10wt% to 60wt%.Such concentration is more suitable for separation borax concentrate in follow-up eddy flow step and impurity.
Then, by hydrocyclone slip, separating impurity.Borax concentrate is included in underflow materials, discharges through underflow opening; Impurity is included in overflow material, gets rid of through overflow port.This step can complete in hydrocyclone equipment.Such as, use Pulp pump by the material pulp pumping that mixes in batch mixing step to hydrocyclone, realize being separated of native borax and impurity in hydrocyclone inside.
Hydrocyclone is run by centrifugal settling principle, and it is made up of top cylindrical shell and bottom cone two parts, is non-athletic separating device.After slip (heterogeneous solidliquid mixture) to be separated enters swirler with certain pressure from swirler periphery, be forced to do turning motion.Because its centrifugal force be subject to, centripetal buoyancy, fluid drag etc. vary in size, the solids crude particle in slip overcomes hydraulic resistance to wall and moves, and under the acting in conjunction of self gravitation, moves downward along wall spiral; Thin and little particle and the centrifugal force of most of water then because of suffered little, and near wall namely do not do turning motion with slip.
Under the promotion of follow-up feed, grain diameter is increasing to wall by center, forms hierarchal arrangement.Along with slip flows to conical part from the columnar part of swirler, mobile section is more and more less.Layered material slurry shrinks under compressing outside, and the internal layer slip containing a large amount of fine particle has to change direction, then moves upward, and forms inward eddy, discharges, become overflow from upflow tube; Big particle then continues to move downward along wall spiral, forms contour stealth, is finally discharged by underflow opening, become sand setting.Thus reach the object being separated classification.Obtain fine size and the little overflow product (or mine tailing) of density from top upflow tube, obtain coarse size and the large sand setting product (or concentrate) of density from bottom sand sediment pipe.
Cyclonic unit is simple and practical, and efficiency is high, can realize the clean cut separation of certain particle size (the impurity granularity be separated in this embodiment can be quantitatively >=80 orders).
Finally, underflow materials described in solid-liquid separation obtains borax concentrate, in the borax concentrate so obtained, and B
2o
3content can more than 25%.After being separated, borax concentrate product can be sold after wrapping machine packing.
Solid-liquid separation step can, according to different situations, use means of different to carry out, such as spontaneous evaporation, centrifugation, oven dry, or their arbitrary combination.As an example, can by using centrifuge separating underflow material.Alternatively, the separated solid materials that Tumblies Dry can also be made, to obtain borax concentrate.As another example, because rainy season and dry season are divided in Tibet region, can directly stack spontaneous evaporation during dry season and dry, this mode takes full advantage of natural environment resources, has both saved the energy, has again saved human cost.
Mother liquor after solid-liquid separation can be returned in batch mixing step, mixes with borax breeze as boron-containing solution.Overflow material also by solid-liquid separation, obtain tailings and mother liquor, and this mother liquor also can be returned to the feed proportioning system of batch mixing step.
So, in some cases, boron-containing solution can comprise fresh water, the separated mother liquor of underflow materials, the separated mother liquor of overflow material, boracic brine, or their arbitrary combination.When utilizing the mother liquor after eddy flow as eddy flow medium, the rate of recovery of boron can be improved further.Such as in the certain situation of the present embodiment, total boron rate of recovery can reach more than 70%.
According to another specific embodiment of the present invention, provide the system for the low-grade native borax of enrichment, comprise according to stream order: for the disintegrating apparatus of the low-grade native borax of fragmentation; For sieving the screening plant of the breeze through fragmentation, its mesh size can be 0.5cm to 1.5cm, such as, can use the screen cloth that aperture is 1.0cm; For undersize material and fresh water or boron-containing solution are mixed the mixing equipment forming slip; For slip described in hydrocyclone process to obtain the hydrocyclone equipment of underflow materials and overflow material.
In some cases, according to the difference of material properties, position and the quantity of equipment can be arranged.Such as this system can also be included in disintegrating apparatus before primary screen subset, for tentatively screening out lump ore, reduce the load of disintegrating apparatus.When there is clay pellet, the secondary screening plant after can also being included in mixing equipment, for screening out the clay pellet formed in batch mixing process, with anti-clogging plug swirler.When needs adopt centrifugal means solid-liquid separation material, the centrifugation apparatus after hydrocyclone equipment can also be included in, for centrifugation underflow materials and/or overflow material, obtain borax concentrate.When needs are dried, dryer can also be comprised, to be dried by wet borax concentrate.
To sum up, the scheme of this embodiment, when the low-grade native borax of enrichment, can realize effectively being separated of native borax and impurity, obtains B
2o
3the borax concentrate of content more than 25%.Such B
2o
3the borax concentrate of content is highly beneficial in economic benefit.
Process of enriching of the present invention is with strong points, is applicable to B
2o
3content, lower than 25%, especially more than 3%, such as, is the low-grade native borax in Tibet of 3%-24%, especially comprises the low-grade native borax of clay class, Sulfates, carbonate and chloride-based impurity.In addition, present invention process is simple, energy consumption is low and facility investment is few.
embodiment 1
The low-grade native borax in Tibet: from boron rock district, Rikaze, Tibet, impurity mainly comprises carbonate (calcium carbonate, magnesiumcarbonate), sodium-chlor, sodium sulfate, clay, B
2o
3content 10.36%.
Enriching method:
Pulverizer is pulverized; The sieve apparatus screening of mesh size 0.5cm, returns on-the-sieve material to pulverizer; Undersize material material loading, to stirred pot, blendes together the slip of 10wt% with fresh water/boron-containing solution; Stir 0.5 hour; Cyclonic separation is carried out with the material inlet pressure of 0.02MPa; Collect underflow materials, centrifugation solid, dry, obtain borax concentrate; Collect overflow material, centrifugation solid tailings; Centrifuge mother liquor is returned stirred pot.
Borax concentrate: B
2o
3content 27.4%.
embodiment 2
The low-grade native borax in Tibet: from boron rock district, Rikaze, Tibet, impurity mainly comprises carbonate (calcium carbonate, magnesiumcarbonate), sodium-chlor, sodium sulfate, clay, B
2o
3content 15.17%.
Enriching method:
Pulverizer is pulverized; The sieve apparatus screening of mesh size 1.0cm, returns on-the-sieve material to pulverizer; Undersize material material loading, to stirred pot, blendes together the slip of 20wt% with fresh water/boron-containing solution; Stir 1.0 hours; Cyclonic separation is carried out with the material inlet pressure of 0.10MPa; Collect underflow materials, centrifugation solid, dry, obtain borax concentrate; Collect overflow material, centrifugation solid tailings; Centrifuge mother liquor is returned stirred pot.
Borax concentrate: B
2o
3content 29.1%.
embodiment 3
The low-grade native borax in Tibet: from boron rock district, Rikaze, Tibet, impurity mainly comprises carbonate (calcium carbonate, magnesiumcarbonate), sodium-chlor, sodium sulfate, clay, B
2o
3content 3.00%.
Enriching method:
Pulverizer is pulverized; The sieve apparatus screening of mesh size 1.5cm, returns on-the-sieve material to pulverizer; Undersize material material loading, to stirred pot, blendes together the slip of 40wt% with fresh water/boron-containing solution; Stir 1.5 hours; Cyclonic separation is carried out with the material inlet pressure of 0.30MPa; Collect underflow materials, centrifugation solid, dry, obtain borax concentrate; Collect overflow material, centrifugation solid tailings; Centrifuge mother liquor is returned stirred pot.
Borax concentrate: B
2o
3content 26.1%.
embodiment 4
The low-grade native borax in Tibet: from boron rock district, Rikaze, Tibet, impurity mainly comprises carbonate (calcium carbonate, magnesiumcarbonate), sodium-chlor, sodium sulfate, clay, B
2o
3content 24.00%.
Enriching method:
Pulverizer is pulverized; The sieve apparatus screening of mesh size 1.5cm, returns on-the-sieve material to pulverizer; Undersize material material loading, to stirred pot, blendes together the slip of 30wt% with fresh water/boron-containing solution; Stir 2.5 hours; Cyclonic separation is carried out with the material inlet pressure of 0.25MPa; Collect underflow materials, centrifugation solid, dry, obtain borax concentrate; Collect overflow material, centrifugation solid tailings; Centrifuge mother liquor is returned stirred pot.
Borax concentrate: B
2o
3content 34.5%.
embodiment 5
The low-grade native borax in Tibet: from boron rock district, Rikaze, Tibet, impurity mainly comprises carbonate (calcium carbonate, magnesiumcarbonate), sodium-chlor, sodium sulfate, clay, B
2o
3content 19.04%.
Enriching method:
Pulverizer is pulverized; The sieve apparatus screening of mesh size 1cm, returns on-the-sieve material to pulverizer; Undersize material material loading, to stirred pot, blendes together the slip of 60wt% with fresh water/boron-containing solution; Stir 3.5 hours; Cyclonic separation is carried out with the material inlet pressure of 0.20MPa; Collect underflow materials, centrifugation solid, dry, obtain borax concentrate; Collect overflow material, centrifugation solid tailings; Centrifuge mother liquor is returned stirred pot.
Borax concentrate: B
2o
3content 28.9%.
embodiment 6
The low-grade native borax in Tibet: from boron rock district, Rikaze, Tibet, impurity mainly comprises carbonate (calcium carbonate, magnesiumcarbonate), sodium-chlor, sodium sulfate, clay, B
2o
3content 6.91%.
Enriching method:
Pulverizer is pulverized; The sieve apparatus screening of mesh size 0.5cm, returns on-the-sieve material to pulverizer; Undersize material material loading, to stirred pot, blendes together the slip of 35wt% with fresh water/boron-containing solution; Stir 5.0 hours; Cyclonic separation is carried out with the material inlet pressure of 0.40MPa; Collect underflow materials, centrifugation solid, dry, obtain borax concentrate; Collect overflow material, centrifugation solid tailings; Centrifuge mother liquor is returned stirred pot.
Borax concentrate: B
2o
3content 30.6%.
The above the specific embodiment of the present invention, does not form limiting the scope of the present invention.Any various other done by technical conceive of the present invention change and distortion accordingly, all should be included in the protection domain of the claims in the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. for a method for the low-grade native borax in enrichment Tibet, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps:
Described low-grade native borax is the low-grade native borax of Shigatse District, Tibet, pulverizes described low-grade native borax, and sieves with the screen cloth that aperture is 0.5cm to 1.5cm, the B of described low-grade native borax
2o
3content more than 3% and lower than 25%, and comprises clay class, Sulfates, carbonate and chloride-based impurity;
Undersize material is mixed with fresh water or boron-containing solution, obtains slip;
Slip described in hydrocyclone process, obtains underflow materials and overflow material;
Underflow materials described in solid-liquid separation, obtains borax concentrate, the B of described borax concentrate
2o
3content is more than 25%.
2. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, described boron-containing solution comprises the separated mother liquor of described underflow materials, the separated mother liquor of described overflow material, boracic brine, or their arbitrary combination.
3. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, the concentration of described slip is 10wt% to 60wt%.
4. the method for claim 1, is characterized in that, underflow materials described in solid-liquid separation in the following ways at least one: spontaneous evaporation, centrifugation, oven dry.
5. for a system for the low-grade native borax in enrichment Tibet, it is characterized in that, described low-grade native borax is the B of the low-grade native borax of Shigatse District, Tibet, described low-grade native borax
2o
3content more than 3% and lower than 25%,
Comprise according to stream order:
Disintegrating apparatus, for the low-grade native borax of fragmentation;
Screening plant, for sieving the breeze through fragmentation, its mesh size is 0.5cm to 1.5cm;
Mixing equipment, for undersize material and fresh water or boron-containing solution being mixed, forms slip;
Hydrocyclone equipment, for slip described in hydrocyclone process, obtains underflow materials and overflow material.
6. system as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that, also comprise following in one or more:
Primary screen subset, it is before described disintegrating apparatus, for tentatively screening out lump ore;
Secondary screening plant, it is after described mixing equipment, for screening out the clay pellet formed in batch mixing process;
Centrifugation apparatus, for centrifugation underflow materials and/or overflow material;
Drying plant, for drying borax concentrate.
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| CN100347084C (en) * | 2006-02-21 | 2007-11-07 | 西藏奇发矿业有限公司 | Process of extracting borax decahydrate from salt lake sediment |
| CN102284345B (en) * | 2011-05-16 | 2013-10-30 | 中国科学院青海盐湖研究所 | Separation method of main impure minerals of low-grade boron rock by utilizing cyclone separator |
| RU2464102C1 (en) * | 2011-09-26 | 2012-10-20 | Закрытое Акционерное Общество Научно-Производственное Объединение "Тэн" | Ore suspension separation complex |
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