CN103989701B - Macrogol 4000 or polyethylene glycol 6000 application in preparation prevention or treatment cardiotoxicity of physaliatoxin medicine - Google Patents
Macrogol 4000 or polyethylene glycol 6000 application in preparation prevention or treatment cardiotoxicity of physaliatoxin medicine Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明涉及医药技术领域,具体涉及聚乙二醇4000或聚乙二醇6000在制备预防或治疗水母毒素心脏毒性药物中的应用,以解决目前缺乏可以在临床上应用的,预防或治疗水母毒素心脏毒性的药物,以减少水母蜇伤日益增多给人们生命带来的危害。本发明主要提供了聚乙二醇4000或聚乙二醇6000在制备预防或治疗水母毒素心脏毒性药物中的应用。聚乙二醇4000或聚乙二醇6000能有效拮抗水母毒素诱导的心肌细胞钙离子超载,从而有效拮抗水母毒素诱导的细胞毒性效应,减少了水母蜇伤引起的死亡,填补了目前临床上没有用来预防或治疗水母毒素心脏毒性药物的空白。The invention relates to the field of medical technology, in particular to the application of polyethylene glycol 4000 or polyethylene glycol 6000 in the preparation of drugs for the prevention or treatment of jellyfish toxin cardiotoxicity, so as to solve the current lack of clinically applicable drugs for the prevention or treatment of jellyfish toxin Cardiotoxic drugs to reduce the increasing number of jellyfish stings to human life. The invention mainly provides the application of polyethylene glycol 4000 or polyethylene glycol 6000 in the preparation of drugs for preventing or treating jellyfish toxin cardiotoxicity. Polyethylene glycol 4000 or polyethylene glycol 6000 can effectively antagonize the calcium overload of cardiomyocytes induced by jellyfish toxin, thereby effectively antagonizing the cytotoxic effect induced by jellyfish toxin, reducing the death caused by jellyfish stings, and filling the gap that is not currently available in clinical practice. There is a gap in drugs used to prevent or treat jellyfish toxin cardiotoxicity.
Description
技术领域technical field
本发明涉及医药技术领域,具体涉及聚乙二醇4000或聚乙二醇6000在制备预防或治疗水母毒素心脏毒性药物中的应用。The invention relates to the technical field of medicine, in particular to the application of polyethylene glycol 4000 or polyethylene glycol 6000 in the preparation of drugs for preventing or treating jellyfish toxin cardiotoxicity.
背景技术Background technique
水母是一类低等无脊椎浮游动物,属刺胞动物门(又称腔肠动物门)、钵水母纲。近年来,由于全球气候变暖、海水富营养化、鱼类过度捕捞等多种因素造成海洋生态环境严重恶化,全球许多海域水母异常增殖、暴发成灾。事实上,水母也是对人类伤害最大的海洋动物之一,水母蜇伤是最常见的海洋生物伤(Dong,Z.,etal.,JellyfishbloomsinChina:Dominantspecies,causesandconsequences[J].MarPollutBull,2010.60(7):954-63;Al-Rubiay,K.,etal.,SkinandsystemicmanifestationsofjellyfishstingsinIraqifishermen[J].LibyanJMed,2009.4(2):75-7.),全球每年约有1.5亿海水浴爱好者和渔民深受水母困扰,美国佛罗里达州每年约20万人被水母蜇伤,澳大利亚每年也有约数万人被水母蜇伤,其中致死病例也并不罕见。我国尚未见完整的关于水母蜇伤的流行病学资料,但自1983年以来,有文献报道的临床病例数已超过2000例(包括13例死亡病例),且大多是近十年的报道,呈现逐年增长趋势。水母蜇伤患者可出现剧痛、炎症与坏死等局部症状,严重者还可出现肌肉痉挛,呼吸、循环抑制甚至死亡(Burnett,J.W.,Medicalaspectsofjellyfishenvenomation:pathogenesis,casereportingandtherapy[J].Hydrobiologia,2001.451:1-9.)。Jellyfish are a class of low-level invertebrate zooplankton, belonging to the phylum Cnidaria (also known as the phylum Coelenterate), and the Gang Jellyfish. In recent years, due to various factors such as global warming, seawater eutrophication, and fish overfishing, the marine ecological environment has deteriorated severely, and jellyfish have proliferated abnormally and caused disasters in many sea areas around the world. In fact, jellyfish is also one of the most harmful marine animals to humans, and jellyfish stings are the most common marine life injuries (Dong, Z., et al., Jellyfish blooms in China: Dominant species, causes and consequences [J]. MarPollutBull, 2010.60 (7): 954-63; Al-Rubiay, K., etal., Skin and systemic manifestations of jellyfish stings in Iraqi fishermen[J].LibyanJMed, 2009.4(2):75-7.), about 150 million sea bathing enthusiasts and fishermen are troubled by jellyfish every year in the world, Florida, USA About 200,000 people in Australia are stung by jellyfish every year, and tens of thousands of people are stung by jellyfish every year in Australia, and fatal cases are not uncommon. my country has not yet seen complete epidemiological data on jellyfish stings, but since 1983, there have been more than 2,000 clinical cases (including 13 deaths) reported in the literature, and most of them were reported in the past ten years. growing trend year by year. Patients with jellyfish stings may experience local symptoms such as severe pain, inflammation and necrosis. In severe cases, muscle spasm, respiratory and circulatory depression and even death may occur (Burnett, J.W., Medical aspects of jellyfishenvenomation:pathogenesis, case reporting and therapy[J]. Hydrobiologia, 2001.451: 1- 9.).
水母蜇伤是由于其触手上密布的刺丝囊发射刺丝释放毒素所引起,水母毒素是一类结构新颖、毒性极强的肽类毒素,具有皮肤坏死、心血管、溶血、神经、肝肾、心脏等多种生物活性(XiaoL.,etal.Theacutetoxicityandhematologicalcharacterizationoftheeffectsoftentacle-onlyextractfromthejellyfishCyaneacapillata[J].MarDrugs,2011,9:526-534;XiaoL.,etal.Invitroandinvivohaemolyticstudiesoftentacle-onlyextractfromjellyfishCyaneacapillata[J].ToxicolInVitro,2010,24:1203-1207.)。其中,水母毒素的心脏毒性导致的急性循环衰竭是公认的水母蜇伤致死的主要原因。Jellyfish stings are caused by the nematocysts on the tentacles that emit nematocysts and release toxins. Jellyfish toxins are a kind of peptide toxins with novel structure and strong toxicity. They have skin necrosis, cardiovascular, hemolysis, nerve, liver and kidney. 、心脏等多种生物活性(XiaoL.,etal.Theacutetoxicityandhematologicalcharacterizationoftheeffectsoftentacle-onlyextractfromthejellyfishCyaneacapillata[J].MarDrugs,2011,9:526-534;XiaoL.,etal.Invitroandinvivohaemolyticstudiesoftentacle-onlyextractfromjellyfishCyaneacapillata[J].ToxicolInVitro,2010,24:1203- 1207.). Among them, acute circulatory failure caused by cardiotoxicity of jellyfish toxin is recognized as the main cause of death from jellyfish stings.
虽然有文献表明,水母毒素心脏毒性的作用机制可能与心肌细胞钙超载有关,而非特异性阳离子通道阻滞剂(LaCl3)可以有效地抑制心肌细胞钙超载(Bailey,P.M.,etal.,AfunctionalcomparisonofthevenomofthreeAustralianjellyfish—Chironexfleckeri,Chiropsalmussp.,andCarybdeaxaymacana—oncytosolicCa2+,haemolysisandArtemiasp.lethality[J].Toxicon,2005.45(2):233-242.),但是由于这些阻滞剂中的三价阳离子对其他离子流也有影响,如阻断ICaI和ICaT和IKr,而且不能在生理情况下应用,这就限制了它们在临床上的应用。因此,迄今为止,水母毒素心脏毒性的作用机理尚未阐明,预防或治疗水母毒素心脏毒性的药物也未见研究成功的报道。Although it has been shown in the literature that the mechanism of action of jellyfish toxin cardiotoxicity may be related to myocardial cell calcium overload, non-specific cation channel blockers (LaCl 3 ) can effectively inhibit cardiomyocyte calcium overload (Bailey, PM, et al., Afunctional comparison of the venom of three Australian jellyfish— Chironexfleckeri, Chiropsalmus sp., and Carybdeaxaymacana—oncytosolic Ca 2+ , haemolysis and Artemia sp.lethality[J].Toxicon,2005.45(2):233-242.), but because the trivalent cations in these blockers also have an impact on other ion currents, such as Blocking I CaI and I CaT and I Kr , and cannot be applied under physiological conditions, limits their clinical application. Therefore, so far, the mechanism of action of jellyfish toxin cardiotoxicity has not been elucidated, and there have been no reports of successful research on drugs for the prevention or treatment of jellyfish toxin cardiotoxicity.
聚乙二醇(英文名称:Polyethyleneglycol),化学式:HO(CH2CH2O)n,化学结构式如下:Polyethylene glycol (English name: Polyethyleneglycol), chemical formula: HO(CH 2 CH 2 O)n, chemical structural formula as follows:
聚乙二醇是一类无毒、无刺激的无机亲水聚合物,目前,市售的聚乙二醇的聚合度主要有200、300、400、600、800、1000、1500、2000、3000、4000、6000、8000。聚乙二醇可以直接注射入血液,使用安全。其主要的作用是有效修复各种因素引起的细胞膜损伤,从而阻止细胞内外离子紊乱,防止细胞死亡。在创伤性脑外伤和脊柱外伤疾病模型中,聚乙二醇具有显著治疗效果,显示出良好应用前景(Borgens,R.B.,etal.,Understandingsecondaryinjury[J].QRevBiol,2012.87(2):89-127.)。Polyethylene glycol is a kind of non-toxic, non-irritating inorganic hydrophilic polymer. At present, the degree of polymerization of polyethylene glycol on the market mainly includes 200, 300, 400, 600, 800, 1000, 1500, 2000, 3000 , 4000, 6000, 8000. Polyethylene glycol can be injected directly into the bloodstream and is safe to use. Its main function is to effectively repair the cell membrane damage caused by various factors, thereby preventing the ion disturbance inside and outside the cell and preventing cell death. In traumatic brain injury and spinal trauma disease models, polyethylene glycol has a significant therapeutic effect, showing good application prospects (Borgens, R.B., et al., Understandingsecondaryinjury[J].QRevBiol,2012.87(2):89-127. ).
但迄今为止,未见有关聚乙二醇用于预防或治疗水母毒素心脏毒性的相关报道。But so far, there are no relevant reports about the use of polyethylene glycol in the prevention or treatment of jellyfish toxin cardiotoxicity.
综合以上文献分析,目前急需一种可以在临床上应用的,预防或治疗水母毒素心脏毒性的药物,以减少水母蜇伤日益增多给人们生命带来的危害。Based on the analysis of the above literature, there is an urgent need for a drug that can be used clinically to prevent or treat the cardiotoxicity of jellyfish toxins, so as to reduce the harm to people's lives caused by the increasing number of jellyfish stings.
发明内容Contents of the invention
为了解决目前临床上缺乏有效预防或治疗水母毒素心脏毒性的药物,本发明提供了一种聚乙二醇4000或聚乙二醇6000的新用途。In order to solve the current clinical lack of effective drugs for preventing or treating jellyfish toxin cardiotoxicity, the present invention provides a new use of polyethylene glycol 4000 or polyethylene glycol 6000.
本发明提供了聚乙二醇4000或聚乙二醇6000在制备预防或治疗水母毒素心脏毒性药物中的应用。The invention provides the application of polyethylene glycol 4000 or polyethylene glycol 6000 in the preparation of drugs for preventing or treating jellyfish toxin cardiotoxicity.
本发明经试验显示,聚乙二醇4000或聚乙二醇6000可以有效拮抗水母毒素引起的外钙内流通路中心肌细胞Ca2+的升高。在离体心脏实验中,聚乙二醇4000或6000有效抑制水母毒素引起的心功能异常。在小鼠或大鼠中毒模型上,静脉注射聚乙二醇4000或6000能显著提高动物生存率,同时改善水母毒素引起的心功能异常。Tests in the present invention show that polyethylene glycol 4000 or polyethylene glycol 6000 can effectively antagonize the increase of cardiomyocyte Ca 2+ in the external calcium influx pathway caused by jellyfish toxin. In the isolated heart experiment, polyethylene glycol 4000 or 6000 effectively inhibited the abnormal heart function caused by jellyfish toxin. In the mouse or rat poisoning model, intravenous injection of polyethylene glycol 4000 or 6000 can significantly improve the survival rate of animals, and at the same time improve the cardiac dysfunction caused by jellyfish toxin.
本发明所述的聚乙二醇4000或聚乙二醇6000在制备预防或治疗水母毒素心脏毒性药物中的应用,所述药物的剂型为注射剂。剂量一般为100~150mg/公斤体重/天,具体可根据个体的年龄、病情等进行变化。The application of the polyethylene glycol 4000 or polyethylene glycol 6000 of the present invention in the preparation of a medicine for preventing or treating jellyfish toxin cardiotoxicity, and the dosage form of the medicine is an injection. The dose is generally 100-150 mg/kg body weight/day, which can be changed according to the age and condition of the individual.
本发明人发现发形霞水母(Cyaneacapillata,C.capillata)粗毒提取液(tentacleextract,TE)可导致实验动物心脏组织Ca2+含量异常增高以及心肌细胞胞浆钙浓度([Ca2+]i)异常升高(即钙超载),表明水母毒素是通过诱导心肌细胞钙超载影响心脏的正常生理功能。The present inventors found that the venomous extract (tentacleextract, TE) of Cyanea capillata (C.capillata) can lead to an abnormal increase of Ca 2+ content in the heart tissue of experimental animals and the concentration of calcium in the cytoplasm of cardiomyocytes ([Ca 2+ ] i ) abnormally increased (that is, calcium overload), indicating that jellyfish toxin affects the normal physiological function of the heart by inducing myocardial cell calcium overload.
此外,本发明人采用药物干预的方法对心肌细胞Ca2+升高的途径进行研究,结果发现:TE既能激活外钙内流通路,也能激活内钙释放通路。In addition, the present inventors used drug intervention to study the pathway of Ca 2+ increase in cardiomyocytes, and found that TE can activate both the external calcium influx pathway and the internal calcium release pathway.
在内钙释放通路中,RyR抑制剂Ryanodine(20μM)能显著抑制TE诱发的胞浆[Ca2+]i升高,但PKA抑制剂H89(10μM)不能抑制TE诱发的胞浆[Ca2+]i升高,说明TE不是通过cAMP/PKA/RyR信号通路激活内钙释放通路的,而可能是直接(毒素成分进入胞浆直接激活RyR通路)或通过其他途径(如钙诱导的钙释放通路等)激活RyR引起内钙释放的。但是,由于RyR抑制剂Ryanodine对骨骼肌和心肌组织均有明显麻痹作用,因此无法用于人和动物的药物开发研究。In the internal calcium release pathway, the RyR inhibitor Ryanodine (20 μM) could significantly inhibit the TE-induced increase in cytoplasmic [Ca 2+ ] i , but the PKA inhibitor H89 (10 μM) could not inhibit the TE-induced cytoplasmic [Ca 2+ ] i increased, indicating that TE does not activate the internal calcium release pathway through the cAMP/PKA/RyR signaling pathway, but may be directly (toxin components enter the cytoplasm to directly activate the RyR pathway) or through other pathways (such as calcium-induced calcium release pathway etc.) Activation of RyR causes internal calcium release. However, because the RyR inhibitor Ryanodine has obvious paralyzing effects on both skeletal muscle and cardiac muscle tissue, it cannot be used in human and animal drug development research.
在外钙内流通路中,L-型钙通道阻滞剂(包括维拉帕米,硝苯地平,地尔硫卓)没有拮抗效果;非特异性阳离子通道阻滞剂LaCl3(100μM)能部分拮抗TE诱导的[Ca2+]i升高;膜封堵剂聚乙二醇(25mM)对TE诱发的钙升高有极强的抑制效果,但与其分子量大小密切有关:聚乙二醇200-1000几乎无效,聚乙二醇2000部分有效,聚乙二醇4000或6000完全抑制TE引起的钙升高,聚乙二醇8000由于溶解度不好,对TE引发的钙升高的抑制效果也不佳。因此,我们认为TE并不影响心肌细胞膜上已有的L-型钙通道,TE的毒素组分中含有孔道形成蛋白,后者能快速在细胞膜上形成孔道,引起胞外Ca2+内流,最终导致心肌细胞钙超载,聚乙二醇4000或聚乙二醇6000能够有效修复细胞膜上形成的孔道,拮抗TE引起的[Ca2+]i升高。In the external calcium influx pathway, L-type calcium channel blockers (including verapamil, nifedipine, diltiazem) have no antagonistic effect; the non-specific cation channel blocker LaCl 3 (100 μM) can partially antagonize the TE-induced [Ca 2+ ] i increased; the membrane blocking agent polyethylene glycol (25mM) has a strong inhibitory effect on the increase of calcium induced by TE, but it is closely related to its molecular weight: polyethylene glycol 200-1000 is almost ineffective , polyethylene glycol 2000 is partially effective, polyethylene glycol 4000 or 6000 completely inhibits the increase in calcium caused by TE, and polyethylene glycol 8000 has a poor inhibitory effect on the increase in calcium caused by TE due to its poor solubility. Therefore, we believe that TE does not affect the existing L-type calcium channel on the myocardial cell membrane. The toxin component of TE contains pore-forming protein, which can quickly form pores on the cell membrane and cause extracellular Ca 2+ influx. Eventually lead to calcium overload in cardiomyocytes, polyethylene glycol 4000 or polyethylene glycol 6000 can effectively repair the pores formed on the cell membrane and antagonize the increase in [Ca 2+ ] i caused by TE.
本发明所述的聚乙二醇4000为聚合度为4000的聚乙二醇。The polyethylene glycol 4000 described in the present invention is polyethylene glycol with a degree of polymerization of 4000.
本发明所述的聚乙二醇6000为聚合度为6000的聚乙二醇。The polyethylene glycol 6000 described in the present invention is polyethylene glycol with a degree of polymerization of 6000.
本发明所述聚乙二醇4000或聚乙二醇6000在制备预防或治疗水母毒素心脏毒性药物中的应用,其中的水母是发形霞水母。The application of polyethylene glycol 4000 or polyethylene glycol 6000 of the present invention in the preparation of drugs for preventing or treating jellyfish toxin cardiotoxicity, wherein the jellyfish is jellyfish jellyfish.
本发明所述聚乙二醇4000或聚乙二醇6000在制备预防或治疗水母毒素心脏毒性药物中的应用,其中的预防或治疗水母毒素心脏毒性药物用于改善水母毒素引起的心功能异常。The application of polyethylene glycol 4000 or polyethylene glycol 6000 in the preparation of medicines for preventing or treating jellyfish toxin cardiotoxicity, wherein the medicine for preventing or treating jellyfish toxin cardiotoxicity is used to improve cardiac dysfunction caused by jellyfish toxin.
本发明所述聚乙二醇4000或聚乙二醇6000在制备预防或治疗水母毒素心脏毒性药物中的应用,其中的预防或治疗水母毒素心脏毒性药物用于改善水母毒素导致的急性循环衰竭。The application of polyethylene glycol 4000 or polyethylene glycol 6000 in the preparation of medicines for preventing or treating jellyfish toxin cardiotoxicity, wherein the medicine for preventing or treating jellyfish toxin cardiotoxicity is used to improve acute circulatory failure caused by jellyfish toxin.
本发明提供了聚乙二醇4000或聚乙二醇6000在制备预防或治疗水母毒素心脏毒性药物中的应用,聚乙二醇4000或聚乙二醇6000能有效拮抗水母毒素诱导的心肌细胞钙离子超载,从而有效拮抗水母毒素诱导的细胞毒性效应,减少了水母蜇伤引起的死亡,填补了目前临床上没有用来预防或治疗水母毒素心脏毒性药物的空白。The invention provides the application of polyethylene glycol 4000 or polyethylene glycol 6000 in the preparation of drugs for preventing or treating jellyfish toxin cardiotoxicity, polyethylene glycol 4000 or polyethylene glycol 6000 can effectively antagonize the cardiomyocyte calcium induced by jellyfish toxin The ion overload can effectively antagonize the cytotoxic effect induced by jellyfish toxin, reduce the death caused by jellyfish sting, and fill in the gap that there is no drug currently used to prevent or treat jellyfish toxin cardiotoxicity.
附图说明Description of drawings
图1为H9c2细胞水平,空白对照组发形霞水母毒素诱导的钙超载钙离子浓度变化,其中,A为钙荧光图像(40倍);B为钙离子浓度时间变化图;Fig. 1 is H9c2 cell level, the change of calcium ion concentration of calcium overload induced by the blank control group jellyfish toxin, wherein, A is the calcium fluorescence image (40 times); B is the time change diagram of calcium ion concentration;
图2为H9c2细胞水平,PEG200(25mM)拮抗发形霞水母毒素诱导的钙超载钙离子浓度变化,其中,A为钙荧光图像(40倍);B为钙离子浓度时间变化图;Figure 2 is H9c2 cell level, PEG200 (25mM) antagonizes the calcium overload calcium ion concentration induced by jellyfish toxin, wherein, A is a calcium fluorescence image (40 times); B is a time-varying diagram of calcium ion concentration;
图3为H9c2细胞水平,PEG600(25mM)拮抗发形霞水母毒素诱导的钙超载钙离子浓度变化,其中,A为钙荧光图像(40倍);B为钙离子浓度时间变化图;Figure 3 is H9c2 cell level, PEG600 (25mM) antagonizes the calcium overload calcium ion concentration induced by jellyfish toxin, wherein, A is the calcium fluorescence image (40 times); B is the time change diagram of calcium ion concentration;
图4为H9c2细胞水平,PEG1000(25mM)拮抗发形霞水母毒素诱导的钙超载钙离子浓度变化,其中,A为钙荧光图像(40倍);B为钙离子浓度时间变化图;Figure 4 is H9c2 cell level, PEG1000 (25mM) antagonizes the calcium overload calcium ion concentration induced by jellyfish toxin, wherein, A is the calcium fluorescence image (40 times); B is the time change diagram of calcium ion concentration;
图5为H9c2细胞水平,PEG2000(25mM)拮抗发形霞水母毒素诱导的钙超载钙离子浓度变化,其中,A为钙荧光图像(40倍);B为钙离子浓度时间变化图;Figure 5 is H9c2 cell level, PEG2000 (25mM) antagonizes the calcium overload calcium ion concentration induced by jellyfish toxin, wherein, A is the calcium fluorescence image (40 times); B is the time change diagram of calcium ion concentration;
图6为H9c2细胞水平,PEG4000(25mM)拮抗发形霞水母毒素诱导的钙超载钙离子浓度变化,其中,A为钙荧光图像(40倍);B为钙离子浓度时间变化图;Figure 6 is H9c2 cell level, PEG4000 (25mM) antagonizes the calcium overload calcium ion concentration induced by jellyfish toxin, wherein, A is the calcium fluorescence image (40 times); B is the time change diagram of calcium ion concentration;
图7为H9c2细胞水平,PEG6000(25mM)拮抗发形霞水母毒素诱导的钙超载钙离子浓度变化,其中,A为钙荧光图像(40倍);B为钙离子浓度时间变化图;Figure 7 is H9c2 cell level, PEG6000 (25mM) antagonizes the calcium overload calcium ion concentration induced by jellyfish toxin, wherein, A is the calcium fluorescence image (40 times); B is the time change diagram of calcium ion concentration;
图8为H9c2细胞水平,PEG4000/6000(10mM)拮抗发形霞水母毒素诱导的细胞毒性效应;Figure 8 is the level of H9c2 cells, PEG4000/6000 (10mM) antagonizes the cytotoxic effect induced by jellyfish toxin;
图9为离体心脏水平,PEG4000/6000(25μM)拮抗发形霞水母毒素心脏毒性效应;Fig. 9 is the isolated heart level, PEG4000/6000 (25 μ M) antagonizes the cardiotoxic effect of jellyfish toxin;
其中,A为心率变化;Among them, A is the heart rate change;
B为冠脉流量变化;B is the change of coronary flow;
C为左室压上升最大变化速率;C is the maximum change rate of left ventricular pressure rise;
D为左室压下降最大变化速率;D is the maximum change rate of left ventricular pressure drop;
E为左室发展压变化;E is the change of left ventricular development pressure;
F为左室舒张末压变化;F is the change of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure;
图10为整体动物水平,PEG4000/6000(25mM)拮抗发形霞水母毒素诱导的小鼠急性死亡率变化;Figure 10 is the whole animal level, PEG4000/6000 (25mM) antagonizes the change of acute mortality in mice induced by jellyfish toxin;
图11为整体动物水平,PEG4000/6000(25mM)拮抗发形霞水母毒素诱导的大鼠心功能异常;Figure 11 is the whole animal level, PEG4000/6000 (25mM) antagonizes the abnormal cardiac function of rats induced by jellyfish toxin;
其中,A为心率变化;Among them, A is the heart rate change;
B为平均动脉压变化;B is the mean arterial pressure change;
C为左室压上升最大变化速率;C is the maximum change rate of left ventricular pressure rise;
D为左室压下降最大变化速率;D is the maximum change rate of left ventricular pressure drop;
E为左室发展压变化;E is the change of left ventricular development pressure;
F为左室舒张末压变化。F is the change of left ventricular end-diastolic pressure.
具体实施方式detailed description
下面结合本发明的实施例和附图对本发明的实施作详细说明,以下实施例是在以本发明技术方案为前提下进行实施,给出了详细的实施方式和具体的操作过程,但本发明的保护范围不限于下述的实施例。The implementation of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention and the accompanying drawings. The following embodiments are implemented on the premise of the technical solution of the present invention, and detailed implementation methods and specific operating procedures are provided. However, the present invention The scope of protection is not limited to the following examples.
以下实施例所用的发形霞水母C.capillata于2012年8月采自浙江省三门湾海域,经集美大学水产学院洪惠馨教授鉴定,属刺胞动物门(又称腔肠动物门)、钵水母纲、霞水母属。The jellyfish C. capillata used in the following examples was collected from the Sanmen Bay sea area of Zhejiang Province in August 2012. After being identified by Professor Hong Huixin of the School of Fisheries of Jimei University, it belongs to the phylum Cnidaria (also known as the phylum Coelenterate), and the phylum Cnidaria. Jellyfish class, Xia jellyfish genus.
以下实施例所用的PEG200-6000购自生工生物公司,也可购自天津天成制药有限公司等。The PEG200-6000 used in the following examples was purchased from Sangon Biotechnology Co., Ltd., and can also be purchased from Tianjin Tiancheng Pharmaceutical Co., Ltd., etc.
实施例1.制备水母粗毒提取液Embodiment 1. prepare jellyfish crude poisonous extract
发形霞水母C.capillata于2012年8月采自浙江省三门湾海域,迅速剪下其触手,立即将触手干冰冷冻,运回后置于-70℃超低温冰箱冻存备用。制备TE时,称取适量的触手样品,加入等体积自配3.34%海水(NaCl28g,MgCl2·6H2O5g,KCl0.8g,CaCl21.033g,加水定容至1L)于4℃自溶4天,磁力搅拌器每日搅拌2次,30min/次。用100目细胞筛网过滤3次,滤液10000×g离心3次,15min/次,上述操作均在冰浴中进行。离心后所收集的上清即为TE,检测TE蛋白浓度(Bradford法)后,用50ml离心管分装,并于-70℃冻存样品。每次使用TE前用PBS溶液4℃透析过夜。The jellyfish C. capillata was collected from the waters of Sanmen Bay, Zhejiang Province in August 2012. Its tentacles were cut off quickly, and the tentacles were immediately frozen on dry ice. When preparing TE, weigh an appropriate amount of tentacles, add an equal volume of self-prepared 3.34% seawater (NaCl28g, MgCl2 · 6H2O5g, KCl0.8g, CaCl21.033g , add water to 1L) and autodissolve at 4°C4 Every day, the magnetic stirrer stirred twice a day, 30min/time. Filter 3 times with a 100-mesh cell sieve, and centrifuge the filtrate 3 times at 10,000×g for 15 min each time. The above operations are all carried out in an ice bath. The supernatant collected after centrifugation was TE, and after detecting the TE protein concentration (Bradford method), it was aliquoted in 50ml centrifuge tubes, and the samples were frozen at -70°C. Dialyze with PBS solution at 4°C overnight before each use of TE.
实施例2.在心肌细胞、离体心脏以及整体动物三个层面,PEG4000/6000拮抗水母毒素心脏毒性实验Example 2. PEG4000/6000 antagonizes jellyfish toxin cardiotoxicity experiment at three levels of cardiomyocytes, isolated heart and whole animal
实验用PEG200-6000购自生工生物公司,其中PEG200和PEG600为无色透明液体,PEG1000为白色蜡状固体,PEG2000、4000、6000为白色固体。The PEG200-6000 used in the experiment was purchased from Sangon Biotech, in which PEG200 and PEG600 were colorless transparent liquids, PEG1000 was a white waxy solid, and PEG2000, 4000, and 6000 were white solids.
2.1在心肌细胞水平,PEG4000/6000能够明显拮抗水母毒素诱导的细胞钙超载2.1 At the level of cardiomyocytes, PEG4000/6000 can significantly antagonize the cellular calcium overload induced by jellyfish toxin
大鼠心肌细胞株(H9c2,编号:1307)购于中科院细胞库。完全培养液为含10%胎牛血清,100U/mL青霉素,100μg/mL链霉素的DMEM高糖培养基,培养条件为37℃、5%CO2、相对湿度95%。镜下观察,待细胞生长至80%左右时,用0.25%胰蛋白酶(含0.02%EDTA)消化细胞,进行细胞传代。每2-3天更换一次培养液。Rat cardiomyocyte cell line (H9c2, number: 1307) was purchased from the Cell Bank of the Chinese Academy of Sciences. The complete culture medium is DMEM high-glucose medium containing 10% fetal bovine serum, 100 U/mL penicillin, and 100 μg/mL streptomycin, and the culture conditions are 37° C., 5% CO 2 , and 95% relative humidity. Observe under a microscope, when the cells grow to about 80%, the cells are digested with 0.25% trypsin (containing 0.02% EDTA), and the cells are passaged. Change the culture medium every 2-3 days.
在共聚焦皿中培养H9c2细胞48h以上,光镜下观察细胞密度达80%时开始实验。将Fluo-4/AM(购买自美国Invitrogen公司)10μmol/L应用液加入培养皿避光孵育30-40min后,用无钙Hepes液(160.8mMNaCl,3.15mMKCl,0.7mMNa2HPO4.12H2O,33mMHEPES,pH7.65)清洗3遍,以去除未负载的游离Fluo-4/AM背景。实验分为:TE组、PEG200-6000药物干预组。具体是指,在培养皿中分别加入含钙Hepes液(160.8mMNaCl,3.15mMKCl,0.7mMNa2HPO4.12H2O,33mMHEPES,0.075%CaCl.2H2O,pH7.65)和含钙Hepes液(含PEG200-6000,25mM)各200μl,放入37℃培养箱孵育,15min后放在共聚焦显微镜的载物台上待检。设置参数:①激发波长为488nm,发射波长为526nm,每隔10s扫描1次,连续扫描50张;②扫描方式:xyt(时间序列扫描);③扫描密度:512×512;④物镜倍数:40倍。设置好上述参数后,调节焦平面使荧光图像最清晰,选定细胞开始记录、采集图像,待第5张图像拍摄结束后,加入TE(20μg/mL),连续观察TE加入后细胞内Ca2+荧光的动态变化。计算[Ca2+]i荧光强度增加百分数(%)=(Fmax-F0)/F0×100%,其中Fmax是加入TE后各组峰值的[Ca2+]i荧光强度,F0是加入TE前[Ca2+]i荧光静息强度。The H9c2 cells were cultured in the confocal dish for more than 48 hours, and the experiment was started when the cell density reached 80% under the light microscope. Add Fluo-4/AM (purchased from Invitrogen, USA) 10 μmol/L application solution to the petri dish and incubate for 30-40 minutes in the dark, then use calcium-free Hepes solution (160.8mMNaCl, 3.15mMKCl, 0.7mMNa 2 HPO 4 .12H 2 O , 33mM HEPES, pH7.65) washed 3 times to remove the unloaded free Fluo-4/AM background. The experiment was divided into: TE group, PEG200-6000 drug intervention group. Specifically, add calcium-containing Hepes solution (160.8mMNaCl, 3.15mMKCl , 0.7mMNa2HPO4.12H2O , 33mMHEPES , 0.075% CaCl.2H2O , pH7.65) and calcium-containing Hepes solution to the culture dish (Containing PEG200-6000, 25mM) 200 μl each, placed in a 37°C incubator for incubation, and placed on the stage of a confocal microscope after 15 minutes for inspection. Setting parameters: ① The excitation wavelength is 488nm, the emission wavelength is 526nm, scan once every 10s, and continuously scan 50 sheets; ② Scanning method: xyt (time series scanning); ③ Scanning density: 512×512; ④ Objective lens multiple: 40 times. After setting the above parameters, adjust the focal plane to make the fluorescence image clearest, select the cells to record and collect images, add TE (20 μg/mL) after the fifth image is taken, and continuously observe the intracellular Ca 2 after TE is added. + Dynamic changes in fluorescence. Calculate the increase percentage of [Ca 2+ ] i fluorescence intensity (%)=(F max -F 0 )/F 0 ×100%, where F max is the peak [Ca 2+ ] i fluorescence intensity of each group after adding TE, F 0 is the resting intensity of [Ca 2+ ] i fluorescence before adding TE.
比较PEG200-6000对TE诱导的[Ca2+]i升高的影响,来判断PEG是否有保护细胞膜,抑制心肌细胞钙超载的作用。结果如图1-7所示,发现PEG200-1000对TE诱导的钙超载几乎无效,PEG2000部分有效,PEG4000/6000能完全抑制TE诱导的钙超载,提示PEG4000/6000可以有效抑制水母毒素诱导的钙超载,具有明显的拮抗心脏毒性的效应。The effects of PEG200-6000 on the increase of [Ca 2+ ] i induced by TE were compared to determine whether PEG can protect the cell membrane and inhibit the calcium overload of cardiomyocytes. The results are shown in Figures 1-7. It was found that PEG200-1000 was almost ineffective on TE-induced calcium overload, PEG2000 was partially effective, and PEG4000/6000 could completely inhibit TE-induced calcium overload, suggesting that PEG4000/6000 could effectively inhibit the calcium overload induced by jellyfish toxin. Overloading has a significant antagonizing effect on cardiotoxicity.
2.2在心肌细胞水平,PEG4000/6000能够明显拮抗水母毒素心肌细胞毒性2.2 At the cardiomyocyte level, PEG4000/6000 can significantly antagonize the cardiomyocyte toxicity of jellyfish toxin
H9c2细胞活力采用MTT法测定,实验分TE组、PEG4000/6000药物干预组(每组n=6)。其中TE组中,对照孔中加入不含TE的等体积培养液,毒素孔中加入不同浓度的TE(2.5-100μg/ml);PEG4000/6000药物干预组中,药物内参孔分别给予PEG4000/6000(10mM)孵育,但不加入TE;药物干预孔给予PEG4000/6000(10mM)孵育,15min后再加入不同浓度的TE(2.5-100μg/ml)。处理完毕后,将96孔板放入培养箱继续孵育2h,然后每孔加入20μlMTT溶液(5mg/mL),轻轻摇匀,继续培养4h后,吸净培养液,每孔加入200μlDMSO溶液,室温轻摇30min,待紫色结晶完全溶解后,用酶标仪490nm波长下检测各组吸光度(OD值)。TE组细胞存活率(%)=TE浓度组OD值/对照组OD值×100%。PEG组细胞存活率(%)=PEG干预组OD值/PEG内参组OD值×100%The viability of H9c2 cells was measured by MTT method, and the experiment was divided into TE group and PEG4000/6000 drug intervention group (n=6 in each group). Among them, in the TE group, an equal volume of culture solution without TE was added to the control wells, and different concentrations of TE (2.5-100 μg/ml) were added to the toxin wells; in the PEG4000/6000 drug intervention group, PEG4000/6000 (10mM) for incubation without TE; drug intervention wells were given PEG4000/6000 (10mM) for incubation, and then TE (2.5-100μg/ml) of different concentrations was added after 15min. After the treatment, put the 96-well plate into the incubator and continue to incubate for 2 hours, then add 20 μl of MTT solution (5 mg/mL) to each well, shake gently, and continue to incubate for 4 hours, suck up the culture medium, add 200 μl of DMSO solution to each well, and keep at room temperature. Shake gently for 30 min, and after the purple crystals are completely dissolved, detect the absorbance (OD value) of each group at a wavelength of 490 nm with a microplate reader. Cell survival rate (%) in TE group=OD value of TE concentration group/OD value of control group×100%. Cell survival rate in PEG group (%)=OD value of PEG intervention group/OD value of PEG internal reference group×100%
比较PEG4000/6000组细胞存活率与相应的TE组细胞存活率,从而判断PEG4000/6000是否在心肌细胞水平具有拮抗水母毒素细胞毒性效应。结果如图8所示,显示PEG4000/6000均能够显著提高经水母毒素处理的心肌细胞的存活率,说明在心肌细胞水平,PEG4000/6000具有明显的拮抗心肌细胞毒性的效应。The cell survival rate of the PEG4000/6000 group was compared with the corresponding cell survival rate of the TE group, so as to determine whether PEG4000/6000 has the effect of antagonizing the cytotoxic effect of jellyfish toxin at the cardiomyocyte level. The results are shown in Figure 8, showing that both PEG4000/6000 can significantly increase the survival rate of cardiomyocytes treated with jellyfish toxin, indicating that at the level of cardiomyocytes, PEG4000/6000 has an obvious effect of antagonizing cardiomyocyte toxicity.
2.3在离体心脏水平,PEG4000/6000能够拮抗水母毒素心脏毒性2.3 At the isolated heart level, PEG4000/6000 can antagonize jellyfish toxin cardiotoxicity
雄性SD大鼠24只(购买自中国人民解放军第二军医大学实验动物中心),体重300±20g,用含肝素(400IU/kg)的乌拉坦(购买自国药集团化学试剂公司)1.2g/kg腹腔麻醉后,迅速开胸取心,并置于4℃预冷的Krebs-Henseleit(KH,mmol/L:NaCl118,KCl4.7,MgSO41.2,NaHCO325,KH2PO41.2,CaCl22.5,葡萄糖11.0,pH7.35-7.45)溶液中停搏。按照经典的Langendorff法,将主动脉固定在灌流装置插管固定器上的一个插管上,打开三通阀,接通37℃预热的KH灌流液,使心脏复跳。灌流液预先以95%O2与5%CO2充分饱和,灌流压力维持在60-80mmHg。待心脏灌流稳定后,切开左心耳,经切口向左心室插入球囊,并通过压力传感器连接生物信号分析系统(MPA-2000,奥尔科特,上海)。然后向球囊缓慢注入水,使囊内压维持在2-8mmHg。24 male SD rats (purchased from the Experimental Animal Center of the Second Military Medical University of the Chinese People's Liberation Army), weighing 300±20g, were treated with 1.2g/kg of urethane containing heparin (400IU/kg) (purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Company) After intraperitoneal anesthesia, the heart was quickly opened and placed in Krebs-Henseleit (KH, mmol/L: NaCl118, KCl4.7, MgSO 4 1.2, NaHCO 3 25, KH 2 PO 4 1.2, CaCl 2 2.5, glucose 11.0, pH7.35-7.45) in the solution for arrest. According to the classic Langendorff method, the aorta was fixed on a cannula on the cannula holder of the perfusion device, the three-way valve was opened, and the KH perfusate preheated at 37°C was connected to restart the heart. The perfusate was fully saturated with 95% O2 and 5% CO2 in advance, and the perfusion pressure was maintained at 60-80mmHg. After the cardiac perfusion was stable, the left atrial appendage was incised, a balloon was inserted into the left ventricle through the incision, and a biosignal analysis system (MPA-2000, Alcott, Shanghai) was connected through the pressure sensor. Then slowly inject water into the balloon to maintain the pressure inside the balloon at 2-8mmHg.
实验过程中全程记录心率(HR)、左心室内压最大上升速率(dP/dtmax)、左心室内压最大下降速率(dP/dtmin)、左心室发展压(LVDP)、左心室舒张末压(LVEDP)以及冠脉流量(CF)等心功能指标。Heart rate (HR), maximum rise rate of left ventricular pressure (dP/dtmax), maximum drop rate of left ventricular pressure (dP/dtmin), left ventricular developed pressure (LVDP), left ventricular end-diastolic pressure ( Cardiac function indicators such as LVEDP) and coronary flow (CF).
24只SD大鼠随机分为对照组(生理盐水+生理盐水)、TE中毒组(生理盐水+TE)和PEG4000/6000药物干预组(PEG4000/6000+TE)共4组,每组各6只。其中PEG通过KH液灌注给药(25μM),TE通过侧管给药(0.18mg),给药后观察离体心脏各心功能指标的变化。结果如图9所示,显示PEG4000/6000药物干预组的HR、CF、dP/dt以及LVDP等心功能指标均明显优于TE组,说明在离体心脏水平,PEG4000/6000具有明显的拮抗水母毒素心脏毒性的效应。24 SD rats were randomly divided into 4 groups: control group (normal saline+normal saline), TE poisoning group (normal saline+TE) and PEG4000/6000 drug intervention group (PEG4000/6000+TE), 6 rats in each group . Among them, PEG was administered through perfusion of KH solution (25 μM), and TE was administered through a side tube (0.18 mg). After administration, the changes of each heart function index in the isolated heart were observed. The results are shown in Figure 9, showing that HR, CF, dP/dt and LVDP of the PEG4000/6000 drug intervention group were significantly better than those of the TE group, indicating that PEG4000/6000 had a significant antagonistic effect on the jellyfish at the isolated heart level. Cardiotoxic effects of toxins.
2.4在整体动物水平,PEG能够拮抗水母毒素诱导的小鼠急性死亡2.4 At the whole animal level, PEG can antagonize the acute death of mice induced by jellyfish toxin
将昆明小鼠(购买自中国人民解放军第二军医大学实验动物中心)随机分为正常对照组(生理盐水+生理盐水),阴性治疗组(TE+生理盐水),PEG4000/6000治疗组(TE+PEG4000/6000),每组各10只。其中,治疗组先给予尾静脉注射TE(8.4mg/kg),然后立即注射生理盐水或PEG;正常对照组给予两次等体积的生理盐水注射,给药后观察并记录48h内小鼠的死亡情况。结果如图10所示,PEG4000/6000明显降低TE诱导的急性死亡率,相比TE组(2h内小鼠全部死亡),PEG4000注射后2h小鼠全部存活,48h后存活率为20%;PEG6000注射后2h小鼠存活率为80%,48h后存活率为50%,说明PEG4000/6000能明显降低TE诱导的急性中毒死亡。Kunming mice (purchased from the Experimental Animal Center of the Second Military Medical University of the Chinese People's Liberation Army) were randomly divided into normal control group (normal saline+normal saline), negative treatment group (TE+normal saline), PEG4000/6000 treatment group (TE+PEG4000 /6000), 10 in each group. Among them, the treatment group was given tail vein injection of TE (8.4mg/kg), and then immediately injected with normal saline or PEG; the normal control group was given two injections of equal volume of normal saline, and the death of mice within 48 hours was observed and recorded after administration. Condition. The results are shown in Figure 10, PEG4000/6000 significantly reduced the acute mortality induced by TE, compared with the TE group (all mice died within 2h), all mice survived 2h after PEG4000 injection, and the survival rate was 20% after 48h; PEG6000 The survival rate of mice was 80% 2 hours after injection, and 50% after 48 hours, indicating that PEG4000/6000 can significantly reduce the acute poisoning death induced by TE.
2.5在整体动物水平,PEG能够拮抗水母毒素诱导的大鼠心功能指标异常2.5 At the level of the whole animal, PEG can antagonize the abnormal cardiac function indexes of rats induced by jellyfish toxin
雄性SD大鼠(购买自中国人民解放军第二军医大学实验动物中心)24只,体重200±20g,随机分为正常对照组(生理盐水+生理盐水),阴性治疗组(TE+生理盐水),PEG4000/6000治疗组(TE+PEG4000/6000)共4组,每组各6只。25%乌拉坦(购买自国药集团化学试剂公司)1.2g/kg腹腔麻醉后固定,行动静脉插管术。其中,左侧股动脉插管连接压力感受器,生物信号分析系统(MPA-2000,奥尔科特,上海)监测并记录平均动脉压(MAP)的变化。右侧颈总动脉插管至左心室,监测如下心功能指标:HR、dP/dtmax、dP/dtmin、LVDP以及LVEDP。右侧颈外静脉插管用于静脉给药,其中,治疗组先给予TE(2.4mg/kg),1min后分别给予生理盐水或PEG4000/6000作为阴性治疗组和PEG4000/6000治疗组;正常对照组给予两次等体积的生理盐水注射。24 male SD rats (purchased from the Experimental Animal Center of the Second Military Medical University of the Chinese People's Liberation Army), weighing 200±20g, were randomly divided into normal control group (normal saline+normal saline), negative treatment group (TE+normal saline), PEG4000 /6000 treatment group (TE+PEG4000/6000) consisted of 4 groups, 6 rats in each group. After intraperitoneal anesthesia with 25% urethane (purchased from Sinopharm Chemical Reagent Company) 1.2g/kg, fixation, and intravenous catheterization. Among them, the left femoral artery cannula was connected to the baroreceptor, and the biological signal analysis system (MPA-2000, Alcott, Shanghai) monitored and recorded the change of mean arterial pressure (MAP). The right common carotid artery was cannulated into the left ventricle, and the following cardiac function indicators were monitored: HR, dP/dtmax, dP/dtmin, LVDP, and LVEDP. The right external jugular vein cannula was used for intravenous administration. The treatment group was given TE (2.4 mg/kg) first, and then normal saline or PEG4000/6000 were given 1 min later as the negative treatment group and PEG4000/6000 treatment group; normal control The group was given two injections of equal volume of normal saline.
结果如图11所示,显示PEG4000/6000明显缓解了TE诱导的心功能指标(HR,MAP,dP/dtmax,dP/dtmin,LVDP)下降,说明在整体动物水平,PEG4000/6000可以明显拮抗水母毒素的心脏毒性。The results are shown in Figure 11, showing that PEG4000/6000 significantly alleviated the decline in TE-induced cardiac function indicators (HR, MAP, dP/dtmax, dP/dtmin, LVDP), indicating that at the overall animal level, PEG4000/6000 can significantly antagonize jellyfish Cardiotoxicity of the toxin.
上述实施例为本发明较佳的实施方式,但本发明的实施方式不受上述实施例的限制。其他任何不脱离本发明之精神和原理下所作的变形,均应认为是本发明的保护范围。The above examples are preferred implementations of the present invention, but the implementation of the present invention is not limited by the above examples. Any other modifications made without departing from the spirit and principle of the present invention shall be considered within the protection scope of the present invention.
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