CN1039873A - The side-entry grooves that is used for mounting turbine blades - Google Patents

The side-entry grooves that is used for mounting turbine blades Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1039873A
CN1039873A CN89106190A CN89106190A CN1039873A CN 1039873 A CN1039873 A CN 1039873A CN 89106190 A CN89106190 A CN 89106190A CN 89106190 A CN89106190 A CN 89106190A CN 1039873 A CN1039873 A CN 1039873A
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CN
China
Prior art keywords
rotor
mounting groove
root
projection
blade
Prior art date
Legal status (The legal status is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the status listed.)
Pending
Application number
CN89106190A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
罗杰·沃尔梅·海林
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CBS Corp
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Westinghouse Electric Corp
Priority date (The priority date is an assumption and is not a legal conclusion. Google has not performed a legal analysis and makes no representation as to the accuracy of the date listed.)
Filing date
Publication date
Application filed by Westinghouse Electric Corp filed Critical Westinghouse Electric Corp
Publication of CN1039873A publication Critical patent/CN1039873A/en
Pending legal-status Critical Current

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    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D1/00Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines
    • F01D1/34Non-positive-displacement machines or engines, e.g. steam turbines characterised by non-bladed rotor, e.g. with drilled holes
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/02Blade-carrying members, e.g. rotors
    • F01D5/08Heating, heat-insulating or cooling means
    • F01D5/081Cooling fluid being directed on the side of the rotor disc or at the roots of the blades
    • F01D5/084Cooling fluid being directed on the side of the rotor disc or at the roots of the blades the fluid circulating at the periphery of a multistage rotor, e.g. of drum type
    • FMECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
    • F01MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
    • F01DNON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
    • F01D5/00Blades; Blade-carrying members; Heating, heat-insulating, cooling or antivibration means on the blades or the members
    • F01D5/30Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers
    • F01D5/3007Fixing blades to rotors; Blade roots ; Blade spacers of axial insertion type

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
  • General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Turbine Rotor Nozzle Sealing (AREA)

Abstract

The rotor stack of a steamturbine (10), its rotor (12) has some rotor blades mounting portion (44,46,48,50,52,54), the sidewall (66 that band has two profile symmetries on it, 68) and the side of a bottom surface (64) advance mounting groove (56,58,60), in addition, each root of blade (80) shape shape unanimity of its corresponding mounting groove basically wherein, cooling channel (102,104) is arranged on the opposite flank of bottommost projection (96), mounting groove (56-60) and regulate to such an extent that allow between the vicinal face zone of the projection (96) that steam passes through.

Description

The side-entry grooves that is used for mounting turbine blades
The present invention relates to steamturbine, or rather, relate in order to the side-entry grooves device of mounting turbine blades within it.
Steamturbine can be by connecting together constituting the low pressure of a single power output, middle pressure, and/or high-pressure steam turbine combines.Each steamturbine comprises the rotor of in a row adorning some rotation blades on it.Usually, the blade among the row is identical.Every row's rotation blade outwards stretches vertically from the outer surface of rotor, and is separated from each other between row and row.The shape of one row's rotation blade is different with the shape of other row's blade; Particularly evident is that the length of each row's (or level) rotation blade becomes in epitrochanterian position because of it.
Each rotation blade no matter which row it belongs to, all has a leaf part that outwards stretches vertically from rotor and one in order to blade is installed to rotor top base part.The root and the platform that integrally is formed in the approach end of leaf part that are fixed in the mounting groove that provides for each blade of arranging are provided base part.Leaf part has a tip at far-end, have the profile of a distortion from the approach end to the far-end, or both sides is parallel.Usually adorn a guard shield at bit point to separate add-on assemble or unitary moulding kit form.
One fixedly the garden tube axially mounting that rotated live, have the plurality of fixed blade to be contained in its internal surface.Stator blade in a row arranges, when garden tube and rotor set install to a time-out, and they and rotation blade row cross arrangement.Stator blade shape on one row is different from another row, although all stator blades all have a leaf part.The tip of leaf part is covered by a string guard shield.Some stator blades have a base part that comprises a root and a platform.Other stator blade does not then have root or platform, but directly is soldered on the blade ring.
But the root dispensing one V-type side groove of each stator blade, when root was fixed in the groove, this V-type side groove was just relative with annular notch.V-arrangement side groove constitutes garden tube and the common space of root with annular notch.When this space during by the sealant filling, garden tube and root just are connected with each other.
Be provided on the rotor, in order to the geometrical shape of rotor vane groove that rotor blade is installed usually than complex geometry with the mounting groove of stator blade outfit.In addition, the root of rotation blade and rotor bear bigger stress than the corresponding root of stator blade.
Have in some turbo machine and be contained in the turbine rotor blade that is provided in epitrochanterian what is called " side is advanced " groove.After installing, the rotor blade that these sub-garden weeks that rotate arrange in a row outwards stretches vertically from rotor.It is not to adopt the single annular groove that these rotor blades that become a row are installed, but adopt a kind of " side is advanced " groove structure, to a given row, it comprises the side-entry grooves of a series of equidistant arrangements, and each side-entry grooves is corresponding to rotor blade among this row in some series.Though side-entry grooves is normally spaced, want varied pitch sometimes so that assemble an ending blade.
Typical side-entry grooves forms an opening at rotor outer surface, and inwardly is tapered along the direction towards bottom land.To between the bottom land, be equipped with a series of ripples at opening on the opposing sidewalls of groove symmetrically.The shape of the corresponding typical root of turbine rotor blade is consistent with groove shape basically.These ripples provide a series of locking steps.The sidewall that rises and falls has been arranged, and root just can not clockwise son radially in the insertion groove.
In a side-entry grooves, root is parallel to turbine rotor shaft and is pushed in the groove, thereby can realize locking.The tolerance of root and groove is all very accurate.The surface of contact tolerance envelope of one root profile generally changes between 0.0025 to 0.0127 millimeter along the root profile.The surface of contact tolerance envelope of a channel profiles generally changes between 0.015 to 0.02 millimeter along channel profiles.Precision between root and the groove is joined and is required the maximum clearance between root and the groove very little, about 0.4 millimeter magnitude.
In case developed a kind of special design, people generally are reluctant to change the configuration of rotor blade root and groove.This is because will obtain a special design, must carry out the careful calculating of some months or several years.Sometimes the minor alteration of the profile of rotor blade root and groove all can cause the unacceptable reduction of the function or the runnability of blade or rotor.If to the fit tolerance between root and the groove, strict, changing one of both or both profile is that conventional method is insoluble.
Empirical evidence is hopeful providing the cooling Road narrows so that water vapor plays cool stream under rotor outer surface in the mounting groove.Routinely, the cooling Road narrows are by the groove cutting-in is formed.This darker grooving is just to be cut in the initial manufacture process of turbine rotor.Thisly cut the first of middle nip that the practice than deep trouth once was used in the fossil fuel turbo machine specially to two rows.
This processing has several shortcomings.Especially, the Road narrows that form by the bottom that cuts groove can increase the rotor nominal stress and rotor stress is concentrated.And, a kind of special cutting tool must be arranged in order to grooving.Though these shortcomings partly its heat transmit to increase institute and remedy, and the cooling Road narrows are still had following requirement: provide suitable heat to transmit and make the rotor nominal stress of increase and rotor stress to concentrate as far as possible and reduce.
Thereby a main purpose of the present invention be in steam turbine rotor blade installation groove, provide a kind of make the rotor nominal stress drop to minimum and need not specialist tools just can be once more the cooling Road narrows.
Consider this purpose, the present invention is embodied in the rotor stack of a steamturbine, its rotor has some rotor blade mounting portions that form on week in its garden, some forming on each of these mounting portions, on the week of rotor garden equidistant separately and basically vertically the side of orientation advance mounting groove, each mounting groove has at the bottom of the opposing sidewalls of two profile symmetries and one; At least one row's blade is installed in some mounting grooves on of some mounting portions of rotor, and each row's rotor blade is substantially the same, and each blade all has a root, a terrace part and a leaf part; The shape of each root is the shape unanimity of its corresponding mounting groove basically all; Its characteristics show that the cooling channel is arranged on the opposing sidewalls of the described bottommost projection between the adjacently situated surfaces district of mounting groove, and projection is conditioned to such an extent that be suitable for cooling steam and flow through wherein.
Two cooling channels or narrow pipe can be by the opposing sidewalls of incision mounting groove, or the opposing sidewalls of the bottommost projection by the root of cutting sth. askew to its bottom from each side forms.
Between the bottom of the bottommost projection of the bottom of installing and each rotor blade, also can form single cooling channel.This passage or Road narrows form by the bottom that cuts the bottommost projection.
From more clearly understanding the present invention, wherein below by the description of giving an example to the optimum implementation shown in the accompanying drawing
Fig. 1 is a kind of partial longitudinal section of known steam turbine, shows the part of a rotor, a turbine shell, a garden tube, plurality of fixed blade and rotation blade;
Fig. 2 is the partial longitudinal section of rotor shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 3 is the amplification part sectioned view of getting along III among Fig. 2-III line, shows in order to rotor blade is installed to the part of the epitrochanterian side-entry grooves of Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the top view of side-entry grooves shown in Figure 3;
Fig. 5 is the front view that changes at epitrochanterian rotor blade shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 6 is the partial side view that is contained in two rotor blades of epitrochanterian two adjacent rows shown in Figure 1;
Fig. 7 is the front view that is contained in the amplification of a rotor blade root in the rotor of first optimum implementation of the present invention;
Fig. 8 is the partial elevation view of a rotor blade root of explanation second optimum implementation of the present invention;
Fig. 9 is the partial elevation view of a rotor blade root of representative the 3rd optimum implementation of the present invention;
Fig. 1 has shown the part of a steamturbine 10 partly, comprises a rotor 12(part) and a tube 14(part, fixedly garden that centers on rotor 12 fully).Some rotor blades 16,18,20,22,24 and 26 in a row are contained on the rotor 12.Each is arranged, and all surrounding rotor 12 gardens week arranges.Each rotor blade all radially outwards stretches from the outer surface of rotor 12.Each belongs to an independently row six rotor blades shown in Figure 1.
Tube 14 supportings in garden are some also to be the stator blade of in a row arranging 28,30,32,34,36 and 38.As shown in Figure 1, stator blade and rotor blade are interlaced.A shell 40(part) seals garden tube 14 and rotor 12, and be equipped with vapor lock 42, steam is leaked between rotor 12 and shell 40 when rotor 12 rotations.Between rotor blade tip and garden tube, and also be equipped with vapor lock 42 between fixed vane tip and the rotor.
Referring now to Fig. 2, removed blade 16~26 and all other structures here, and showed rotor 12 in greater detail.Rotor 12 is equipped with some rotor blades mounting portion 44,46,48,50,52 and 54, each mounting portion sub 12 garden Zhou Yanshen that all rotate.
Fig. 3 shows the amplification profile of a part of mounting portion 54 shown in Figure 2.Mounting portion 54 is equipped with plurality of side and enters mounting groove 56,58 and 60, and 54 outer surface 62 extends internally these mounting grooves from the mounting portion.Each mounting groove all has a bottom surface 64 and opposing sidewalls 66 and 68.Opposing sidewalls 66 and 68 slopes inwardly, and the ripple of symmetry is arranged on it.Bottom surface 64 constitutes bottom space 70 with a pair of described relative salient angle 72.Other salient angle constitutes 74 and 76 and up constitutes increasing space in turn from bottom space.
Fig. 4 shows the top view of mounting groove 56,58 and 60, and has shown and help rotor blade is fixed to groove 78 in the mounting groove separately.
Fig. 5 shows a typical rotor blade 26, and it comprises 82, one leaf parts 84 of 80, one platforms of a root and the tip part 86 that is covered.Sheath and blade constitute an integral body, but its also desirable discrete form.Under latter event, can be out of shape the guard shield riveting on vane tip by a protrusion that is called tenon that makes vane tip.When rotor blade 26 installed on the mounting portion 54, referring to Fig. 6, the bottom of platform 82 just flushed substantially with the top of mounting portion 54.On mounted position, corresponding groove 78(does not mark on groove 88 on the platform 82 and the mounting groove 56) aim at.Each root 80 has a string neck 90,92 and 94, and their width increases to uppermost neck 94 gradually from the neck 90 of bottommost.These necks determine that projection 96,98 and 100 their width also are to increase gradually from top to bottom.
First optimum implementation of the present invention shows that in Fig. 7 wherein root 80 is inserted in the mounting groove 56 of mounting portion 54.Cooling Road narrows 102 and 104 are contained on the relative both sides of protrusion 96, form at the sidewall 66 and 68 of bottom space 70 by cutting mounting groove 56 respectively.Cooling Road narrows 102 and 104 are by the face 103 after the cutting of mounting groove 56 and 105 definite with the oblique sidewall 106 and 108 enclosed spaces of bottommost protrusion 96.Be different from existing cut out one than deep trouth between the bottom surface 64 of the bottom surface 97 of bottommost protrusion 96 and mounting groove 56, to form the practice in a space, opposite side cooling Road narrows have been avoided the increase of rotor nominal tangential stress, concentrate and fallen at the end rotor tangential stress.
A distortion of the embodiment of Fig. 8 displayed map 7, wherein the base angle of bottommost protrusion 96 is cut, and forms the relative face that an angle is arranged each other 110 and 112, and these two faces are with respect to center line 114 symmetric arrangement of root 80.The profile of root 80 also can be represented the profile of mounting groove bottom space at this moment before dotted line 116 and 118 expressions were cut.Opposite side cooling Road narrows 102 and 122 spaces of being enclosed with the part of mounting groove bottom surface and sidewall by face at an angle to each other 10 and 112 determine.
In the embodiment of Fig. 8, stress pattern is by a computer simulation, to determine the effect of opposite side cooling Road narrows 120 and 122.Stress is according to centrifugal load, and supposes that all projections 96~100 get with the mounting groove complete contact computation in 56 corresponding zones.Computer simulation results shows that the peak value plastic stress that the bottom neck of root (representing with label 90 among Fig. 5) is located only increases by 8%.Compare with the method for conventional cutting-in groove, stress in a small amount brings bigger heat exchange area and rotates sub-garden Zhou Liudong uniformity preferably.And, can adopt the root cutting tool of standard, do not permitted to cut the desired specialist tools of darker, special groove and have.
Referring to the embodiment of Fig. 9, dotted line 124 is represented on the bottommost protrusion 96 and is cut to form that part of cooling Road narrows 126.Cooling Road narrows 126 are determined by the bottom surface of butt protrusion 96 and the space between mounting groove bottom surface (but also with dashed lines 124 expressions).That part that helps in the mounting groove to form cooling Road narrows 126 comprises that a part of mounting groove opposing sidewalls of partly being represented by dotted line 124 bending two ends.
The embodiment of Fig. 9 is also used computer simulation, has done from the check of the stress of centrifugal load derivation.Calculate the peak value plastic stress and increased by 14%.The advantage of the embodiment of Fig. 9 just is that its groove available standards cutting tool is cut into.
In the embodiment of Fig. 7~9, the sectional area of cooling zone is about 32 square millimeters.Though the embodiment of Fig. 8 is than having a stress ability that weakens most among Fig. 7 and Fig. 9, all embodiments all have the improvement that increases the mounting groove bottom compared with prior art.

Claims (7)

1, the rotor stack of steam vortex (10), its rotor (12) has a plurality of rotor blade mounting portions (44 that form on week in its garden, 46,48,50,52,54), a plurality of form on each of some mounting portions and separate from equidistantly that rotor garden week goes up and along rotor 12 radial oriented side advance mounting groove (56,58,60), each mounting groove has the opposing sidewalls (66 of two profile symmetries, 68) and a bottom surface (64), has row's rotor blade (16 at least, 18,20,22,24,26) be contained in a place in some mounting portions, in some mounting grooves, thereby link to each other with rotor, the rotor blade among each row is substantially the same, and each blade has a root (80), one terrace part (82), with a leaf part 84, the shape of each root is the shape unanimity of its corresponding mounting groove basically all, and its characteristics show cooling Road narrows (102,104) be arranged on the relative wall of bottommost projection (96) mounting groove (56-60) and regulate to such an extent that allow between adjoining of projection that cooling steam passes through.
2, the rotor stack described in claim 1, its characteristics are the space decision of being enclosed between the adjoining surface (106,108) of bottommost protrusion of face after each cooling channel (102,104) is cut by the mounting groove sidewall and root.
3, rotor stack as claimed in claim 2, its characteristics are that the surface after each mounting groove sidewall is cut is all curved.
4, rotor stack as claimed in claim 1, its characteristics are that the opposing sidewalls of the bottommost projection (96,98,100) of each root (80) is sloping inwardly on the direction of root (80) bottom, to determine described passage (102,104).
5, rotor stack as claimed in claim 4, basic characteristics be projection each cut the back a smooth inclined surface that extends to the bottom surface of bottommost projection (96) from a sidewall of bottommost projection (96) all arranged.
6, rotor stack as claimed in claim 4, its characteristics are that the cooling channel determined by the space between the bottom surface (124) of cutting back (128) and mounting groove of bottommost projection (96), cut back (128) form-parallel and leave the planar bottom surface of the projection of mounting groove bottom surface (124).
7, as any one described rotor stack in the claim 1~6, its characteristics are that the cooperation of surface of contact between the mounting groove of each combination and the rotor blade root goes on business in the scope between 0.0025 millimeter to 0.023 millimeter of being in, two cooling Road narrows (102,104 or 120,122) area is about 32 square millimeters.
CN89106190A 1988-07-29 1989-07-28 The side-entry grooves that is used for mounting turbine blades Pending CN1039873A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
US226,263 1981-01-19
US22626388A 1988-07-29 1988-07-29

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CN1039873A true CN1039873A (en) 1990-02-21

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CN89106190A Pending CN1039873A (en) 1988-07-29 1989-07-28 The side-entry grooves that is used for mounting turbine blades

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EP (1) EP0353447A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH0270904A (en)
KR (1) KR910003237A (en)
CN (1) CN1039873A (en)

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN103097665A (en) * 2010-09-08 2013-05-08 西门子公司 Rotor for a steam turbine, having axially asymmetrical cross-sectional profiles
CN101781999B (en) * 2009-01-14 2013-10-16 株式会社东芝 Steam turbine and cooling method thereof
CN117307254A (en) * 2023-11-28 2023-12-29 成都中科翼能科技有限公司 Turbine rotor structure of gas turbine

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US5403156A (en) * 1993-10-26 1995-04-04 United Technologies Corporation Integral meter plate for turbine blade and method
DE19705441A1 (en) * 1997-02-13 1998-08-20 Bmw Rolls Royce Gmbh Turbine impeller disk
FR3140649A1 (en) * 2022-10-07 2024-04-12 Safran Aircraft Engines DISC FOR AN AIRCRAFT TURBOMACHINE TURBINE

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Cited By (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN101781999B (en) * 2009-01-14 2013-10-16 株式会社东芝 Steam turbine and cooling method thereof
CN103097665A (en) * 2010-09-08 2013-05-08 西门子公司 Rotor for a steam turbine, having axially asymmetrical cross-sectional profiles
CN103097665B (en) * 2010-09-08 2015-04-01 西门子公司 Rotor containing unloading area for a steam turbine
CN117307254A (en) * 2023-11-28 2023-12-29 成都中科翼能科技有限公司 Turbine rotor structure of gas turbine
CN117307254B (en) * 2023-11-28 2024-01-23 成都中科翼能科技有限公司 Turbine rotor structure of gas turbine

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JPH0270904A (en) 1990-03-09
KR910003237A (en) 1991-02-27
EP0353447A1 (en) 1990-02-07

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