CN103986482A - Method for suppressing passive intermodulation interference based on adaptive filtering - Google Patents

Method for suppressing passive intermodulation interference based on adaptive filtering Download PDF

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CN103986482A
CN103986482A CN201410226937.0A CN201410226937A CN103986482A CN 103986482 A CN103986482 A CN 103986482A CN 201410226937 A CN201410226937 A CN 201410226937A CN 103986482 A CN103986482 A CN 103986482A
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pim
passive intermodulation
signal
adaptive
interference
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CN103986482B (en
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田露
王帅
卜祥元
安建平
曹文慧
高晓铮
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Beijing Institute of Technology BIT
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Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wireless communication signal processing and the technical field of full-duplex communication systems and relates to a method for suppressing passive intermodulation interface in a full-duplex communication system, in particular to a technology for suppressing passive intermodulation interface based on adaptive filtering. A simplified model of a passive nonlinear device is established and used for conducting interference suppression according to a digital signal processing method. The self-adaptive filtering algorithm is adopted as the estimation algorithm which is effect and enables hardware implementation to be achieved easily, so that compensation for passive intermodulation interface on intermediate frequency signals is achieved. A simulation result shows that passive intermodulation interface can be effectively suppressed and certain signal-to-ratio gain is achieved. The method is simple, computation complexity is low, resource cost is low, hardware implementation is easily achieved, the method is stable in performance, the system is strong in adaptability, the real-time performance is good, the method can be used for effectively suppressing passive intermodulation interference, and the higher signal to interference ratio gain is achieved.

Description

A kind of passive intermodulation disturbance restraining method based on adaptive-filtering
Technical field
The present invention relates to passive intermodulation disturbance restraining method in a kind of full duplex communication system, relate in particular to a kind of passive intermodulation interference mitigation technology based on adaptive-filtering, belong to wireless communication signals processing technology field, especially belong to full duplex communication system technical field.
Background technology
Passive intermodulation (PIM) refers to the gang's product being produced through passive device nonlinear effect by two or more frequency contents, the linear combination that its frequency is fundamental frequency.In linear combination product falls into the passband of communication control processor, form and disturb.Passive intermodulation is extensively present in communication system, is the phenomenon that is difficult to eliminate completely, is just found as far back as the seventies in last century.Along with the raising of communication requirement, high power and high sensitivity have become developing direction.The antenna size that signal post needs is increasing, is subject to platform constraints to be forced to adopt transmitting-receiving communal technique.In the low antenna receiving-sending common user system of duplexer isolation, passive intermodulation product more easily enters frequency acceptance band and forms interference, and cannot be by the mode of frequency domain filtering by its filtering.Taking Mobile communication direct base station as example, the descending high-power passive intermodulation product transmitting can fall in uplink receiving frequency band, and communication system is impacted.
The passive intermodulation that can reduce in arrowband mobile communication system by band plan and frequency pattern design disturbs.And for the problem that still exists passive intermodulation to disturb in wide-band mobile communication system.
In May, 2011, the patent of invention of Ericsson's application " Dynamic Cancellation of Passive Intermodulation Interference " by name, the digital signal processing solution of proposition PIM interference cancellation.The method can be offset PIM interference signal to a certain extent, but the shortcoming of its maximum is that the ground interrupt communication that need to periodically or happen suddenly, carries out parameter Estimation, not strong to ripe satellite communication system adaptability.
In the same year, in the paper of by name " the Successive Regeneration and Adaptive Cancellation of Higher Order Intermodulation Products in RF Receivers " delivering, mention a kind of simulation and rebuild the treating method of being combined with digital signal and carry out PIM and offset on " IEEE TRANSACTIONS ON MICROWAVE THEORY AND TECHNIQUES " magazine.Its basic thought is, by second order inter-modulation and the intermodulation of low order odd-order are simulated, to estimate high-order intermodulation component, and then estimates each rank intermodulation coefficient, carries out interference cancellation.The method needs extra hardware supports, and its nonlinear characteristic all exists larger uncertainty with coefficient estimation, and is not suitable for practical application.
In a section " the A Stochastic Gradient LMS Algorithm for digital Compensation of Tx Leakage in Zero-IF-Receivers " by name delivering in VTC meeting in 2008, at length set forth and adopted the method for adaptive-filtering to carry out the principle of PIM interference, and provided performance optimization curve.But its model is too simplified, and has only considered second order inter-modulation.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to solve the passive intermodulation interference problem of full duplex communication system, a kind of passive intermodulation disturbance restraining method based on adaptive-filtering has been proposed, do not increasing under the prerequisite of additional hardware equipment, realizing adaptively the inhibition real-time that passive intermodulation disturbs.
A passive intermodulation disturbance restraining method based on adaptive-filtering, implementation step is as follows:
Step 1, utilize the feature that transmits, as the information such as number of carriers, frequency, analyze each rank PIM product property, as frequency, bandwidth etc.
Step 2, determine the effective interference components of PIM product according to receiver, calculate the PIM signal falling in frequency acceptance band.
Step 3, utilize high-power intermediate frequency or the baseband signal transmitting before up-conversion to rebuild the intermediate-freuqncy signal of the effective interference components of PIM.
Reconstruction model is made up of memoryless nonlinear system and the cascade of memory linear system, respectively the time delay transmission of corresponding intermodulation process and intermodulation product and amplitude coupling.Memory linear system is generally selected transversal filter, and memoryless nonlinear system is often selected power series model.
Step 4, the radiofrequency signal that receiving terminal is received, carry out down-conversion sampling, obtains digital intermediate frequency signal.
Step 5, by the intermediate-freuqncy signal of receiving terminal with rebuild after PIM interference signal component input adaptive filter.According to adaptive filtration theory, taking constrained minimum output energy as criterion, obtain the optimal value of filter tap weights and each rank PIM product weight.Iterative process can adopt least mean square algorithm (LMS) or recursive least squares (RLS), and self adaptation regulates model parameter, realizes offseting real-time.Passive intermodulation disturbance restraining method principle as shown in Figure 1.Now, output signal is through PIM and disturbs the intermediate-freuqncy signal after suppressing.
A passive intermodulation disturbance restraining method based on adaptive-filtering, is characterized in that performing step is as follows:
Step 1) utilize the feature that transmits, analyze the characteristic of each rank PIM product;
Step 2) according to receiver determining step 1) in effective interference components of PIM product, calculate the PIM signal falling in frequency acceptance band;
Step 3) utilize the intermediate frequency or the baseband signal that transmit before up-conversion effectively to disturb intermediate-freuqncy signal component to rebuild to PIM;
Reconstruction model is made up of memoryless nonlinear system and the cascade of memory linear system, respectively the time delay transmission of corresponding intermodulation process and intermodulation product and amplitude coupling;
Step 4) radiofrequency signal that receiving terminal is received, carry out down-conversion sampling, obtain digital intermediate frequency signal;
Step 5) by step 4) digital intermediate frequency signal and the step 3 that obtain) PIM after the reconstruction that obtains effectively disturbs intermediate-freuqncy signal component input adaptive filter; According to adaptive filtration theory, taking constrained minimum output energy as criterion, obtain the optimal value of filter tap weights and each rank PIM product weight, sef-adapting filter can self adaptation regulate model parameter, realize offseting real-time, after offseting, output signal is through PIM and disturbs the intermediate-freuqncy signal after suppressing.
Beneficial effect
1. the method is simple, and computation complexity is low, and Resources Consumption is little, is easy to hardware and realizes;
2. the method stable performance, system suitability is strong, and real-time is good;
3. the method can effectively suppress passive intermodulation interference, realizes higher Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio gain.
4. the present invention has set up the simplified model of Passive Nonlinear device, is intended to disturb inhibition with the method for Digital Signal Processing.Adaptive filter algorithm as one effectively and be easy to hard-wired algorithm for estimating and be used, disturbs offseting in intermediate-freuqncy signal to realize passive intermodulation.Simulation result shows, this invention can effectively suppress passive intermodulation to be disturbed, and realizes certain signal interference ratio gain.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is passive intermodulation disturbance restraining method schematic diagram of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the radio-frequency power spectrum density transmitting in embodiment, and abscissa is normalized digital signal frequency, and ordinate is power spectral density;
Fig. 3 be in embodiment by the radio-frequency power spectrum density of PIM that transmits and produce, abscissa is normalized digital signal frequency, ordinate is power spectral density;
Fig. 4 is that the employing adaptive-filtering in embodiment carries out the schematic diagram that passive intermodulation interference suppresses;
Time domain comparison diagram before and after the interference cancellation that the PIM interference signal that Fig. 5 is is 0dB to signal interference ratio in embodiment suppresses, abscissa is sampled point sequence number, ordinate is signal amplitude;
Fig. 6 suppresses the PIM interference signal of (signal to noise ratio snr=-12dB) under low signal-to-noise ratio in embodiment, obtains the simulation curve figure that the error rate changes with jamming-to-signal ratio, and abscissa is signal interference ratio, and ordinate is the error rate.
Embodiment
For object and the advantage of the inventive method are described better, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in embodiment, the technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out to clear, complete description, obviously, described embodiment is only the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to protection scope of the present invention.
Embodiment
To adopt the communication satellite coverage of S-band as example, utilize the present invention's " a kind of passive intermodulation disturbance restraining method based on adaptive-filtering " to realize passive intermodulation and disturb inhibition, as shown in Figure 1.
Step 1, utilize the feature that transmits, analyze each rank PIM product property;
The known repeater transmitting terminal parameter feature that transmits is as follows:
(1) centre frequency that transmits: S-band transmit frequency range is 2030MHz～2060MHz.Taking two carrier waves as example, choose two carrier transmit signal center frequencies and be respectively, f 1=2030MHz, f 2=2060MHz;
(2) modulation output symbol speed: 2.5Mbaud;
(3) modulation system: BPSK;
(4) channel coding method: nothing;
(5) modulation shaping window function: raise roof cosine, α=0.35.
The power spectral density transmitting as shown in Figure 2; The utilization feature that transmits is carried out power spectral density that analogue simulation obtains PIM product as shown in Figure 3;
Step 2, determine the effective interference components of PIM product according to receiver, calculate the PIM signal falling in frequency acceptance band.
The frequency range of known repeater receiving terminal is 1840MHz～1870MHz.Wherein, setting one group of reception signal center frequency is f uP=1849.95MHz.By analysis, 13 rank PIM fall into frequency acceptance band, 7f 1-6f 2=1850MHz.Adopt traversal or fast search way 150 rank that fall into frequency acceptance band can be calculated with interior PIM product, have 20 PIM products and fall into formation interference in frequency acceptance band, corresponding intermodulation exponent number is as shown in the table.
Table 1 passive intermodulation order analysis
As can be seen from Table 1, except 13 rank PIM products, the PIM product that falls into frequency acceptance band is Ultra-High Order PIM, and its power spectral density is very mild in the part that falls into frequency acceptance band, and amplitude is small, after multinomial stack, can be similar to and be considered as white noise.Therefore, in the time disturbing inhibition, only consider the inhibition of 13 rank PIM products, although we have the ability Ultra-High Order PIM product to eliminate.
Intermediate frequency or baseband signal that step 3, utilization transmit before up-conversion are rebuild the intermediate-freuqncy signal of the effective interference components of PIM.
Research shows, suppressing in the process of n rank passive intermodulation interference components, except n the power item of considering to transmit, also needs to consider the impact of the inferior power item of all odd numbers higher than n (when n is odd number) on n rank passive intermodulation interference components., n time power item not only can produce n rank passive intermodulation component, also can produce the passive intermodulation component such as n-2 rank, n-4 rank.Therefore,, in the time offseting n rank passive intermodulation component, n the power item that not only needs consideration to transmit, also needs to consider the more high order power item such as n+2, n+4.If not for the linear system of our research, in the time analyzing the passive intermodulation interference of n rank, get n+2 power item and just can express comparatively accurately this rank intermodulation component, thereby simplify computational process.In the present embodiment, consider 13 power items and 15 power items.The memoryless non-linear partial of reconstruction model can be expressed as,
f(x)＝a 13x 13+a 15x 15 (1)
Wherein, a 13and a 15be respectively x in memoryless non-linear f (x) 13and x 15coefficient.Because this power series model cannot be described the memory effect between input and output, for setting up the PIM model of obeying the PIM characteristic of channel, need cascade one Linear Memory system, embody delay, amplitude coupled relation between transmitting-receiving.In the present embodiment, this Linear Memory system is digital transversal filter.Suppose [w 0, w 1..., w m-1] be filter tap weights, available w[k] (k=0,1 ... M-1) represent, M is filter tap exponent number.PIM after rebuilding disturbs digital signal to be expressed as,
s PIM [ k ] = w [ k ] ⊗ Σ i = 1 N α i s PIMi [ k ] - - - ( 2 )
Wherein, s pIMi[k] be not for considering the PIM interference signal reference items of memory effect, α ifor its amplitude, s pIMi[k] derived and drawn by formula (1), and N is PIM interference signal reference items number, in the present embodiment, and N=3,
s PIM 1 [ k ] = R 1 7 ( k ) R 2 6 ( k ) cos [ 2 πk * ( 7 f 1 - 6 f 2 - f LO ) / f s ]
s PIM 2 [ k ] = R 1 9 ( k ) R 2 6 ( k ) cos [ 2 πk * ( 7 f 1 - 6 f 2 - f LO ) / f s ] - - - ( 3 )
s PIM 3 [ k ] = R 1 7 ( k ) R 2 8 ( k ) cos [ 2 πk * ( 7 f 1 - 6 f 2 - f LO ) / f s ]
Wherein, R 1and R (k) 1(k) be the digital sample of the baseband signal of transmitting, sample frequency is f s, f lOfor the local frequency of low-converter.
Step 4, the radiofrequency signal that receiving terminal is received, carry out down-conversion sampling, obtains digital intermediate frequency signal s uL[k].
Step 5, by the intermediate-freuqncy signal s of receiving terminal uLpIM interference signal component s after [k] and reconstruction pIM[k] input adaptive filter, as shown in Figure 4.Obtaining thus system output error is
e[k]＝s UL[k]-s PIM[k] (4)
Make mean square error J[k]=E{e[k] e[k] *minimum, can determine s pIMin [k], comprise unknown parameter, simultaneously adjust in real time value of consult volume according to the variation of input signal, the principle of Here it is sef-adapting filter.For ensureing to ask uniqueness of solution, make a 1=1, calculate the Amplitude Ratio of every passive intermodulation interference components.
J[k]＝E{e[k]e *[k]}＝E{(s UL[k]-s PIM[k])(s UL[k]-s PIM[k]) *} (5)
For trying to achieve E{e[k] e[k] *minimum value, need meet
▿ E { e [ k ] e * [ k ] } = ( ∂ E { e [ k ] e * [ k ] } ∂ w , ∂ E { e [ k ] e * [ k ] } ∂ α ) = 0 - - - ( 6 )
Wherein, w=[w 0, w 1..., w m-1], α=[α 1, α 2..., α n].
Solve (6) formula, can adopt Newton method, steepest descent method or conjugate gradient method, obtain the optimal value of filter tap weights and each rank PIM product weight.Iterative process can adopt least mean square algorithm (LMS) or recursive least squares (RLS) in conjunction with coordinate descending method, and self adaptation regulates model parameter.Employing adaptive filter algorithm very rapid convergence, to optimal value, has good tracking performance simultaneously, suppresses to realize real-time fast PIM interference signal.
Adopt the disturbance restraining method in the present invention's " a kind of passive intermodulation disturbance restraining method based on adaptive-filtering ", the PIM interference signal that is 0dB to signal interference ratio under the present embodiment environment suppresses, obtain the time domain comparison diagram of the interference cancellation front and back of Fig. 5, the signal recovering after PIM interference cancellation almost overlaps with the signal disturbing without PIM, and this algorithm can effectively be eliminated PIM interference signal.
Adopt the disturbance restraining method in the present invention's " a kind of passive intermodulation disturbance restraining method based on adaptive-filtering ", PIM interference signal in (SNR=-12dB) the present embodiment under low signal-to-noise ratio is suppressed, obtain the simulation curve that the error rate shown in Fig. 6 changes with jamming-to-signal ratio.Ber curve after PIM interference cancellation and theoretical curve degree of approximation are high, and this algorithm can effectively suppress passive intermodulation interference as seen, increases substantially anti-PIM interference performance.
The above is preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the present invention should not be confined to the disclosed content of this embodiment and accompanying drawing.Every do not depart under spirit disclosed in this invention, complete equivalence or amendment, all fall into the scope of protection of the invention.

Claims (4)

1. the passive intermodulation disturbance restraining method based on adaptive-filtering, is characterized in that performing step is as follows:
Step 1) utilize the feature that transmits, analyze the characteristic of each rank PIM product;
Step 2) according to receiver determining step 1) in effective interference components of PIM product, calculate the PIM signal falling in frequency acceptance band;
Step 3) utilize the intermediate frequency or the baseband signal that transmit before up-conversion effectively to disturb intermediate-freuqncy signal component to rebuild to PIM;
Reconstruction model is made up of memoryless nonlinear system and the cascade of memory linear system, respectively the time delay transmission of corresponding intermodulation process and intermodulation product and amplitude coupling;
Step 4) radiofrequency signal that receiving terminal is received, carry out down-conversion sampling, obtain digital intermediate frequency signal;
Step 5) by step 4) digital intermediate frequency signal and the step 3 that obtain) PIM after the reconstruction that obtains effectively disturbs intermediate-freuqncy signal component input adaptive filter; According to adaptive filtration theory, taking constrained minimum output energy as criterion, obtain the optimal value of filter tap weights and each rank PIM product weight, sef-adapting filter can self adaptation regulate model parameter, realize offseting real-time, after offseting, output signal is through PIM and disturbs the intermediate-freuqncy signal after suppressing.
2. a kind of passive intermodulation disturbance restraining method based on adaptive-filtering according to claim 1, is characterized in that: memory linear system is selected transversal filter.
3. a kind of passive intermodulation disturbance restraining method based on adaptive-filtering according to claim 1, is characterized in that: memoryless nonlinear system is selected power series model.
4. a kind of passive intermodulation disturbance restraining method based on adaptive-filtering according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the method that obtains the optimal value of filter tap weights and each rank PIM product weight is: least mean square algorithm or recursive least squares.
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