CN103983304A - Watercourse water quality monitoring system and method - Google Patents
Watercourse water quality monitoring system and method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103983304A CN103983304A CN201410188834.XA CN201410188834A CN103983304A CN 103983304 A CN103983304 A CN 103983304A CN 201410188834 A CN201410188834 A CN 201410188834A CN 103983304 A CN103983304 A CN 103983304A
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Abstract
The invention provides a watercourse water quality monitoring system and method. The watercourse water quality monitoring system comprises a water quality monitoring platform and multiple automatic water quality monitoring devices, wherein the multiple automatic water quality monitoring devices are arranged on a watercourse to be monitored at certain intervals, each automatic water quality monitoring device comprises a water quality parameter sensing and transmitting unit, a water quality sampling unit, a processing and controlling unit, a data communication unit and a power supply adaptation unit, and the water quality monitoring platform is used for managing the multiple automatic water quality monitoring devices and comprises a data receiving and storing unit, a data filling and editing unit, a user displaying and interacting unit and a management unit. According to the watercourse water quality monitoring system, monitoring, associated in time, between all the water quality monitoring devices is established, and the problem that in the prior art, small-scale and random pollution discharge can not be captured in time is solved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to field of environment protection, be specifically related to a kind of river course quality of water environment monitoring system and method.
Background technology
Basin, river course, villages and small towns pollution source are mainly taking sanitary sewage as main, water quality is along with resident's productive life, Changes in weather and dynamic change at any time, its blowdown feature be mainly on a small scale, the feature such as random, sudden, mobility and diffusivity, relatively independent single-point monitoring effect is difficult to accurately determine the time, total amount of blowdown, impact on water body etc., causes comprehensively finding in time water pollution situation.Because water quality sensor is immersed under water for a long time, the degree of accuracy that fouling product, algae, microorganism etc. all can be measured sensor exerts an influence on the other hand, and prior art does not propose the impact that effective and feasible method avoids abnormal data to cause system.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, the invention provides a kind of river water quality monitoring system and method, set up monitoring time correlation between each water quality monitoring equipment, solve the problem of the blowdown situation that cannot catch in time small-scale, randomness in prior art.
For achieving the above object, the present invention is achieved by the following technical programs:
A kind of river water quality monitoring system, comprises monitoring water quality platform and is deployed in multiple automatic water quality monitoring equipment on river course to be monitored according to certain interval parts, wherein,
Automatic water quality monitoring equipment, for automatic acquisition water quality parameter measured value, comprising:
Water quality parameter perception and transducing unit, comprise acquisition module and signal transmitting module, and wherein acquisition module comprises water temperature probe, pH value probe, dissolved oxygen probe, conductivity probe, turbidity probe tip, flow velocity probe, for gathering each water quality parameter; Signal transmitting module, for the measured value of each water quality parameter of each probe collection is converted into electric signal, and sends to processing and control module;
Sampling of water quality unit, comprises water gathering tube, miniature peristaltic pump, water sample storage bottle, for carrying out sampling of water quality according to control command;
Process and control module, comprise analog-to-digital conversion module, processor, memory module and clock module, the electric signal sending for receiving signal transmitting module, after analog-to-digital conversion resume module, obtain corresponding digital signal, processor obtains corresponding digital signal according to the apperceive characteristic of each probe pre-stored in memory module with after analog-to-digital conversion resume module, the water quality parameter measured value that obtains each probe, sends to data communication units;
Processing, is controlled sampling of water quality unit and is carried out sampling of water quality also for sending control command to acquisition module with control module;
Data communication units, for sending to monitoring water quality platform by the water quality parameter measured value of each probe;
Power adaptation unit, for completing the conversion adaptation of different input voltages, for the each unit of automatic water quality monitoring equipment provides Power supply;
Monitoring water quality platform, for described multiple automatic water quality monitoring equipment is managed, comprising:
Data receiver storage unit, for receiving the water quality parameter measured value of each probe that all automatic water quality monitoring equipment reports, and stores;
Data are made a report on and edit cell, and for according to the experimental determination result of described sampling of water quality, the water quality parameter measured value of each probe that automatic water quality monitoring equipment is reported is expanded and made a report on, and the probe measurement data that have fault are edited to correction;
User shows and interactive unit, for showing real-time water monitoring data, and inquiring and browsing of historical data is provided, and provide user to set the Configuration Values of automatic water quality monitoring equipment, comprise the setting of normal acquisition time interval, each parameter normality threshold scope, single sampling of water quality amount;
Administrative unit, for user's Configuration Values is issued to automatic water quality monitoring equipment, and in the time that water quality occurs extremely, carries out overall calculating and scheduling to the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room, has controlled monitoring time correlation of each monitoring equipment.
Preferably, described data communication units is supported communication, comprises 3G/GPRS, Ethernet, Zigbee, WIFI and RS232/485 wire communication.
Preferably, described automatic water quality monitoring equipment also comprises ultrasonic cleaner, for described each probe being cleaned with gathering before each probe carries out water quality parameter collection.
Preferably, described administrative unit, in the time that water quality occurs extremely, is carried out overall calculating and scheduling to the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room, has controlled monitoring time correlation of each monitoring equipment and has comprised:
If A, B, C, D are four adjacent automatic water quality monitoring equipment swimming over to downstream on basin, river course, if T
bmoment B equipment finds that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting at first, and the time that administrative unit arrives its adjacent monitoring equipment to pollutant carries out association and solves, and computing method are as follows:
In the time of upstream node that A is B, and v
0> v
b, wherein v
0for the rate of propagation of this pollutant in hydrostatic, v
bfor the water velocity at B point place, Pollutants Diffusion is to upstream node A, moment T
afor:
Wherein, S
bCfor the river course distance of A, B point-to-point transmission
In the time of downstream node that C is B, pollutant arrives the moment T that C is ordered
cfor:
Wherein, S
bCfor the river course distance of B, C point-to-point transmission, v
bfor the water velocity at B point place;
Controlling of sampling instruction is sent to A, C monitoring equipment by administrative unit, respectively at T
aand T
cmoment starts intensive water quality sampling, if A point or C point also exist certain water quality parameter to exceed the phenomenon of the normality threshold scope of setting, its adjacent basin node is repeated to above-mentioned steps.
Preferably, described monitoring water quality platform also comprises data processing and alarm unit, in the time there is superthreshold situation in the water quality parameter of any automatic water quality monitoring equipment collection, data processing and alarm unit are issued alarm in several ways, comprise webpage alarm and SMS alarm prompting, flow to according to the basin in river course at page end, the regional extent of pointing out current overproof water quality to occur, and the alarm indication mode different according to the degree set that exceeds standard, slightly exceed standard for orange, severe overweight is for red.
A river water quality monitoring method of applying described system, the method comprises:
S1. the each probe in acquisition module gathers each water quality parameter; Sampling of water quality unit carries out sampling of water quality according to processing the control command issuing with control module;
S2. the measured value of each water quality parameter of each probe collection is converted into electric signal by signal transmitting module, and send to processing and control module;
S3. process with control module and receive the electric signal that signal transmitting module sends, after analog-to-digital conversion resume module, obtain corresponding digital signal, processor obtains corresponding digital signal according to the apperceive characteristic of each probe pre-stored in memory module with after analog-to-digital conversion resume module, the water quality parameter measured value that obtains each probe, sends to data communication units;
S4. the water quality parameter measured value of each probe is sent to monitoring water quality platform by data communication units;
S5. monitoring water quality platform receives the water quality parameter measured value of each probe that all automatic water quality monitoring equipment reports, and stores;
S6. monitoring water quality platform is according to the experimental determination result of described sampling of water quality, and the water quality parameter measured value of each probe that automatic water quality monitoring equipment is reported is expanded and made a report on, and the probe measurement data that have fault are edited to correction;
S7 monitoring water quality platform is responsible for showing real-time water monitoring data, and provide inquiring and browsing of historical data, provide user to set the Configuration Values of automatic water quality monitoring equipment, comprise the setting of normal acquisition time interval, each parameter normality threshold scope, single sampling of water quality amount;
S8. user's Configuration Values is issued to automatic water quality monitoring equipment, and in the time that water quality occurs extremely, the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room is carried out to overall calculating and scheduling, controlled monitoring time correlation of each monitoring equipment.
Preferably, in described step S4, data communication units supports that the water quality parameter measured value of each probe is sent to monitoring water quality platform by communication, comprises 3G/GPRS, Ethernet, Zigbee, WIFI and RS232/485 wire communication.
Preferably, in described step S1, before the each probe in acquisition module gathers each water quality parameter and in the process of the each water quality parameter of collection, ultrasonic cleaner cleans described each probe.
Preferably, in described step S8, in the time that water quality occurs extremely, the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room is carried out to overall calculating and scheduling, has controlled monitoring time correlation of each monitoring equipment and comprised:
If A, B, C, D are four adjacent automatic water quality monitoring equipment swimming over to downstream on basin, river course, if T
bmoment B equipment finds that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting at first, and the time that administrative unit arrives its adjacent monitoring equipment to pollutant carries out association and solves, and computing method are as follows:
In the time of upstream node that A is B, and v
0> v
b, wherein v
0for the rate of propagation of this pollutant in hydrostatic, v
bfor the water velocity at B point place, Pollutants Diffusion is to upstream node A, moment T
afor:
Wherein, S
bCfor the river course distance of A, B point-to-point transmission
In the time of downstream node that C is B, pollutant arrives the moment T that C is ordered
cfor:
Wherein, S
bCfor the river course distance of B, C point-to-point transmission, v
bfor the water velocity at B point place;
Controlling of sampling instruction is sent to A, C monitoring equipment by administrative unit, respectively at T
aand T
cmoment starts intensive water quality sampling, if A point or C point also exist certain water quality parameter to exceed the phenomenon of the normality threshold scope of setting, its adjacent basin node is repeated to above-mentioned steps.
Preferably, the method also comprises when superthreshold situation appears in the water quality parameter of establishing collection when any automatic water quality monitoring, monitoring water quality platform is issued alarm in several ways, comprise webpage alarm and SMS alarm prompting, flow to according to the basin in river course at page end, the regional extent of pointing out current overproof water quality to occur, and the alarm indication mode different according to the degree set that exceeds standard, slightly exceed standard for orange, severe overweight is for red.
The present invention at least has following beneficial effect:
1, the present invention, by carrying out monitoring time correlation at multiple automatic water quality monitoring equipment rooms, has ensured to catch to greatest extent the blowdown imagination of small-scale, randomness.
2, the present invention adopts the method that on-line monitoring and sampling backup combine, and ensures and improved the monitoring accuracy of automatic water quality monitoring equipment.
3, the present invention proposes the method for online Ultrasonic Cleaning, the probe before water quality monitoring and in monitoring is cleaned, avoid water body impurity, hydrobiontic algae or microorganism covering or the inaccurate situation of parameter measurement that causes of pollution to probe.In addition, Ultrasonic Cleaning mode does not cause wearing and tearing to probe, can effectively extend the serviceable life of probe.
Brief description of the drawings
In order to be illustrated more clearly in the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, to the accompanying drawing of required use in embodiment or description of the Prior Art be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, do not paying under the prerequisite of creative work, can also obtain according to these accompanying drawings other accompanying drawing.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of river water quality monitoring system in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 2 is the process flow diagram of river water quality monitoring method in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 3 is automatic water quality monitoring equipment method of work process flow diagram in one embodiment of the invention;
Fig. 4 is monitoring water quality working platform method flow diagram in one embodiment of the invention.
Embodiment
For making object, technical scheme and the advantage of the embodiment of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is carried out to clear, complete description, obviously, described embodiment is the present invention's part embodiment, instead of whole embodiment.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, those of ordinary skill in the art, not making the every other embodiment obtaining under creative work prerequisite, belong to the scope of protection of the invention.
The embodiment of the present invention has proposed a kind of river water quality monitoring system, and referring to Fig. 1, comprise monitoring water quality platform 101 and be deployed in multiple automatic water quality monitoring equipment 102 on river course to be monitored according to certain interval parts, wherein,
Automatic water quality monitoring equipment 102, for automatic acquisition water quality parameter measured value, comprising:
Water quality parameter perception and transducing unit 1020, comprise acquisition module and signal transmitting module, and wherein acquisition module comprises water temperature probe, pH value probe, dissolved oxygen probe, conductivity probe, turbidity probe tip, flow velocity probe, for gathering each water quality parameter; Signal transmitting module, for the measured value of each water quality parameter of each probe collection is converted into electric signal, and sends to processing and control module, and signal transmitting module is generally output as 4-20mA current signal or 0-5V voltage signal.
Sampling of water quality unit 1021, comprise water gathering tube, miniature peristaltic pump, water sample storage bottle, for carrying out sampling of water quality according to control command, water sample can be used as the further confirmation to automatic probe Monitoring Data, also can be used as the expansion monitoring of other complicated water quality parameters, the suction nozzle of water gathering tube should be near each probe, generally, unitary sampling amount is 10-500ml, inhales journey and is generally less than 5 meters, serial sampling minimum interval is 2 minutes, and maximum water sample bottle quantity is 10.
Process and control module 1022, comprise analog-to-digital conversion module, processor, memory module and clock module, the electric signal sending for receiving signal transmitting module, after analog-to-digital conversion resume module, obtain corresponding digital signal, processor obtains corresponding digital signal according to the apperceive characteristic of each probe pre-stored in memory module with after analog-to-digital conversion resume module, the water quality parameter measured value that obtains each probe, sends to data communication units;
Processing, is controlled sampling of water quality unit and is carried out sampling of water quality also for sending control command to acquisition module with control module 1022;
Data communication units 1023, for sending to monitoring water quality platform by the water quality parameter measured value of each probe;
Power adaptation unit 1024, for completing the conversion adaptation of different input voltages, for the each unit of automatic water quality monitoring equipment provides Power supply, wherein input voltage can be supported 220V electric main, also can support solar cell for supplying power.
Monitoring water quality platform 101, for described multiple automatic water quality monitoring equipment is managed, comprising:
Data receiver storage unit 1010, for receiving the water quality parameter measured value of each probe that all automatic water quality monitoring equipment reports, and stores;
Data are made a report on and edit cell 1011, and for according to the experimental determination result of described sampling of water quality, the water quality parameter measured value of each probe that automatic water quality monitoring equipment is reported is expanded and made a report on, and the probe measurement data that have fault are edited to correction;
User shows and interactive unit 1012, for showing real-time water monitoring data, and inquiring and browsing of historical data is provided, and provide user to set the Configuration Values of automatic water quality monitoring equipment, comprise the setting of normal acquisition time interval, each parameter normality threshold scope, single sampling of water quality amount;
Administrative unit 1013, for user's Configuration Values is issued to automatic water quality monitoring equipment, and in the time that water quality occurs extremely, the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room is carried out to overall calculating and scheduling, control monitoring time correlation of each monitoring equipment.
Wherein, described data communication units is supported communication, comprise 3G/GPRS, Ethernet, Zigbee, WIFI and RS232/485 wire communication, when concrete use, can select a kind of mode to be connected alternately with monitoring water quality platform according to actual service condition, for villages and small towns river water quality monitoring system, infrastructure is limited, general preferred 3G/GPRS communication mode.
Wherein, described automatic water quality monitoring equipment also comprises ultrasonic cleaner, for described each probe being cleaned with gathering before each probe carries out water quality parameter collection, avoid covering or the pollution to probe of water body impurity, hydrobiontic algae or microorganism to cause parameter measurement inaccurate, Ultrasonic Cleaning mode does not cause wearing and tearing to probe, can effectively extend the serviceable life of probe.
Wherein, described monitoring water quality platform also comprises data processing and alarm unit, in the time that water quality occurs extremely, in the time there is superthreshold situation in the water quality parameter of any automatic water quality monitoring equipment collection, data processing and alarm unit are issued alarm in several ways, comprise webpage alarm and SMS alarm prompting, flow to according to the basin in river course at page end, the regional extent of pointing out current overproof water quality to occur, and the alarm indication mode different according to the degree set that exceeds standard, slightly exceed standard for orange, severe overweight is for red.
When described administrative unit is in the time that water quality occurs extremely, in the time there is superthreshold situation in the water quality parameter of any automatic water quality monitoring equipment collection, data processing and alarm unit are issued alarm, manage simultaneously the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room carried out to overall calculating and scheduling, controlled monitoring time correlation of each monitoring equipment and comprised:
If A, B, C, D are four adjacent automatic water quality monitoring equipment swimming over to downstream on basin, river course, if T
bmoment B equipment finds that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting at first, and the time that administrative unit arrives its adjacent monitoring equipment to pollutant carries out association and solves, and computing method are as follows:
In the time of upstream node that A is B, and v
0> v
b, wherein v
0for the rate of propagation of this pollutant in hydrostatic, v
bfor the water velocity at B point place, Pollutants Diffusion is to upstream node A, moment T
afor:
Wherein, S
bCfor the river course distance of A, B point-to-point transmission
In the time of downstream node that C is B, pollutant arrives the moment T that C is ordered
cfor:
Wherein, S
bCfor the river course distance of B, C point-to-point transmission, v
bfor the water velocity at B point place;
Controlling of sampling instruction is sent to A, C monitoring equipment by administrative unit, respectively at T
aand T
cmoment starts intensive water quality sampling, if A point or C point also exist certain water quality parameter to exceed the phenomenon of the normality threshold scope of setting, its adjacent basin node is repeated to above-mentioned steps.
The embodiment of the present invention, by carrying out monitoring time correlation at multiple automatic water quality monitoring equipment rooms, has ensured to catch to greatest extent the blowdown imagination of small-scale, randomness.The present embodiment adopts the method that multiple probe on-line monitorings and the sampling backup of sampling of water quality unit combine in addition, ensures and improved the monitoring accuracy of automatic water quality monitoring equipment.
Another embodiment of the present invention has proposed a kind of river water quality monitoring method, and referring to Fig. 2, the method comprises:
Step 201: the water temperature probe in acquisition module, pH value probe, dissolved oxygen probe, conductivity probe, turbidity probe tip, flow velocity probe gather each water quality parameter; Sampling of water quality unit carries out sampling of water quality according to processing the control command issuing with control module.
In this step, the normal acquisition time interval that each probe is responsible for to be scheduled to gathers water quality parameter measured value, and described probe is not limited to above several.Sampling of water quality unit is for intermittently collecting water sample under the control at processing and control module, generally, single sampling of water quality amount is 10-500ml, and the water sample of collection can be used as the further confirmation to automatic probe Monitoring Data, also can be used as the expansion monitoring of other complicated water quality parameters.Before each probe in acquisition module gathers each water quality parameter and in the process of the each water quality parameter of collection, ultrasonic cleaner cleans described each probe.
Step 202: the measured value of each water quality parameter of each probe collection is converted into electric signal by signal transmitting module, and send to processing and control module.
In this step, the measured value of all types of probes is converted into electric signal by signal transmitting module, is generally output as 4-20mA current signal or 0-5V voltage signal.
Step 203: process with control module and receive the electric signal that signal transmitting module sends, after analog-to-digital conversion resume module, obtain corresponding digital signal, processor obtains corresponding digital signal according to the apperceive characteristic of each probe pre-stored in memory module with after analog-to-digital conversion resume module, the water quality parameter measured value that obtains each probe, sends to data communication units.
Step 204: the water quality parameter measured value of each probe is sent to monitoring water quality platform by data communication units.
In this step, data communication units supports that the water quality parameter measured value of each probe is sent to monitoring water quality platform by communication, comprises 3G/GPRS, Ethernet, Zigbee, WIFI and RS232/485 wire communication.When concrete use, can select a kind of mode to be connected alternately with monitoring water quality platform according to actual service condition, for villages and small towns river water quality monitoring system, infrastructure be limited, general preferred 3G/GPRS communication mode.
Step 205: monitoring water quality platform receives the water quality parameter measured value of each probe that all automatic water quality monitoring equipment reports, and stores.
Step 206: monitoring water quality platform is according to the experimental determination result of described sampling of water quality, and the water quality parameter measured value of each probe that automatic water quality monitoring equipment is reported is expanded and made a report on, and the probe measurement data that have fault are edited to correction.
Step 207: monitoring water quality platform is responsible for showing real-time water monitoring data, and provide inquiring and browsing of historical data, provide user to set the Configuration Values of automatic water quality monitoring equipment, comprise the setting of normal acquisition time interval, each parameter normality threshold scope, single sampling of water quality amount.
Step 208: user's Configuration Values is issued to automatic water quality monitoring equipment, and in the time that water quality occurs extremely, the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room is carried out to overall calculating and scheduling, controlled monitoring time correlation of each monitoring equipment.
In this step, in the time that water quality occurs extremely, while there is superthreshold situation in the water quality parameter of establishing collection when any automatic water quality monitoring, monitoring water quality platform is issued alarm in several ways, comprise webpage alarm and SMS alarm prompting, flow to the regional extent of pointing out current overproof water quality to occur at page end according to the basin in river course, and the alarm indication mode different according to the degree set that exceeds standard, slightly exceed standard for orange, severe overweight is for red.
In the time that water quality occurs extremely, monitoring water quality platform starts the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room to carry out overall calculating and scheduling, has controlled monitoring time correlation of each monitoring equipment and has comprised:
If A, B, C, D are four adjacent automatic water quality monitoring equipment swimming over to downstream on basin, river course, if T
bmoment B equipment finds that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting at first, and the time that administrative unit arrives its adjacent monitoring equipment to pollutant carries out association and solves, and computing method are as follows:
In the time of upstream node that A is B, and v
0> v
b, wherein v
0for the rate of propagation of this pollutant in hydrostatic, v
bfor the water velocity at B point place, Pollutants Diffusion is to upstream node A, moment T
afor:
Wherein, S
bCfor the river course distance of A, B point-to-point transmission
In the time of downstream node that C is B, pollutant arrives the moment T that C is ordered
cfor:
Wherein, S
bCfor the river course distance of B, C point-to-point transmission, v
bfor the water velocity at B point place;
Controlling of sampling instruction is sent to A, C monitoring equipment by administrative unit, respectively at T
aand T
cmoment starts intensive water quality sampling, if A point or C point also exist certain water quality parameter to exceed the phenomenon of the normality threshold scope of setting, its adjacent basin node is repeated to above-mentioned steps.
The embodiment of the present invention, by carrying out monitoring time correlation at multiple automatic water quality monitoring equipment rooms, has ensured to catch to greatest extent the blowdown imagination of small-scale, randomness.The present embodiment adopts the method that on-line monitoring and sampling backup combine in addition, ensures and improved the monitoring accuracy of automatic water quality monitoring equipment.
With a concrete example, describe the course of work of river water quality monitoring method of the present invention in detail below.
Usually, the deployed position of system water quality automated monitor answers that focal selection is imported and exported at river hinging section, river course, near fixing blowdown point (sewage water discharge mouth, the fixing point etc. that cleans of villager) and part river course camber large, the not region such as freely of current, can reflect basin, river course overall water quality situation by the deployment of monitoring equipment.
Wherein, the course of work of automatic water quality monitoring equipment can be referring to Fig. 3, and the work of automatic water quality monitoring equipment is divided into normal monitoring pattern and special monitoring pattern.Under normal monitoring pattern, collection monitoring and data passback that equipment carries out water quality parameter by default cycle interval report, and default monitoring periods is by the configuration that sends instructions under monitoring water quality platform.Equipment judges by default threshold range Monitoring Data, if certain parameter monitoring value exceeds predetermined threshold value scope, equipment proceeds to the intensive monitoring stage and carries out sampling of water quality, record the sampling of water quality time, sample time and the passback of water sample bottle numbering are reported to monitor supervision platform, as current water sample bottle numbering has been greater than maximum water sample bottle quantity, abandon current sampling of water quality, and to completely error code of monitoring water quality platform passback water sample bottle.In the intensive monitoring stage, monitoring equipment is monitored water quality parameter with less acquisition interval, intensive sampling interval is generally 2-5 minute, monitoring water quality platform judges that by the data of intensive sampling the pollutant of current monitoring point is in fast rise, the basicly stable or state that dribbles, in order to determine monitoring policy and the alert levels of other contiguous monitoring points.The action command that monitoring equipment receives monitoring water quality platform enters special monitoring pattern, carries out the actions such as perception monitoring or sampling of water quality according to action command, returns to normal monitoring pattern after completing.The sensor probe of monitoring equipment needs regularly or aperiodically to clean or again demarcate.
The water quality monitoring equipment interval set time can send " heartbeat " to monitoring water quality platform, and this set time length is slightly distinguished according to network communication mode difference, and for 3G/GPRS network, this time span can preferably be made as 4-5 minute.In water quality monitoring equipment, the duty of each module is managed by processing with control module United Dispatching, by the control to power adaptation unit, the power supply supply situation of other modules is regulated.In the time that needs carry out environmental parameter perception collection, process and be communicated with perception and transducing unit power supply with control module, after perception collection completes, disconnect perception and transducing unit power supply, carry out data-switching and processing; If desired while carrying out sampling of water quality, be communicated with sampling of water quality unit power supply, carry out sampling of water quality, deenergization after completing; The data communication units most of the time is in dormant state, in the time that needs carry out data communication, wake up and carry out data by control module and report work, complete after work at present, process with control module self and also enter dormant state, waken up by self clock module or the instruction of monitoring water quality platform.
Wherein, the course of work of monitoring water quality platform can be referring to Fig. 4, and monitoring water quality platform receives automated monitor by certain default network address port and returns the data that report, and stores.The water sample that regularly collecting device gathers, carry out lab analysis, obtain some and be difficult to the water quality parameter numerical value that adopts on-line monitoring mode to obtain, as: ammonia nitrogen, permanganate index, total phosphorus, biochemical oxygen demand etc., analytical parameters is with to collect the interval of water sample relevant, and the partial parameters of significant change can not occur at this moment.Exceed the water sample of predetermined threshold value for on-line monitoring result, also need to detect aforementioned conventional water quality parameter, whether normally work and respectively pop one's head in precision for contrast verification automatic water quality monitoring equipment, if lab analysis result and monitoring of equipment result exceed each probe accuracy rating, need each probe to clean or again demarcate, if differ greatly, need consider to change probe or detect remover apparatus other problems.The result of lab analysis is made a report on edit cell and made a report on typing by the data of monitoring water quality platform with manual type, for inconsistent with automated monitor result, adopt edit pattern, in order to equipment failure situation is carried out to statistical study, make a report on data and all unified storages of equipment passback data, process.
Monitoring water quality platform carries out the displaying of the WEB page by the data of obtaining storage by user's display module, and the content of displaying comprises real time data, whole historical datas etc., also can carry out data statistic analysis etc. according to user's request.User can be by interactive module the alarm threshold value etc. of the monitoring periods to each monitoring equipment, different parameters carry out personalization and set, and by the administrative unit of monitoring water quality platform, all monitoring equipments are managed for configuration.Administrative unit is except being configured the said equipment operation parameter, also record and preserve geographic position and river course flow path information between each monitoring equipment, in the time that certain monitoring equipment monitoring index exceeds threshold value, there is pollutant emission phenomenon, administrative unit is according to the flow velocity of river situation of current each equipment, to contaminant stream to diffusion time estimate, and control that each monitoring equipment estimates to arrive each monitoring point at pollutant around time, carry out intensive collection monitoring, by streamflow direction, monitoring point of the every arrival of pollutant, just again estimated the associated acquisition time of upstream device according to up-to-date data by administrative unit.The automated monitor that pollutant has arrived region maintains special monitoring pattern under the scheduling of administrative unit, and concrete mode is:
If A, B, C, D are four adjacent automatic water quality monitoring equipment swimming over to downstream on basin, river course, if T
bmoment B equipment finds that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting at first, and the time that administrative unit arrives its adjacent monitoring equipment to pollutant carries out association and solves, and computing method are as follows:
In the time of upstream node that A is B, and v
0> v
b, wherein v
0for the rate of propagation of this pollutant in hydrostatic, v
bfor the water velocity at B point place, Pollutants Diffusion is to upstream node A, moment T
afor:
Wherein, S
bCfor the river course distance of A, B point-to-point transmission
In the time of downstream node that C is B, pollutant arrives the moment T that C is ordered
cfor:
Wherein, S
bCfor the river course distance of B, C point-to-point transmission, v
bfor the water velocity at B point place;
Controlling of sampling instruction is sent to A, C monitoring equipment by administrative unit, respectively at T
aand T
cmoment starts intensive water quality sampling, if A point or C point also exist certain water quality parameter to exceed the phenomenon of the normality threshold scope of setting, its adjacent basin node is repeated to above-mentioned steps.
Do you finally judge that according to nearest three monitoring indexes pollutant levels rise? as risen, maintain intensive collection, as do not risen, progressively extend and gather monitoring time interval, until equipment recovers normal monitoring pattern.For avoiding sampling of water quality frequently, enter after special monitoring pattern at equipment, only carry out sampling of water quality at pollutant levels highest point, i.e. the flex point place of superthreshold monitoring parameter disengaging ascendant trend carries out sampling of water quality.
In the time that water quality parameter superthreshold situation appears in any monitoring equipment, data processing and alarm unit are issued alarm to management personnel in several ways, and mode includes but not limited to, webpage alarm and SMS alarm prompting.Flow to according to the basin in river course at page end, the regional extent of pointing out current overproof water quality to occur, and the alarm indication mode different according to the degree set that exceeds standard, slightly exceed standard for orange, severe overweight is for red.
Few for online water quality monitoring perceptual parameters, precision is lower, sensor fault rate high, the design that the embodiment of the present invention provides online water quality monitoring to combine with crucial sampling of water quality, when routine monitoring, mainly use sensor online, can water sample sampling regularly or be manually set by monitoring water quality platform, for the water quality sampling monitoring of population parameter.In addition, in the time that online monitoring data is abnormal, the method can be carried out exception water quality sampling automatically, obtains first hand polluted water sample, no matter be the further analysis to pollution source, pollution condition, or pick up calibration and malfunction elimination are all of great significance.
Water quality monitoring time frequency is under normal circumstances lower, easily cause undetected for river course, villages and small towns small-scale, scattered sexual life sewage, for the deficiency of the complete independent perception monitoring of each monitoring equipment in prior art, the invention provides and gather cognitive method a kind of time correlation, occurring after pollution source, Pollutants Diffusion situation is calculated to estimation, and carry out the intensive collection of specific aim monitoring, make the situation of change that Monitoring Data can complete embodiment water quality.For part sanitary sewage; as fast in rate of propagation; concentration reduces rapidly; can rely on the self-purification capacity of water body to eliminate; complete Monitoring Data is the basis of objective comprehensive reflection villages and small towns river channel ecology environmental construction comprehensively, for river water quality research is administered, science protection provides data information and technical support.
Above embodiment only, for technical scheme of the present invention is described, is not intended to limit; Although the present invention is had been described in detail with reference to previous embodiment, those of ordinary skill in the art is to be understood that: its technical scheme that still can record aforementioned each embodiment is modified, or part technical characterictic is wherein equal to replacement; And these amendments or replacement do not make the essence of appropriate technical solution depart from the spirit and scope of various embodiments of the present invention technical scheme.
Claims (10)
1. a river water quality monitoring system, is characterized in that, comprise monitoring water quality platform and be deployed in multiple automatic water quality monitoring equipment on river course to be monitored according to certain interval parts, wherein,
Automatic water quality monitoring equipment, for automatic acquisition water quality parameter measured value, comprising:
Water quality parameter perception and transducing unit, comprise acquisition module and signal transmitting module, and wherein acquisition module comprises water temperature probe, pH value probe, dissolved oxygen probe, conductivity probe, turbidity probe tip, flow velocity probe, for gathering each water quality parameter; Signal transmitting module, for the measured value of each water quality parameter of each probe collection is converted into electric signal, and sends to processing and control module;
Sampling of water quality unit, comprises water gathering tube, miniature peristaltic pump, water sample storage bottle, for carrying out sampling of water quality according to control command;
Process and control module, comprise analog-to-digital conversion module, processor, memory module and clock module, the electric signal sending for receiving signal transmitting module, after analog-to-digital conversion resume module, obtain corresponding digital signal, processor obtains corresponding digital signal according to the apperceive characteristic of each probe pre-stored in memory module with after analog-to-digital conversion resume module, the water quality parameter measured value that obtains each probe, sends to data communication units;
Processing, is controlled sampling of water quality unit and is carried out sampling of water quality also for sending control command to acquisition module with control module;
Data communication units, for sending to monitoring water quality platform by the water quality parameter measured value of each probe;
Power adaptation unit, for completing the conversion adaptation of different input voltages, for the each unit of automatic water quality monitoring equipment provides Power supply;
Monitoring water quality platform, for described multiple automatic water quality monitoring equipment is managed, comprising:
Data receiver storage unit, for receiving the water quality parameter measured value of each probe that all automatic water quality monitoring equipment reports, and stores;
Data are made a report on and edit cell, and for according to the experimental determination result of described sampling of water quality, the water quality parameter measured value of each probe that automatic water quality monitoring equipment is reported is expanded and made a report on, and the probe measurement data that have fault are edited to correction;
User shows and interactive unit, for showing real-time water monitoring data, and inquiring and browsing of historical data is provided, and provide user to set the Configuration Values of automatic water quality monitoring equipment, comprise the setting of normal acquisition time interval, each parameter normality threshold scope, single sampling of water quality amount;
Administrative unit, for user's Configuration Values is issued to automatic water quality monitoring equipment, and in the time that water quality occurs extremely, carries out overall calculating and scheduling to the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room, has controlled monitoring time correlation of each monitoring equipment.
2. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described data communication units is supported communication, comprises 3G/GPRS, Ethernet, Zigbee, WIFI and RS232/485 wire communication.
3. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described automatic water quality monitoring equipment also comprises ultrasonic cleaner, for described each probe being cleaned with gathering before each probe carries out water quality parameter collection.
4. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described administrative unit, in the time that water quality occurs extremely, is carried out overall calculating and scheduling to the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room, has controlled monitoring time correlation of each monitoring equipment and has comprised:
If A, B, C, D are four adjacent automatic water quality monitoring equipment swimming over to downstream on basin, river course, if T
bmoment B equipment finds that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting at first, and the time that administrative unit arrives its adjacent monitoring equipment to pollutant carries out association and solves, and computing method are as follows:
In the time of upstream node that A is B, and v
0> v
b, wherein v
0for the rate of propagation of this pollutant in hydrostatic, v
bfor the water velocity at B point place, Pollutants Diffusion is to upstream node A, moment T
afor:
Wherein, S
bCfor the river course distance of A, B point-to-point transmission
In the time of downstream node that C is B, pollutant arrives the moment T that C is ordered
cfor:
Wherein, S
bCfor the river course distance of B, C point-to-point transmission, v
bfor the water velocity at B point place;
Controlling of sampling instruction is sent to A, C monitoring equipment by administrative unit, respectively at T
aand T
cmoment starts intensive water quality sampling, if A point or C point also exist certain water quality parameter to exceed the phenomenon of the normality threshold scope of setting, its adjacent basin node is repeated to above-mentioned steps.
5. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described monitoring water quality platform also comprises data processing and alarm unit, in the time there is superthreshold situation in the water quality parameter of any automatic water quality monitoring equipment collection, data processing and alarm unit are issued alarm in several ways, comprise webpage alarm and SMS alarm prompting, flow to according to the basin in river course at page end, the regional extent of pointing out current overproof water quality to occur, and the alarm indication mode different according to the degree set that exceeds standard, slightly exceed standard for orange, severe overweight is for red.
6. application rights requires a river water quality monitoring method for system described in 1, it is characterized in that, the method comprises:
S1. the each probe in acquisition module gathers each water quality parameter; Sampling of water quality unit carries out sampling of water quality according to processing the control command issuing with control module;
S2. the measured value of each water quality parameter of each probe collection is converted into electric signal by signal transmitting module, and send to processing and control module;
S3. process with control module and receive the electric signal that signal transmitting module sends, after analog-to-digital conversion resume module, obtain corresponding digital signal, processor obtains corresponding digital signal according to the apperceive characteristic of each probe pre-stored in memory module with after analog-to-digital conversion resume module, the water quality parameter measured value that obtains each probe, sends to data communication units;
S4. the water quality parameter measured value of each probe is sent to monitoring water quality platform by data communication units;
S5. monitoring water quality platform receives the water quality parameter measured value of each probe that all automatic water quality monitoring equipment reports, and stores;
S6. monitoring water quality platform is according to the experimental determination result of described sampling of water quality, and the water quality parameter measured value of each probe that automatic water quality monitoring equipment is reported is expanded and made a report on, and the probe measurement data that have fault are edited to correction;
S7 monitoring water quality platform is responsible for showing real-time water monitoring data, and provide inquiring and browsing of historical data, provide user to set the Configuration Values of automatic water quality monitoring equipment, comprise the setting of normal acquisition time interval, each parameter normality threshold scope, single sampling of water quality amount;
S8. user's Configuration Values is issued to automatic water quality monitoring equipment, and in the time that water quality occurs extremely, the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room is carried out to overall calculating and scheduling, controlled monitoring time correlation of each monitoring equipment.
7. method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, in described step S4, data communication units supports that the water quality parameter measured value of each probe is sent to monitoring water quality platform by communication, comprises 3G/GPRS, Ethernet, Zigbee, WIFI and RS232/485 wire communication.
8. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in described step S1, before the each probe in acquisition module gathers each water quality parameter and in the process of the each water quality parameter of collection, ultrasonic cleaner cleans described each probe.
9. method according to claim 6, is characterized in that, in described step S8, in the time that water quality occurs extremely, the collection monitoring time of each automatic water quality monitoring equipment room is carried out to overall calculating and scheduling, has controlled monitoring time correlation of each monitoring equipment and has comprised:
If A, B, C, D are four adjacent automatic water quality monitoring equipment swimming over to downstream on basin, river course, if T
bmoment B equipment finds that certain water quality parameter exceedes the normality threshold scope of setting at first, and the time that administrative unit arrives its adjacent monitoring equipment to pollutant carries out association and solves, and computing method are as follows:
In the time of upstream node that A is B, and v
0> v
b, wherein v
0for the rate of propagation of this pollutant in hydrostatic, v
bfor the water velocity at B point place, Pollutants Diffusion is to upstream node A, moment T
afor:
Wherein, S
bCfor the river course distance of A, B point-to-point transmission
In the time of downstream node that C is B, pollutant arrives the moment T that C is ordered
cfor:
Wherein, S
bCfor the river course distance of B, C point-to-point transmission, v
bfor the water velocity at B point place;
Controlling of sampling instruction is sent to A, C monitoring equipment by administrative unit, respectively at T
aand T
cmoment starts intensive water quality sampling, if A point or C point also exist certain water quality parameter to exceed the phenomenon of the normality threshold scope of setting, its adjacent basin node is repeated to above-mentioned steps.
10. method according to claim 6, it is characterized in that, the method also comprises when superthreshold situation appears in the water quality parameter of establishing collection when any automatic water quality monitoring, monitoring water quality platform is issued alarm in several ways, comprise webpage alarm and SMS alarm prompting, flow to the regional extent of pointing out current overproof water quality to occur at page end according to the basin in river course, and the alarm indication mode different according to the degree set that exceeds standard, slightly exceed standard for orange, severe overweight is for red.
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