CN103982373A - Wind turbine - Google Patents
Wind turbine Download PDFInfo
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- CN103982373A CN103982373A CN201410238804.5A CN201410238804A CN103982373A CN 103982373 A CN103982373 A CN 103982373A CN 201410238804 A CN201410238804 A CN 201410238804A CN 103982373 A CN103982373 A CN 103982373A
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- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 89
- 238000013016 damping Methods 0.000 claims description 49
- 230000001133 acceleration Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001105 regulatory effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 description 7
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 6
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 description 6
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 3
- 230000010355 oscillation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 3
- 238000013461 design Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009434 installation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000003993 interaction Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000010977 unit operation Methods 0.000 description 2
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- 238000010276 construction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011217 control strategy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001276 controlling effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010248 power generation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001629 suppression Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 1
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/70—Wind energy
- Y02E10/74—Wind turbines with rotation axis perpendicular to the wind direction
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Abstract
The invention discloses a wind turbine, comprising: an impeller including at least two blade units; the impeller is arranged on the main shaft; and a main frame coupled with the tower to support the main shaft and the impeller, each of the blade units including: a blade; and a wheel frame for mounting and supporting the blade, wherein the wheel frames of the at least two blade units are mounted around the main shaft, wherein any adjacent pair of the wheel frames are connected to each other by a first vibration isolation damper arranged along a circumferential direction of the impeller. The impeller of the wind turbine can realize self balance, is easy to assemble, and contributes to reducing the vibration of the whole machine.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to wind power generation field, specifically, the present invention relates to a kind of wind turbine for wind-power electricity generation.
Background technique
Wind turbine is a kind of device that is electric energy by wind energy transformation, mainly comprises blade, generator, mechanical part and electric component etc.No matter be directly driving type, double-fed type or middling speed or high-speed wind turbine machine, all have the rotary blade system that comprises a plurality of blades and a wheel hub, blade can be directly connected on wheel hub, also can and become oar driving by pitch variable bearings and be connected on wheel hub.Due to factors such as wind speed variation, wind shear, turbulent flow, tower shadow and controls, the wind energy that impeller system absorbs is non-constant, and act on each blade load and also constantly change, cause the mechanical parts such as transmission system, generator system, nacelle system and tower foundation to produce vibrating and jeopardize unit operation safety, reliability and earning rate etc.
Between each blade due to modern wind turbine, there is no load transmission and relatively independent, blade loading is all directly delivered on the rigidity wheel hub of impeller.Therefore, act on vaned dynamic vibration load all the wheel hub by impeller be delivered to the parts such as generator, main shaft system, cabin, pylon and basis.Due to separate between wind turbine blade, the oscillating load that impeller is delivered to wind turbine body comprises: the pneumatic harmonic wave of 3P/6P, the shimmy harmonic wave of 1P/2P/4P/5P/7P/8P, 1P/2P/4P/8P wave harmonic wave.These vibration harmonics are the roots that cause the mechanical parts such as transmission system, generator system, nacelle system and tower foundation to produce vibration and fatigue and jeopardize unit operation safety, reliability and earning rate etc.
In patent application CN103069158A, disclose between the impeller of direct driving wind turbine and generator amature and adopted and flexibly connect, reduced the bending load that impeller system is delivered to generator amature, but this mode can not fundamentally be carried out vibration damping and load shedding is controlled, can not effectively reduce impeller to the vibration of main shaft system, cabin, pylon and fatigue damage, its effectiveness in vibration suppression is limited for complete machine usefulness simultaneously.In patent application DE10239366A1, the impeller of disclosed wind turbine and generator height are integrated, have reduced weight and the cost of wind turbine, are difficult to equally effectively reduce vibration and the fatigue damage of generator, axle system, cabin and pylon.
In current wind turbine, although can reduce complete machine oscillation and fatigue load by independent pitch technology, because physical environment is complicated and changeable and wind turbine running state is complicated, control strategy need to customize and optimize according to specific environment and state.And independent pitch need to increase a set of highly reliable load measuring system, must increase cost and the complexity of system.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wind turbine with the impeller of Self-balancing.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wind turbine that can reduce complete machine oscillation.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wind turbine with pendulate load of waving that can effectively reduce impeller.
Another object of the present invention is to provide a kind of wind turbine of the vibration can ACTIVE CONTROL impeller producing.
According to an aspect of the present invention, provide a kind of wind turbine, having comprised: impeller, has comprised at least two blade units; Main shaft, impeller is arranged on main shaft; And mainframe, be connected with pylon, with supports main shaft and impeller.Wherein, each blade unit comprises: blade; And wheel carrier, for installing and support blade, wherein, the wheel carrier of described at least two blade units is installed around main shaft, and wherein, any adjacent a pair of wheel carrier is connected to each other by the first isolation damper of the circumferential arrangement along impeller.
The two ends of the first isolation damper can be connected with described adjacent a pair of wheel carrier respectively.
Impeller and main shaft can be connected to each other by the second isolation damper.
Described main shaft also can comprise: central shaft, is fixedly connected with mainframe; Rotating shaft, is sleeved on central shaft, and is connected with the wheel carrier of blade unit by the second isolation damper; Bearing, is arranged between central shaft and rotating shaft, with supporting revolving shaft and impeller, around central shaft, rotates.
The first isolation damper can be the damper with composite structure, and this damper can have predetermined rigidity and predetermined damping constant.
The first isolation damper can be the passive damping device with constant damping coefficient, become the semi-active damper device of damping constant or have the active damper of capable of regulating damping constant.
The second isolation damper can be the damper with composite structure, and this damper has predetermined rigidity and predetermined damping constant.
The second isolation damper can be the passive damping device with constant damping coefficient, become the semi-active damper device of damping constant or have the active damper of capable of regulating damping constant.
The front side of wheel carrier can be connected with the front-end and back-end of main shaft by the second isolation damper respectively with rear side.
Described wind turbine also can comprise: the stator of generator, is fixedly connected with described central shaft, between the wheel carrier of impeller and the mainframe of blower fan; The rotor of generator, is connected with the rear robot of described rotating shaft, and can be around the stator rotation of generator.
Described rotating shaft can comprise front end rotating shaft and the rear end rotating shaft of spaced-apart intended distance, and wherein, the front side of front end rotating shaft and wheel carrier is connected by the second isolation damper, and the rear side of rear end rotating shaft and wheel carrier is connected by the second isolation damper.
Described wind turbine also can comprise: the stator of generator, be fixedly connected with described central shaft, and between front end rotating shaft and rear end rotating shaft, wherein, the wheel carrier of described impeller is as the rotor of the generator of the stator rotation around generator.
Described impeller rotates together with main shaft, and wherein, described wind turbine also can comprise: step-up gear, is connected with main shaft; The rotor of generator, is connected with step-up gear and can rotates; With the stator of generator, around the rotor of generator, be arranged on mainframe.
Described wind turbine also can comprise: acceleration transducer, is separately positioned on the wheel carrier of each blade unit, for measuring the acceleration of each wheel carrier; The first damping sensor, is arranged on the first isolation damper, to measure the working state of the first isolation damper; The second damping sensor, is arranged on the second isolation damper, to measure the working state of the second isolation damper; Controller, receives the measurement result of the first damping sensor and the second damping sensor and acceleration transducer, and according to the running state of measurement result and wind turbine and wind speed, controls the working state of each isolation damper.
The quantity of described blade unit can be 3
Wind turbine according to the present invention has self balancing impeller, by separated impeller, it is relatively independent blade unit, each blade unit and being connected by isolation damper waving with shimmy direction with rotating shaft, make each blade unit no longer independent, obviously reduced blade unit mutual cause vibration and the fatigue of impeller because of out of phase, different loads size and different magnitude of vibrations, thereby impeller loads smooth transfer, to wind turbine body, effectively reduces vibration and the fatigue of the parts such as blade, power train, generator, cabin, pylon, basis.When reducing costs, but also dynamic performance and the reliability of wind turbine have been improved.Meanwhile, because wind turbine impeller being separated into relatively simple blade unit, reduced Impeller Design and the manufacture difficulty of high-power wind turbo machine, easily assembling.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the partial front schematic diagram according to the wind turbine of the first embodiment of the present invention, and wherein, the blade of impeller has been omitted;
Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the wind turbine shown in Fig. 1;
Fig. 3 illustrates the stereogram that has omitted the wheel carrier of lug in Fig. 1;
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of wind turbine according to a second embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the wind turbine of a third embodiment in accordance with the invention;
Fig. 6 is according to the schematic diagram of the monitor control system of the wind turbine of the embodiment of the present invention;
Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 C illustrates the pylon load of wind turbine (having vibration isolator) and the chart of cabin acceleration of wind turbine (not having vibration isolator) and prior art according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, Fig. 7 A shows the tower top of wind turbine and the stress load Fx of column foot and the chart of Fy of wind turbine and prior art according to an embodiment of the invention, Fig. 7 B shows the tower top of the wind turbine of wind turbine and prior art according to an embodiment of the invention and bending load Mx that column foot bears and the chart of My, the cabin that Fig. 7 C shows the wind turbine of wind turbine and prior art according to an embodiment of the invention (, tower top) chart of acceleration.
Embodiment
In order to make those skilled in the art better understand the present invention, below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, specific embodiments of the invention are described in detail.
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing 1-3, describe according to the wind turbine 100 of the first embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 1 is the partial front schematic diagram according to the wind turbine of the first embodiment of the present invention, and wherein, the blade of impeller has been omitted; Fig. 2 is the sectional view of the wind turbine shown in Fig. 1; Fig. 3 illustrates the stereogram that has omitted the wheel carrier of lug in Fig. 1.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, according to the wind turbine 100 of the first embodiment of the present invention, belong to a kind of direct-drive aerogenerator group.For direct-drive aerogenerator group, the rotor of impeller direct drive generator, and the stator rotation of the generator that rotor is installed around being fixed under the drive of impeller produces electric power thus.
In the present embodiment, wind turbine 100 mainly comprise impeller 10, main shaft 20, generator 30, mainframe 40, pylon 60 and be connected in mainframe 40 and pylon 60 between Yawing mechanism 70.
Impeller 10 is installed on main shaft 20, and rotation with the wind, thereby wind-force is delivered to the generator 30 being arranged on main shaft 20, and take wind power transformation is electric power.And mainframe 40 extends perpendicular to pylon 60 haply, be connected between pylon 60 and main shaft 20.Mainframe 40 is not only for the rotation of supports main shaft 20 and impeller 10 and impeller 10, but also bears the moment of flexure that impeller 10 and main shaft 20 produce.
Yawing mechanism 70 is for mainframe 40 is connected with pylon 60, and allows mainframe 40 and main shaft 20 and impeller 10 to rotate around the longitudinal axis of the pylon 60 of wind turbine.By Yawing mechanism 70 is set, can make impeller 10 and main shaft 20 follow the tracks of the variation of wind direction, to keep stable generating; And the cable of drawing in cabin when wind turbine 100 is while occurring to be wound around, and utilizes Yawing mechanism 70 can realize automatic cable-releasing.
Specifically, impeller 10 comprises three blade units 11 independent of each other, and each blade unit 11 comprises blade 15 and wheel carrier 16.The wheel carrier 16 of each blade unit 11 is connected to each other and forms annular, has been equivalent to thus form the wheel hub of impeller 10.Although it should be noted that the concept of the wheel hub that has been incorporated herein impeller, this is the appellation in function, from structure, between each blade unit, is not in fact fixedly connected with, but has separately very large independence.As shown in figures 1 and 3, each wheel carrier 16 comprises fan-shaped main body 161 and from the blades installation portion 162 of the arc-shaped outer surface upper process of fan-shaped main body, the root of blade 15 is arranged on blades installation portion 162 by blade pitch device 12.Blade pitch device 12 allows blade 15 to rotate around the longitudinal blade axis of wind turbine 100, adjusts thus the angle of blade 15.By controlling the angle of blade 15, can control the rotating speed of impeller 10, and then control the output power of wind turbine 100, and can make by the mode of aerodynamic braking wind turbine 100 dead halts.
As depicted in figs. 1 and 2, the connection part place of adjacent a pair of wheel carrier 16 is formed with lug 163 respect to one another.Specifically, lug 163 is formed on the place, two ends of the arc-shaped outer surface of fan-shaped main body 161, when a pair of wheel carrier 16 is connected to each other, can connect by connecting lug 163 respect to one another like this.Central authorities at each lug 163 can form through hole, can connect flexibly adjacent wheel carrier 16 by the lug 163 of structure like this thus, for example, by connect isolation damper between lug 163 respect to one another, realize above-mentioned flexibly connecting.By wheel carrier 16 is connected to each other, when making blade unit there is independence, make it have again integrity, thereby can guarantee that the normal function of impeller is unaffected.Every one end at the arc-shaped outer surface of fan-shaped main body 161, can only form a lug 163, also can form more lugs, for example 3.Like this, wheel carrier 16 adjacent one another are can be connected to each other by a pair of or more multipair lug 163.In addition, each fan-shaped main body has both sides respect to one another, that is, and and front side and rear side.When the wheel carrier 16 of each blade unit 11 is arranged on main shaft 20 and while being connected to each other, the front side of wheel carrier 16 (wheel hub in other words) is corresponding to the windward side of impeller 10, and the rear side of wheel carrier 16 (wheel hub in other words) is relative with mainframe 40.Because the diameter of main shaft 20 increases to the back-end gradually from front end, therefore, the inner diameter of the front side of the wheel hub that wheel carrier 16 forms is less than the inner diameter of rear side, to match with the shape of main shaft 20.
In an embodiment of the present invention, the impeller of take has three blade units and is described as example, because it is relatively high to have the generating efficiency of wind turbine of impeller of three blades, is generally applied.Yet, the invention is not restricted to this, the quantity of blade unit 11 is not limited to 3, can be also 2 or more.As shown in Figure 1, adjacent a pair of wheel carrier 16 connects (also can be called as shimmy isolation damper 25) by isolation damper 25.Specifically, isolation damper 25 can, along the circumferential arrangement of impeller, for example, can be arranged along the outer surface of impeller (hub portion that specifically, wheel carrier 16 forms).In order to realize the connection of adjacent wheel carrier, the two ends of isolation damper 25 are connected with adjacent a pair of wheel carrier respectively.Yet, the invention is not restricted to this, in the situation that spatial condition allows, also can be by isolation damper arranging in interior week along the so-called hub portion of impeller 10.As mentioned above, in the situation that form lug 163 in the peripheral surface of wheel carrier 16, the two ends of isolation damper 25 are connected with the lug respect to one another 163 on adjacent wheel carrier 16 respectively.Lug 163 is for connecting isolation damper 25, and its structure is only an example, and the present invention is not limited to this, as long as any structure that can make isolation damper 25 be connected between adjacent wheel carrier 16 is all fine.
As shown in Figure 2, by the wheel carrier 16 of blade unit 11, be connected to each other and the wheel hub of the impeller 10 that forms, and wheel hub is installed on main shaft 20.Below with reference to Fig. 2 describe in detail the main shaft 20 of wind turbine 100 according to an embodiment of the invention concrete structure and with the linkage structure of wheel hub.
As shown in Figure 2, main shaft 20 comprises: central shaft 21, and be permanently connected with mainframe 40, and substantially along direction perpendicular to pylon 60, extend, support thus impeller 10 and the spin axis of impeller 10 is provided; Rotating shaft 22, is enclosed within on central shaft 21 and with the wheel hub of impeller 10 and is connected; Bearing 23, is arranged between rotating shaft 22 and central shaft 21, so that rotating shaft 22 and impeller 10 can be around central shaft 21 rotations.By the structure of main shaft 20, allow the blade unit 10 of wind turbine 100 to rotate around the axial direction of central shaft 21, here, the axial direction of central shaft 21 is substantially perpendicular to the bearing of trend of pylon 60.
In addition, the stator 32 of generator 30 is also installed on central shaft 21, and rotating shaft 22 is fixedly connected with the rotor 31 of generator 31, and rotor 31 is installed around stator 32.Like this, when impeller 10 and rotating shaft 22 are during around central shaft 21 rotation, rotor 31 can be around stator 32 rotations, thus electromagnetic interaction occur and produce electric power.
More particularly, in the front and rear of rotating shaft 22, by bearing 23, support, and be formed with front end boss on the external peripheral surface of the front end of rotating shaft 23, and end boss after being formed with on the external peripheral surface of the rear end of rotating shaft 23.Preferably, front end boss and rear end boss can form annular shape.Yet, the invention is not restricted to this, front end boss and rear end boss also can form discontinuous shape, for example, form a plurality of independently lugs.Front end boss is connected with the front side of wheel hub, and then end boss is connected with the rear side of wheel hub, thereby impeller 10 and rotating shaft 22 are linked together.Preferably, front end boss is connected with rear side with the front side of wheel hub respectively flexibly with rear end boss, for example, by isolation damper 26, connect (will be discussed in more detail below).In addition, in the rear end of central shaft 21, that is, the position between impeller 10 and mainframe 40, is also provided with the stator 32 of generator 30.Similar with the mounting type of wheel hub, stator 32 is also installed on central shaft 21 by the flange being formed on the external peripheral surface of central shaft 21.One end around the rotor 31 of stator 32 is connected with the rear end of rotating shaft 22.Like this, when impeller 10 rotation, rotating shaft 22 is rotated together with impeller 10, thereby wind-force is delivered to the rotor 31 of generator 30, then by generator 30, is converted to electric power.
In addition, the wheel hub of impeller 10 also can be connected by isolation damper 26 with main shaft 20.More particularly, isolation damper 26 (also can be called as and wave isolation damper 26) be connected to front end boss and impeller wheel hub front side (, the front side of wheel carrier) between and between rear end boss and the rear side (that is, the rear side of wheel carrier) of wheel hub.Because the two ends of isolation damper 26 are connected to respectively wheel hub and the main shaft 20 of impeller 10, thereby impeller 10 is mounted on main shaft 20.
In this application, although describing main shaft 20 in detail is connected with the wheel carrier 16 of impeller 10 by flange, yet the invention is not restricted to this, the effect that it will be clear for those skilled in the art that flange is conveniently one end of isolation damper 26 to be connected to main shaft 20 (particularly, rotating shaft 22), therefore, the such structure of flange is only an example, and the present invention is not limited to this, as long as any structure that can make isolation damper 26 be connected between main shaft 20 and wheel carrier 16 is all fine.
Shimmy isolation damper 25 with wave isolation damper 26 and can adopt simultaneously, also can adopt separately shimmy isolation damper 25 to realize shimmy vibration damping, or can adopt separately and wave isolation damper 26 and realize and wave vibration damping.Preferably, isolation damper 25 and 26 is for having the composite structure of enough rigidity and suitable damping, and the size of its rigidity and damping can be invariable.But the invention is not restricted to this, isolation damper 25 and 26 damping also can change with the working state of damper or by its size of wind turbine dynamic operational behaviour ACTIVE CONTROL.That is to say, isolation damper 25 and 26 can be the passive damping device with constant damping coefficient, become the semi-active damper device of damping constant or have the active damper of capable of regulating damping constant.Moreover, as required, isolation damper 25 and 26 can also adopt two kinds or two or more damper mixing uses.
As previously mentioned, isolation damper 25 and 26 can be all the damper with composite structure, and this damper should have enough rigidity and damping constant.The isolation damper 25 and 26 that the present invention has predetermined rigidity and predetermined damping constant by setting reduces the complete machine oscillation of wind turbine 100 greatly with simple structure.This is because for wind turbine, because the factors such as wind shear, turbulent flow, tower shadow cause the magnitude of load of each blade 15 of wind turbine different, and vibration phase is also different.Along each blade unit of the shimmy direction of wind turbine, mutually must there is extruding and stretch to interact, by isolation damper 25 (as shimmy isolation damper), consume vibrational energy, each blade 15 can reach transient equiliblium automatically, effectively reduce the shimmy harmonic vibration load of the pneumatic harmonic wave of 3P/6P and 1P/2P/4P/5P/7P/8P, the moment of torsion of impeller 10 by smooth transfer to the generator amature 31 of wind turbine.In addition, the direction of waving along wind turbine 100, by wheel carrier 16, there are tension and compression with rotating shaft 22 and interact in each blade unit 11, and consume vibrational energy by isolation damper 26 (as waving isolation damper), effectively reduce 1P/2P/4P/8P and wave harmonic vibration load, make the pitching moment of flexure of impeller and by main bearing 23, central shaft 21, mainframe 40, Yawing mechanism 70, by smooth transfer, arrived the basis of pylon 60 and wind turbine with the driftage moment of flexure of mainframe 40.
In this embodiment, the structure that has a blade unit 11 independent of each other with impeller 10 is described.The present invention is relatively independent blade unit by the impeller of cutting wind turbine, at each blade unit, each other and between blade unit and rotation system isolation damper is installed, effectively eliminate inconsistent load and the vibration of each blade unit of impeller system, fundamentally effectively reduce vibration and the fatigue that impeller system is delivered to the parts such as wind turbine main shaft system, generator, cabin and pylon and subtense angle, reduce cost, improved dynamic performance and the reliability of wind turbine.By separated impeller, be relatively independent blade unit, impeller manufacture and assembling are more flexible, greatly reduce manufacture and the assembling difficulty of high-power wind turbo machine.
Yet, the invention is not restricted to this, impeller 10 also can adopt monolithic construction.In this case, by what arrange between wheel hub and main shaft 20, wave isolation damper 26 and can consume and wave vibrational energy equally, reduce thus the vibration that is passed to mainframe 40 and pylon 60.
Referring to figs. 1 through Fig. 3, the rotor 31 of generator 30 and first embodiment in the outside that stator 32 is arranged on impeller 10 have been described hereinbefore, yet, the invention is not restricted to this, that is, rotor 31 and the stator 32 of generator 30 also can be arranged on the inner side of impeller 10.Below with reference to Fig. 4, wind turbine 200 is according to a second embodiment of the present invention described.
Fig. 4 is the structural representation of wind turbine 200 according to a second embodiment of the present invention.In the present embodiment, the parts similar with the parts of the first embodiment's wind turbine 100 are represented by identical label, therefore, will omit being repeated in this description same parts.
Wind turbine according to a second embodiment of the present invention 200 with according to the difference of the wind turbine 100 of the first embodiment of the present invention, be only the mounting point of the structure of rotating shaft 22 and the stator 32 of generator 30 and rotor 31.
In the present embodiment, rotating shaft 22 is divided into front end rotating shaft 22-1 and the rear end rotating shaft 22-2 being spaced apart at a predetermined distance from each other.Front end rotating shaft 22-1 is installed in the front end of central shaft 21, on its outer surface, is formed with front end boss, and front end boss is connected with the front side of wheel hub; Rear end rotating shaft 22-2 is installed in the rear end of central shaft 21 and more close mainframe 40, end boss after being formed with on the outer surface of rear end rotating shaft 22-2, and rear end boss is connected with the rear side of wheel hub.Similar with the first embodiment, main shaft 20 and impeller 10 are connected to each other by isolation damper 26.Specifically, isolation damper 26 is arranged between front end boss and the front side of wheel hub and between rear end boss and the rear side of wheel hub.Isolation damper 26 has consumed waves vibrational energy, effectively reduce 1P/2P/4P/8P and wave harmonic vibration load, make the pitching moment of flexure of impeller 10 and by main bearing 23, central shaft 21, mainframe 40, Yawing mechanism 70, by smooth transfer, arrived the basis of pylon 60 and wind turbine with the driftage moment of flexure of mainframe 40.
In addition, the stator 32 of generator 30 is fixedly attached to the middle part of central shaft 21, that is, and and between front end rotating shaft 22-1 and rear end rotating shaft 22-2.Similar with the first embodiment, stator 32 also can be fixedly connected with central shaft 21 by the flange being formed on the outer surface of central shaft 21.Meanwhile, the wheel hub of impeller (wheel carrier 16 of impeller units 11 in other words) can be used as the rotor 31 of generator.Highly integrated by generator 30 and impeller 10, not only simplify the structure of wind turbine 200, and simplified transmission of power, contribute to improve the generating efficiency of generator 30.
In addition, in the situation that impeller 10 has a plurality of impeller units 11, can between wheel carrier 16, connect isolation damper 25 equally, make impeller 10 realize at work self balancing, to reduce the vibration that is delivered to main shaft 20 and even pylon 60 and blower foundation from each blade unit 11.
The wind turbine direct drive of take has above been described wind turbine according to an embodiment of the invention as example, yet, the invention is not restricted to this, the present invention is also applicable to various types of wind turbines such as double-fed, high speed.The middling speed wind turbine of take is below described an alternative embodiment of the invention as example.
Fig. 5 is the structural representation of the wind turbine 300 of a third embodiment in accordance with the invention, and wherein, wind turbine 300 is middling speed wind turbine type.
Embodiment is different from the first two, and the main shaft 20 of wind turbine 300 is directly connected with the wheel hub of impeller 10, and impeller 10 rotates together with main shaft 20 thus, therefore, in wind turbine 300, has omitted the bearing of rotating shaft and supporting revolving shaft.Particularly, as shown in Figure 5, in the front-end and back-end of main shaft 20, be formed with respectively front end boss and rear end boss, front side and the rear side of the wheel hub of impeller 10 are attached thereto respectively.
As known in those skilled in the art, main shaft 20 is connected with the rotor (not shown) of generator by step-up gear (not shown), wind-force is delivered to rotor (not shown).The stator of generator is supported by mainframe (not shown).The interaction of rotor and stator by generator is electric energy by wind energy transformation.
Similar with embodiment above, impeller 10 can be comprised of three blade units 11, the wheel carrier 16 of blade unit 11 makes impeller 10 upwards interconnect in week by shimmy isolation damper 25, by waving isolation damper 26, impeller 10 is connected in the axial direction with main shaft 20.The moment of torsion of impeller and moment of flexure are all delivered to main shaft 20, and moment of flexure is further passed to mainframe 40 by main shaft 20, and moment of torsion is delivered to middling speed or high-speed engine by step-up gear.
Yet, the invention is not restricted to this, as previously mentioned, impeller 10 also can form integrated type, like this, can omit shimmy isolation damper 25.
By being described clearly above, be, by isolation damper being set between the blade unit at impeller or impeller and main shaft or another blade unit, the vibrational energy being produced by impeller in blower fan working procedure be can consume, thereby can reduce from source, pylon and basic vibration are passed to.In addition realized, the smooth transfer of power.In addition, for the relatively independent inherent characteristic of modern wind turbine Leaf, by impeller is separated into relatively independent blade unit by the number of blade, each blade unit adopts isolation damper to connect in shimmy direction each other, between blade unit and wheel rotation axle, also adopt isolation damper to be connected waving direction (wheel rotation axial direction), each blade unit is no longer relatively independent.Thus, no matter each blade is cophasing or out of phase, each other relative deformation must occur, shimmy and wave direction and reduce by isolation damper the oscillating load that impeller is delivered to wind turbine body.Therefore, after connecting by isolation damper between each blade unit, can reach real-time self balancing, realize load and from impeller, be delivered to the smooth transfer of wind turbine body.
In description above, mention isolation damper and can adopt semi-active damper device and active damper, by isolation damper is carried out to ACTIVE CONTROL, can realize the best self balancing of impeller.Below in conjunction with the monitor control system according to the wind turbine 100 of the embodiment of the present invention shown in Fig. 6, make an explanation and introduce.
Fig. 6 is according to the schematic diagram of the monitor control system of the wind turbine of the embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in Figure 6, the monitor control system of wind turbine 100 mainly comprises: acceleration transducer 91,92 and 93, is arranged on respectively on the wheel carrier 16 of each blade unit 11, for measuring the acceleration of impeller 10 in three directions; Damping sensor 97, is separately positioned on and waves on isolation damper 26 and shimmy vibration isolation sensor 25, for measuring the working state of each isolation damper; Master controller 80, communicates by letter with damping sensor with each acceleration transducer by data/address bus 85, and receives the measurement result of these sensors.The data of acceleration transducer 91,92,93 and damper sensor are after data/address bus 85 is transferred to master controller 80, master controller 80 is according to acceleration transducer 91,92,93 and the test data of damping sensor 97 and the running state of wind turbine, wind speed etc., calculate suitable rigidity and the damping constant of isolation damper, then by the damping controller 86 being connected with each isolation damper, control the working status parameter of each isolation damper, realize vibration control and the load of wind turbine body and blade and control.At this, also master controller 80 and damping controller 86 can be become one, and be referred to as controller.
In wind turbine according to the present invention, by adopting semi-active damper device and/or active damper, on wind turbine, need to install one or more sensors simultaneously, and according to the rigidity of sensing data change damper and damping size, can realize the best self balancing effect of each blade unit of impeller.
Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 C illustrates the pylon load of the wind turbine (not having vibration isolator) of wind turbine (having vibration isolator) and prior art and the chart of cabin acceleration according to an embodiment of the invention, wherein, Fig. 7 A shows the tower top of wind turbine and the stress load Fx of column foot and the chart of Fy of wind turbine and prior art according to an embodiment of the invention, Fig. 7 B shows the tower top of the wind turbine of wind turbine and prior art according to an embodiment of the invention and bending load Mx that column foot bears and the chart of My, the cabin that Fig. 7 C shows the wind turbine of wind turbine and prior art according to an embodiment of the invention (, tower top) chart of acceleration.In Fig. 7 A to Fig. 7 C, what pattern part that gray scale is little was represented is according to the pylon load of wind turbine after employing isolation damper of the present invention and the schematic diagram of cabin acceleration; And the large pattern part of gray scale represented be the pylon load of the wind turbine that does not adopt isolation damper and the schematic diagram of cabin acceleration of prior art.By contrast, can find out, wind turbine is compared with the wind turbine of prior art according to an embodiment of the invention, and acceleration and load obviously reduce.
Generally speaking, wind turbine for example, by impeller (or each blade unit) and other parts (according to an embodiment of the invention, adjacent blade unit or main shaft) between by isolation damper (being preferably active spoiler), connect, at least can be achieved as follows one of useful effect:
1, constructed a kind of wind turbine with self balancing impeller, blade unit be can obviously reduce thus and vibration and the fatigue of impeller because of out of phase, different loads size and different magnitude of vibrations, caused each other, realize impeller loads smooth transfer to wind turbine body, effectively reduce vibration and the fatigue of the parts such as power train, generator, cabin, pylon, basis, be conducive to improve reliability and the dynamic performance of machine system, reduce operation and control difficulty and cost.
2, the wind turbine of self balancing impeller is from the source of load and vibration, to realize wind turbine vibration damping and load shedding control, with respect to carry out the technological schemes such as vibration damping control and independent feathering control at wind turbine intermediate member, the wind turbine of self balancing impeller has obvious technology and usefulness advantage, and at the bottom of simple in structure, cost, reliability is high.
3, wind turbine impeller is separated into relatively simple blade unit, has reduced Impeller Design and the manufacture difficulty of high-power wind turbo machine, easily assembling.
4, the impeller of wind turbine and main shaft realization are flexibly connected, can reduce the dynamic load that blade vibration and blade are delivered to rotatingshaft, improve blade operational reliability.
Above the specific embodiment of the present invention be have been described in detail; although represented and described some embodiments; but those skilled in the art should understand that; in the situation that do not depart from principle of the present invention and the spirit that is limited its scope by claim and equivalent thereof; can modify and perfect to these embodiments, these modifications and improve also should be in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (15)
1. a wind turbine, comprising:
Impeller, comprises at least two blade units;
Main shaft, impeller is arranged on main shaft; With
Mainframe, is connected with pylon, with supports main shaft and impeller,
It is characterized in that, each blade unit comprises:
Blade; With
Wheel carrier, for installing and support blade,
Wherein, the wheel carrier of described at least two blade units is installed around main shaft,
Wherein, any adjacent a pair of wheel carrier is connected to each other by the first isolation damper of the circumferential arrangement along impeller.
2. wind turbine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the two ends of the first isolation damper are connected with described adjacent a pair of wheel carrier respectively.
3. wind turbine according to claim 1, is characterized in that, impeller and main shaft are connected to each other by the second isolation damper.
4. wind turbine according to claim 3, is characterized in that, described main shaft also comprises:
Central shaft, is fixedly connected with mainframe;
Rotating shaft, is sleeved on central shaft, and is connected with the wheel carrier of blade unit by the second isolation damper;
Bearing, is arranged between central shaft and rotating shaft, with supporting revolving shaft and impeller, around central shaft, rotates.
5. wind turbine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the first isolation damper is the damper with composite structure, and this damper has predetermined rigidity and predetermined damping constant.
6. wind turbine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the first isolation damper is the passive damping device with constant damping coefficient, become the semi-active damper device of damping constant or have the active damper of capable of regulating damping constant.
7. wind turbine as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the second isolation damper is the damper with composite structure, and this damper has predetermined rigidity and predetermined damping constant.
8. wind turbine as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the second isolation damper is the passive damping device with constant damping coefficient, become the semi-active damper device of damping constant or have the active damper of capable of regulating damping constant.
9. wind turbine as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the front side of wheel carrier is connected with the front-end and back-end of main shaft by the second isolation damper respectively with rear side.
10. wind turbine as claimed in claim 4, is characterized in that, described wind turbine also comprises:
The stator of generator, is fixedly connected with described central shaft, between the wheel carrier of impeller and the mainframe of blower fan;
The rotor of generator, is connected with the rear robot of described rotating shaft, and can be around the stator rotation of generator.
11. wind turbines as claimed in claim 4, it is characterized in that, described rotating shaft comprises front end rotating shaft and the rear end rotating shaft of spaced-apart intended distance, wherein, the front side of front end rotating shaft and wheel carrier is connected by the second isolation damper, and the rear side of rear end rotating shaft and wheel carrier is connected by the second isolation damper.
12. wind turbines as claimed in claim 11, is characterized in that, described wind turbine also comprises:
The stator of generator, is fixedly connected with described central shaft, and between front end rotating shaft and rear end rotating shaft,
Wherein, the wheel carrier of described impeller is as the rotor of the generator of the stator rotation around generator.
13. wind turbines as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, impeller rotates together with main shaft,
Wherein, described wind turbine also comprises:
Step-up gear, is connected with main shaft;
The rotor of generator, is connected with step-up gear and can rotates; With
The stator of generator, is arranged on mainframe around the rotor of generator.
14. wind turbines as claimed in claim 2, is characterized in that, described wind turbine also comprises:
Acceleration transducer, is separately positioned on the wheel carrier of each blade unit, for measuring the acceleration of each wheel carrier;
The first damping sensor, is arranged on the first isolation damper, to measure the working state of the first isolation damper;
The second damping sensor, is arranged on the second isolation damper, to measure the working state of the second isolation damper;
Controller, receives the measurement result of the first damping sensor and the second damping sensor and acceleration transducer, and according to the running state of measurement result and wind turbine and wind speed, controls the working state of each isolation damper.
15. wind turbines as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, the quantity of described blade unit is 3.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410238804.5A CN103982373B (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | Wind turbine |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410238804.5A CN103982373B (en) | 2014-05-30 | 2014-05-30 | Wind turbine |
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| CN103982373A true CN103982373A (en) | 2014-08-13 |
| CN103982373B CN103982373B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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| CN104389746A (en) * | 2014-10-16 | 2015-03-04 | 新疆金风科技股份有限公司 | Impeller of wind-driven power generator set and wind-driven power generator set |
| CN113123923A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-07-16 | 三一重能股份有限公司 | Wind generating set and impeller thereof |
| EP4357613A1 (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2024-04-24 | General Electric Renovables España S.L. | Drive train assemblies for wind turbines |
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| CN113123923A (en) * | 2019-12-30 | 2021-07-16 | 三一重能股份有限公司 | Wind generating set and impeller thereof |
| EP4357613A1 (en) * | 2022-10-17 | 2024-04-24 | General Electric Renovables España S.L. | Drive train assemblies for wind turbines |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN103982373B (en) | 2016-08-24 |
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