CN103982174B - With boring equal yield density measuring method and device - Google Patents
With boring equal yield density measuring method and device Download PDFInfo
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- CN103982174B CN103982174B CN201410233859.7A CN201410233859A CN103982174B CN 103982174 B CN103982174 B CN 103982174B CN 201410233859 A CN201410233859 A CN 201410233859A CN 103982174 B CN103982174 B CN 103982174B
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Abstract
A kind of with boring equivalent drilling fluid density measuring method and device; measurement while drilling annular pressure; down-hole is from motion tracking drilling depth and well track; Real-Time Monitoring equivalent drilling fluid density and variation thereof; and judge that whether equal yield density is in allowing within the scope of security window; can grasp in time the situations such as down-hole pressure control, hole cleaning and formation fluid immersion; effectively instruct drilling technology personnel to construct; prevention down hole problem and accident; thereby safety is bored and reached target zone smoothly, realize the expection drilling well targets such as reservoir protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates in oil, Natural Gas Drilling Operation with boring equal yield density monitoring method and device,For down-hole equivalent drilling fluid density during Real-time Obtaining drilling well, instruct narrow Density Window drilling well, large positionMove the job execution such as well and underbalance well, reach the object of drilling well safely and fast and effective protection reservoir.
Background technology
Along with oil-gas exploration and development is constantly to Deep Development, the geological conditions that drillng operation faces and stratumPressure system is more complicated, and spray is leaked with layer, the narrow Density Window under complex stratum condition such as leaked under upper spraySafety drilling outstanding problem, down hole problem and accident are frequent, have become the exploitation of restriction Deep Oil And Gas ExplorationTechnical bottleneck. The effective technical way that solves narrow Density Window drilling problem under complex stratum condition isImplement meticulous controlled pressure drilling operation, therefore answer Real-Time Monitoring equivalent drilling fluid density, it is controlled at fairIn the scope of being permitted, to guarantee drilling safety.
In large displacement and Horizontal Well Drilling well operations, along with creeping into of high angle hole section, annular space damages along journeyConsumption constantly increases, and vertical depth increases slowly, and even do not increase or reduce (as hole angle >=90 ° well section),Thereby cause drilling fluid equivalent circulating density (ECD) progressively to increase, especially in the large gradient of slim-holeIn the long displacement well section drilling well later stage, the control of equivalent circulating density is particularly important, and can it be bore and reach safelyA key factor of design finishing drilling well depth.
For under-balance drilling operation, Real-Time Monitoring equivalent drilling fluid density, makes it lower than formation poreDensity also maintains in rational pressure differential range, can effectively protect reservoir, reduces and reduces drilling fluid pairThe injury of oil-gas Layer, improves the rate of oil and gas recovery, significant to oil-gas exploration and development. In addition,With boring Real-Time Monitoring equivalent drilling fluid density and variation thereof, also can contribute to understand in time well clean,The situations such as formation fluid intrusion and drilling fluid leakage, for instructing lower step drillng operation to offer help.
Summary of the invention
Given this, the object of the present invention is to provide that to relate to downhole drill Real-Time Monitoring drilling fluid equivalent closeThe technical scheme of degree, equivalent drilling fluid density and situation of change thereof in motion tracking drilling process, for narrowThe job executions such as Density Window drilling well, extended reach well and underbalance well provide construction to instruct, prevention down-holeComplex situations and accident, reach the object such as drillng operation and protection oil and gas reservoir safely and fast.
Specifically, the invention provides one with boring equal yield density measurement mechanism, comprise PWD(PressureWhileDrilling) parameter measurement instrument, MWD data communication instrument, its featureBe, on described PWD instrument, be equipped with respectively in drill string post and annular pressure sensor, for measuringDrilling fluid fluid pressure, monitoring start-stop pump situation and the number of delivering a letter of detection subsurface that drill string is inside and outside, PWDOn axial acceleration sensor is also housed, for measure drill string axially-movable situation and calculate drill string axialDisplacement, the application down-hole real-time tracking degree of depth is vertical dark with deviational survey data calculation pressure sensor positionDegree, and then try to achieve equivalent drilling fluid density, PWD is by the same MWD of upper and lower data connector(MeasurementWhileDrilling) communication connects, and MWD is for measurement while drilling orientation parameterWith upload underground survey parameter.
The present invention also provides a kind of and it is characterized in that with boring equal yield density measuring method, is included in down-holeIn memory, arrange and bored well track basic parameter, borehole depth checkpoint to be bored, layer depth differentlyDegree allows equal yield density scope, pressure sensor and orientation parameter sensing station, pressure and axially addsThe parameter steps such as velocity sensor sampling time; Under get into shaft bottom after drill string in pause motion state,Ground starts to creep into after down-hole transmission information, after initialization speed and axial displacement, utilizes accelerationSensor carries out drill string axially-movable distance (degree of depth) tracking step; The application down-hole real-time tracking degree of depthWith deviational survey data calculation pressure sensor position vertical depth, and then try to achieve equivalent drilling fluid density step,Wherein, if when equal yield density exceeds allowed band or departs from normal variation trend, timely by MWDUpload to ground system, and carry out early warning demonstration, otherwise that interval certain hour is uploaded equivalent drilling well is liquid-tightDegree; While (being conventionally made as and creeping into the degree of depth that makes up a joint), suspend drill string in the time that brill reaches desired depth checkpointDeviational survey is carried out in motion, and deviational survey uploads to after ground system confirmation, sends information and recover brill to down-holeEnter operation, continue drilling depth tracking and monitor until finish to creep into operation with boring equal yield density.
It is a kind of for measuring the measuring method of drill string axially-movable distance that the present invention also provides, and its feature existsIn, utilize axial acceleration sensor measurement axial acceleration, then carry out measuring axial accelerationFiltering, is superimposed on DC error signal and noise interferences wherein with filtering, tries to achieve while creeping into and hasThe drill string axially-movable acceleration of effect, can try to achieve axially-movable speed to integration of effective exercise accelerationDegree; Again the axially-movable speed calculating is carried out to filtering, be superimposed on DC error wherein with filteringSignal and noise interferences, try to achieve effective drill string axially-movable speed while creeping into, to effective exerciseIntegration of speed can be tried to achieve and be moved axially distance, realizes thus drill string and move axially the measurement of distance.
The present invention also provides a kind of down-hole to obtain the method for complete deviational survey data, it is characterized in that, passes throughDown-hole predetermined depth checkpoint, during to desired depth, suspends drill string motion deviational survey and uploads measurement result,Ground is lower photos and sending messages after confirming, thereby down-hole can obtain measurement point depth data.
The present invention also provides a kind of and it is characterized in that with boring equal yield density measuring method, comprises with boring darkDegree tracking step and equal yield density calculation procedure,
Obtain measurement point depth data, obtain displacement increment, gaging pressure sensor and well while creeping intoThe tiltedly spacing between sensor, according to obtained depth data accurately, described displacement increment and described inSpacing, tries to achieve annular pressure measurement point degree of depth L, further utilizes deviational survey data to calculate its correspondence verticalDepth H, according to the annular pressure P of measurement while drillingaAnd corresponding vertical depth H, calculate equivalent drilling fluidDensity pe
In formula, g is acceleration of gravity.
The present invention also provides a kind of and it is characterized in that with boring equal yield density method for uploading, comprise to obtainThe equal yield density of getting carries out analysis step and uploads step,
Utilize downhole stored ' Safe Density Windows tables of data, the equal yield density scope ρ that inquiry allowsmin～ρmax；
Judge the equivalent drilling fluid density ρ that calculate in pressure measurement point vertical depth H placeeWhether correspondingThe density range ρ that described tables of data allowsmin～ρmax；
If equivalent drilling fluid density ρmin≤ρe≤ρmax, interval certain hour is uploaded with boring and is worked asMetric density ρe, otherwise MWD uploads result immediately to ground system, and carries out early warning.
In the present invention, downhole tool basic configuration comprises: positive pulse generator, turbogenerator,Drive pipe nipple, battery sleeve pipe nipple, direction finder pipe nipple, lower data connector, upper data connector, electricityPond and circuit, axial motion transducer, data readback interface, annular pressure sensor, post internal pressureSensor.
In the present invention, on PWD (PressureWhileDrilling) instrument, be equipped with in post and annular spacePressure sensor, for measuring drilling fluid fluid pressure, monitoring start-stop pump situation and the inspection inside and outside drill stringSurvey the subsurface number of delivering a letter; Axial acceleration sensor is also housed on PWD, axially transports for measuring drill stringEmotionally condition and calculating drill string move axially distance; PWD is by the same MWD of upper and lower data connector(MeasurementWhileDrilling) communication connects; MWD is for measurement while drilling orientation parameterWith upload underground survey parameter.
In the present invention, before lower brill, in downhole memory arrange bored well track basic parameter,Borehole depth checkpoint to be bored, the Different Strata degree of depth allow equal yield density scope, pressure sensor and fixedTo parameter sensors position, the parameter such as pressure and axial acceleration sensor sample time; Under get into well, drill string is in pause motion state at the end, and ground starts to creep into after down-hole transmission information, initializes speedAfter degree and axial displacement, utilize acceleration sensor to carry out drill string axially-movable distance (degree of depth) and follow the tracks of;The application down-hole real-time tracking degree of depth and deviational survey data calculation pressure sensor position vertical depth, Jin ErqiuObtain equivalent drilling fluid density; If when equal yield density exceeds allowed band or departs from normal variation trend, logicalCross MWD and upload in time ground system, and carry out early warning demonstration, otherwise interval certain hour is uploadedEquivalent drilling fluid density; In the time that brill reaches desired depth checkpoint, (be conventionally made as and creep into the degree of depth that makes up a joint)Time, suspending drill string motion and carry out deviational survey, deviational survey uploads to after ground system confirmation, sends letter to down-holeCease and recover to creep into operation, continue drilling depth tracking and monitor until finish to bore with boring equal yield densityEnter operation.
The effect of invention
The technical scheme of measuring in real time according to downhole drill equal yield density proposed by the invention, in drilling wellMeasurement while drilling annular pressure in process, down-hole is from motion tracking drilling depth and well track, Real-Time MonitoringEquivalent drilling fluid density and variation thereof, and judge that whether equal yield density is in allowing within the scope of security window,Can grasp in time the situations such as down-hole pressure control, hole cleaning and formation fluid immersion, effectively instructDrilling technology personnel construct, prevention down hole problem and accident, thus safety is bored and is reached order smoothlyLayer, realize the expection such as reservoir protection drilling well target.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is annular pressure measuring system schematic diagram.
Fig. 2 is with boring equal yield density measuring method flow chart.
Detailed description of the invention
With reference to the accompanying drawings the present invention is made to detailed description.
Fig. 1 is annular pressure measuring system schematic diagram.
As shown in Figure 1, downhole tool is annular pressure measuring system, and basic configuration comprises: positive pulseGenerator 1, turbogenerator 2, drive pipe nipple 3, battery sleeve pipe nipple 4, direction finder pipe nipple 5, underData connector 6, upper data connector 7, battery and circuit 8, axial motion transducer 9, dataPlayback interface 10, annular pressure sensor 11, post pressure sensor 12 etc.
On PWD instrument, be equipped with in post and annular pressure sensor, for measuring the drilling fluid inside and outside drill stringFluid pressure, monitoring start-stop pump situation and the number of delivering a letter of detection subsurface; Axial acceleration is also housed on PWDDegree sensor, moves axially distance for measuring drill string axially-movable situation and calculating drill string; PWDConnect with MWD communication by upper and lower data connector; MWD for measurement while drilling orientation parameter andUpload underground survey parameter.
Before lower brill, in downhole memory, arrange and bored well track basic parameter, treat drilling well eyeDegree of depth checkpoint, the Different Strata degree of depth allow equal yield density scope, pressure sensor and orientation parameter to passThe parameters such as sensor position, pressure and axial acceleration sensor sample time; Under get into drill string behind shaft bottomIn pause motion state, ground starts to creep into after down-hole transmission information, initialization speed and axialAfter displacement, utilize acceleration sensor to carry out drill string axially-movable distance (degree of depth) and follow the tracks of; Application down-holeThe real-time tracking degree of depth and deviational survey data calculation pressure sensor position vertical depth, and then try to achieve equivalent and boreThe liquid-tight degree of well; If when equal yield density exceeds allowed band or departs from normal variation trend, pass through MWDUpload in time ground system, and carry out early warning demonstration, otherwise interval certain hour is uploaded equivalent drilling wellLiquid-tight degree; When (being conventionally made as and creeping into the degree of depth that makes up a joint) in the time that brill reaching desired depth checkpoint, suspendDeviational survey is carried out in drill string motion, and deviational survey uploads to after ground system confirmation, sends information and recover to down-holeBrill creeps into operation, continues drilling depth tracking and monitors until finish to creep into operation with boring equal yield density.
Fig. 2 is with boring equal yield density measuring method flow chart.
As shown in Figure 2, measuring method of the present invention and step are as follows:
One, PWD running parameter is set in downhole instrument, mainly comprises following data:
1. instrument time parameter: instrument start-up time delay, pressure and axial acceleration sampling time;
PWD start-up time delay is according to preparation time, running speed before lower brill and start to measure darkDegree is determined.
The force samples time is wanted according to PWD underground work time, memory size and to monitoring pressureAsk and consider. Conventionally the sampling interval is 1～60 second/point. In order to monitor rapid pressure fluctuation situation,Typical case's sampling interval is 1 second/point.
The axial acceleration sampling time is 0.001～0.1 second/point.
2. sensing station: ring compression sensor and orientation parameter sensor are apart from bit location;
3. Different Strata (vertical depth) ' Safe Density Windows: initial depth, stop the degree of depth, minimum density,Maximal density;
4. drilling well eye deviational survey tables of data: depth measurement L, hole angle α, azimuth φ;
5. borehole depth checkpoint table to be bored: well depth
Two, instrument arrives the drilling tool of staying off the feet after desired depth, and MWD measures orientation parameter and also uploadsTo ground system;
Conventionally when the drilling tool that complete brill drilling depth made up a joint is sat card, the corresponding degree of depth of deviation sensor is made as directional surveyPoint, both saved time like this, guaranteed again to obtain measurement result more accurately. Connect single after, turn on pumpCirculating fluid, measurement data is uploaded to ground system by MWD.
Three, ground receives after the hole angle and azimuth of measurement, confirms backward down-hole transmitted signal,Start to creep into operation;
Ground successfully receives after uploading data, sends confirmation signal to down-hole, starts to creep into operation.
Four, downhole stored deviational survey result (depth measurement, hole angle, azimuth), initialization speed and axleTo displacement increment;
Down-hole receives after confirmation signal, storage hole deviation measurement result data, and initialize drilling tool and axially moveMoving speed and axial displacement increment.
Five, carry out filtering to measuring axial acceleration, obtain drill string axially-movable acceleration ax；
Carry out filtering to measuring axial acceleration, filtering is superimposed on DC error signal and noise whereinInterfering signal, tries to achieve effective drill string axially-movable acceleration a while creeping intox。
Six, to effective exercise acceleration axOnce can ask axially-movable speed and drill string to move with quadratic integralMoving distance;
Can try to achieve axially-movable speed to integration of effective exercise acceleration.
Again the axially-movable speed calculating is carried out to filtering, be superimposed on DC error wherein with filteringSignal and noise interferences, try to achieve effective drill string axially-movable speed while creeping into, to effective exerciseIntegration of speed can be tried to achieve and be moved axially distance.
Therefore utilize acceleration of motion axOnce can ask axially-movable speed and relative drill string with quadratic integralThe displacement Δ L of rest point.
ΔL＝∫∫ax
Seven, obtain annular pressure measurement point degree of depth L according to drill string displacement, and according to downhole storedDeviational survey tables of data is calculated its vertical depth H;
The accurate degree of depth that obtains when suspending drilling tool deviational survey, obtain the position while creeping into by axial accelerationMove the spacing between increment and pressure sensor and deviation sensor, can ask annular pressure measurement point degree of depth L,Further utilize deviational survey data to calculate its corresponding vertical depth H.
Taking minimum-curvature method as example, the vertical depth increment Delta H computing formula between 2 directional survey points is:
ΔH＝LT(cosαi-1+cosαi)
γ＝arccos[cosαi-1cosαi+sinαi-1sinαicos(φi-φi-1)]
In formula L, α, φ be respectively depth measurement/m, hole angle/° and azimuth/°; γ is two measuring pointsBetween dogleg angle/°; LT is two tangent section length/m of circular arc.
In the time being steady tilted section between two measuring points, Δ H=(Li-Li-1)cosαi。
By each surveys of accumulative total section vertical depth increment, and it is dark to utilize Interpolation Principle can try to achieve annular pressure measurement pointThe corresponding vertical depth H of degree L.
Eight, according to the annular pressure P of measurement while drillingaAnd the drilling well of corresponding vertical depth H calculating equivalent is liquid-tightDegree ρe
In formula, g is acceleration of gravity.
Nine, according to downhole stored ' Safe Density Windows tables of data, the density range ρ that inquiry allowsmin～ρmax；
According to downhole stored ' Safe Density Windows tables of data, inquiry pressure measurement point vertical depth H correspondenceAllow density range ρmin～ρmax。
If ten equivalent drilling fluid density ρmin≤ρe≤ρmax, interval certain hour upload withBore equal yield density ρe, otherwise MWD uploads result immediately to ground system, and carries out early warning;
If calculate equivalent drilling fluid density ρeWithin the scope of Safe Density, i.e. ρmin≤ρe≤ρmax，Interval certain hour is uploaded with boring equal yield density ρe; Otherwise carry out early warning, MWD uploads knot immediatelyFruit, to ground system, is offered help for drillng operation workmen analyzes in time and takes measures, and thenPrevent that down hole problem and accident from occurring.
11, continue to creep into operation, to above-mentioned steps two.
At down-hole pressure under normal circumstances, continue to creep into operation, return to step 2 and carry out with boring equivalent closeDegree Real-Time Monitoring, instructs engineering to carry out drillng operation as technical staff.
To sum up, the present invention proposes one and measure solution with boring equivalent drilling fluid density, survey with boringAmount annular pressure, down-hole is from motion tracking drilling depth and well track, and Real-Time Monitoring drilling fluid equivalent is closeDegree and changing, and judge that whether equal yield density within the scope of security window, can grasp in time in allowingThe situations such as down-hole pressure control, hole cleaning and formation fluid immersion, instruct drilling technology people effectivelyMember constructs, prevention down hole problem and accident, thus smooth the boring of safety reaches target zone, realizesThe expection such as reservoir protection drilling well target.
With embodiment, the present invention is described in detail with reference to accompanying drawing although above,, theyBe only exemplary, those skilled in the art can instruct according to the present invention completely and it is made respectivelyReplacement or the change of the form of kind, do not departing under the prerequisite of aim of the present invention and spirit, every to thisThe various changes that invention is made and modification are all considered as the content that the present invention is contained, and all fall into appended rightWithin the scope requiring.
Claims (1)
1. with boring an equal yield density measuring method, it is characterized in that, be included in and in downhole memory, arrange that to have bored well track basicParameter, borehole depth checkpoint to be bored, the Different Strata degree of depth allow equal yield density scope, pressure sensor and orientation parameterSensing station, pressure and axial acceleration sensor sample time parameter step; Under get into behind shaft bottom drill string in suspendingMotion state, ground starts to creep into after down-hole transmission information, after initialization speed and axial displacement, utilizes acceleration to passSensor carries out drill string axially-movable apart from tracking step; The application down-hole real-time tracking degree of depth and deviational survey data calculating pressure sensingDevice position vertical depth, and then try to achieve equivalent drilling fluid density step, wherein, if equal yield density exceeds allowed band or inclined to one sideDuring from normal variation trend, upload in time ground system by MWD, and carry out early warning demonstration, otherwise interval is certainTime is uploaded equivalent drilling fluid density; In the time that brill reaches desired depth checkpoint, suspend drill string motion and carry out deviational survey, on deviational surveyAfter passing to ground system and confirming, send information to down-hole and recover to creep into operation, continuing that drilling depth is followed the tracks of and with boring equivalentMeasuring density is until finish to creep into operation.
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| CN201410233859.7A CN103982174B (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2014-05-29 | With boring equal yield density measuring method and device |
| CN201610217226.6A CN105626041A (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2016-04-08 | Method and device for measuring equivalent density while drilling |
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| CN201410233859.7A CN103982174B (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2014-05-29 | With boring equal yield density measuring method and device |
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| CN201610217226.6A Division CN105626041A (en) | 2014-05-29 | 2016-04-08 | Method and device for measuring equivalent density while drilling |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN105626041A (en) * | 2014-05-29 | 2016-06-01 | 中国石油集团钻井工程技术研究院 | Method and device for measuring equivalent density while drilling |
| CN105952400B (en) * | 2016-04-26 | 2018-07-06 | 西南石油大学 | A kind of annular space wellbore cleans method of real-time |
| CN110230479A (en) * | 2019-06-12 | 2019-09-13 | 中国海洋石油集团有限公司 | A kind of clean control method of high angle hole oil base drilling fluid wellbore |
| CN110593856B (en) * | 2019-10-21 | 2022-09-06 | 中国石油集团川庆钻探工程有限公司 | Method for measuring density window of well cementation safety operation |
| CN111322060A (en) * | 2020-03-12 | 2020-06-23 | 中煤科工集团西安研究院有限公司 | Underground coal mine drilling depth metering method |
| CN113818496B (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2023-03-31 | 华电金沙江上游水电开发有限公司拉哇分公司 | Method for evaluating compactness of vibroflotation gravel pile based on digital drilling |
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| US7044239B2 (en) * | 2003-04-25 | 2006-05-16 | Noble Corporation | System and method for automatic drilling to maintain equivalent circulating density at a preferred value |
| US20050284659A1 (en) * | 2004-06-28 | 2005-12-29 | Hall David R | Closed-loop drilling system using a high-speed communications network |
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| CN102094632A (en) * | 2009-12-14 | 2011-06-15 | 西安威尔罗根能源科技有限公司 | Mud pressure and density logging instrument |
| CN202850970U (en) * | 2012-08-29 | 2013-04-03 | 中国海洋石油总公司 | Automatic control system of downhole annular pressure for deepwater surface layer well drilling |
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Effective date of registration: 20201029 Address after: 100120 Liupu Kang, Changping District, Beijing Patentee after: CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp. Patentee after: CNPC ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY R & D Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100083 Xueyuan Road No. 20 drilling Institute control center, Haidian District, Beijing Patentee before: DRILLING RESEARCH INSTITUTE OF CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Co. |
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Effective date of registration: 20230309 Address after: 100120 Liupukang, Changping District, Beijing Patentee after: CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp. Patentee after: CNPC ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY R & D Co.,Ltd. Patentee after: BEIJING PETROLEUM MACHINERY Co.,Ltd. Address before: 100120 Liupukang, Changping District, Beijing Patentee before: CHINA NATIONAL PETROLEUM Corp. Patentee before: CNPC ENGINEERING TECHNOLOGY R & D Co.,Ltd. |
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