CN103981445A - Process for producing H13 hot work die steel - Google Patents
Process for producing H13 hot work die steel Download PDFInfo
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- CN103981445A CN103981445A CN201410224856.7A CN201410224856A CN103981445A CN 103981445 A CN103981445 A CN 103981445A CN 201410224856 A CN201410224856 A CN 201410224856A CN 103981445 A CN103981445 A CN 103981445A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a process for producing H13 hot work die steel, aiming to solve the problem that the present H13 hot work die steel universally has problems of 'good heat resistance and poor toughness or good toughness and poor heat resistance'. The chemical components of the 4Cr5MoSiV1(H13) hot work die steel are reasonably designed and adjusted to control the content of alloy elements such as Cr, Mo, V and Si and exert the interaction of the alloy elements, so that grains are thinned and distributed uniformly; meanwhile, by optimizing an electroslag remelting technology, a forging technology and a thermal treatment technology, the purity and compactness of the steel are improved, segregation is reduced, the mechanical property and isotropy of the steel are further improved, the heat uniformity of a forged part is ensured, a carbide ball structure with stable size and uniform distribution is obtained, and therefore the mechanical property and service life of a product are improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical technology field, is a kind of H13 hot-work die steel production technique specifically.
Background technology
4Cr5MoSiV1 (H13) hot-work die steel is that China is according to the steel grade of U.S. H13 hot-work die steel production standard research and development, domestic product is all lower than hot strength and thermal fatigue property with steel grade product with import, the current problem of home products ubiquity " the good and poor toughness of heat resistance; good toughness heat resistance is poor again ", in native land, this product often be take import as main.Produce at present H13 hot-work die steel only by the control of alloying constituent, by traditional esr, produce, there is the defects such as purity is low, not fine and close, component segregation, inclusion is many, crystal grain is thick in product, the poor performance that causes product, the die life of making is low, and the failure phenomenons such as early stage cracking in use can occur mould.
Summary of the invention
In order to overcome the defect of above-mentioned prior art, technical problem to be solved by this invention is to provide and a kind ofly can effectively improves the mechanical property of product and the H13 hot-work die steel production technique in work-ing life.
In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical solution used in the present invention is:
A H13 hot-work die steel production technique, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, according to following chemical composition, require prepare burden and smelt:
C：0.38～0.44wt％；Si：0.90～1.20wt％；Mn：0.35～0.50wt％；P：≤0.020wt％；S：≤0.020wt％；Cr：4.95～5.45wt％；Mo：1.35～1.60wt％；V：0.90～1.20wt％；
Step 2, by the molten steel of having smelted directly the two real ingots of cast as esr electrode;
Step 3, employing binary slag type Al
2o
3-CaF
2carry out esr, wherein, Al
2o
3content be greater than or equal 98wt%, CaF
2content be greater than or equal 97wt%, slag charge is baked to dry before esr through 400～700 ℃, the part by weight of slag charge is Al
2o
3: CaF
2=3: 7, esr temperature is 1450～1470 ℃, and the leaving water temperature(LWT) of upper crystallizer is controlled at 45～65 ℃, and the intake pressure of upper and lower crystallizer is greater than 0.15MPa, and melting speed control is at 450～500kg/h;
Step 4, by the ESR ingot obtaining after esr carry out successively that mould is cold, slow cooling and annealing;
Step 5, according to the dimensional requirement of finished product after forging, select ingot shape, determine forging ratio, guarantee that forging ratio is greater than 3, by blank heating to 1100～1200 ℃, after insulation makes its internal and external temperature consistent, the forging of coming out of the stove, forging method, then forges with weight with beating gently, soon four sides for first, and upper iron amount is wanted evenly, enter iron amount be controlled at lower anvil wide 1/2～1/3, final forging temperature >=850 ℃;
Step 6, finished product after forging put into annealing furnace with stove, be warming up to 840～860 ℃, after insulation 12～15h with stove cooling down.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is: adopt above-mentioned H13 hot-work die steel production technique, can effectively improve purity, the density of product, reduce segregation, thereby wait tropism, impelling strength, the thermal fatigue resistance that improve product improve the mechanical property of product, and obtain the work-ing life of improving mould, the effect of saving energy and reduce the cost, raising labour productivity.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Figure 1 shows that the ingot annealing curve of the embodiment of the present invention.
Embodiment
By describing technology contents of the present invention, structural attitude in detail, being realized object and effect, below in conjunction with embodiment and coordinate accompanying drawing to be explained in detail.
The design of most critical of the present invention is: by the appropriate design to 4Cr5MoSiV1 (H13) hot-work die steel Chemical Composition, adjust, control Cr, Mo, V, the content of the alloying elements such as Si, give full play to its interaction, make grain refining, be evenly distributed, simultaneously by optimizing electroslag remelting process, forging process and thermal treatment process, improve the purity of steel, density, reduce segregation, further improve mechanical property and the isotropy of steel, guarantee forging thermal uniformity, and acquisition dimensional stabilizing, the carbide ball fabric texture being evenly distributed, thereby improve mechanical property and the work-ing life of product.
Embodiment
1, batching, smelting
According to following chemical composition, require to prepare burden and electrosmelting:
C：0.38～0.44wt％；Si：0.90～1.20wt％；Mn：0.35～0.50wt％；P：≤0.020wt％；S：≤0.020wt％；Cr：4.95～5.45wt％；Mo：1.35～1.60wt％；V：0.90～1.20wt％。
Concrete, electric furnace smelting process rules are as follows:
1.1, before charging, check body of heater erosion condition, while needing fettling, available 0-1# magnesia adds appropriate bath of glass and is in harmonious proportion evenly, urgent floating during fettling.
1.2, in order to keep making steel the clean dry of material, the waste materials such as steel cuttings, alloy, lime, fluorite, the slag making such as Fe-Si powder, deoxidation material is used front necessary baking dry, otherwise must not use.
1.3, furnace bottom adds the lime that 1% material is heavy, then baked large small powder is evenly added in stove, and furnace charge starts power transmission fusing while adding body of heater 1/3 left and right.All useless modules containing aluminium must not add in stove, remake waste material and use after aluminium is removed totally.
When 1.4, fusing starts, send little electric current 6～8 minutes, after current stabilization, send peak power electric current to carry out material.
When 1.5, molten steel is to body of heater 2/3, with iron, stir, confirm the clear rear power failure thermometric of steel materialization, in the time of temperature >1540 ℃, get and equally do spectrochemical analysis.
1.6, take power transmission continuation charging fusing after sample in stove, after sample result is returned in stove, according to finished product composition, require to calculate and add alloy.
1.7, after blow off oxygen, remove in time whole oxidation sludges, then on molten steel face, cover lime and fluorite is made reducing slag.All oxygen blast, skim, sampling operation must carry out under power down mode.
1.8, full stove molten steelization complete after, carry out fine melt diffusive deoxidation, add Fe-Si powder 0.5kg/t or aluminium powder appropriate, after 5 minutes, stir thermometric, in the time of liquid steel temperature >1580 ℃, have a power failure and take off whole slags, oxidation sludge must remove totally, adds new slag charge and makes reducing slag, and the quantity of slag is moderate, and on the top of the slag, add appropriate reductor and carry out deoxidation, power transmission insulation, need skim twice as single steel-making, carries out pre-deoxidation after changing for the first time slag.
1.9, killing number of times must not be less than four times, after adding for the first time, slag hitting in >5 minute is stirred, if slag viscosity is large during stirring, can add appropriate fluorite and make thin slag, after forming, fully stirs again thin slag, at this moment can be according to the number of alloy addition or the time of alloy, after confirming that alloying is good, can have a power failure and get two samples in stove and carry out total analysis, at interval of 3～5 minutes, add diffusion deoxidizer, totally 3～4 batches subsequently, every batch of reductor must not be less than 0.5～0.8kg/t, white slag hold-time >15 minute.Chemical composition is by the middle limit adjustment of finished product composition requirement, and C and Cr must be by controlling with low with high in finished product composition claimed range.
1.10, must measure liquid steel temperature before tapping, be to guarantee Argon effect, tapping temperature should be controlled at 1650 ℃～1670 ℃, before tapping, the first good 0.3～0.5kg/t aluminium block (grain) of pound is added in bag, so that final deoxygenation.During tapping, must keep white slag state, molten steel turns over to bag and can open argon gas at 1/3 o'clock and carry out Argon, Argon pressure is not too much, with molten steel little turning in slag blanket, after Argon 1-2 minute, thermometric in wrapping, the temperature control of blow off argon is at 1560 ℃～1580 ℃, after blow off argon, in bag, get finished product sample, and rapidly carbonization rice husk is lost in bag and slag hitting is taken off flat.If meet argon gas device fails can not Argon time, can calm 3～5 minutes, ladle winches to pouring platform to bag cast.
1.11, after in stove, two samples are returned, various compositions meet the requirements and can improve electric current intensification, but will prevent that later stage intensification is too fast, append alloy as also needed, and must after alloying is good, carry electric current again and heat up.
1.12, when tapping accomplishes first to slag tap and tap afterwards or slag mixes out, so that inclusion mutually collides floating and further takes off S.
2, cast
The molten steel of having smelted is directly poured into a mould to two real ingots as esr electrode.
Concrete, these process rules are as follows:
2.1, the preparation of mould
2.1.1, cold ingot mold, cold base plate must preheating >100 ℃ before using, as being long placed in, with the mould getting rusty, must not clean with water, at the bottom of mould, brick is tightly beaten flat with woven asbesto or disregard message paper bag.
2.1.2, base plate and middle column jecket must be by brick hole before the system of building in and the burr of male-female port, overlap is cleaned out, various refractory materialss must enter kilning before using roasting.
2.1.3, the block system of base plate and middle column jecket must meet " choosing, flat, just, straight, even, tight, clean " seven word requirements, prevent base plate badly bleeding.
2.1.4, after base plate, cast gate build and made, must purge with strong wind, until the slag sand blast in middle column jecket and runner brick is swept totally, then put modulo operation.
2.1.5, after ingot mold sets, more once purge thoroughly exhausting, then heat-insulating shield cap mouth is installed, with smash mould rod by mould at the bottom of brick ramming flush.
2.1.6, heat-insulating shield cap mouth must toast dry, after cap mouth installs, with yellow ground or fire sand add bath of glass be in harmonious proportion by surrounding stick with paste even, stick with paste tight and press foundary weight, prevent molten steel boiling in cap mouth badly bleeding or cap mouth.
2.1.7, mould preparation work loses the strawboard cutting out on request in mould, to build the eye that rises after completing, and baked covering slag is added in mould in right amount, add-on sees the following form 1.
The add-on unit of table 1, covering slag: kg
| Ingot shape | 200-300 | 420-630 | 830-1000 | 1500-2000 | 3000 | 1200 |
| Add-on | 1 | 1.5 | 2 | 3.5 | 5 | 2.5 |
2.2, the preparation of ladle
2.2.1, newly after ladle puzzles, first air-dry several days, then toast one day with firewood, then big fire baking on coal stove, till not emitting aqueous vapor, can carry out ladle-to-ladle 1～2 time if be badly in need of use with ladle, but newly wrap front two stoves, must not pour into a mould single steel-making ingot.
2.2.2, old bag needs to carry out preheating before using, went out the same day to winch to coal stove after last one heat steel and be incubated.
2.2.3, gone out the ladle of steel, bits are turned over totally in time, then with oxygen, the residual steel of the mouth of a river and gas permeable brick is purged totally, need the mouth of a river and the slide plate changed to change while hot in time, debug lower skateboard, first-class lock pin.
2.2.4, tap first 20 minutes, standby ladle is winched to stokehold and thoroughly clears up the residual steel residue in bag, then with strong wind, purge the slag sand in bag.
2.2.5, first-class bag frame fork guard is closed lower skateboard, checked that whether slide plate lock pin is first-class before tapping, then with filling tube, stuffing sand is carefully filled into filling pipe end, winches to stokehold ladle pit and wait to tap.
2.3, tapping and cast
2.3.1, commander's overhead traveling crane makes ladle fall or advance and retreat with turning over stove molten steel direction.
2.3.2, be ready to drainage oxygen pipe, so that drainage.
2.3.3, when bag aimed at center, the mouth of a river to the outer of funnel, between the mouth of a river and 150～200m/m of funnel elevation of water, the sharp cap sleeve of the strawboard of well in advance, on funnel, is taken off sharp cap rapidly after discharging stuffing sand.
2.3.4, when cast; open bag unsuitable too quickly; during with covering slag protection cast; molten steel depanning low speed degree is unsuitable too small; but must not occur splash or turn over greatly phenomenon, the note speed of whole ingot body should be suitable steadily to rise to, and generally takes the pouring procedure of " high temperature is noted slowly; cryogenic fast injection " according to steel grade, ingot shape and note temperature, the note speed of ingot body and cap mouth sees table 2 and following table 3.
Table 2, cap mouth are noted fast list position: second
| Ingot shape | 200-300 | 420-630 | 830-1000 | 1500-2000 | 3000 | 1200 |
| Speed | 50-90 | 60-110 | 80-140 | 100-180 | 160-250 | 90-150 |
Table 3, ingot body are noted fast list position: second
2.3.5, cap mouth notes fast control, slow down to want evenly, can not be suddenly big or suddenly small, during covering slag cast, upper cap mouth 1/2 slows down 50%, gradually reduces to 30～40% later, the loose flower of the molten steel of take is principle.
2.3.6, by a cap mouth, add suitable carbonization rice husk and take off and calm down lid evenly during cap mouth 1/2 on molten steel, to guarantee that cap mouth molten steel steadily evenly shrinks.
2.4, the slow cooling of steel ingot and annealing
2.4.1, red steel to point just can claw, concrete regulation sees the following form 4.
Table 4, red steel remove time unit: minute
| Ingot shape | 200-300 | 420-630 | 830-1000 | 1500-2000 | 3000 | 1200 |
| Time | ≥30 | ≥50 | ≥60 | ≥100 | ≥120 | ≥80 |
2.4.2, cheat cold steel and when time is up must be in time enter hole, red steel enters before hole, must be dry in hole, hole temperature >=80 ℃, otherwise want preheating more than two hours, if the hole of using continuously, steel ingot plays the 8 hours above persons in hole, bake after cheating preheating and just be permitted to pack into the red steel of lower stove.
2.4.3, the steel in many stoves one hole, must carry out mark by stove, by mark, with oily seven, on ingot body or the head of ingot, write heat (batch) number, steel grade exactly after playing hole.Under red steel, behind complete hole, rapidly hole is covered tightly and can not leave gap, in order to avoid split steel.
2.4.4, the cold steel in all holes when time is up, little ingot can all be opened hole lid, then within two hours, goes out above hole through cheating interior slow cooling.Large ingot is only removed hole and cover 500m/m left and right, then within 4～5 hours, goes out to cheat above through cheating interior slow cooling, but ingot temperature will be below 300 ℃ while going out to cheat.The steel ingot of≤1t is little ingot, and steel ingot more than >1t is large ingot, and little ingot is cheated cold 24 hours, and large ingot is cheated cold 32 hours, just can take off and cover slow cooling.
2.4.5, electroslag masterbatch do not need insulation, after condensation, can remove the demoulding, but should take off the place in dry free from dampness.
2.4.6, steel ingot plays the annealing of shove charge in time behind hole, general provision must not be over 24 hours.
2.4.7, conscientiously check annealing furnace equipment operation condition before steel ingot shove charge, confirm when no problem, could shove charge.
2.4.8, steel ingot shove charge will be by heat (batch) number, cold steel can be write heat (batch) number with it clearly at ingot with high temperature chalk, simultaneously on recording paper by layer, carry out mark in order.
2.4.9, dress code steel ingot should determine a dress code number of plies according to fire door height, multilayer person's concentric reducer is staggered, big or small steel ingot, with furnace annealing person, is contained in stove middle part by larger ingot.
2.4.10, feeding temperature-raising, heat-up rate is preferably controlled at >60<100 degree/h, annealing curve as shown in Figure 1.
2.4.11, steel ingot will have while coming out of the stove that special messenger is responsible in order, heat (batch) number unloads stove pile, paint simultaneously and again identify heat (batch) number, steel grade.
2.5, the reconditioning of steel ingot and finishing
2.5.1, ingot annealing wants cooling certain hour could process finishing after coming out of the stove, 20 hours summers of 2-3t ingot, 16 hours summers of <2t>1t ingot, 16 hours winters, 12 hours winters, 14 hours summers of the following ingot of 1t, 10 hours winters.
2.5.2, the dark, wide, long of scalping be 1:6:10, there is certain gradient at its edge.
2.5.3, emery wheel is when putting down and grinding, and forbids that manganese power presses, in case crush emery wheel, during grinding, not old mill a bit, should grind back and forth in fault location left and right, in case local temperature raises, does not crack.
2.5.4, the regulation of ingot surface defect cleaning:
2.5.4.1, all have a crackle person in length and breadth, thoroughly cleaning.
2.5.4.2, the sticky iron of bad die wall of the high erosion of note temperature will be removed.
2.5.4.3, all steel for forging one-heating forming, the depth of defect >=4m/m such as the scabbing of its surface, slag inclusion, bubble, air marks, the following ingot >=3m/m person of 2t will remove, no matter burning into sand, the pipe degree of depth how, are all wanted full scale clearance.
2.5.4.4, steel ingot from the end face of afterbody upwards, 3t ingot 100m/m, the following ingot 50m/m of 2t, the following ingot 30m/m of 1t can not clear up with interior surface imperfection.
2.5.4.5, all thoroughly cleanings of steel ingot that has subsurface bubble.
3, esr
Adopt binary slag type Al
2o
3-CaF
2carry out esr, wherein, Al
2o
3content be greater than or equal 98wt%, CaF
2content be greater than or equal 97wt%, slag charge is baked to dry before esr through 400～700 ℃, the part by weight of slag charge is Al
2o
3: CaF
2=3: 7, esr temperature is 1450～1470 ℃, and the leaving water temperature(LWT) of upper crystallizer is controlled at 45～65 ℃, and the intake pressure of upper and lower crystallizer is greater than 0.15MPa, and melting speed control is at 450～500kg/h.
In this step, strictly control molten speed, strictly by processing requirement, control melting current, voltage, strictly control speed of cooling (Inlet and outlet water temperature control), control transverse crystallizing speed, to guarantee longitudinal crystallization, reduce shrinkage cavity, eliminate center porosity.
Further, the mode that adopts computer controlled automatic to combine with manual intervention is controlled esr process.Traditional electroslag remelting process, very strict to the requirement of electroslag mother metal, its molten speed cannot be carried out in good time adjustment according to the situation of electroslag mother metal, causes in the situation that mother metal exists defect, in esr process, cannot be eliminated completely.The present invention is by the control mode that adopts computer controlled automatic to combine with manual intervention to esr, when electroslag mother metal exists gas hole defect, can adjust molten speed makes product finer and close in good time, when electroslag mother metal exists inclusion defects, can adjust in good time molten speed make inclusion be effectively adsorbed on a blob of slag in and be eliminated, thereby improve the purity of product.
Further, the addition sequence of described slag charge is for first adding part CaF
2form after slag bath again by Al
2o
3and CaF
2mix slowly and add, the joining day is 5～10 minutes.
4, slow cooling, annealing
By the ESR ingot obtaining after esr carry out successively that mould is cold, slow cooling and annealing.Mould cool time is 35～60 minutes, described slow cooling mode is sand cooling, ESR ingot is 1t≤6 minute from the demoulding to entering the sand pit time, above person≤9 minute of 1.5t, the sand pit degree of depth is greater than the diameter of ESR ingot, the height of ESR ingot surface cover sand is greater than 200mm, and the slow cooling time is 60～96 hours, and annealing curve as shown in Figure 1.
5, forge
Dimensional requirement according to finished product after forging is selected ingot shape, determine forging ratio, guarantee that forging ratio is greater than 3, by blank heating to 1100～1200 ℃, after insulation makes its internal and external temperature consistent, the forging of coming out of the stove, forging method, then forges with weight with beating gently, soon four sides for first, and upper iron amount is wanted evenly, enter iron amount be controlled at lower anvil wide 1/2～1/3, final forging temperature >=850 ℃.
In this step, steel ingot, through forging the carbide fully smashing in steel, makes its grain refining, to improve its homogeneity and density, thereby obtains good high-temperature behavior and toughness.This step is used advanced quick forging machine to become a useful person, and adopts " the second light industry bureau one weight, two is even " six sides forging technique, makes forging distortion evenly.
6, thermal treatment
Finished product after forging is put into annealing furnace and with stove, is warming up to 840～860 ℃, after insulation 12～15h with stove cooling down.
In order to improve the tropism that waits of 4Cr5MoSiV1 (H13) hot-work die steel, must obtain uniform chemical composition and organize uniformly by thermal treatment, change sheet perlite and cementite network into globular pearlite and equally distributed tiny carbide, be convenient to machining, improve mechanical tenacity.
Detect and analyze:
The product that above-described embodiment is made detects according to following detection method:
A, examination criteria:
GB/T1299-2000, international standard, company standard or other technologies agreement
B, test item:
Chemical composition, tolerance of dimension, mechanical property, visual appearance, metallographic, UT (Ultrasonic Testing)
C, detection method:
(1) chemical composition: sampling send laboratory to carry out spectroscopic analysis or chemical composition Manual analysis.
(2) tolerance of dimension: adopt tape measure, vernier caliper measurement diameter (width), length etc.
(3) mechanical property: sampling send laboratory to carry out room temperature hardness test according to GB/T231.1.
(4) visual appearance: detect by the method for Steel Ruler, vernier callipers or range estimation.
(5) metallographic: check metallographic high power, low power project.
(6) flaw detection: adopt ultrasonic wave contact process normal beam testing.
D, sample position and quantity:
| Interventions Requested | Sample position | Quantity of sampling quantity |
| Chemical composition | GB/T222 | Every 1 |
| Tolerance of dimension | Material head, in, tail | 2～3 |
| Mechanical property | Any part | 2 |
| Visual appearance | Whole | By root |
| Metallographic | Any part | 2 |
| Flaw detection | Whole | By root |
Detected result:
1, the chemical composition comparison of 4Cr5MoSiV1 (H13) hot-work die steel
2, stagnation point
| Ac1 | Ac3 | Ar1 | Ar3 | Ms | Mf |
| 860℃ | 915℃ | 775℃ | 815℃ | 34℃ | 215℃ |
3, quench tempering property (at present national standard except hardness and, other mechanical propertys are not required, in table, numerical value is reference value)
4, the macrostructure of 4Cr5MoSiV1 (H13) hot-work die steel
5,4Cr5MoSiV1 (H13) hot-work die steel non-metallic inclusion
| Comparison object | (A) of sulfuration | Aluminum oxide (B) | Silicate (C) | Spherical oxide D | The spherical DS of single particle |
| China's currently available products | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.5 | 1.5 | 1.5 |
| Foreign products | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 | 1.0 |
| The embodiment of the present invention | 0.5 | ≤1.0 | ≤1.0 | ≤1.0 | ≤1.0 |
From above-mentioned detected result, the H13 hot-work die product quality level that the embodiment of the present invention makes is suitable with import like product, alternative import.Production unit cost per ton is low 2000 dollars compared with import like product.By annual 8000 tons of 4Cr5MoSiV1 (H13) of production hot-work die base steel, calculate, except can be country, save the objective foreign exchange of quantity, can obtain 5,200 ten thousand yuan of gross profits (by obtaining 6500 yuan/ton of gross profits), also be cost-saving 1,600 ten thousand dollars of mould demand producer, there is obvious economic benefit and social benefit.For the high-quality H13 hot-work die steel of producing by esr purification steel, owing to having solved the problem of current domestic hot-work die steel " the good and poor toughness of heat resistance; good toughness heat resistance is poor ", greatly improve the work-ing life of mould, and this has more considerable economic and social benefits and wide market outlook.There is obvious economic benefit and social benefit.
In addition, the FeO of the oxide film internal layer of the product that the embodiment of the present invention makes is more firm, its oxide film stability is high, has solved the front necessary preheating of mould use that other steels are done, and must make mould internal and external temperature uniformity, otherwise, in use can there is the failure phenomenons such as early stage cracking in mould, to greatly improving the work-ing life of mould, saving man-hour, improved labour productivity, its lighter proportion has increased again the utilization ratio of material simultaneously, has improved economic benefit.
In sum, H13 hot-work die steel production technique provided by the invention, can effectively improve purity, the density of product, reduce segregation, thereby wait tropism, impelling strength, the thermal fatigue resistance that improve product improve the mechanical property of product, and obtain the work-ing life of improving mould, the effect of saving energy and reduce the cost, raising labour productivity.
The foregoing is only embodiments of the invention; not thereby limit the scope of the claims of the present invention; every equivalent structure or conversion of equivalent flow process that utilizes specification sheets of the present invention and accompanying drawing content to do; or be directly or indirectly used in other relevant technical fields, be all in like manner included in scope of patent protection of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1.H13 hot-work die steel production technique, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
Step 1, according to following chemical composition, require prepare burden and smelt:
C：0.38～0.44wt％；Si：0.90～1.20wt％；Mn：0.35～0.50wt％；P：≤0.020wt％；S：≤0.020wt％；Cr：4.95～5.45wt％；Mo：1.35～1.60wt％；V：0.90～1.20wt％；
Step 2, by the molten steel of having smelted directly the two real ingots of cast as esr electrode;
Step 3, employing binary slag type Al
2o
3-CaF
2carry out esr, wherein, Al
2o
3content be greater than or equal 98wt%, CaF
2content be greater than or equal 97wt%, slag charge is baked to dry before esr through 400～700 ℃, the part by weight of slag charge is Al
2o
3: CaF
2=3: 7, esr temperature is 1450～1470 ℃, and the leaving water temperature(LWT) of upper crystallizer is controlled at 45～65 ℃, and the intake pressure of upper and lower crystallizer is greater than 0.15MPa, and melting speed control is at 450～500kg/h;
Step 4, by the ESR ingot obtaining after esr carry out successively that mould is cold, slow cooling and annealing;
Step 5, according to the dimensional requirement of finished product after forging, select ingot shape, determine forging ratio, guarantee that forging ratio is greater than 3, by blank heating to 1100～1200 ℃, after insulation makes its internal and external temperature consistent, the forging of coming out of the stove, forging method, then forges with weight with beating gently, soon four sides for first, and upper iron amount is wanted evenly, enter iron amount be controlled at lower anvil wide 1/2～1/3, final forging temperature >=850 ℃;
Step 6, finished product after forging put into annealing furnace with stove, be warming up to 840～860 ℃, after insulation 12～15h with stove cooling down.
2. H13 hot-work die steel production technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 3, the mode that adopts computer controlled automatic to combine with manual intervention is controlled esr process.
3. H13 hot-work die steel production technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 3, the addition sequence of described slag charge is for first adding part CaF
2form after slag bath again by Al
2o
3and CaF
2mix slowly and add, the joining day is 5～10 minutes.
4. H13 hot-work die steel production technique according to claim 1, is characterized in that: in step 4, mould cool time is 35～60 minutes.
5. H13 hot-work die steel production technique according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: in step 4, described slow cooling mode is sand cooling, ESR ingot is 1t≤6 minute from the demoulding to entering the sand pit time, above person≤9 minute of 1.5t, the sand pit degree of depth is greater than the diameter of ESR ingot, and the height of ESR ingot surface cover sand is greater than 200mm, and the slow cooling time is 60～96 hours.
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| CN105112785A (en) * | 2015-09-09 | 2015-12-02 | 天津那诺机械制造有限公司 | High-temperature-creep-resistant low-temperature die steel and preparation method thereof |
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| CN110616373A (en) * | 2019-09-29 | 2019-12-27 | 舞阳钢铁有限责任公司 | Hot-work die steel plate and production method thereof |
| CN110643902A (en) * | 2019-11-05 | 2020-01-03 | 大冶屹丰机械制造有限公司 | Super-wear-resistant H13 die steel |
| CN110923584A (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2020-03-27 | 重庆优特模具有限公司 | Long-life die-casting die steel and heat treatment process thereof |
| CN110923584B (en) * | 2019-12-31 | 2022-04-05 | 重庆优特模具有限公司 | Long-life die-casting die steel and heat treatment process thereof |
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| CN116445821A (en) * | 2023-04-28 | 2023-07-18 | 鞍钢股份有限公司 | Die steel resistant to mechanical strain and high in uniformity and preparation method thereof |
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