CN103981437A - Alloy steel with high strength and high toughness, preparation method and application thereof to steel structure - Google Patents
Alloy steel with high strength and high toughness, preparation method and application thereof to steel structure Download PDFInfo
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- CN103981437A CN103981437A CN201410194060.1A CN201410194060A CN103981437A CN 103981437 A CN103981437 A CN 103981437A CN 201410194060 A CN201410194060 A CN 201410194060A CN 103981437 A CN103981437 A CN 103981437A
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Abstract
An alloy steel with high strength and high toughness includes the following elements by weight: 0.06%-0.12% of C, 0.10%-0.48% of Si, 1.10%-1.65% of Mn, 0.020%-0.055% of Nb, no more than 0.03% of P, no more than 0.025 of S, 0.005-0.050% of Ti, and 0.010-0.080% of Al, wherein the elements meet the relations of: 0.025%<=Nb+Ti<=0.080%, 0.030%<=Al+Ti<=0.12% and the balance of iron and unavoidable impurities. The invention also relates to the preparation method and the application of the alloy steel with high strength and high toughness to steel structure industry.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the metal material processing process field that metallurgical industry is produced, relate in particular to a kind of high strength, high-toughness alloy steel, preparation method and the application in steel structure thereof.
Background technology
Steel is purposes the most a kind of material in all metals, in industrial circle widespread uses such as aviation, nuclear energy, naval vessel, petrochemical industry, in recent years to civil area development such as communications and transportation (automobile, train), kitchen utensils, household electrical appliance, building decorations.Therefore, the performance of steel and people's living safety are closely related.At present, automotive industry is mainly devoted to improve the intensity of steel and keeps its plasticity with the exploitation of steel.The development trend of automobile light weight, safety, less energy-consumption to steel products in kind, specification, propose higher requirement qualitatively.The new designing concept of light, the impact-resistant transportation means system of research and development quality requires the material that mining inetesity is high, plasticity good and energy absorption capability is good, specific mass is light.Improve the weight (meeting energy-conserving and environment-protective demand) that intensity can alleviate automobile, plasticity improves the demand that can meet complicated vehicle design and improve driving safety performance.
The study and use of high mangaenese steel is with a long history, has good work hardening ability, thereby high mangaenese steel is widely used in the workpiece of manufacturing anti impact wear-proof.In recent years, high mangaenese steel is being paid attention to aspect theoretical investigation and practical application day by day.High mangaenese steel improves plasticity because stable austenite forms strain inducing twin in mutually in deformation process.But find in practice, only impact large, stress is high, abrasive material is hard in the situation that, the high-wearing feature of high mangaenese steel is just embodied.And, because the yield strength of high mangaenese steel is low, easily deformable while using for the first time, and cause larger wearing and tearing; In addition, often there is high mangaenese steel parts brittle rupture phenomenon in cold district; Therefore, how to pass through suitable composition and Design Processing, by twin or phase transformation to improve the yield strength of high mangaenese steel, improve its plastic deformation ability simultaneously, deflection while reducing first use and further improve high mangaenese steel shock-resistance, wear resistance and become car body materials of new generation, the new problem that becomes investigation of materials worker, also becomes one of study hotspot of the metallic substance within the scope of our times.
In engineering application, for strengthening material adopts solution strengthening method, this is that a kind of solute atoms incorporating in a large number in sosoloid that utilizes causes lattice distortion, and lattice distortion has increased the resistance of dislocation motion, make slippage be difficult to carry out, thereby the intensity of Alloy solid solution and hardness are increased.When solute atoms concentration is suitable, can improve intensity and the hardness of material, and its toughness and plasticity decline to some extent.This just relates to another two kinds of strengthening mechanisms, martensitic transformation strengthening and twin strengthening.Martensite is a kind of tissue that can make steel hardening, enhancing, and martensite strengthening has been widely used in iron and steel.During due to martensitic transformation, be subjected to displacement atomic rule, material plasticity when phase transformation is increased, utilize this feature to develop phase change induction plasticity steel (TRIP), can when improving hardness of steel, make it keep certain plastic deformation ability; Meanwhile, in engineering application, for strengthening material adopts crystal grain thinning method, this is a kind of intensity of utilizing a large amount of crystal boundary restrictions or anchoring dislocation motion to improve material, can be described by famous Hall-Petch relation.People observe high strength from various metals and alloy, and the yield strength of most metals material and hardness value, with the trend that reduces to show increase of grain-size, are deferred to Hall-Petch relation well.The feature that twin inducing plasticity steel (TWIP) utilizes metal to cause twin-plane boundary to increase in deformation process because of shear just, when making in material viscous deformation because twin boundary makes its strength increase to the inhibition of dislocation, there is identical effect with cause material reinforcement by grain refining, thereby make material there is high strength and high tenacity simultaneously.
The yield strength that common coarse crystal steel (grain-size is about 100 mm) at room temperature stretches is only 90 MPa, and ultra-fine grain micro-alloy steel (Fe-0.8C, grain-size is about 6 mm) at room temperature stretches, its yield strength 310 MPa.People (the Ding H. such as Ding Hao, Ding H., Song D., Tang Z.Y., Yang P., Strain hardening behavior of a TRIP/TWIP steel with 18.8% Mn, Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 528, 868-873 (2011)) adopt the prepared Fe-18.8Mn-2.9Si-2.9Al-0.04C steel of vacuum melting technology-hot rolling technology, through 1100 ℃ of annealing 1hr, when room temperature tensile, its yield strength is 400 MPa, tensile strength is 1300 MPa, stretching true strain amount is 45%, after distortion, in microtexture, there is a large amount of twins and martensite, although the deformation principle of the prepared material of the method based on same, its tensile strength and stretching plastic are all lower.People (the Park K.T. such as Korea S scientist Park, Jin K.G. Han S.H., Hwang S.W., Choi K.Y., Lee C.S., Stacking fault energy and plastic deformation of fully austenitic high manganese steels:Effect of Al addition, Materials Science and Engineering A, Vol. 527, 3651-3661 (2010)) the Fe-22Mn-xAl-0.6C steel of preparing by vacuum melting-hot rolling-cold rolling-method for annealing, after distortion, in microtexture, there is highdensity twin, its yield strength is～300 ± 20MPa, different with Al content, its tensile strength changes between 670MPa to 870MPa, stretching plastic changes between 54% to 80%, although its yield strength is higher, stretching plastic is the highest also can reach 80%, and tensile strength maximum is only 870MPa.
In recent decades, the exploitation of wear resisting steel and application development are very fast, general increase carbon content also adds appropriate trace element, as chromium, molybdenum, nickel, vanadium, tungsten, cobalt, boron and titanium etc., make full use of the mechanical property that the different schedule of reinforcements such as precipitation strength, refined crystalline strengthening, phase transformation strengthening and dislocations strengthening improve wear resisting steel.Most of wear resisting steels are middle carbon, medium high carbon and high carbon steel, carbon content increase can cause the toughness of steel to decline, and too high carbon severe exacerbation the welding property of steel, in addition, increase alloy content and can cause cost to improve and welding property decline, these shortcomings have restricted further developing of wear resisting steel.
The wear resistance of material depends primarily on its hardness, and toughness also has very important impact to the wear resistance of material.Only the hardness that improves material can not guarantee that material has preferably wear resistance and longer work-ing life under complex working condition.By adjusting component and thermal treatment process, control the rational Match of low-alloy wear-resistant steel hardness and toughness, obtain good comprehensive mechanical performance, make it meet the needs of different wear working conditions.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of low alloy easy welding high-strength and high ductility wear-resisting steel plate, adding the coupling that realizes high strength, high rigidity and high tenacity on trace alloying element basis, very easily weld, have good machining property, be extremely of value to the widespread use in engineering.
The present invention relates to following high strength, high-toughness alloy steel and manufacture method thereof.
High strength, a high-toughness alloy steel, comprise following alloying element according to mass percent:
C ：0.06％～0.12％；Si：0.10％～0.48％；Mn：1.10％～1.65％；Nb：0.020％～0.055％；
P≤0.03; S≤0.025; Ti:0.005～0.050%; Al:0.010～0.080%, and meet: 0.025%≤Nb+Ti≤0.080%, 0.030%≤Al+Ti≤0.12%, all the other are iron and inevitable impurity.
Described high strength, high-toughness alloy steel, also comprise V below 0.05 quality % as moiety.
Described high strength, high-toughness alloy steel, also comprise the N of 20 to 150 quality ppm as moiety.
Described high strength, the mechanical property of high-toughness alloy steel are: yield strength >=550MPa, tensile strength >=500Mpa, unit elongation >=21% ,-40 ℃ of Impact energy Ak v >=24J.
The preparation method of described high strength, high-toughness alloy steel, comprises the following steps:
1) vacuum induction furnace smelting: according to chemical composition require batching, after furnace charge all melts clearly, at 1540～1560 ℃ of refining 40min, after insulation 20min, sample, after analysis ingredient, adjusting component, fusing 5～10min, casting electrode rod, tapping temperature is 1560～1580 ℃;
2) esr: by the electrode bar remelting in step 1, teeming;
3) forge: the steel ingot in step 2 is forged, open forging temperature >=1050 ℃, final forging temperature >=850 ℃, forging deformation amount >=30%, after forging, Slow cooling is annealed to room temperature again, 680 ℃ of annealing temperatures, soaking time 2～3h; In cooling step, adopt water-cooled, stopping cold temperature is room temperature to 300 ℃;
4) thermal treatment: the material after forging in step 3 is heat-treated to 800～890 ℃ of quenching temperatures, 420～550 ℃ of tempering temperatures, tempering time 40～190min.
C is the element that improves intensity and hardening capacity.Yet, when excessive interpolation C, become and be difficult to obtain predetermined toughness, and the susceptibility of welding crack is uprised.Consider these factors, C content is defined as to 0.06 to 0.120%.
Si is used as reductor, and is the element that improves hardening capacity.Yet due to when the excessive interpolation Si, segregation increases and forms non-metallic inclusion too much and reduce toughness, therefore this content is defined as to 0.10 to 0.48%.
mn is the element that improves intensity and hardening capacity.Yet, when content is less than 0.40%, can not obtain predetermined strength.On the other hand, when content surpasses 1.8%, intensity is too high and can not obtain predetermined ductility and toughness, and there will be temper embrittlement.
Invention effect
Ti carries high-intensity element by separating out TiN.On the other hand, the excessive TiN of separating out causes toughness to decline.Due to by casting under air atmosphere in the large cast steel goods of making, it is inevitably that N to a certain degree pollutes, and therefore, the amount that expectation reduces Ti to be as much as possible to guarantee high tenacity, and 0.05% the amount of being therefore less than is more expected.
Bright as noted earlier, because high-strength high-toughness cast steel material of the present invention has specific composition, even if so in Big Steel Castings steel, also can obtain fully high intensity and toughness by air cooling or fan cooling and without implementing plastic working and without implementing liquid cooling as water cooling or oil cooling when quenching.
Embodiment
Embodiment 1
The present embodiment chemical composition (wt%) as shown in the table:
| Element | C | Si | Mn | Nb | P | S | Ti | Al | V |
| Content | 0.06 | 0.10 | 1.10 | 0.02 | 0.03 | 0.025 | 0.005 | 0.01 | 0.05 |
Employing is prepared as follows the metallic substance of explained hereafter:
1) vacuum induction furnace smelting: according to chemical composition require batching, after furnace charge all melts clearly, at 1540 ℃ of refining 40min, after insulation 20min, sample, after analysis ingredient, adjusting component, fusing 10min, casting electrode rod, tapping temperature is 1560 ℃;
2) esr: by the electrode bar remelting in step 1, teeming;
3) forge: the steel ingot in step 2 is forged, open forging temperature >=1050 ℃, final forging temperature >=850 ℃, forging deformation amount >=30%, after forging, Slow cooling is annealed to room temperature again, 680 ℃ of annealing temperatures, soaking time 3h; In cooling step, adopt water-cooled, stopping cold temperature is room temperature to 300 ℃;
4) thermal treatment: the material after forging in step 3 is heat-treated to 800 ℃ of quenching temperatures, 550 ℃ of tempering temperatures, tempering time 190min.
The mechanical property of the present embodiment is as shown in the table:
Embodiment 2
The present embodiment chemical composition (wt%) as shown in the table:
| Element | C | Si | Mn | Nb | P | S | Ti | Al | V |
| Content | 0.12 | 0.48 | 1.65 | 0.055 | 0.10 | 0.015 | 0.05 | 0.08 | 0.05 |
Employing is prepared as follows the metallic substance of explained hereafter:
1) vacuum induction furnace smelting: according to chemical composition require batching, after furnace charge all melts clearly, at 1540 ℃ of refining 40min, after insulation 20min, sample, after analysis ingredient, adjusting component, fusing 10min, casting electrode rod, tapping temperature is 1560 ℃;
2) esr: by the electrode bar remelting in step 1, teeming;
3) forge: the steel ingot in step 2 is forged, open forging temperature >=1050 ℃, final forging temperature >=850 ℃, forging deformation amount >=30%, after forging, Slow cooling is annealed to room temperature again, 680 ℃ of annealing temperatures, soaking time 3h; In cooling step, adopt water-cooled, stopping cold temperature is room temperature to 300 ℃;
4) thermal treatment: the material after forging in step 3 is heat-treated to 800 ℃ of quenching temperatures, 550 ℃ of tempering temperatures, tempering time 190min.
High-strength high-toughness alloy steel for bolts mechanical performance index of the present invention:
Claims (6)
1. high strength, a high-toughness alloy steel, comprise following alloying element according to mass percent:
C ：0.06％～0.12％；Si：0.10％～0.48％；Mn：1.10％～1.65％；Nb：0.020％～0.055％；
P≤0.03; S≤0.025; Ti:0.005～0.050%; Al:0.010～0.080%, V:0.1～0.3%; N:0.03 ~ 0.05% and satisfied: 0.025%≤Nb+Ti≤0.080%, 0.030%≤Al+Ti≤0.12%, all the other are iron and inevitable impurity.
2. high strength according to claim 1, high-toughness alloy steel, is characterized in that: also comprise V below 0.05 quality % as moiety.
3. high strength according to claim 2, high-toughness alloy steel, is characterized in that: also comprise the N of 20 to 150 quality ppm as moiety.
4. high strength according to claim 1 and 2, high-toughness alloy steel, is characterized in that: the mechanical property of described steel is: yield strength >=550MPa, tensile strength >=500Mpa, unit elongation >=21% ,-40 ℃ of Impact energy Ak v >=24J.
5. a preparation method for high strength, high-toughness alloy steel as claimed in claim 1, comprises the following steps:
1) vacuum induction furnace smelting: according to chemical composition require batching, after furnace charge all melts clearly, at 1540～1560 ℃ of refining 40min, after insulation 20min, sample, after analysis ingredient, adjusting component, fusing 5～10min, casting electrode rod, tapping temperature is 1560～1580 ℃;
2) esr: by the electrode bar remelting in step 1, teeming;
3) forge: the steel ingot in step 2 is forged, open forging temperature >=1050 ℃, final forging temperature >=850 ℃, forging deformation amount >=30%, after forging, Slow cooling is annealed to room temperature again, 680 ℃ of annealing temperatures, soaking time 2～3h; In cooling step, adopt water-cooled, stopping cold temperature is room temperature to 300 ℃;
4) thermal treatment: the material after forging in step 3 is heat-treated to 800～890 ℃ of quenching temperatures, 420～550 ℃ of tempering temperatures, tempering time 40～190min.
6. an arbitrary high strength as described in claim 1-4, high-toughness alloy steel are in the application of steel structure industry.
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Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108715974A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-10-30 | 宁波力古机械制造有限公司 | High strength gas cylinder cap and its production technology |
| CN112662932A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-16 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | TWIP steel and preparation method thereof |
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| JP2002173710A (en) * | 2000-12-04 | 2002-06-21 | Nkk Corp | Method for producing high strength and high toughness steel sheet |
| JP2005048289A (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2005-02-24 | Jfe Steel Kk | Low yield ratio, high strength and high toughness steel sheet, and its production method |
| CN102953003A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-03-06 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Pipeline steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103147002A (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2013-06-12 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Low-alloy high-strength steel plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN103725979A (en) * | 2013-10-26 | 2014-04-16 | 溧阳市浙大产学研服务中心有限公司 | Manufacturing method of magnetic control connecting piece for pressurized water reactor nuclear island |
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Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| JP2002173710A (en) * | 2000-12-04 | 2002-06-21 | Nkk Corp | Method for producing high strength and high toughness steel sheet |
| JP2005048289A (en) * | 2003-07-16 | 2005-02-24 | Jfe Steel Kk | Low yield ratio, high strength and high toughness steel sheet, and its production method |
| CN102953003A (en) * | 2012-11-19 | 2013-03-06 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Pipeline steel and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN103147002A (en) * | 2013-03-21 | 2013-06-12 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Low-alloy high-strength steel plate and preparation method thereof |
| CN103725979A (en) * | 2013-10-26 | 2014-04-16 | 溧阳市浙大产学研服务中心有限公司 | Manufacturing method of magnetic control connecting piece for pressurized water reactor nuclear island |
Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN108715974A (en) * | 2018-07-03 | 2018-10-30 | 宁波力古机械制造有限公司 | High strength gas cylinder cap and its production technology |
| CN112662932A (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2021-04-16 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | TWIP steel and preparation method thereof |
| CN112662932B (en) * | 2019-10-15 | 2022-03-04 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | TWIP steel and preparation method thereof |
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