CN103979611A - High-tap-density nickel cobalt lithium manganate layered cathode material prepared by improved coprecipitation method and preparing method thereof - Google Patents

High-tap-density nickel cobalt lithium manganate layered cathode material prepared by improved coprecipitation method and preparing method thereof Download PDF

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CN103979611A
CN103979611A CN201410199706.5A CN201410199706A CN103979611A CN 103979611 A CN103979611 A CN 103979611A CN 201410199706 A CN201410199706 A CN 201410199706A CN 103979611 A CN103979611 A CN 103979611A
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solution
lithium manganate
cobalt lithium
cathode material
tap
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沈临江
张海伟
顾大伟
鲍佳敏
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Nanjing Tech University
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Nanjing Tech University
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Abstract

The invention provides a high-tap-density nickel cobalt lithium manganate layered cathode material prepared by an improved coprecipitation method and a preparing method thereof. The high-tap-density nickel cobalt lithium manganate layered cathode material is prepared. The preparing method adopts a hydroxide coprecipitation method. The material parallel-flow adding speed and the solution pH value are controlled. Different calcination atmospheres are adopted. A sample material with high tap density, high crystalline degree, good degree of sphericity of particles and uniform size is obtained. The obtained material has good cycle performances.

Description

Improve coprecipitation method and prepare high tap density nickle cobalt lithium manganate layered cathode material and preparation method
Technical field:
The present invention relates to a kind of electrode materials, be specially a kind of high tap density nickle cobalt lithium manganate layered cathode material, belong to electrode materials technical field.
Background technology:
Stratiform LiNi 1/3co 1/3mn 1/3o 2positive electrode material excellent property.Because Ni, Co, Mn exist simultaneously, so there is obvious trielement synergistic effect.Wherein, Ni contributes to improve the embedding lithium capacity of this positive electrode material; Co energy stable laminated structure, suppresses positively charged ion mixing; The existence of Mn has reduced cost, and can effectively improve the safety performance of this positive electrode material.Therefore, exploitation is with LiNi 1/3co 1/3mn 1/3o 2for the lithium ion battery of positive electrode material has great importance.Coprecipitation method is prepared nickle cobalt lithium manganate layered cathode material can control its granule-morphology, size etc., obtains that sphericity is high, the positive electrode material of narrow particle size distribution.But traditional co-precipitation method obtains product tap density at 2.0~2.3g/cm 3between, have a strong impact on its energy density, slow down it and replaced LiCoO 2material moves towards business-like paces.
Improve coprecipitation method and on the basis of co-precipitation, propose certain improvement, the present invention has inherited the advantage of coprecipitation method, has improved again the tap density of product simultaneously, promotes its production that moves towards the industrialization.
Summary of the invention:
The present invention improves existing coprecipitation method, and a kind of preparation method is provided, and the method has prepared high tap density nickle cobalt lithium manganate layered cathode material.The method control reaction soln potential of hydrogen, temperature, resultant velocity, control pre-burning, high-temperature calcination, calcination atmosphere are to obtain the LiNi that crystallization degree is high, tap density is high 1/3co 1/3mn 1/3o 2positive electrode material.
Another object of the present invention is to provide the LiNi of high tap density prepared by aforesaid method 1/3co 1/3mn 1/3o 2positive electrode material.
Object of the present invention realizes by following scheme:
Improve coprecipitation method and prepare the method for high tap density nickle cobalt lithium manganate layered cathode material, the concrete steps of the method are as follows:
1) Ni (NO that is 1:1:1 by mol ratio 3) 26H 2o, Co (NO 3) 26H 2o and Mn (NO 3) 2be dissolved in deionized water, make solution M, wherein in solution, the volumetric molar concentration of nitrate radical is 1.0-5.0mol/L;
2) sodium hydroxide is dissolved in deionized water, is mixed and made into solution N with strong aqua, in solution N, ammonia concn is 4.6mol/L, and the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 2.0mol/L;
3) then take two peristaltic pumps of mode of cocurrent adding material with the flow velocity of 0.1-5ml/min, isopyknic solution M and solution N to be joined in reactor respectively, the pH value of controlling solution between 8-12, temperature is between 20-70 DEG C, stirring velocity is between 100-500r/min, reactor sealing, passes into N 2protection; Reinforced end continues to react after 4.5h, filters, washs to presoma Ni neutral, that 80 DEG C of vacuum dryings obtain LNCM 1/3co 1/3mn 1/3(OH) 2;
4) by after presoma grinding powder with excessive LiOHH 2o is placed in tetrafluoroethylene ball grinder, in ball grinder, adds 40ml ether as dispersion agent, is then placed on planetary ball mill, with the rotating speed ball milling mixing 10-30h of 200-500r/min; Then be placed on 10h in the baking oven of 40 DEG C, the mixture that obtains mixing;
5) again this mixture is placed in to retort furnace, first after 400 DEG C of pre-burnings, grinds evenly, then 800 DEG C of calcining 12h, pass into oxygen or another gas or both mixtures when calcining, obtain LiNi after cooling 1/3co 1/3mn 1/3o 2positive electrode material.
Step 1) in solution M the concentration of nitrate radical be 2.0-3.0mol/L.
Step 2) in peristaltic pump feed rate be 0.15-3ml/min, control solution pH value between 10-11, temperature between 40-60 DEG C and stirring velocity between 200-400r/min;
Step 3) in ball milling speed be controlled between 300-400r/min, Ball-milling Time is between 10-20h;
Step 4) in when calcining another gas of passing into be any one or several any mixing in rare gas element and nitrogen.
The high LiNi of tap density prepared by aforesaid method 1/3co 1/3mn 1/3o 2positive electrode material.
Method tool of the present invention has the following advantages:
With hydroxide coprecipitation step, control cocurrent adding material speed, and control pH, adopt different calcination atmosphere, can obtain that tap density is high, crystallization degree is high, the specimen material of particle good sphericity, size uniform, and synthetic material has very stable cycle performance.
Brief description of the drawings:
Fig. 1 is the sample S1 for preparing of embodiment mono-and the XRD spectra of S2.
Fig. 2 is the sample S1 for preparing of embodiment mono-and the pattern of S2.
Fig. 3 is cyclic voltammetry graphic representation of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is constant current charge-discharge test performance figure of the present invention.
Embodiment:
Embodiment mono-: synthetic method:
By the Ni (NO of 0.04mol 3) 26H 2co (the NO of O, 0.04mol 3) 26H 2mn (the NO of O and 0.04mol 3) 2be dissolved in deionized water and make the solution of 60ml, obtain the nitrate mixed solution of 2.0mol/L, be designated as solution M.
0.24mol sodium hydroxide is dissolved in deionized water, be mixed and made into the solution of 60ml with 41.83ml strong aqua (density is 0.905g/ml), wherein ammonia concn is 4.6mol/L, and the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 2.0mol/L, its ammonia alkali mol ratio is 2.3, is designated as solution N.
Then take the mode peristaltic pump of cocurrent adding material with the flow velocity (flow velocity with M calculates) of 0.18ml/min, solution M, N to be joined respectively in reactor, the strict pH value of controlling solution is 11 (to use pH meter real-time testing, regulate with ammoniacal liquor and deionized water), temperature 60 C and stirring velocity 350r/min (with the control of reinforcement electric mixer), reactor sealing, passes into N 2protection.The end of feeding in raw material continues to react after 4.5h, the presoma Ni that filter (getting filtrate as reaction end liquid), wash (being neutral to washings), 80 DEG C of vacuum dryings obtains LNCM 1/3co 1/3mn 1/3(OH) 2.
By after presoma grinding powder with excessive LiOHH 2o (presoma and LiOHH 2the mol ratio 1:1.05 of O) be placed in tetrafluoroethylene ball grinder, in ball grinder, add appropriate ether as dispersion agent, be then placed on planetary ball mill, with the rotating speed ball milling mixing 10h of 300r/min.Then be placed on 10h in the baking oven of 40 DEG C, the mixture that obtains mixing.
Again this mixture is placed in to retort furnace, after first 400 DEG C of pre-burnings are ground evenly, then 800 DEG C of calcining 12h.When calcining in two kinds of situation: (1) calcining time passes into nitrogen, obtains LiNi after furnace cooling 1/3co 1/3mn 1/3o 2positive electrode material.Be designated as sample S1.(2) while calcining, pass into oxygen, after furnace cooling, obtain LiNi 1/3co 1/3mn 1/3o 2positive electrode material, is designated as sample S2.
Testing of materials example one:
The XRD spectra of sample S1 and S2 is shown in Fig. 1
From Fig. 1, can be clearly seen that sample S1 and sample S2 all have the α-NaFeO of hexagonal system 2laminate structure, belong to R3m spacer, each diffraction peak all meets hexagonal system feature.Li +occupy 3a position, transition metal ion occupies 3b position, and O occupies 6c position, and material does not have impurity phase, and the LNCM positive electrode material that obtains having good laminate structure is described.For thering is α-NaFeO 2the hexagonal system material of laminate structure, the strength ratio (I of peak (003) and peak (104) 003/ I 104represent with R) be often used to characterize the positively charged ion mixing degree of this material, when R is lower than 1.2 time, in crystal positively charged ion mixing serious, will cause the chemical property severe exacerbation of this material, make it to be not suitable for doing electrode materials; While is along with the aggravation of positively charged ion mixing, peak (006) and peak (012) can merge the peak (111) that becomes isometric system gradually, and peak (018) and peak (110) also can merge gradually and become the peak of hexagonal system (220), therefore the division Chengdu of peak (006) and peak (012) and peak (018) and peak (110) is also used to characterize the two-dimensional layered structure of this material.
As can be seen from Figure 1 the R value of sample S1 and S2 is all higher than 1.2, and the splitting degree of peak (006) and peak (012) and peak (018) and peak (110) is all higher, the visible synthetic sample of the method has good laminate structure, the high and little positively charged ion mixing phenomenon of crystallization degree.
The tap density of sample is in table 1
Table 1
Sample S1 S2
Tap density, g/cm 3 2.94 3.12
The synthetic sample of the method has very high tap density as can be seen from the above table.
As seen from Figure 2, all smoother of sample particle surface that the method is synthetic, size is more even, thereby can predict reasonable chemical property.
Testing of materials example two:
Electrochemical property test:
The sample S1 preparing taking embodiment mono-respectively and S2 are barrier film, 1mol/LLiPF as anodal, metallic lithium as negative pole, Celgard2300 6nSC 11801 (EC)-methylcarbonate (DMC)-diethyl carbonate (DEC) mixing solutions (volume ratio is 1:1:1) be electrolytic solution, be assembled into CR2025 type button cell in lower than the stainless steel glove box below 3ppm being full of argon gas, moisture content.Carry out electrochemical property test.
Cyclic voltammetry is as shown in Figure 3:
Can be clearly seen that oxidation peak and reduction peak by the cyclic voltammetry curve of Fig. 3, wherein electrochemical reaction corresponding to oxidation peak is Ni in material 2+/ Ni 4+, Co 2+/ Co 3+oxidation, reduction peak correspondence the reduction of Ni in material, Co.Numerically corresponding the charging and discharging capacity of battery respectively of the integral area of oxidation peak, reduction peak, so the ratio of reduction peak and oxidation peak area can judge the reversibility that battery electrode reacts, symmetry is better, the reversibility of battery is better.The spike potential of oxidation peak and reduction peak also can be judged the reversibility of electrode, and current potential difference is more approaching, and reversibility is better.Sample S1 and S2 peak position that the method is synthetic are more approaching, illustrate that they all have reasonable reversibility.
Testing of materials example three:
Constant current charge-discharge test, as shown in Figure 4:
Fig. 4 is sample S1 and the cycle performance figure of S2 in 3-4.6V voltage and under 0.2C prepared by embodiment mono-.The first discharge specific capacity of sample S1 is 181mAh/g, after 100 circulations, is 180mAh/g, and capability retention is 99.4%.The first discharge specific capacity of sample S2 is 184.6mAh/g, has only lost 0.4mAh/g through 100 circulation volumes, and capability retention reaches 99.8%.

Claims (6)

1. improve the method that coprecipitation method is prepared high tap density nickle cobalt lithium manganate layered cathode material, the concrete steps of the method are as follows:
1) Ni (NO that is 1:1:1 by mol ratio 3) 26H 2o, Co (NO 3) 26H 2o and Mn (NO 3) 2be dissolved in deionized water, make solution M, wherein in solution, the volumetric molar concentration of nitrate radical is 1.0-5.0mol/L;
2) sodium hydroxide is dissolved in deionized water, is mixed and made into solution N with strong aqua, in solution N, ammonia concn is 4.6mol/L, and the concentration of sodium hydroxide is 2.0mol/L;
3) then take two peristaltic pumps of mode of cocurrent adding material with the flow velocity of 0.1-5ml/min, isopyknic solution M and solution N to be joined in reactor respectively, the pH value of controlling solution between 8-12, temperature is between 20-70 DEG C, stirring velocity is between 100-500r/min, reactor sealing, passes into N 2protection; Reinforced end continues to react after 4.5h, filters, washs to presoma Ni neutral, that 80 DEG C of vacuum dryings obtain LNCM 1/3co 1/3mn 1/3(OH) 2;
4) by after presoma grinding powder with excessive LiOHH 2o is placed in tetrafluoroethylene ball grinder, in ball grinder, adds 40ml ether as dispersion agent, is then placed on planetary ball mill, with the rotating speed ball milling mixing 10-30h of 200-500r/min; Then be placed on 10h in the baking oven of 40 DEG C, the mixture that obtains mixing;
5) again this mixture is placed in to retort furnace, first after 400 DEG C of pre-burnings, grinds evenly, then 800 DEG C of calcining 12h, pass into oxygen or another gas or both mixtures when calcining, obtain LiNi after cooling 1/3co 1/3mn 1/3o 2positive electrode material.
2. method according to claim 1, in the method: step 1) in solution M the concentration of nitrate radical be 2.0-3.0mol/L.
3. method according to claim 1, in the method: step 2) in peristaltic pump feed rate be 0.15-3ml/min, control solution pH value between 10-11, temperature between 40-60 DEG C and stirring velocity between 200-400r/min.
4. method according to claim 1, in the method: step 3) in ball milling speed be controlled between 300-400r/min, Ball-milling Time is between 10-20h.
5. method according to claim 1, in the method: step 4) in when calcining another gas of passing into be any one or several any mixing in rare gas element and nitrogen.
6. the high tap density nickle cobalt lithium manganate layered cathode material that described in claim 1 prepared by method.
CN201410199706.5A 2014-05-12 2014-05-12 High-tap-density nickel cobalt lithium manganate layered cathode material prepared by improved coprecipitation method and preparing method thereof Pending CN103979611A (en)

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104300145A (en) * 2014-10-10 2015-01-21 东莞市长安东阳光铝业研发有限公司 Preparation method for high-tapping-density modified nickel-cobalt lithium manganate positive material
CN108075132A (en) * 2017-12-20 2018-05-25 浙江华友钴业股份有限公司 A kind of preparation method of the nickel cobalt manganese persursor material with special internal structure

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CN103000870A (en) * 2012-11-22 2013-03-27 中国电子科技集团公司第十八研究所 Compounding method for LizNixCoyMn (1-x-y) O2 material

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Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN104300145A (en) * 2014-10-10 2015-01-21 东莞市长安东阳光铝业研发有限公司 Preparation method for high-tapping-density modified nickel-cobalt lithium manganate positive material
CN108075132A (en) * 2017-12-20 2018-05-25 浙江华友钴业股份有限公司 A kind of preparation method of the nickel cobalt manganese persursor material with special internal structure

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Application publication date: 20140813