CN103975382A

CN103975382A - Methods and apparatus for interpolating colors

Info

Publication number: CN103975382A
Application number: CN201280059122.7A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 阿洛克·戈维尔
Original assignee: Qualcomm MEMS Technologies Inc
Current assignee: Qualcomm MEMS Technologies Inc
Priority date: 2011-11-30
Filing date: 2012-11-19
Publication date: 2014-08-06
Also published as: WO2013081885A1; KR20140106629A; JP2015502576A; TW201346864A

Abstract

This disclosure provides methods, apparatus, and computer programs encoded on computer storage media for displaying a final color on an electronic display capable of displaying a set of native colors. In one aspect, a method includes producing a first color from drive instructions for a plurality of display devices. Some aspects include identifying a plurality of weights including at least a first weight and one or more other weights, wherein the one or more other weights are less than the first weight and proportional to the first weight. The method also includes associating the first weight with a first color from the set of native colors and recursively assigning one or more colors from the set of native colors to the one or more other weights. Some aspects determine an error between one or more native colors and a desired color. The final color is then displayed on the electronic display by displaying each of the assigned colors according to its weight.

Description

For the method and apparatus of interpolation color

Technical field

The present invention relates to the color interpolation method and apparatus for Mechatronic Systems, and relate in particular to analog interferometric modulator.

Background technology

Mechatronic Systems (EMS) comprises the device for example, with electricity and mechanical organ, actuator, transducer, sensor, optical module (, mirror) and electron device.Can sizes maker electric system, including but not limited to micron-scale and nano-scale.For instance, MEMS (micro electro mechanical system) (MEMS) device can comprise the big or small structure having between from approximately a micron to hundreds of microns or in larger scope.Nano-electromechanical system (NEMS) device can comprise the structure with the size (for instance, comprising the size that is less than hundreds of nanometers) that is less than a micron.Can use deposition, etching, photoetching and/or etch away substrate and/or the part of institute's deposited material layer or interpolation layer other miromaching formation electromechanical compo with formation electric installation and electromechanical assembly.

The Mechatronic Systems device of one type is called interferometric modulator (IMOD).As used herein, term interferometric modulator or interferometric light modulator refer to and use principle of optical interference optionally to absorb and/or catoptrical device.In some embodiments, interferometric modulator can comprise pair of conductive plate, described one or both in current-carrying plate be can be all or part of transparent and/or reflection and can relative motion in the time applying suitable electric signal.In embodiments, a plate can comprise the fixed bed and another plate that are deposited on substrate and can comprise the reflectance coating separating with described fixed bed by air gap.A plate can change with respect to the position of another plate the optical interference that is incident in the light on interferometric modulator.Interferometric devices has a wide range of applications, and expection is for improvement of existing product and formation new product, especially has those products of display capabilities.

Summary of the invention

System of the present invention, method and device have several novelties aspect separately, and the single aspect in described aspect does not all determine wanted attribute disclosed herein individually.

A novelty aspect of subject matter described in the present invention may be implemented in a kind of for showing the method for final color on the electronic console showing one group of primary color, described method comprises: multiple flexible strategy that identification comprises at least one the first flexible strategy and one or more other flexible strategy, and wherein said one or more other flexible strategy are less than described the first flexible strategy and proportional with described the first flexible strategy; Described the first flexible strategy and the first correlation between color components from described group of primary color are joined; Described one or more other flexible strategy will be recursively assigned to from one or more color of described group of primary color; And by according to described through assign each flexible strategy in color show described each and on described electronic console, show described final color.In some embodiments, described electronic console comprises Simulation with I MOD.In some embodiments, described multiple flexible strategy comprise n flexible strategy, and each flexible strategy x in wherein said multiple flexible strategy _ican be according to x _i=x ₀* (1-x ₀) ⁱdetermine, wherein i is the round values from 0 to n-1, and wherein said the first flexible strategy are by x ₀represent.In some embodiments, each flexible strategy x in described multiple flexible strategy _ican be according to x _i=x ₀* (1-x ₀) ^{floor (i/r)}determine, wherein i is the round values from 0 to n-1, and described the first flexible strategy are by x ₀represent, and wherein r is the number of times that value in described group is assigned to described the first flexible strategy.In some embodiments, the number of the color of exclusive appointment is equal to or less than the number for the display element at display display pixel.In some embodiments, the number of the color of non-exclusive appointment equals the number of the update cycle during frame displaying time.In some embodiments, each in described multiple flexible strategy is corresponding to time weight.In some embodiments, each in described multiple flexible strategy is corresponding to spatial weighting.

What disclose is a kind of equipment that comprises electronic console on the other hand.Described electronic console comprises the display device that can show one group of primary color.Described display also comprises and is configured to the electronic processors of communicating by letter with described display, and described processor is configured to image data processing.Described processor is also configured to: multiple flexible strategy that identification comprises at least one the first flexible strategy and one or more other flexible strategy, and wherein said one or more other flexible strategy are less than described the first flexible strategy and proportional with described the first flexible strategy; Described the first flexible strategy and the first selected correlation between color components from one group of primary color are joined; Recursively select and assign one or more primary color by described one or more other flexible strategy from described group of primary color; And on described electronic console, show each in described selected primary color according to described selected being associated flexible strategy of primary color.

In some embodiments, described equipment comprises storage arrangement, and described storage arrangement is configured to and described processor communication.Some of the other embodiments comprises drive circuit, and described drive circuit is configured at least one signal to send to described display.Some embodiments comprise controller, and described controller is configured at least a portion of described view data to send to described drive circuit.Some embodiments comprise image source module, and described image source module is configured to described view data to send to described processor.

In some embodiments, described image source module comprises at least one in receiver, transceiver and transmitter.In some embodiments, described equipment also comprises input media, and described input media is configured to receive input data and described input data are delivered to described processor.In some embodiments, described electronic console comprises Simulation with I MOD.

In some embodiments, described multiple flexible strategy comprise n flexible strategy, and each flexible strategy x in wherein said multiple flexible strategy _ican be according to x _i=x ₀* (1-x ₀) ⁱdetermine, wherein i is the round values from 0 to n-1, and wherein said the first flexible strategy are by x ₀represent.In some embodiments, described equipment also comprises radio mobile telephone set.

What disclose is a kind of at least display device of two or more display device that has on the other hand.Described equipment comprises: for identifying the device of the multiple flexible strategy that comprise at least one the first flexible strategy and one or more other flexible strategy, wherein said one or more other flexible strategy are less than described the first flexible strategy and proportional with described the first flexible strategy; For making described the first flexible strategy and the device joining from the first correlation between color components of one group of primary color; For will being recursively assigned to the device of described one or more other flexible strategy from one or more color of described group of primary color; And for by according to described through assign each flexible strategy of color show described each and in two or more display device at described electronic console, show the device of final color.

What disclose is a kind of nonvolatile computer-readable storage medium on the other hand, stores the instruction that causes treatment circuit manner of execution on it.Described method comprises multiple flexible strategy that identification comprises at least one the first flexible strategy and one or more other flexible strategy.Described one or more other flexible strategy are less than described the first flexible strategy and proportional with described the first flexible strategy.Described method also comprises: described the first flexible strategy and the first correlation between color components from one group of primary color are joined; Described one or more other flexible strategy will be recursively assigned to from one or more color of described group of primary color; And by according to described through assign each flexible strategy in color show described each and in two or more display device at electronic console, show final color.

Disclose be on the other hand a kind of for represent to have with multiple through the weighted value unit of adding up to and the method for end value of component.Described method comprises one group of N value of identification.A described N value defines the N dimension space that comprises described end value.Described method also comprises multiple flexible strategy that identification comprises at least one the first flexible strategy and one or more other flexible strategy.Described one or more other flexible strategy are less than described the first flexible strategy and proportional with described the first flexible strategy.Described method also comprises the value in described group is assigned to described the first flexible strategy, and one or more value in described group is recursively assigned to described one or more other flexible strategy.

In alterations and following description, illustrate the details of one or more embodiment of the subject matter described in this instructions.To understand further feature, aspect and advantage according to described description, graphic and claims.Note, the relative size of following figure is not drawn on scale also.

Brief description of the drawings

Figure 1A and 1B show the example of the isometric view of the pixel of describing interferometric modulator (IMOD) display device in two different conditions.

Fig. 2 shows that graphic extension is used for the example of the schematic circuit of the driving circuit array of optical MEMS display device.

Fig. 3 shows the example of the schematic part xsect of an embodiment of the structure of the driving circuit of graphic extension Fig. 2 and the display element that is associated.

The example of the schematic exploded part skeleton view of Fig. 4 display optics MEMS display device, described optical MEMS display device has interferometric modulator array and has the backboard that embeds circuit.

Fig. 5 shows the xsect of the interferometric modulator with two fixed beds and the 3rd displaceable layers.

Fig. 6 shows that graphic extension is used for the example of the schematic circuit of the driving circuit array of the optics EMS display device of the structure with Fig. 5.

Fig. 7 A is to two fixed beds of the interferometric modulator of 7C exploded view 5 and the xsect of displaceable layers, its graphic extension material stacking.

In Fig. 8 exploded view 5, illustrated interferometric modulator and voltage source schematically shows.

Fig. 9 A shows the example of the xsect of Simulation with I MOD (AIMOD).

Fig. 9 B shows according to the example of the xsect of the Simulation with I MOD of another embodiment (AIMOD).

Figure 10 graphic extension is for the color space through stack colour gamut that has of RGB parallelepipedon and Simulation with I MOD.

Figure 11 is the process flow diagram that is illustrated in an operation embodiment of the method that shows final color on electronic console, and each display element of wherein said display can show one group of primary color.

Figure 12 is graphic extension for showing the block diagram of an embodiment of equipment of final color on the electronic console showing one group of primary color.

Figure 13 is illustrated in the process flow diagram that shows another embodiment of the method for final color on electronic console, and each display element of wherein said display can show one group of primary color.

How the embodiment that Figure 14 is illustrated in the method that shows final color on the electronic console that can show one group of primary color can operate.

Figure 15 A, 15B and 15C are illustrated in the Perl programming language simulation of the method described in Figure 13 and Figure 14 and an exemplary embodiment of output.

Figure 16 is illustrated in the process flow diagram that shows another embodiment of the method for final color on the electronic console that can show one group of primary color.

Figure 17 is illustrated in the process flow diagram that shows another embodiment of the method for final color on the electronic console that can show one group of primary color.

Figure 18 A graphic extension utilizes an embodiment that is configured to the multiple IMOD that show different color of arrangement located adjacent one another.

Figure 18 B is the data flowchart of the method for driving three IMOD.

Figure 19 A graphic extension produces an embodiment of the Simulation with I MOD of continuous colour gamut.

Figure 19 B is the data flowchart that drives the method for analog modulator (illustrated analog modulator in Figure 19 A for instance).

Figure 20 is graphic extension for being the process flow diagram for an embodiment of the method for the driving instruction of the first display device by the driving instruction transformation for multiple display device.

Figure 21 is the process flow diagram of an embodiment of graphic extension error diffusion process.

Figure 22 is the process flow diagram of another embodiment of graphic extension error diffusion process.

The example of the system chart of the display device that Figure 23 A and 23B displaying graphic extension comprise multiple interferometric modulators.

In each is graphic, similar Ref. No. and the similar element of sign instruction.

Embodiment

Below describe in detail for describing the object of novelty aspect and be directed to some embodiment.But, can multitude of different ways apply teaching herein.Described embodiment can be configured to show no matter image (in motion (is for example, video) or static (for example, rest image), and be no matter text, figure or picture) arbitrary device in implement.More particularly, the present invention's expection: described embodiment may be implemented in following multiple electronic installation or can be associated with described electronic installation: for example (but being not limited to), mobile phone, there is the cellular phone of multimedia the Internet-enabled, mobile TV receiver, wireless device, smart phone, blue-tooth device, personal digital assistant (PDA), push mail receiver, hand-held or portable computer, net book, notebook, intelligence originally, flat computer, printer, duplicating machine, scanner, facsimile unit, gps receiver/omniselector, camera, MP3 player, Video Camera, game console, wrist-watch, clock and watch, counter, TV monitor, flat-panel monitor, electronic reading device (electronic reader), computer monitor, automotive displays (for example, mileometer display etc.), driving cabin control piece and/or display, camera view display (for example, the display of the rear view camera of vehicle), electronic photo, electronics billboard or label, projector, building structure, micro-wave oven, refrigerator, stereophonic sound system, cassette recorder or player, DVD player, CD Player, VCR, wireless device, pocket memory chip, washing machine, dryer, washer/dryer, parking meter, encapsulation (for example, Mechatronic Systems (EMS), MEMS and non-MEMS application), aesthetic structures (for example, the image display on a jewelry) and multiple Mechatronic Systems device.Teaching herein also can be used in non-display application, for example (but being not limited to): the inertia assembly of electronic switching device, radio-frequency filter, sensor, accelerometer, gyroscope, motion sensing apparatus, magnetometer, consumer electronics, parts, varactor, liquid-crystal apparatus, electrophoretic apparatus, drive scheme, manufacturing process and the electronic test equipment of consumer electronic product.Therefore, described teaching is not intended to limit the embodiment being only depicted in each figure, but has those skilled in the art by the broad applicability easily understanding.

Various embodiments comprise the method and apparatus that utilizes color interpolation to produce the visually perception colour gamut larger than the colour gamut that can be shown by the reflection color spectrum conventionally being produced by interferometric devices.Due to physical property and optical property and these colors that produced by interferometric devices physics also referred to as primary color.These method and apparatus can make it possible to show the photograph quality image that conventionally can not use primary color to produce by these display device.In addition the method disclosing, is by making display can utilize the larger of the primary color of IMOD to select the while still can produce the dirigibility that (demonstration) photograph quality image provides display manufacturing and parts to select.

Can implement the particular of subject matter described in the present invention to realize one or many person in following potential advantage.For instance, in the time that display uses analog interferometric modulator, the particular of subject matter described herein can realize the display having by the larger colour gamut of Human Perception.Compared with for example using the conventional art of redness, green and blue subpixels time, the number that other embodiment can be used for the display element of realizing specific colour gamut by minimizing causes cost, size or the weight of display to reduce.

Described embodiment applicable to applicable EMS or the example of MEMS device be reflective display.Reflective display can be incorporated to useful so that optionally absorb and/or reflect interference of light formula modulator (IMOD) incident thereon with principle of optical interference.IMOD can comprise absorber, the reverberator that can move with respect to described absorber and be defined in described absorber and described reverberator between optical resonant cavity.Described reverberator is movable to two or more diverse locations, the reflectance that this can change the size of optical resonant cavity and affect whereby described interferometric modulator.The reflectance spectrum of IMOD can form the quite wide band that can cross over visible wavelength and be shifted to produce different color.Can adjust by changing the thickness (, by changing the position of reverberator) of optical resonant cavity the position of band.

Figure 1A and 1B show the example of the isometric view of the pixel of describing interferometric modulator (IMOD) display device in two different conditions.Described IMOD display device comprises one or more interfere type MEMS display element.In these devices, the pixel of MEMS display element can be in bright or dark state.In bright (" relaxing ", " opening " or " connection ") state, most of incident visible ray reflexed to (for example) user by described display element.On the contrary, in dark (" activation ", " closing " or " shutoff ") state, the very few incident visible ray of described display element reflection.In some embodiments, can reverse and connect and the light reflectance properties of off state.MEMS pixel can be configured to mainly under specific wavelength, reflect, and shows thereby allow also to carry out colour except black and white.

IMOD display device can comprise row/column IMOD array.Each IMOD can comprise a pair of reflection horizon, that is, removable reflection horizon and fixed part reflection horizon, described to reflection horizon to position to form air gap (being also called optical gap or chamber) at a distance of variable and controlled distance each other.Described removable reflection horizon can be moved between at least two positions.In primary importance (, slack position), removable reflection horizon can be positioned the distance relatively large apart from fixed part reflection horizon.In the second place (, active position), removable reflection horizon can more be close to partially reflecting layer and locate.Depend on the position in removable reflection horizon, from the incident light of two layers reflection can grow mutually or mutually the mode of disappearing interfere, thereby produce mass reflex or the non-reflective state of each pixel.In some embodiments, IMOD can when activating in reflective condition, thereby be reflected in the light in visible spectrum, and can when activating in dark state, thereby absorb and/or interfere the light in visible range in the mode of disappearing mutually.But, in some of the other embodiments, IMOD can without activate time in dark state and through activate time in reflective condition.In some embodiments, introducing the voltage that applies can drive pixel to change state.In some of the other embodiments, the electric charge that applies can drive pixel to change state.

The pixel of describing in Figure 1A and 1B is described two different conditions of IMOD12.In the IMOD12 of Figure 1A, by removable reflection horizon 14 be illustrated as in apart from the Optical stack 16 preset distance places that comprise partially reflecting layer in slack position.Apply voltage owing to not crossing over IMOD12 in Figure 1A, therefore removable reflection horizon 14 remain in through lax or without state of activation in.In the IMOD12 of Figure 1B, by removable reflection horizon 14 be illustrated as in be adjacent to Optical stack 16 in active position.In Figure 1B, cross over the voltage V that IMOD12 applies _actuatebe enough to removable reflection horizon 14 to be activated to through active position.

In Fig. 1, be incident in the light in pixel 12 and the arrow of the light 15 that reflects from the pixel 12 in left side 13 reflectivity properties of graphic extension pixels 12 substantially by instruction.Those skilled in the art will easily recognize, the major part that is incident in the light 13 in pixel 12 will be through transparent substrates 20 towards Optical stack 16 transmissions.A part that is incident in the light in Optical stack 16 is passed transmission the partially reflecting layer of Optical stack 16, and a part will back reflect through transparent substrates 20.The transmission of light 13 will back be reflected towards (and passing) transparent substrates 20 at 14 places, removable reflection horizon through the part of Optical stack 16.To determine the wavelength of the light 15 that reflect from pixel 12 from the interference between the partially reflecting layer light reflecting and the light reflecting from removable reflection horizon 14 of Optical stack 16 (long property or destructive mutually).

Optical stack 16 can comprise single layer or several layer.Described layer can comprise one or many person in electrode layer, part reflection and part transmission layer and transparency dielectric layer.In some embodiments, Optical stack 16 is conduction, partially transparent and part reflection, and can (for instance) by depositing in transparent substrates 20 and make with one or many person in upper strata.Described electrode layer can be formed by multiple material, for example various metals, for instance, tin indium oxide (ITO).The material that described partially reflecting layer can be reflected by multiple part forms, for example various metals, for example chromium (Cr), semiconductor and dielectric.Described partially reflecting layer can be formed by one or more material layer, and each in described layer can being combined to form by homogenous material or material.In some embodiments, Optical stack 16 can comprise metal or the semiconductor of single translucent thickness, its serve as optical absorber and conductor both, more conductive layers that (for example other structure of Optical stack 16 or IMOD) is different simultaneously or part are used between IMOD pixel transports signal.Optical stack 16 also can comprise one or more insulation course or the dielectric layer that cover one or more conductive layer or conduction/optical absorbing layer.

In some embodiments, lower electrode 16 is each pixel place ground connection.In some embodiments, this can be by depositing on substrate and at the periphery place of institute's sedimentary deposit whole thin slice ground connection realized stacking continuous optical 16.In some embodiments, can be for example, by the material of highly conductive and reflection (aluminium (A1)) for removable reflection horizon 14.Removable reflection horizon 14 can be formed as being deposited on post 18 and be deposited on one or some metal levels on the top of the intervention expendable material between post 18.In the time etching away described expendable material, can between removable reflection horizon 14 and Optical stack 16, form through defining gap 19 or optics cavity.In some embodiments, the interval between post 18 can be roughly 1um to 1000um, and gap 19 can roughly be less than 10,000 dusts

In some embodiments, each pixel of IMOD (no matter be in through state of activation or through relaxed state) capacitor that fixing and mobile reflection horizon forms of substantially all serving as reasons.In the time not applying voltage, removable reflection horizon 14a remains in mechanical relaxation state, as illustrated in the pixel 12 in Figure 1A, wherein between removable reflection horizon 14 and Optical stack 16, has gap 19.For example, but in the time potential difference (PD) (, voltage) being applied to at least one in removable reflection horizon 14 and Optical stack 16, the capacitor forming at respective pixel place becomes and is charged, and electrostatic force is moved electrode together to.If the voltage that applies exceedes threshold value, near so removable reflection horizon 14 deformables and Optical stack 16 or mobile with described Optical stack with offseting.Dielectric layer in Optical stack 16 (not showing) can prevent the separating distance between short circuit and key-course 14 and 16, illustrated through activation pixel 12 as in Figure 1B.No matter the polarity of the potential difference (PD) that applies how, behavior is all identical.Although a series of pixels in array can be called to " OK " or " row " in some instances, those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that, a direction is called to " OK " and other direction is called to " row " is arbitrarily.Reaffirm, in some orientations, row can be considered as to row, and row are considered as to row.In addition, display element can be arranged to orthogonal row and row (" array ") equably, or is arranged to nonlinear configurations, for instance, relative to each other has some position skew (" mosaic block ").Term " array " and " mosaic block " can refer to arbitrary configuration.Therefore, comprise " array " or " mosaic block " although display is called, in arbitrary example, element itself does not need to arrange orthogonally or be positioned to and is uniformly distributed, but can comprise the layout with asymmetric shape and uneven distribution element.

In some embodiments, the Optical stack 16 in the IMOD of a series of or array can be served as common electrode, and it is provided to common voltage a side of the IMOD of display device.Removable reflection horizon 14 can be formed as the separate board array with (for instance) matrix arrangement, as described further below.Can be to separate board for being applied to the voltage signal that drives IMOD.

Can change widely according to the details of the structure of the interferometric modulator of the operate above stated.For instance, the removable reflection horizon 14 of each IMOD only around the corner (for instance, on tethers) be attached to support member.As demonstrated in Figure 3, the reflection horizon 14 of smooth relative stiffness can hang from deformable layer 34, and deformable layer 34 can be formed by flexible metal.This framework is allowed for the dynamo-electric aspect of modulator and the structural design of optics aspect and material and is selected independently of one another and plays a role.Therefore, structural design and the material in reflection horizon 14 can be used for about optical property optimization, and structural design and the material of deformable layer 34 can be used for about wanted engineering properties optimization.For instance, reflection horizon 14 parts can be aluminium, and deformable layer 34 parts can be nickel.Deformable layer 34 can be connected to directly or indirectly substrate 20 around the circumference of deformable layer 34.These connections can form support column 18.

In the embodiment of the embodiment of showing in for example Figure 1A and 1B, IMOD serves as direct-view device, wherein watches image from the front side (, the side relative with the side that is furnished with modulator on it) of transparent substrates 20.In these embodiments, can be to the back portion of described device (, arbitrary part after removable reflection horizon 14 of described display device, for instance, comprise deformable layer illustrated in Fig. 3 34) be configured and operate and do not affect or affect negatively the picture quality of display device, because those parts of installing described in 14 optics shieldings of reflection horizon.For instance, in some embodiments, can comprise bus structure (not graphic extension) below in removable reflection horizon 14, it provides the ability that the optical property of modulator for example, is separated with the electromechanical property (movement that voltage addressing and thus addressing produce) of modulator.

Fig. 2 shows that graphic extension is used for the example of the schematic circuit of the driving circuit array 200 of optical MEMS display device.Driving circuit array 200 can be used for implementing for view data being provided to the display element D of array of display subassembly ₁₁to D _mnactive array addressing scheme.

Driving circuit array 200 comprises data driver 210, gate drivers 220, the first data line DL1 to m data line DLm, first grid polar curve GL1 to n gate lines G Ln and switch or commutation circuit S ₁₁to S _mnarray.Data line DL1 extends from data driver 210 to each in DLm, and is electrically connected to the switch S of respective column ₁₁to S _1n, S ₂₁to S _2n..., S _m1to S _mn.Gate lines G L1 extends from gate drivers 220 to each in GLn, and is electrically connected to the switch S of corresponding line ₁₁to S _m1, S ₁₂to S _m2..., S _1nto S _mn.Switch S ₁₁to S _mnbe electrically coupled to data line DL1 to one and display element D in DLm ₁₁to D _mnin corresponding one between and receive switch-over control signal to the one in GLn from gate drivers 220 via gate lines G L1.Switch S ₁₁to S _mnbe illustrated as single FET transistor, but it can take various ways, for example pair transistor transmission gate (for the electric current along both direction) or even mechanical mems switch.

Data driver 210 can receive view data and can basis, view data be provided to switch S to DLm line by line with the form of voltage signal via data line DL1 from outside display ₁₁to S _mn.Gate drivers 220 can be by the display element D of connection and particular row ₁₁to D _m1, D ₁₂to D _m2..., D _1nto D _mnthe switch S being associated ₁₁to S _m1, S ₁₂to S _m2..., S _1nto S _mnselect the display element D of select row ₁₁to D _m1, D ₁₂to D _m2..., D _1nto D _mn.When the switch S of connecting in select row ₁₁to S _m1, S ₁₂to S _m2..., S _1nto S _mntime, be passed to the display element D of select row from the view data of data driver 210 ₁₁to D _m1, D ₁₂to D _m2..., D _1nto D _mn.

During operation, gate drivers 220 can be provided to the switch S in select row to the one in GLn by voltage signal via gate lines G L1 ₁₁to S _mngrid, turn on-switch S whereby ₁₁to S _mn.At data driver 210, view data is provided to all data line DL1 after DLm, the switch S of select row ₁₁to S _mncan be through connecting view data is provided to the display element D of select row ₁₁to D _m1, D ₁₂to D _m2..., D _1nto D _mn, show whereby the part of image.For instance, can will be set as (for example) 10 volts (can be plus or minus) with the data line DL in row, the pixel being activated being associated, and can will be set as (for example) 0 volt with the data line DL in described row, d/d pixel being associated.Then, conclude the gate lines G L of given row, thereby connect the switch in described row, and selected data line voltage is applied to each pixel of described row.This makes be applied with the pixel charging of 10 volts and activate, and makes be applied with the pixel electric discharge of 0 volt and discharge.Then, can stopcock S ₁₁to S _mn.Display element D ₁₁to D _m1, D ₁₂to D _m2..., D _1nto D _mncan keep view data, because will be kept in the time that described switch turn-offs through the electric charge activating in pixel, only have some leakages through insulator and off state switch.In general, this leaks enough low view data is remained in pixel until another group data are only written to described behavior.Can be to each these step of row repetition subsequently, until selected all row and only view data has been provided to described behavior.In the embodiment of Fig. 2, lower electrode 16 is each pixel place ground connection.In some embodiments, this can be by depositing on substrate and at the periphery place of institute's sedimentary deposit whole thin slice ground connection realized stacking continuous optical 16.Fig. 3 is the example of the schematic part xsect of an embodiment of the structure of the driving circuit of graphic extension Fig. 2 and the display element that is associated.

Fig. 3 shows the example of the schematic part xsect of an embodiment of the structure of the driving circuit of graphic extension Fig. 2 and the display element that is associated.The part 201 of driving circuit array 200 is included in the switch S at secondary series and the second row place ₂₂and the display element D that is associated ₂₂.In illustrated embodiment, switch S ₂₂comprise transistor 80.Other switch in driving circuit array 200 can have and switch S ₂₂identical configuration.

Fig. 3 also comprises a part for array of display subassembly 110 and a part for backboard 120.The display element D that the described part of array of display subassembly 110 comprises Fig. 2 ₂₂.Display element D ₂₂the cross tie part 126 of a part, a part that is formed at the Optical stack 16 on front substrate 20 that comprises front substrate 20, one or more assembly that is formed at the support member 18 in Optical stack 16, the travelling electrode 14/34 being supported by support member 18 and travelling electrode 14/34 is electrically connected to backboard 120.

The second data line DL2 and the switch S in backboard 120 that be embedded in that the described part of backboard 120 comprises Fig. 2 ₂₂.The described part of backboard 120 also comprises the first cross tie part 128 and the second cross tie part 124 that are embedded at least in part wherein.The second data line DL2 in fact horizontal-extending passes backboard 120.Switch S ₂₂comprise transistor 80, transistor 80 have source electrode 82, drain electrode 84, source electrode 82 with drain raceway groove 86 between 84 and overlie the grid 88 on raceway groove 86.Transistor 80 can be thin film transistor (TFT) (TFT) or mos field effect transistor (MOSFET).The grid of transistor 80 can be formed by the gate lines G L2 that extends through backboard 120 perpendicular to data line DL2.The first cross tie part 128 is electrically coupled to the second data line DL2 the source electrode 82 of transistor 80.

Transistor 80 is coupled to display element D via one or more through hole 160 through backboard 120 ₂₂.Through hole 160 is filled with conductive material so that assembly (the display element D for instance, of array of display subassembly 110 to be provided ₂₂) and the assembly of backboard 120 between be electrically connected.In illustrated embodiment, the second cross tie part 124 forms through through hole 160, and the drain electrode of transistor 80 84 is electrically coupled to array of display subassembly 110.Backboard 120 also can comprise one or more insulation course 129 of the aforementioned components electrical isolation that makes driving circuit array 200.

As demonstrated in Figure 3, display element D ₂₂can be interferometric modulator, it has the second terminal that is coupled to the first terminal of transistor 80 and is coupled to the common electrode of at least part of formation that can be by Optical stack 16.The Optical stack 16 of Fig. 3 is illustrated as three layers: top dielectric layer as described above, above also describe center section reflection horizon (for example chromium) and the lower layer that comprises transparent conductor (for example tin indium oxide (ITO)).Described common electrode is formed by ITO layer and can be coupled to ground connection at the periphery place of display.

The example of the decomposition part skeleton view of Fig. 4 display optics MEMS display device 30, described optical MEMS display device has interferometric modulator array and has the backboard that embeds circuit.Display device 30 comprises array of display subassembly 110 and backboard 120.In some embodiments, array of display subassembly 110 and backboard 120 can be pre-formed individually before being attached to together.In some of the other embodiments, display device 30 can any applicable mode be made, for example, by the assembly via being deposited on array of display subassembly 110 tops formation backboards 120.

Array of display subassembly 110 can comprise front substrate 20, Optical stack 16, support member 18, travelling electrode 14 and cross tie part 126.Backboard 120 comprises the back board module 122 being embedded at least in part wherein, and one or more backplane interconnect part 124.

The successive layers in fact of at least array area of substrate 20 before the Optical stack 16 of array of display subassembly 110 can be and covers.Optical stack 16 can comprise the transparency conducting layer in fact that is electrically connected to ground connection.Travelling electrode 14/34 can be the separate board for example, with () square or rectangular shape.Travelling electrode 14/34 can matrix arrangement, makes the part of each the formed display element in travelling electrode 14/34.In the embodiment of Fig. 4, travelling electrode 14/34 is supported four corners by support member 18.

Each in the cross tie part 126 of array of display subassembly 110 is for being electrically coupled to one or more back board module 122 by the corresponding one of travelling electrode 14/34.In illustrated embodiment, the cross tie part 126 of array of display subassembly 110 extends from travelling electrode 14/34, and through locating with contact backplane interconnect part 124.In another embodiment, the cross tie part 126 of array of display subassembly 110 can be embedded in support member 18 at least in part, exposes by the top surface of support member 18 simultaneously.In this embodiment, backplane interconnect part 124 can be through location with the cross tie part 126 of contact array of display subassembly 110 through expose portion.In yet another embodiment, backplane interconnect part 124 may extend into and be electrically connected to travelling electrode 14 and the unactual travelling electrode 14 that is attached to, the cross tie part 126 of for example Fig. 4.

Except bistable state interferometric modulator as described above (it has through relaxed state and through state of activation), interferometric modulator also can have multiple states through design.For instance, analog interferometric modulator (AIMOD) can have a color state range.In an AIMOD embodiment, single interference formula modulator can be activated into (for example) red status, green state, blue color states, black state or white states.Therefore, single interference formula modulator can be configured and have the various states wherein on the spectrum of broad range with different light reflectance properties.The Optical stack of AIMOD can be different from bistable display element as described above.These differences can produce different optical results.For instance, in bistable element as described above, closed condition is given bistable element black reflection state.But when in the position of closed condition of electrode in being similar to bistable element, analog interferometric modulator can have white reflective condition.

Fig. 5 shows the xsect of the interferometric modulator with two fixed beds and the 3rd displaceable layers.Specifically, Fig. 5 shows the embodiment of analog interferometric modulator, described analog interferometric modulator there is the first fixed bed 802, the second fixed bed 804 and be positioned the first fixed bed 802 and the second fixed bed 804 between the 3rd displaceable layers 806.Each comprised electrode or other conductive material in layer 802,804 and 806.For instance, ground floor 802 can comprise the plate being made of metal.Each in layer 802,804 and 806 can be strengthened with the enhancement Layer forming or be deposited on equivalent layer.In one embodiment, described enhancement Layer comprises dielectric.Enhancement Layer can be used for making its layer being attached to keep rigidity and smooth in fact.Some embodiments of modulator 800 can be called three terminal interferometric modulators.

Three layers 802,804 and 806 are by insulated column 810 electrical isolations.The 3rd displaceable layers 806 hangs from insulated column 810.The 3rd displaceable layers 806 is configured to distortion, makes the 3rd displaceable layers 806 can be along cardinal principle upward direction towards ground floor 802 displacements, or can be along cardinal principle downward direction towards the second layer 804 displacements.In some embodiments, ground floor 802 also can be called top layer or top electrodes.In some embodiments, the second layer 804 also can be called bottom layer or bottom electrode.Interferometric modulator 800 can be supported by substrate 820.

In Fig. 5, by solid line, the 3rd displaceable layers 806 is illustrated as in equilibrium position.As illustrated in Fig. 5, can between ground floor 802 and the second layer 804, apply fixed voltage poor.In this embodiment, by voltage V ₀be applied to layer 802 and make layer 804 ground connection.If by variable voltage V _mbe applied to the 3rd displaceable layers 806, so at described voltage V _mapproach V ₀time, the 3rd displaceable layers 806 will be by towards pulling through ground plane 804 static.At described voltage V _mwhile approaching ground connection, the 3rd displaceable layers 806 will be pulled towards layer 802 static.If by the voltage of the midpoint at these two voltages (V in this embodiment, ₀/ 2) be applied to the 3rd displaceable layers 806, the 3rd displaceable layers 806 will be maintained in its equilibrium position of indicating by solid line in Fig. 5 so.By the variable voltage between the voltage on outer 802 and 804 is applied to the 3rd displaceable layers 806, the 3rd displaceable layers 806 can be positioned to the position of wanting between outer 802 and 804, thereby produces desired optic response.Voltage difference V between described skin ₀can be depending on the material of device and structure and change widely, and in many embodiments can be at approximately 5 volts in the scope of 20 volts.Also it may be noted that along with the 3rd displaceable layers 806 moves away from this equilibrium position, it will be out of shape or be bending.In this distortion or curved configuration, spring force makes the 3rd displaceable layers 806 towards equilibrium position mechanical bias.This mechanical force is also facilitated in the time that voltage V is put on to the 3rd displaceable layers 806 place its final location.

The 3rd displaceable layers 806 can comprise mirror to reflect the light that enters interferometric modulator 800 by substrate 820.Described mirror can comprise metal material.The second layer 804 can comprise and partially absorbs material, makes the second layer 804 serve as absorption layer.Watching from the side of substrate 820 from the light time of mirror reflection, beholder can be perceived as a certain color by institute's reflected light.By adjusting the position of the 3rd displaceable layers 806, optionally reflect the light of some wavelength.

Fig. 6 shows that graphic extension is used for the example of the schematic circuit of the driving circuit array of the optics EMS display device of the structure with Fig. 5.The structure of the use bistable state interferometric modulator of overall device and Fig. 2 is shared many similaritys.But, as demonstrated in Figure 6, for each display element provides extra upper layer 802.This upper layer 802 can be deposited on the bottom side of the backboard 120 of showing in Fig. 3 and 4, and can have the voltage V that is applied to it ₀.These embodiments are to be similar to above to drive with reference to the mode of figure 2 described modes, only can be placed in V to the voltage on DLn by being provided in data line DL1 ₀and the voltage place of the scope between ground connection, but not the one place in two different voltages only.In this way, when when asserting that the gate line of a line writes described particular row, the 3rd displaceable layers 806 of the display element along described row can be placed in to any specific the wanted position between upper layer and lower layer independently of one another.

In Fig. 7 A and 7B in illustrated embodiment, the each self-contained material stacks of the 3rd displaceable layers 806 and the second layer 804.For instance, the 3rd displaceable layers 806 comprises silicon oxynitride (SiON), Solder for Al-Cu Joint Welding (AlCu) and titania (TiO ₂) stacking.For instance, the second layer 804 comprises silicon oxynitride (SiON), aluminium oxide (Al ₂o ₃), molybdenum-chromium (MoCr) and silicon dioxide (SiO ₂) stacking.

In illustrated embodiment, the 3rd displaceable layers 806 comprises the SiON substrate 1002 that deposits AlCu layer 1004a on it.In this embodiment, AlCu layer 1004a conduction and can be used as electrode.In some embodiments, AlCu layer 1004 is light cremasteric reflex incident thereon.In some embodiments, SiON substrate 1002 is for roughly 500nm is thick, and AlCu layer 1004a is for roughly 50nm is thick.TiO ₂it is upper that layer 1006a is deposited on AlCu layer 1004a, and in some embodiments, TiO ₂layer 1006a is for roughly 26nm is thick.SiON layer 1008a is deposited on TiO ₂layer 1006a is upper, and in some embodiments, SiON layer 1008a is for roughly 52m is thick.TiO ₂the refractive index of layer 1006a is greater than the refractive index of SiON layer 1008a.Form in this way the material stacks with high index of refraction alternately and low-refraction and can cause and be incident in described light on stacking and be reflected, serve as in fact whereby mirror.

As visible in Fig. 7 B, in some embodiments, the 3rd displaceable layers 806 can comprise extra AlCu layer 1004b, extra TiO ₂layer 1006b and extra SiON layer 1008b, its be formed at SiON substrate 1002 with AlCu layer 1004a, TiO ₂in layer 1006a and the relative side of SiON layer 1008a.Forming layer 1004b, 1006b and 1008b can add weight in the 3rd displaceable layers 806 in each side of SiON substrate 1002 roughly equally, and this can be increased in positional accuracy and the stability of the 3rd displaceable layers 806 while making the 3rd displaceable layers 806 translation.In this type of embodiment, can between AlCu layer 1004a and 1004b, form through hole 1009 or other is electrically connected, make the voltage of two AlCu layer 1004a and 1004b will keep equal in fact.In this way, when voltage is applied in these two layers one time, the another one in these two layers will receive identical voltage.Can between AlCu layer 1004a and 1004b, form extra through hole (not showing).

In Fig. 7 A, in illustrated embodiment, the second layer 804 comprises the SiO that is formed with MoCr layer 1012 on it ₂substrate 1010.In this embodiment, MoCr layer 1012 can serve as the discharge layer in order to institute's stored charge is discharged, and can be coupled to transistor optionally to realize described electric discharge.MoCr layer 1012 also can serve as optical absorber.In some embodiments, MoCr layer 1012 is for roughly 5nm is thick.Al ₂o ₃layer 1014 is formed on MoCr layer 1012, and a certain reflectance of light incident thereon can be provided, and also can serve as and transport layer in some embodiments.In some embodiments, Al ₂o ₃layer 1014 is for roughly 9nm is thick.One or more SiON stop part 1016a and 1016b can be formed at Al ₂o ₃on the surface of layer 1014.These stop parts 1016 mechanically prevent that the 3rd displaceable layers 806 from contacting the Al of the second layer 804 in the 3rd displaceable layers 806 during towards the second layer 804 complete deflection ₂o ₃layer 1014.This can reduce the viscous of device and withhold (snap-in).In addition, electrode layer 1018 can be formed at SiO ₂on substrate 1010, as demonstrated in Figure 7.Electrode layer 1018 can comprise any number transparent in fact conductive material, and wherein tin indium oxide is a kind of material that is applicable to.

Because layer 802 illustrated in Fig. 7 C has optics and the mechanical requirement that seldom it must be satisfied, therefore it can simple structure be made.This layer can comprise AlCu conductive layer 1030 and insulation Al ₂o ₃layer 1032.As layer 804, can be at Al ₂o ₃on the surface of layer 1032, form one or more SiON stop part 1036a and 1036b.

In Fig. 8 exploded view 5, illustrated interferometric modulator and voltage source schematically shows.In this schematic diagram, modulator is coupled to voltage source V ₀and V _m.Be understood by those skilled in the art that, the gap between ground floor 802 and the 3rd displaceable layers 806 forms the capacitor C with variable capacitance ₁, and gap between the 3rd displaceable layers 806 and the second layer 804 forms the capacitor C also with variable capacitance ₂.Therefore, in Fig. 8 in illustrated schematically showing, voltage source V ₀cross over the variable condenser C of series coupled ₁and C ₂connect, and voltage source V _mbe connected in two variable condenser C ₁and C ₂between.

But, for many configurations of interferometric modulator 800, use as described above voltage source V ₀and V _mthe relation between the voltage of interferometric modulator 800 and the position of the 3rd displaceable layers 806 of being applied to the 3rd displaceable layers 806 is driven into diverse location exactly and can be difficulty, because can be nonlinearity.In addition, by identical voltage V _mthe displaceable layers that is applied to different interferometric modulators can not cause corresponding displaceable layers to move to respect to the top layer of each modulator and the same position of bottom layer due to manufacturing variation (variation in thickness or the Flexible change of middle layer 806 on whole display surface for instance).As discussed above, because the position of displaceable layers will determine from interferometric modulator to reflect which kind of color, it is favourable therefore can detecting the position of displaceable layers and displaceable layers is driven into wanted position exactly.

Fig. 9 A and 9B show the example of the xsect of Simulation with I MOD (AIMOD).With reference to figure 9A, AIMOD900 comprises substrate 912 and is placed in the Optical stack 904 of substrate 912 tops.Described AIMOD comprises the first electrode 910 and the second electrode 902 (as illustrated, the first electrode 910 is lower electrode, and the second electrode 902 is upper electrode).AIMOD900 also comprises the removable reflection horizon 906 being placed between the first electrode 910 and the second electrode 902.In some embodiments, Optical stack 904 comprises absorption layer and/or multiple other layer.In some embodiments, and in Fig. 9 A in illustrated example, Optical stack 904 comprises the first electrode 910 that is configured to absorption layer.In this configuration, absorption layer (the first electrode 910) can be the roughly 6nm material layer that comprises MoCr.In some embodiments, absorption layer (, the first electrode 910) can be the material layer that comprises MoCr, has the thickness in from 2nm roughly to the scope of 10nm.

Still, with reference to figure 9A, reflection horizon 906 can possess electric charge.Once described reflection horizon is configured to be charged and just move towards the first electrode 910 or the second electrode 902 in the time voltage being put between the first electrode 910 and the second electrode 902.In this way, reflection horizon 906 can be driven through the position of the scope between two electrodes 902 and 910, be included in through lax (without activating) above state and below.For instance, Fig. 9 A graphic extension reflection horizon 906 can be moved to the various positions 930,932 and 934 and 936 between the first electrode 910 and the second electrode 902.

AIMOD900 can be configured to depend on the configuration of AIMOD and the light that optionally reflects some wavelength.Distance between the first electrode 910 (in this embodiment, it serves as absorption layer) and reflection horizon 906 changes the reflectivity properties of AIMOD900.In the time that the distance between reflection horizon 906 and absorption layer (the first electrode 910) makes the minimum light intensity of standing wave of the interference generation of absorption layer (the first electrode 910) between the light reflecting by incident light and from reflection horizon 906, farthest reflect any specific wavelength from AIMOD900.For instance, as illustrated, AIMOD900 through design with substrate 912 sides (by substrate 912) from AIMOD viewed to, light enters AIMOD900 by substrate 912.Depend on the position in reflection horizon 906, the light by substrate 912 toward back reflective different wave length, this provides the outward appearance of different color.These different colors are also referred to as primary color.

One (some) displaceable layers of display element (for example, AIMOD) are making its location of reflecting the position of a certain or some wavelength can be described as show state.For instance, in the time that reflection horizon 906 is in position 930, with the light of larger proportion reflection Red wavelength, and absorb the light of other wavelength with larger proportion compared with redness compared with other wavelength.Therefore, AIMOD900 is revealed as redness and is called in red display state (or being called for short red status).Similarly, in the time that reflection horizon 906 moves to position 932 (wherein compared with other wavelength with the light of larger proportion reflection green wavelength and absorb the light of other wavelength compared with green with larger proportion), AIMOD900 is in green show state (or green state).In the time that reflection horizon 906 moves to position 934, AIMOD900 in blue show state (or blue color states), and compared with other wavelength with the light of larger proportion reflection blue wavelength, and absorb the light of other wavelength with larger proportion compared with blueness.In the time that reflection horizon 906 moves to position 936, AIMOD900 is the light of the wavelength of the broad range in reflect visible light spectrum in white displays state (or white states) and in fact, make AIMOD900 be revealed as " grey " or " silver color " in some cases, and there is low total reflection (or illumination) in the time using naked solid metal reflector.In some cases, the dielectric layer that can be placed on solid metal reflector by interpolation is realized total reflection (or illumination) of increase, but depends on 936 accurate location, reflect color pigmentable and have blueness, green or yellow.In some embodiments, being configured to produce in the position 936 of white states, the distance between reflection horizon 906 and the first electrode 910 is between about 0nm and 20nm.Should note, those skilled in the art will easily recognize, AIMOD900 can present different conditions and the position based on reflection horizon 906 and the material that also uses in the structure based at AIMOD900 (the various layers in Optical stack 904 in particular) and optionally reflect the light of other wavelength.

AIMOD900 in Fig. 9 A has two structure chambeies: the second chamber 916 between the first 914Ji reflection horizon, chamber 906 and the second electrode 902 between reflection horizon 906 and Optical stack 904.But, due to reflection horizon 906 be reflectivity but not radioparent, therefore light is not propagated through reflection horizon 906 and is entered into the second chamber 916.The color of the light being reflected by AIMOD900 in addition, and/or intensity are determined by the distance between reflection horizon 906 and absorption layer (the first electrode 910).Therefore, in Fig. 9 A, illustrated AIMOD900 has an interfere type (absorption) chamber 914.By contrast, the second chamber 916 is not interfere type.

Fig. 9 B shows according to the example of the xsect of the Simulation with I MOD of another embodiment (AIMOD).AIMOD950 comprises reflection horizon 952, described reflection horizon be positioned in Optical stack 956 also for above the first electrode 954 of absorption layer, Optical stack 956 can comprise the dielectric layer 958 and 960 that is positioned the first electrode 954 tops and below.958 can comprise one with upper strata; Equally, 960 also can comprise one with upper strata.In some embodiments, and in Fig. 9 B in illustrated example, reflection horizon 952 can be used as the second electrode.In some of the other embodiments, can be below reflection horizon 952 or above form single electrode structure.In some embodiments, reflection horizon 952 can comprise aluminium (Al).In some of the other embodiments, can use different reflecting materials.Optical stack 956 also can comprise the not absorption layer of electrode, and/or multiple other layer.In some embodiments, and in Fig. 9 B in illustrated example, the first electrode 954 is configured to absorption layer.For instance, described absorption layer can be the 6nm material layer that comprises MoCr.Reflection horizon 952 can be coated with one or more dielectric layer 962 being positioned between reflection horizon 952 and Optical stack 956.The function of dielectric layer 962 is to the first zero-bit of setting up standing wave in the chamber of 20nm at the about 0nm in the surface apart from dielectric layer 962.Dielectric layer 962 is also through designing the separation of the first zero-bit to reduce different wave length to improve the brightness of white states.Reflection horizon 952 can be installed on mechanical layer 964, and mechanical layer 964 is attached to again hinge 968.Hinge 968 is connected to again post 966 on the either side of mechanical layer 964.Hinge 968 provides the support to mechanical layer 964, reflection horizon 952 and dielectric layer 962, still permits these layers simultaneously and applies voltage and move in response to the institute between the first electrode 954 and reflection horizon 952 (it can serve as the second electrode 952).

Continue with reference to figure 9B, reflection horizon 952 can possess electric charge.Charged and just moved towards the first electrode 954 that is connected to ground connection once described reflection horizon is configured.In this way, reflection horizon 952 can be driven through the position with respect to a scope of the first electrode 954.For instance, Fig. 9 B graphic extension reflection horizon 952 can be moved to the various positions 970,972,974,976 and 978 with respect to the first electrode 954.

As discussed about Fig. 9 A, AIMOD950 can be configured to depend on that the configuration of AIMOD optionally reflects the light of some wavelength.Distance between the first electrode 954 (in this embodiment, it serves as absorption layer) and reflection horizon 952 changes the reflectivity properties of AIMOD950.Can farthest reflect any specific wavelength by the distance of controlling between reflection horizon 952 and absorption layer the first electrode 954.While interference with mutually rectangular formula, can there is reflection or the maximum reflection of high number percent in described distance makes the light of top surface that reflection leaves reflection horizon 952 gap between reflection horizon 952 and absorption layer.In this distance, absorption layer (the first electrode 954) is positioned at the minimum light intensity place that interferes standing wave.

For instance, the AIMOD950 of Fig. 9 B viewed arriving on designing with substrate 980 sides at AIMOD.Light enters AIMOD950 by substrate 980.Depend on the position in reflection horizon 952, the light of different wave length is back reflected through substrate 980, and this provides the outward appearance of different color.These different colors are also referred to as primary color.The displaceable layers of display element (for example, AIMOD) is making its location of reflecting the position of a certain or some wavelength can be described as show state.For instance, in the time that reflection horizon 952 is in position 970, the light of reflection Red wavelength in fact, and absorb in fact the light of other wavelength by the first electrode 954 (absorption layer).Therefore, AIMOD950 is revealed as redness, and is called in red status or red display state.Similarly, in the time that reflection horizon 952 moves to position 972 (wherein in fact the light of reflection green wavelength and absorb in fact the light of other wavelength), AIMOD950 is in green show state (or green state).In the time that reflection horizon 952 moves to position 974, AIMOD950 in blue show state (or blue color states), and in fact reflection blue wavelength light and absorb in fact the light of other wavelength.In the time that reflection horizon 952 moves to position 976, AIMOD950 is in black display state (or black state), and be absorbed in fact the broad range in visible spectrum wavelength light and minimize whereby visible reflection, make AIMOD950 be revealed as " black ".In the time that reflection horizon 952 moves to position 978, AIMOD950, in white displays state (or white states), and is reflected in fact the light of the wavelength of the broad range in visible spectrum, makes AIMOD950 be revealed as " white ".In some embodiments, being configured to produce in the position 978 of white states, the distance between reflection horizon 952 and the first electrode 954 is between about 0nm and 20nm.

In IMOD display element, the reflection color of display element is determined by the clearance gap between thin metal absorption layer and mirror surface.In order to produce the white appearance with high brightness, expect the reflection of all wavelengths in visible spectrum.In order to realize high brightness, can use optical reflector, it comprises metal level (for example, 952 in Fig. 9 B) and is placed in one or more dielectric layer (for example, 962 in Fig. 9 B) on described metal level.In this scheme, in the chamber that approaches reflector surface, find first zero-bit of interfering standing wave.In white states, reverberator close proximity absorber moves (at 0nm in the scope of 20nm) and makes absorber be positioned at the zero-bit place of standing wave.But a problem is: zero bit position of different wave length is also not exactly identical; Therefore realize the required interval of maximum reflection for different wave length and difference.Reflection short wavelength (blueness) and both optimal interval of long wavelength's (redness) are the intervals in middle somewhere.Therefore, the white states of many AIMOD can produce the white with inclined to one side green hue.In other words,, compared with redness or blueness, from AIMOD reflection green more consumingly, thereby cause incomplete white appearance.To understand, although green hue is common partially, other configuration produces the white states with inclined to one side blue cast or inclined to one side yellow hue, and is possible from lily other similar deviation.The existing solution of this problem is related to a kind of pixels dithers technology, and it mixes through painted white and other color to synthesize compared with pure white.But the method can reduce illumination, sacrifices spatial resolution and consume extra process ability and electric power.

For head it off, can adopt color notch filter to revise the reflection color of AIMOD to minimize inclined to one side green hue.Object is the difference minimizing between the reflectance spectrum of white states and the spectrum of luminophor D65 (for the industrial standard power spectrum of the color white of the electronic console of for example LCD display).Although can use the color notch filter of any applicable type, the configuration of this wave filter makes it specifically carry out filtering to the desired wavelength of this type of AIMOD display element.Notch filter can be including (but not limited to): wave filter, metal nanoparticle, comb filter, the holographic notch filters that comprises film dyestuff or allow selective filter to realize any other technology of the quantity of power of being wanted of special spectrum.

In order to provide color consistency in the display being made up of multiple IMOD, can expect provides the accurate location to the displaceable layers 906 in (for instance) Fig. 9 A for each shown color.Due to the variation in the manufacturing process of Simulation with I MOD design 900, the position of displaceable layers 906 under given voltage can be crossed over multiple IMOD and change.For instance, the mechanical resistance of displaceable layers 906 can change a little for each IMOD.And the voltage difference between the displaceable layers 906 of Fig. 9 A and the first electrode 910 and the second electrode 902 also can be because (for instance) AIMOD changes a little apart from the distance of voltage source.In certain aspects, this difference can be due to from IMOD900 being connected to due to the voltage loss of electrical lead of voltage source.

Figure 10 graphic extension is for the color space through stack colour gamut that has of RGB parallelepipedon 1010 and Simulation with I MOD1020.In some embodiments, can be produced by illustrated interferometric modulator in Fig. 9 A or Fig. 9 B for the colour gamut of Simulation with I MOD1020.As visible in Figure 10, in illustrated three-dimensional color space, be large and continuous by the colour gamut of RGB parallelepipedon 1010 Outlines.Color system based on rgb color mapping can reappear the almost continuum in parallelepipedon 1010.By contrast, permitted multicoloured indivedual sample although the discontinuous spiral colour gamut 1020 being produced by Simulation with I MOD comprises in color space, only formed by discrete color point.As discussed previously, each in these indivedual color point that produced by Simulation with I MOD is that the specific location of the displaceable layers 952 of reflection horizon 906 described in Fig. 9 A or Fig. 9 B produces.But, explanation as illustrated in Figure 10, the discontinuous color conveyor screw 1020 being produced by Simulation with I MOD can show that colour gamut omits some color area from it.

A kind of method that solves this situation is to use bistable state IMOD as the sub-pixel in display.Then, each sub-pixel IMOD can be configured to show specific color, for instance, red, green or blue.Then, will be from the synthetic colour element of the color group of this three sub pixel reflection, as carried out traditional RGB display in the situation that.By this display framework, can adopt traditional rgb color to shine upon to reappear RGB colour gamut as illustrated in the RGB parallelepipedon 1010 of Figure 10.But some feature being provided by Simulation with I MOD technology is not provided this display framework.For instance, Simulation with I MOD can produce two or more colors.By utilizing this ability, when for example, compared with traditional only double-colored technology (LCD or LED) time, the Simulation with I MOD using in color monitor has the potentiality that reduce size of display, cost and weight.

Figure 11 is the process flow diagram that is illustrated in an operation embodiment of the method that shows final color on the electronic console that can show one group of primary color.Described " final color " refers to the color of the visually perception of beholder of display.This final color or institute's perceived color can comprise one or more the primary color being shown by one or more display device (Simulation with I MOD for instance).These primary colors can be through time-modulation or spatial modulation to produce the final color of beholder institute perception.Process 1100 starts at beginning frame 1110 places, and then moves to frame 1120, multiple flexible strategy that wherein identification comprises at least one the first flexible strategy and one or more other flexible strategy.In some embodiments, can carry out frame 1120 by being contained in the instruction of below controlling in firmware 1220 about Figure 12 the operation described system 1240, host software 1230 or demonstration.

The flexible strategy of identifying in frame 1120 can change with embodiment.For instance, some embodiments can be used and W _i=1/B ⁱproportional multiple flexible strategy, the truth of a matter that wherein B is weighting system.For instance, the truth of a matter of weighting system can be the truth of a matter 2 (B=2), the truth of a matter 3 or the truth of a matter 4." i " can be the ordinal position of described flexible strategy in described multiple flexible strategy." i " also can be illustrated in the order that makes flexible strategy and primary correlation between color components connection in frame 1130 (below discussing).In some of the other embodiments, before next flexible strategy that each flexible strategy can be in flexible strategy ordered series of numbers and correlation between color components connection, in described ordered series of numbers, repeat one or repeatedly.

Some of the other embodiments can identify with by W _i=1/B (1-1/B) ⁱthe proportional multiple flexible strategy of ordered series of numbers that define, wherein W _ifor flexible strategy or proportional with flexible strategy.The truth of a matter that " B " is ordered series of numbers and can changing with embodiment, but can be 2,3,4,5,6,7,8 or 9." i " can comprise from 0 value to flexible strategy number (being 1 in these embodiments).

Some of the other embodiments can be identified multiple flexible strategy based on Fibonacci (Fibonacci) sequence.For instance, flexible strategy can be proportional with sequence 34,21,13,8,5,3,2,1,1.In some embodiments, also can use fibonacci number square.

For the object of discourse process 1100, the illustrated embodiment of hypothesis is identified by number sequence W _i=1/B ⁱthe multiple flexible strategy that define, wherein B=2.Therefore,, in this exemplary embodiment, flexible strategy are 1/4,1/8,1/16 etc.

Then, process 1100 moves to frame 1130, wherein makes the first flexible strategy and the first correlation between color components from described group of primary color join.In one embodiment, described group of primary color will comprise each color that can be produced by Simulation with I MOD.For instance, in Fig. 9 A, in illustrated Simulation with I MOD, each position of electrode 906 can produce a primary color at (comprising illustrated position 930,932,934 and 936).Therefore, described group of primary color can be included in four colors that 930,932,934 and 936 places, position produce.

For instance, in this example, the color being produced by the electrode position 930 of Fig. 9 A can be associated with flexible strategy 125.Can carry out frame 1130 in the instruction of below controlling in firmware 1220 about Figure 12 the operation described system 1240, host software 1230 or demonstration by being contained in all.

Then, process 1100 moves to frame 1140, wherein one or more color is recursively assigned to described one or more other flexible strategy.In illustrated example, the color being associated with electrode position 932 can be assigned to another flexible strategy, for instance, flexible strategy 1/8 or 0.125.Also can make the color and the flexible strategy (for instance, 1/16 or 0.0625) that are associated with electrode position 934 be associated.It should be noted that not to be that institute's colored in described group of primary color all must be associated with flexible strategy.In addition, can be associated with more than one flexible strategy from the same primary color of described group of primary color.For instance, the color producing in the time that electrode 906 is associated with flexible strategy 0.25 simultaneously in position 930 also can be associated with flexible strategy 1/8 or 0.125.The recurrence relevance of being described by frame 1140 can be for any finite population flexible strategy and color and is occurred.For instance, can make three, four, five, six, seven, eight, nine, ten, 20,50 or 100 relevances.Can carry out frame 1140 in the instruction of below controlling in firmware 1220 about Figure 12 the operation described system 1240, host software 1230 or demonstration by being contained in all.

Then, process 1100 moves to frame 1150, wherein by according to describedly showing final color through assigning color on display through assigning each flexible strategy in color to show.Can carry out frame 1150 in the instruction of below controlling in firmware 1220 about Figure 12 the operation described system 1240, host software 1230 or demonstration by being contained in all.

In some embodiments, on specific Simulation with I MOD, be presented at the color being associated in frame 1130 and 1140.For instance, can on specific Simulation with I MOD, show that the first color reaches the time cycle proportional to its flexible strategy.After described time period expires, can on same Simulation with I MOD, show that the second primary color reaches proportional another time cycle of the flexible strategy that are assigned to described the second color.Referring back to color and the flexible strategy of previous example, can show that the color being associated with electrode position 930 reaches 0.25t, wherein t is time quantum.According to example above, then can show that the color being associated with electrode 906 positions 934 reaches time cycle 1/8t or 0.125t.This display packing is a kind of time modulation technique, wherein modulates with the independent discrete time cycle color that is associated.

In other embodiments, can be at the upper color showing in described group of primary color of independent display element (Simulation with I MOD device for instance).In this type of embodiment, can side by side show that the color that is associated at least reaches the cycle sometime.Or several colors that are associated can be shared the physical I MOD device compared with group.For instance, can cross over two physical I MOD devices and show four colors that are associated.The embodiment of this type is the space-modulation technique of a type, modulates because cross over the visual space being occupied by independent IMOD device the color that is associated.After showing the color that is associated, process 1100 moves to done state 1160.

Figure 12 is graphic extension for show the block diagram of an embodiment of equipment of final color on electronic console, and each display element of wherein said display can show one group of primary color.Described equipment comprises the processor 56 of communicating by letter with storer 1250.Storer 1250 comprises host software 1230 and operating system 1240.Processor 56 is also communicated by letter with display controller 60.Display controller 60 is communicated by letter with frame buffer 64 and storer 1210.Storer 1210 comprises and shows control firmware 1220.

In some embodiments, the resource that operating system 1240 is managed described equipment is to realize functions of the equipments.For instance, operating system 1240 can be managed the resource such as such as loudspeaker 45 and microphone 46 and antenna 43 and transceiver 47.Operating system 1240 also can comprise display driver, described display driver managing electronic display, the display of for example being controlled by display controller 60.Display driver in operating system 1240 can comprise the primary color of interpolation Simulation with I MOD to produce the instruction of the color of being wanted.

For instance, the instruction configurable processor 56 in operating system 1240 produces the first color with the driving instruction from for multiple display device.Operating system 1240 multiple flexible strategy that further configuration processor 56 comprises at least one the first flexible strategy and one or more other flexible strategy with identification.Therefore, the instruction in operating system 1240 can represent to produce one of the first color device and for identifying the device of the multiple flexible strategy that comprise at least one the first flexible strategy and one or more other flexible strategy for the driving instruction from for multiple display device.

Instruction in operating system 1240 also configurable processor 56 so that the first flexible strategy and the first correlation between color components connection from one group of primary color.Therefore, the instruction in operating system 1240 represents for making the first flexible strategy and the device joining from the first correlation between color components of one group of primary color.Instruction in operating system 1240 also configurable processor 56 with determine the first color and wanted or object color component between error.Therefore, the instruction in operating system 1240 represent for determine the first color and want or object color component between a device of error.Instruction in operating system 1240 also can be for by showing that at least a portion of described multiple display device at least another color spreads the device of described error.

Instruction in operating system 1240 also configurable processor 56 with will recursively be assigned to from one or more color of described group of primary color described one or more other flexible strategy.Described instruction can further configure described processor with based on shown color and by previously through assigning flexible strategy normalized errors to assign described color.Therefore, the instruction in operating system 1240 can represent for will being recursively assigned to a device of described one or more other flexible strategy from one or more color of described group of primary color.It can further represent for when based on shown color and by previously recursively assigned the device of one or more color in the time assigning the normalized error of flexible strategy to assign each subsequent color.

Instruction configurable processor 56 in operating system 1240 is with by according to describedly showing final color through assigning color on electronic console through assigning each flexible strategy in color to show.Therefore, the instruction in operating system 1240 can represent for by according to show a described device that shows final color through assigning color on electronic console through each the flexible strategy of assigning color.

In other embodiments, the function that is above described as being contained in operating system 1240 can instead be contained in host software illustrated in Figure 12 1230.Or these functions can instead be implemented by being contained in the instruction showing in control firmware 1220.Those skilled in the art will realize that other embodiment can change by the block diagram from Figure 12 in the case of not deviating from the spirit of institute's revealing method.

Figure 13 is illustrated in the process flow diagram that shows another embodiment of the method for final color on electronic console, and each display element of wherein said display can show one group of primary color.Process 1300 can be by being contained in the operating system 1240, mainframe program 1230 of Figure 12 or showing that the instruction of controlling in firmware 1220 implements.Process 1300 starts at beginning frame 1305 places, and then moves to frame 1310, wherein the primary color component of the identification color of wanting.In some embodiments, can be by wanted color map to color zones coordinate system, wherein the axle of color zones is corresponding to each in the primary color in one group of primary color.In addition, the coordinate of the every bit in described coordinate system and can be 1.

In certain embodiments, will be wanted each available color of color to be considered as forming a space to synthesize through selection.Then can be by these color representations vector of unit length in space for this reason.Although in general the expression of described color can not be vector of unit length, can its proportional zoom be arrived to value 1 (together with whole space) without loss of generality in the situation that.Given this, if the color of wanting is arranged on a line of two available color that links palette (each color is represented by a vector of unit length), and calculate flexible strategy make available color through described the wanted color of weighted sum coupling, so described flexible strategy and be 1.Equally, link in the plane of three available color if the color of wanting is positioned at, so three flexible strategy and be 1.

In certain embodiments, described flexible strategy and can be not equal to 1.But the condition of relaxing can be: described flexible strategy and be less than or equal to 1.For instance, ∑ [wi]≤1.In this embodiment, can suppose that " ater " is for the one in extra color, and flexible strategy " 1-∑ [wi] " can be assigned to this black.In this embodiment, in the time that the institute's colored to comprising described new black is carried out summation, and will be 1.Because selected color for subsequent use is ater, therefore want color not affected by described ater.

In another embodiment, the above further can be generalized to when the new color adding non-black but situation when a certain other color (such as C, wherein C is by vector representation).This can be deducted C and again added that C carries out after processing by the institute's colored from whole space before processing.During processing, after deducting from himself, C self becomes ater so.

In one embodiment, in the time that use utilizes the chromaticity diagram of traditional rgb color scheme, coordinate system can comprise three axles (x, y, z), for red, green and blue each one.Each value in the N tuple coordinate of the point of the expression color of wanting can represent total flexible strategy of described primary color in wanted color, wherein total flexible strategy value of adding up to 1 of all primary colors.In the time described primary color being added together according to total flexible strategy of primary color, produce the color by described N element group representation.

Once by wanted color map to the coordinate system being defined by primary color, process 1300 just moves to frame 1315, wherein selects initial flexible strategy.Then, process 1300 moves to frame 1325.An embodiment of process 1300 can operate by the residual components not yet showing of following the trail of the color of wanting.In the time that process 1300 starts, owing to not yet showing any color, therefore remain color component and equal wanted color itself.But along with process 1300 shows primary color, the residual components of the color of reduces.In frame 1325, can select to have form the primary color of the remaining largest component of the color of wanting.For instance, at for example RGB (R, G, B), in the triaxial coordinate system of system, wherein want color map to coordinate (0.4,0.3,0.3), can in frame 1325, select red (corresponding to maximum " 0.4 " component of tuple).Then, process 1300 moves to frame 1330, wherein shows described selected color with current flexible strategy.Follow previous example, will show redness with flexible strategy 0.3.As early described, can change for the method for counting display color with specific weights.For instance, some embodiment up time modulation techniques are counted display color with specific weights, and other embodiment can usage space modulation technique, as described above.

After showing selected color, process 1300 moves to frame 1332.In frame 1332, deduct current flexible strategy from the nearest shown primary color component of wanted color.In current example, the red component of the component from wanted color (0.4,0.3,0.3) is deducted to 1/3, thereby produce～(.067,0.3,0.3).This new tuple does not represent wanted color itself, but represent the color of wanting by demonstration residue color component.

Then, process 1300 moves to decision block 1335, wherein remaining wanted color component and acceptable error threshold value is compared.If the residue color component of the color of wanting is less than error threshold, process 1300 moves to end block 1390 so.If the residue color component of the color of wanting is higher than described error threshold, process 1300 moves to frame 1345 so, wherein determines next flexible strategy.In some embodiments, can determine next flexible strategy by following equation 1:

x _i＝x ₀*(1-x ₀)floor(i/r) (1)

Wherein:

By x ₀represent the first flexible strategy,

I is the round values from 0 to n-1,

N is the number of flexible strategy, and

R is the number of times that the value in described group is assigned to the first flexible strategy.

Then, process 1300 turns back to frame 1325 and repeats.In the time determining that at frame 1335 places the color of wanting is similar in acceptable error restriction, process 1300 finishes.

How the embodiment that Figure 14 is illustrated in the method that shows final color on the electronic console that can show one group of primary color can operate.In illustrated example, in top row, enumerate wanted color, wherein component is α=0.6, β=0.1 and γ=0.3.In this example, select initial flexible strategy 0.25.Due to α component maximum, therefore deduct described flexible strategy from it at first.In this example, each flexible strategy also repeats twice.Initially repeatedly after, α component is 0.6-0.25=0.35, it is still maximum residual component.Therefore, will again show α, and again deduct described flexible strategy from α component, be 0.1 thereby cause residual components α.According to equation 1 (above), this exemplary embodiment is selected next flexible strategy 0.125, and selection has the color of maximum residual color component (being γ in this case).Then show the color corresponding to γ.Because each flexible strategy in described exemplary embodiment repeat twice, therefore flexible strategy 0.125 are applied to γ component again, be 0.05 thereby cause remaining γ component.Next repeatedly in, determine next flexible strategy based on equation 1 (above).Both all have maximum residual component α and β, and deduct described new flexible strategy from 0.1 α component and 0.1 β component.Illustrated finally repeatedly in, select next flexible strategy and deduct described flexible strategy from γ component and α component.

Figure 15 A, 15B and 15C are illustrated in the Perl programming language simulation of the method described in Figure 13 and Figure 14 and an exemplary embodiment of output.Figure 15 A is mainly by forming for the auxiliary subroutine that is supported in the main body that Figure 15 B shows.After initialization, main body enters do/until circulation, its repetition until shown color and the difference between color wanted in error margin.In some embodiments, the until condition being in the bottom of the code segment of Figure 15 B on row 49 can be corresponding to the decision block of Figure 13 1335.On the row 12 of Figure 15 B, initialization is for the flexible strategy of each Reusability.Although described flexible strategy are initialised to number of dimensions object inverse, this is only an example of initialization weights how.Other embodiment can not provide the relation between number and the flexible strategy of primary color.In some embodiments, the initialization of the initial flexible strategy on row 12 can be corresponding to the frame of Figure 13 1315.As the frame 1325 of Figure 13 is described, on the row 23 of Figure 15 B, graphic extension selects to have the primary color of the remaining largest component of wanted color.Can implement by the row of Figure 15 B 31 frame 1332 of Figure 13.An embodiment being carried out the frame 1340 and 1345 of graphic extension Figure 13 by the row 46 to 48 of Figure 15 B, it determines whether to repeat current flexible strategy, and if not, determines so next flexible strategy.In illustrated Perl embodiment, by determining next flexible strategy about the described equation 1 of Figure 13 above.

In Figure 15 C, show the output of the method for the Perl code implementation of passing through Figure 15 A and 15B.Illustrated ad hoc approach determines that each flexible strategy should repeat once.In program output, first show this information.Next, show the relevant statistical value repeatedly continuously of do/until that separate by horizontal line and Figure 15 B circulation.Because the main body of described program is called " printStats () " subroutine at first, therefore in statistics entry #1, show the condition that initially starts.Current flexible strategy and initial flexible strategy are with 1/3 beginning.By " colorLeft " initialization of variable to some of (0.3,0.4,0.3) arbitrarily through hard coded constant.These numerals only as an example and meaningful.Owing to not yet showing (simulation) any color at statistics entry #1 place, therefore " colorDisplayed " array remains zero.The new flexible strategy of statistics entry #2 graphic extension, and remaining color component (being represented by " ColorLeft ") reduces.Note, reduced the previous flexible strategy (1/3) of entry #1 from the largest component (.4) of entry #1 " ColorLeft ".The shown color that it shall yet further be noted that entry #2 shows that it has increased progressively the flexible strategy of entry #1.Statistical value continues until (" ColorLeft's ") residue color component drops to separately lower than error margin collection (being 0.01 in this particular) (referring to the Perl MINIMAL_COLOR constant of Figure 15 A), now do/until loop termination and print last statistical value collection in entry #11.Note the initial value (representing the color of wanting) of " ColorLeft " in entry #1 and by the error between the final color of the last value representation of " ColorDisplayed " in entry #11.In some embodiments, described method can through tuning with by making initial flexible strategy, repeat count, how to calculate each continuous flexible strategy or MINIMAL_COLOR constant changes to reduce the error between wanted color and final color.

Figure 16 is illustrated in the process flow diagram that shows another embodiment of the method for final color on the electronic console that can show one group of primary color.Process 1600 can be implemented by the instruction being contained in any one in operating system illustrated in Figure 12 1240, mainframe program 1230 or display controller firmware 1220.

Process 1600 starts at beginning frame 1610 places, and is then transitioned into frame 1620, multiple flexible strategy that wherein identification comprises at least one the first flexible strategy and one or more other flexible strategy.Then, process 1600 moves to frame 1630, wherein from described group of primary Colour selection the most approaching wanted color the first color and be then assigned to the first flexible strategy.Then, process 1600 moves to frame 1640, wherein determines described the first color and the error between color of wanting.Then, process 1600 moves to frame 1650, wherein the subsequent color from described group of primary color is recursively assigned to described one or more other flexible strategy by instruction, and based on wanted color and by previously assigning each subsequent color through the normalized error of appointment flexible strategy.Then, process 1600 moves to frame 1660, wherein described through assigning color according to often showing on electronic console once the flexible strategy of assigning color.As discussed previously, some embodiment up time modulation carry out display color with the flexible strategy according to color, and some of the other embodiments can usage space modulation be carried out display color with the flexible strategy according to color.Then, process 1600 moves to done state 1670.

Figure 17 is illustrated in the process flow diagram that shows another embodiment of the method for final color on the electronic console that can show one group of primary color.Process 1700 can be implemented by contained instruction in the operating system of Figure 12 1240, mainframe program 1230 or display driver firmware 1220.

Process 1700 starts at beginning frame 1705 places, and is then transitioned into frame 1710, multiple flexible strategy that wherein identification comprises at least one the first flexible strategy and one or more other flexible strategy.Embodiment How to choose flexible strategy can be based on described particular consideration and change.For instance, select relatively large initial flexible strategy can minimize the number that repetitive process 1700 is carried out.This can reduce the execution time of process 1700.But, reality/finally larger error between color that larger flexible strategy can cause wanted color and be produced by described method.In some embodiments, this can cause repeatedly more.

Then, process 1700 moves to frame 1712, wherein use from frame 1710 through identification flexible strategy and carry out initialization " total flexible strategy " variable.Then, process 1700 moves to frame 1715, wherein selects to approach most the primary color of current goal color.In the time that first process 1700 starts, current goal color is initialised to wanted color.As early described, in the embodiment of use Simulation with I MOD, can for example, be discontinuous conveyor screw by the described group of primary color description that is mapped to three-dimensional color space (in Figure 10 illustrated three-dimensional color space).Also wanted color map can be arrived to similar color space, for instance, the three-dimensional color space of Figure 10.In one embodiment, the distance that approaches color most can determining from wanted color to the discontinuous conveyor screw of IMOD, and in frame 1715, select described color.Similarly, also can be by another color map being represented by " current goal color " in the description of process 1700 to IMOD color space as described above.Note, although " current goal color " is initialised to wanted color in process 1700, the color being represented by " current goal color " will be proceeded and change along with described method.

It shall yet further be noted that wanted color and final color or actual color may not be same hue.Although institute's revealing method is attempted the approximate color of wanting, in the time completing described method, between the final or actual color of wanted color and the perception of vision observer institute, can retain error.In addition, in the time that described method completes, actual color can equal final color.But along with described method is proceeded, " actual color " can have multiple intermediate values.

Then, process 1700 moves to frame 1720, wherein shows described selected color with current flexible strategy.As early described, up time modulation or spatial modulation are shown specific color with specific weights digital display in some embodiments.Then, process 1700 moves to frame 1725, is wherein added to " shown total color " variable and upgrades described variable by previous color selected and that show being multiplied by current flexible strategy.Then, process 1700 moves to frame 1735, wherein follows the trail of shown total flexible strategy and remains total flexible strategy.By current flexible strategy being added to shown total flexible strategy, follow the trail of the color showing with current flexible strategy in frame 1720.Because process 1700 has been calculated total flexible strategy in frame 1712, therefore it can be determined now by the amount of the residue flexible strategy that show.

Then, process 1700 moves to frame 1740, wherein determines the error between shown color and current goal color.Error of calculation variable " E _i-begin" to represent described error.By deduct from wanted color shown color so far through weighted sum divided by calculating " E with total flexible strategy of shown correlation between color components connection so far _i-begin".Based on process 1700 repeatedly essence and in frame 1740 to E _i-begincalculating, illustrated embodiment is as calculated E in equation 2 below _i-begin:

ϵ_{i - begin} = C_{Desired} - \frac{Σ_{k = 0}^{i = 1} (C_{k} W_{k})}{Σ_{k = 0}^{i - 1} (W_{k})} - - - (2)

Wherein:

C _desiredby being wanted color

C _kfor the color showing at specific k repeatedly place

W _kfor the flexible strategy at specific k repeatedly place

Then, process 1700 moves to decision block 1745, and whether definite error is can accept in restriction.If so, process 1700 moves to done state 1795 so.If error is still higher than threshold error restriction, process 1700 moves to frame 1750 from decision block 1745 so, wherein determines next flexible strategy.In some embodiments, can determine flexible strategy by equation 1 as described above.In some embodiments, also can repeat flexible strategy.

Then, process 1700 moves to decision block 1755, and determines whether described embodiment is just using aggressiveness Colour selection algorithm.If select aggressiveness algorithm, process 1700 moves to frame 1760 so.If next " current goal color " is primary color, the color of wanted color attempted described next color to be set as realizing immediately by frame 1760 so.Carry out graphic extension and determine an embodiment of the method for next color by equation 3 below:

C_{i} = C_{Desired} + ϵ_{i - begin} \frac{Σ_{k = 0}^{i = 1} (W_{k})}{W_{i}} - - - (3)

Wherein:

C _ifor by show next color

C _desiredby being wanted color

C _kfor the color showing at specific k repeatedly place

W _kfor the flexible strategy at specific k repeatedly place

In order to implement equation 3 above, frame 1760 is set as shown so far total flexible strategy divided by current flexible strategy by next color rate variable.Note, in frame 1750, upgraded current flexible strategy, and therefore it reflects next flexible strategy repeatedly, as " the W of equation 3 _i" institute define." next color ratio " variable reflects the rightest item of equation 3 above.

But, if determining to use, decision block 1755 more do not have an aggressiveness Colour selection algorithm, process 1700 moves to frame 1770 so.Frame 1770 is established object color component, if described object color component is assigned to all residue flexible strategy, color is wanted in realization by it so.This also supposes that fresh target color can be used as primary color.Determine that the method for next color can carry out graphic extension by equation 4 below:

C_{i} = C_{Desired} + ϵ_{i - begin} \frac{Σ_{k = 0}^{i = 1} (W_{k})}{Σ_{k = i}^{N - 1} (W_{k})} - - - (4)

Wherein:

C _ifor by show next color

C _desiredby being wanted color

C _kfor the color showing at specific k repeatedly place

W _kfor the flexible strategy at specific k repeatedly place

In order to implement equation 4, frame 1770 is set as shown so far total flexible strategy divided by the total flexible strategy of residue by " next color ratio ".This represents the rightest item of equation 4 above.

Then, process 1700 moves to frame 1780, wherein current goal color is reset to wanted color+error " E _i-begin" be multiplied by the ratio of calculating in frame 1760 or frame 1770, as the equation 3 and 4 by above defines.Then, process 1700 turns back to frame 1712 and process 1700 repeats.

Figure 18 A graphic extension utilizes an embodiment that is configured to the multiple IMOD that show different color of arrangement located adjacent one another.In some embodiments, this configuration can be imitated traditional RGB display.

Figure 18 B is the data flowchart of the method for three IMOD for driving Figure 18 A.Three RGB input values on figure left side are received by bistable state IMOD color processing module.Then, carry out the color processing that comprises any color interpolation, and produce output valve.For instance, in some embodiments, RGB input value can respectively do for oneself 4,8,16,24 or 32 positions.Then, bistable state color processing module can convert those N place values to and some 1 place values of bistable state IMOD compatibility.Then, on the right side of color processing module, export these 1 place values.

Each in three bistable state IMOD of addressing independently, because then send to each R/G/B IMOD by three individual voltages from color processing module.Each voltage can adopt two one in value.Being combined in of this three voltages produces eight one in may color scheme in the rgb pixel that comprises three bistable state IMOD.

Figure 19 A graphic extension produces an embodiment of the Simulation with I MOD of more continuous colour gamut.Compared with the bistable state IMOD of Figure 18 A and 18B, the Simulation with I MOD of Figure 19 A comprises the removable mirror being placed between two fixed mirrors.Described Simulation with I MOD can be depending on the position of removable mirror and shows multiple different colors.This is similar to illustrated Simulation with I MOD in Fig. 9 A or Fig. 9 B above.As previously mentioned, the color being produced by Simulation with I MOD can be different and can in color space, separate.For instance, referring to IMOD colour gamut 1020 illustrated in Figure 10.

In some embodiments, can for bistable state IMOD and Simulation with I MOD, both process driving voltage or the instruction for the color rendering of image similarly.For instance, standardization is contained in software or firmware module (for instance, mainframe program 1230, operating system 1240 or display controller firmware 1220) in some processor instructions can be favourable, therefore no matter utilize bistable state IMOD or Simulation with I MOD, all keep identical or similar through standardizing order.Then, can maintain Simulation with I MOD or bistable state IMOD specifically compared with small instruction part to implement the feature of specific IMOD embodiment.By reducing the size of IMOD type specific instruction part, can obtain the efficiency of Life Cycle cost, quality and Time To Market aspect.

For instance, some embodiments can standardization for the processing instruction of one group of three bistable state IMOD, make by as one illustrated in Figure 18 B and in eight different conditions of generation.But, due to the physical characteristics of Simulation with I MOD, may not jointly show each in eight colors that can be shown by described three bistable state IMOD.

Figure 19 B is the data flowchart that drives an embodiment of the method for analog modulator (illustrated analog modulator in Fig. 9 A, Fig. 9 B or Figure 19 A for instance).In Figure 19 B, first utilize as processed three RGB input values 1910 with reference to the processing of the described bistable state IMOD color of figure 18B.Illustrated embodiment standardization is responsible for the operation part of bistable state IMOD color processing.After bistable state IMOD processes, the RGB data 1930 of a position of every passage are delivered to Simulation with I MOD specific voltage converter 1940.Three RGB input positions 1930 are converted to eight one in voltage level by Simulation with I MOD electric pressure converter 1940.Described voltage level can be through selecting eight turnings with the color parallelepipedon 1010 corresponding to Figure 10.These voltage levels can cause the mirror in Simulation with I MOD to be positioned the specific level place in IMOD housing.For instance, described mirror can be corresponding to electrode illustrated in Fig. 9 A 906, and it also can be positioned 930 to 936 places, position of Fig. 9 A.Any error between the color that can represent to the primary IMOD color showing in corresponding position and by input 1930 or 1910 carries out space or the time spreads.Use the method, be contained in host software 1230, the operating system 1240 of (for instance) Figure 12 or show that being configured in control firmware 1220 used traditional rgb color space (the RGB parallelepipedon 1010 of for example Figure 10) to carry out traditional color process software of display color or an embodiment of firmware can remain unchanged.But, for instance, in the device of Figure 12, can comprise extra color process software or firmware instructions rgb color is mapped to the color that can show on Simulation with I MOD display.

Figure 20 is graphic extension for being the process flow diagram for an embodiment of the method for the driving instruction of the first display device by the driving instruction transformation for multiple display device.Process 2000 can be implemented by the instruction being contained in host software 1230, operating system 1240 or the driver controller firmware 1220 of Figure 12.

Process 2000 starts and then moves to frame 2010 at beginning frame 2005 places, wherein produces the first color from the driving instruction for multiple display device.For instance, frame 2010 can receive R, G, the 1930 conduct inputs of B value of Figure 19 B.Then, process 2000 moves to frame 2020, wherein selects the color of approximate the first color producing for the first display device.Frame 2020 can arrive eight possibility combinatorial mappings of the R G B value 1930 of Figure 19 B the primary color of Simulation with I MOD (illustrated Simulation with I MOD in Fig. 9 A, Fig. 9 B or Figure 19 A for instance).Then, process 2000 moves to frame 2030, wherein shows selected color by the first display device.For instance, on the Simulation with I MOD of the Simulation with I MOD that frame 2030 can be illustrated in for example Fig. 9 A, Fig. 9 B or Figure 19 A, show described selected color.Then, process 2000 moves to frame 2040, wherein determines the error between described selected color and the first color of producing.For instance, frame 2040 can calculate chromaticity diagram (for instance, illustrated RGB parallelepipedon 1010 in Figure 10) in distance between the color that produces and shown color (in some embodiments, its can be positioned also in Figure 10 on the discontinuous IMOD color conveyor screw 1020 of graphic extension).Then, process 2000 moves to frame 2050, wherein by showing that at least a portion of multiple display device at least one other color carrys out propagated error.Frame 2050 can utilize time-modulation or spatial modulation to spread described error.In addition,, in order to spread described error, an embodiment of frame 2050 may be implemented in graphic extension and the version in above-described process 1600 in Figure 16.

Figure 21 is the process flow diagram of an embodiment of graphic extension error diffusion process.The process 2100 of Figure 21 can be used for (for instance) and crosses over definite error in the frame 2040 that several pixels are diffused in Figure 20.Before process 2100 starts, can on Simulation with I MOD, show the first color of the approximate color of wanting.Then, process 2100 can spread the first color and the error between color of wanting.Process 2100 can usage space modulate to spread described error.Can in the pixel group of the pixel close to described the first color of demonstration, show a series of colors.The color of wanting is visually simulated in being presented at of this serial color.Process 2100 can be by being contained in the operating system 1240, mainframe program 1230 of Figure 12 or showing that the instruction of controlling in firmware 1220 implements.

Process 2100 starts at beginning frame 2105 places, and then moves to frame 2110, wherein selects the time interval in order to display color with the gap length reducing.In some embodiments, the length of these time slots can be proportional with process 1100, the process 1300 of Figure 13 or the described flexible strategy of process 1600 of Figure 16 about Figure 11.Then, process 2100 moves to frame 2120, wherein can grating mode scanning display panel, maybe can scan a certain image, and select to show or view data in specific pixel for propagated error.Then, process 2100 moves to frame 2130, wherein selects a color.In some embodiments, can select described color from primary Simulation with I MOD color palette.For instance, some embodiments of frame 2230 can utilize as described above equation 3 or equation 4 to select color for given interval.Then, process 2100 moves to frame 2140, the color wherein modulation via the first color being shown and comparing with the color of propagated error and the color of being wanted through selecting in frame 2130.This relatively determines the error amount between described wanted color and shown color.Some embodiments can utilize equation 2 above to carry out the error of calculation.Then, process 2100 moves to decision block 2150, and it determines whether to exist the pixels that can be used for propagated error more.If there are more pixels, process 2100 turns back to frame 2120 and process 2100 repeats so.If there is no more pixels, process 2100 moves to decision block 2160 so, and it determines whether to exist the time intervals that can be used for error diffusion more.If more time interval can be used, process 2100 turns back to frame 2110 and selects the new time interval to repeat for error diffusion and process 2100 so.Otherwise process 2100 moves to end block 2170.

Figure 22 is the process flow diagram of an embodiment of graphic extension error diffusion process.For instance, the process 2200 of Figure 22 can utilize specific pixel to be diffused in definite error in the frame 2040 of Figure 20.Before process 2200 starts, can on Simulation with I MOD, show the first color of the approximate color of wanting.Then, process 2200 can spread the first color and the error between color of wanting.2200 up times of process modulate to spread described error.Can in different time interval, in specific pixel, show a series of colors to visually simulate the color of wanting.Process 2200 can be implemented by the instruction being contained in mainframe program 1230, operating system 1240 or the display driver firmware 1220 of Figure 12.

Process 2200 starts and then moves to frame 2210 at beginning frame 2205 places, wherein scans display panel or image and selects pixel for using in error diffusion process.This pixel can be and shows the same pixel of the first color, or it can be different pixels, for instance, and close to the pixel of pixel that shows described the first color.Then, process 2200 moves to frame 2220, wherein identifies for the time interval by selected pixel propagated error by the gap size reducing.In some embodiments, the length in these time intervals can be proportional with process 1100, the process 1300 of Figure 13 or the described flexible strategy of process 1600 of Figure 16 about Figure 11.Then, process 2200 moves to frame 2230, wherein selects color for given interval.In some embodiments, can select described color from the primary color palette of Simulation with I MOD.For instance, frame 2230 can utilize as described above equation 3 or equation 4 to select color for described given interval.Then, process 2200 moves to frame 2240, wherein the vision of the color of selecting by the first shown color and as the part of error diffusion process 2200 is combined to the shown color and the color of wanting that obtain and compares to determine described shown color and the collimation error between color of wanting.In some embodiments, frame 2240 can be by utilizing equation 2 above to determine described error.Then, process 2200 moves to decision block 2250, and it determines whether still to exist any extra time of the interval for carry out error diffusion by this specific pixel.If more time interval can be used, process 2200 turns back to frame 2220 so, and process 2200 repeats.If can use without more time interval, process 2200 moves to decision block 2260 so, and it determines whether that any more pixels can be used for the error diffusion of shown color.If there is available pixel, process 2200 moves to frame 2210 so, and process 2200 repeats.Otherwise process 2200 moves to end block 2270.

The example of the system chart of the display device 40 that Figure 23 A and 23B displaying graphic extension comprise multiple interferometric modulators.For instance, display device 40 can be honeycomb fashion or mobile phone.But the same components of display device 40 or its slight version are also the explanation to various types of display device, for example, TV, electronic reader and portable electronic device.

Display device 40 comprises shell 41, display 30, antenna 43, loudspeaker 45, input media 48 and microphone 46.Shell 41 can be formed by any one in multiple manufacturing process, comprises injection-molded and vacuum and forms.In addition, shell 41 can be made up of any one in multiple material, including (but not limited to): plastics, metal, glass, rubber and pottery or its combination.Shell 41 can comprise removable portion (not showing), and it can exchange with other different color or the removable portion that contains different identification, picture or symbol.

Display 30 can be any one in multiple display, comprises bistable state described herein or conformable display.Display 30 also can be configured to comprise flat-panel monitor (for example plasma display, EL, OLED, STN LCD or TFT LCD) or non-tablet display (for example CRT or other tubular device).In addition, display 30 can comprise interferometric modulator display, as described in this article.

The assembly of schematically graphic extension display device 40 in Figure 23 B.Display device 40 comprises shell 41, and can comprise the additional assemblies being encapsulated at least in part wherein.For instance, display device 40 comprises network interface 27, and network interface 27 comprises the antenna 43 that is coupled to transceiver 47.Transceiver 47 is connected to processor 21, and processor 21 is connected to and regulates hardware 52.Regulate hardware 52 can be configured to signal to regulate (for example, signal being carried out to filtering).Regulate hardware 52 to be connected to loudspeaker 45 and microphone 46.Processor 21 is also connected to input media 48 and driver controller 29.Driver controller 29 is coupled to frame buffer 28 and is coupled to array driver 22, and array driver 22 is coupled to again array of display 30.Some or all of assemblies in the assembly that electric power supply device 50 can design to particular display device 40 provide electric power.

Network interface 27 comprises antenna 43 and transceiver 47, and display device 40 can be communicated by letter with one or more device via network.Network interface 27 also can have the data processing that some processing poweies for example, are carried out by processor 21 to alleviate ().Signal can be launched and receive to antenna 43.In some embodiments, antenna 43 is launched according to the IEEE802.11 standard that comprises IEEE16.11 (a), (b) or IEEE16.11 standard (g) or comprise IEEE802.11a, b, g or n and is received RF signal.In some of the other embodiments, antenna 43 is according to bluetooth standard transmitting and receive RF signal.In the situation of cellular phone, antenna 43 is through designing to receive CDMA (CDMA), frequency division multiple access (FDMA), time division multiple access (TDMA) (TDMA), global system for mobile communications (GSM), the general packet radio service of GSM/ (GPRS), enhanced data gsm environment (EDGE), terrestrial repetition radio (TETRA), wideband CDMA (W-CDMA), Evolution-Data Optimized (EV-DO), 1 × EV-DO, EV-DO revised edition A, EV-DO revised edition B, high-speed packet access (HSPA), high-speed down link bag access (HSDPA), high-speed uplink bag access (HSUPA), evolution high-speed packet access (HSPA+), Long Term Evolution (LTE), AMPS or other known signal of for example, communicating by letter for (utilize the system of 3G or 4G technology) in wireless network.The signal that transceiver 47 can pre-service receives from antenna 43 makes it to be received and further to be handled by processor 21.Transceiver 47 also can be processed the signal receiving from processor 21 it can be launched from display device 40 via antenna 43.

In some embodiments, can replace transceiver 47 by receiver.In addition, can carry out alternative networks interface 27 by image source, the view data that is sent to processor 21 can be stored or be produced to described image source.Processor 21 can be controlled the overall operation of display device 40.Processor 21 receives data (for example compressed view data) from network interface 27 or image source, and described data are processed into raw image data or are processed into the form that is easily processed into raw image data.Processor 21 can send to treated data driver controller 29 or send to frame buffer 28 for storage.Raw data is often referred to the information for the picture characteristics at each position place in recognition image.For instance, this type of picture characteristics can comprise color, saturation degree and gray level.

Processor 21 can comprise microcontroller, CPU or the logical block of the operation of controlling display device 40.Regulate hardware 52 can comprise for transmitting to loudspeaker 45 and receiving amplifier and the wave filter of signal from microphone 46.Regulate hardware 52 to can be the discrete component in display device 40, maybe can be incorporated in processor 21 or other assembly.

Driver controller 29 can directly be obtained the raw image data being produced by processor 21 from processor 21 or from frame buffer 28, and can suitably raw image data reformatting be arrived to array driver 22 for transmitted at high speed.In some embodiments, driver controller 29 can be reformated into raw image data the data stream with raster-like format, it is had and be suitable for crossing over the chronological order that array of display 30 scans.Then, driver controller 29 will send to array driver 22 through the information of format.For example, although driver controller 29 (lcd controller) is associated with system processor 21 usually used as integrated circuit (IC) independently, can be implemented in numerous ways this quasi-controller.For instance, can be embedded in controller as hardware in processor 21, be embedded in processor 21 or with array driver 22 and be completely integrated in hardware as software.

Array driver 22 can receive the information through formaing and video data can be reformated into one group of parallel waveform from driver controller 29, described group of parallel waveform hundreds of and thousands of sometimes (or more) lead-in wire being applied to many times from the x-y picture element matrix of display per second.

In some embodiments, driver controller 29, array driver 22 and array of display 30 are suitable for any one in type of display described herein.For instance, driver controller 29 can be conventional display controller or bistable display controller (for example, IMOD controller).In addition, array driver 22 can be conventional driver or bi-stable display driver (for example, IMOD display driver).In addition, array of display 30 can be conventional array of display or bi-stable display array (display that for example, comprises IMOD array).In some embodiments, driver controller 29 can integrate with array driver 22.This embodiment for example, is common in height integrated system (, cellular phone, wrist-watch and other small-area display).

In some embodiments, input media 48 can be configured to allow (for example) user to control the operation of display device 40.Input media 48 can comprise keypad (for example qwerty keyboard or telephone keypad), button, switch, rocking bar, touch-sensitive screen or pressure-sensitive or thermosensitive film.Microphone 46 can be configured to the input media of display device 40.In some embodiments, can control with the voice commands doing by microphone 46 operation of display device 40.

Electric power supply device 50 can comprise as well-known multiple kinds of energy memory storage in technique.For instance, electric power supply device 50 can be rechargeable battery, for example nickel-cadmium cell or lithium ion battery.Electric power supply device 50 also can be regenerative resource, capacitor or solar cell, comprises plastic solar cell or solar cell coating.Electric power supply device 50 also can be configured to receive electric power from wall jack.

In some embodiments, control programmability and reside in driver controller 29, driver controller 29 can be arranged in several positions of electronic display system.In some of the other embodiments, control programmability and reside in array driver 22.Optimization as described above can any number hardware and/or component software and implementing with various configurations.

Various illustrative logical, logical block, module, circuit and the algorithm steps that can describe in connection with embodiment disclosed herein are embodied as electronic hardware, computer software or both combinations.With regard to functional large volume description and illustrate the interchangeability of hardware and software in various Illustrative components as described above, frame, module, circuit and step.This is functional is the design constraint of depending on application-specific and overall system being forced with hardware or implement software.

Can be by general purpose single-chip or multi-chip processor, digital signal processor (DSP), special IC (ASIC), field programmable gate array (FPGA) or other programmable logic device, discrete gate or transistor logic, discrete hardware components or through design with carry out its arbitrary combination of function described herein implement or carry out for implement in conjunction with the described various illustrative logical in aspect disclosed herein, logical block, the hardware of module and circuit and data processing equipment.General processor can be microprocessor or any conventional processors, controller, microcontroller or state machine.Also processor can be embodied as to the combination of calculation element, for example DSP combines or any other this kind of configuration with DSP core with combination, multi-microprocessor, one or more microprocessor of microprocessor.In some embodiments, can carry out particular step and method by the distinctive circuit of given function.

In aspect one or more, can hardware, Fundamental Digital Circuit, computer software, firmware (comprising the structure and the structural equivalents thereof that disclose in this instructions) or implement described function with its arbitrary combination.The embodiment of the subject matter described in this instructions also can be embodied as one or more computer program that is encoded in computer storage media the operation for carried out or controlled data processing equipment by data processing equipment,, one or more computer program instructions module.

If with implement software, function can be launched on computer-readable media or via computer-readable media as one or more instruction or code storage so.Processor on computer-readable media can be resided in and the step of method disclosed herein or algorithm can be executive software module implemented.Computer-readable media comprises computer storage media and comprises can be through enabling the communication medium computer program is sent to any media of another place from a place.Medium can be can be by any useable medium of computer access.The unrestriced mode with example, this type of computer-readable media can comprise RAM, ROM, EEPROM, CD-ROM or other optical disk storage apparatus, disk storage device or other magnetic storage device or can be used for storing desired program code and can be by any other media of computer access with the form of instruction or data structure.In addition, any connection all can suitably be called computer-readable media.As used herein, disk and CD comprise: compact disk (CD), laser-optical disk, optics CD, digital versatile disc (DVD), floppy disk and Blu-ray disc, wherein disk is conventionally with magnetic means rendering data, and CD by laser with optical mode rendering data.Every combination also should be contained in the scope of computer-readable media above.In addition, the operation of method or algorithm can be used as one or any code and the packing of orders or set and resides on the machine-readable medium and computer-readable media that can be incorporated in computer program.

Those skilled in the art can easily understand the various amendments to embodiment described in the present invention, and the generic principle that defined herein can be applicable to other embodiment, and this does not deviate from the spirit or scope of the present invention.Therefore, claims are not intended to limit in the embodiment shown herein, but are endowed the broad range consistent with the present invention, principle disclosed herein and novel feature.Word " exemplary " is exclusively used in this article and means " as example, example or graphic extension ".Any embodiment that is described as in this article " exemplary " may not be interpreted as more preferred or favourable than other embodiment.In addition, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that, term " top " and " bottom " are sometimes respectively schemed for convenience of description and are used, and indicate the directed relative position on the page through appropriate orientation corresponding to figure, and may not reflect the appropriate orientation of the IMOD as implemented.

Also some feature of describing in the background of independent embodiment in this manual can be implemented in single embodiment with array configuration.On the contrary, also the various features of describing in the background of single embodiment can be implemented in multiple embodiments individually or with the form of arbitrary applicable sub-portfolio.In addition, work and even initial so opinion although above can describe feature as with the form of some combination, but in some cases, can remove one or more feature from described combination from advocated combination, and the combination of advocating can be for the version of sub-portfolio or sub-portfolio.

Similarly, although describe operation with certain order in graphic, this should not be construed as and requires the certain order to be shown or carry out this generic operation or carry out all illustrated operations and realize wanted result with sequential order.In addition, describedly graphicly can schematically describe in a flowchart one or more exemplary process.But the operation that other can not described is incorporated in the exemplary process of schematically graphic extension.For instance, before any one that can be in illustrated operation, afterwards, simultaneously or between carry out one or more operation bidirectional.In some cases, multi-tasking and parallel processing can be favourable.In addition, the separation of the various system components in embodiment as described above should be interpreted as and in all embodiments, all need this separation, and should be understood that in general, described program assembly and system can be integrated in together in single software product or be packaged into multiple software products.In addition, other embodiment is in the scope of above claims.In some cases, can different order execute claims the action narrated in book and it still realizes desired result.

Claims

1. for showing a method for final color on the electronic console showing one group of primary color, described method comprises:

Multiple flexible strategy that identification comprises at least one the first flexible strategy and one or more other flexible strategy, wherein said one or more other flexible strategy are less than described the first flexible strategy and proportional with described the first flexible strategy;

Described the first flexible strategy and the first correlation between color components from described group of primary color are joined;

Described one or more other flexible strategy will be recursively assigned to from one or more color of described group of primary color; And

By according to described through assign each flexible strategy in color show described each and on described electronic console, show described final color.

2. method according to claim 1, wherein said electronic console comprises Simulation with I MOD.

3. method according to claim 1, wherein said multiple flexible strategy comprise n flexible strategy, and each flexible strategy x in wherein said multiple flexible strategy _ican be according to x _i=x ₀* (1-x ₀) ⁱdetermine, wherein i is the round values from 0 to n-1, and wherein said the first flexible strategy are by x ₀represent.

4. method according to claim 1, each the flexible strategy x in wherein said multiple flexible strategy _ican be according to x _i=x ₀* (1-x ₀) ^{floor (i/r)}determine, wherein i is the round values from 0 to n-1, and described the first flexible strategy are by x ₀represent, and wherein r is the number of times that value in described group is assigned to described the first flexible strategy.

5. method according to claim 1, wherein the number of the color of exclusive appointment is equal to or less than the number for the display element at display display pixel.

6. method according to claim 1, wherein the number of the color of non-exclusive appointment equals the number of the update cycle during frame displaying time.

7. method according to claim 1, each in wherein said multiple flexible strategy is corresponding to time weight.

8. method according to claim 1, each in wherein said multiple flexible strategy is corresponding to spatial weighting.

9. an equipment, it comprises:

Electronic console, it comprises the display device that can show one group of primary color;

Electronic processors, it is configured to communicate by letter with described display, and described processor is configured to image data processing, and is configured to

Described the first flexible strategy and the first selected correlation between color components from one group of primary color are joined;

Recursively select and assign one or more primary color by described one or more other flexible strategy from described group of primary color; And

On described electronic console, show each in described selected primary color according to described selected being associated flexible strategy of primary color.

10. equipment according to claim 9, it further comprises storage arrangement, described storage arrangement is configured to and described processor communication.

11. equipment according to claim 10, it further comprises drive circuit, described drive circuit is configured at least one signal to send to described display.

12. equipment according to claim 11, it further comprises controller, described controller is configured at least a portion of described view data to send to described drive circuit.

13. equipment according to claim 10, it further comprises image source module, described image source module is configured to described view data to send to described processor.

14. equipment according to claim 13, wherein said image source module comprises at least one in receiver, transceiver and transmitter.

15. equipment according to claim 10, it further comprises input media, described input media is configured to receive input data and described input data are delivered to described processor.

16. equipment according to claim 9, wherein said electronic console comprises Simulation with I MOD.

17. equipment according to claim 9, wherein said multiple flexible strategy comprise n flexible strategy, and each flexible strategy x in wherein said multiple flexible strategy _ican be according to x _i=x ₀* (1-x ₀) ⁱdetermine, wherein i is the round values from 0 to n-1, and wherein said the first flexible strategy are by x ₀represent.

18. equipment according to claim 9, it further comprises radio mobile telephone set.

19. 1 kinds have at least display device of two or more display device, and it comprises:

For identifying the device of the multiple flexible strategy that comprise at least one the first flexible strategy and one or more other flexible strategy, wherein said one or more other flexible strategy are less than described the first flexible strategy and proportional with described the first flexible strategy;

For making described the first flexible strategy and the device joining from the first correlation between color components of one group of primary color;

For will being recursively assigned to the device of described one or more other flexible strategy from one or more color of described group of primary color; And

For by according to described through assign each flexible strategy of color show described each and in described two or more display device at electronic console, show the device of final color.

20. 1 kinds of nonvolatile computer-readable storage mediums, store the instruction that causes treatment circuit to carry out the method that comprises following operation on it:

Described the first flexible strategy and the first correlation between color components from one group of primary color are joined;

By according to described through assign each flexible strategy in color show described each and in two or more display device at electronic console, show final color.

21. 1 kinds for represent to have with multiple through the weighted value unit of adding up to and the method for end value of component, it comprises:

Identify one group of N value, a wherein said N value defines the N dimension space that comprises described end value;

Value in described group is assigned to described the first flexible strategy; And

One or more value in described group is recursively assigned to described one or more other flexible strategy.