CN103971432A - Bus stop passenger flow volume counting system and method based on RFID (Radio Frequency Identification) - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to an RFID-based bus stop passenger flow counting system, including an RFID reader, an electronic tag, a wireless transmission module, a counter, a central processing unit, and a display screen, and the counter and the display screen are electrically connected to the central processing unit , the counter, central processing unit and display screen are installed in the remote dispatching center, unique user information or bus information is recorded in the electronic tag, and the RFID reader is used to read the electronic tag information, And send to the central processing unit through the wireless transmission module. The invention is mainly used for passenger flow statistics at bus stations, provides data guarantee for rationally organizing transportation capacity to match transportation volume distribution in time and space, and avoids the phenomenon that some stations are crowded with passengers and some stations are not fully loaded.

Description

An RFID-based bus station passenger flow counting system and method

technical field

The invention belongs to the field of RFID applications, in particular to an RFID-based bus station passenger flow counting system and method.

Background technique

Due to the uneven distribution of urban residents' trips in time and space, affected by the station layout, line network topology, departure frequency and the rationality of the task type, it will inevitably lead to very crowded bus interiors at some stations, and even the occurrence of station traffic jams. Stuck passengers, or the full load rate of the bus at some stations is not high. In order to formulate bus network and operation plan scientifically, it is very important to accurately obtain the time-space arrival law of passenger flow, which has outstanding practical significance and application prospect for daily operation management.

At present, the collection methods of bus passenger flow are mainly divided into two methods: manual data collection and intelligent data acquisition. The former can investigate the complete time-space arrival pattern of passenger flow through station survey, follow-up survey and on-board survey. However, the survey and data The labor cost of analysis is high, and it is impossible to collect the spatial and temporal distribution characteristics of passenger flow in real time; the latter is based on the principles of various sensors, and intelligent data collection can be divided into electronic chip information reading, human body signal detection, image processing and analysis, and various intelligent collection methods Each has advantages and disadvantages, such as: the image processing algorithm is more complicated, and the human body signal detection cannot handle the problem of crowded passenger flow detection. The latter is generally installed on the bus, and can only dynamically obtain the cross-sectional flow of the bus at a certain station, the number of passengers getting on and off, etc., but there is no way to obtain the number of people stranded at the station. A bus operation plan that does not consider the number of people stranded at the station cannot reasonably organize the transport capacity to evacuate the travel needs of passengers. In addition, each vehicle is equipped with an intelligent data mining device, which requires a very high cost, which limits the further popularization and application of the existing intelligent data mining methods.

To sum up, how to accurately obtain the spatial-temporal distribution characteristics of comprehensive bus passenger flow at low cost is a key problem to be solved urgently in the daily operation and management of public transport.

Contents of the invention

Aiming at the deficiencies of existing bus passenger flow acquisition devices, the present invention provides a low-cost, high-efficiency new bus station passenger flow counting system, each bus and all passengers carry electronic tags with them, and when the bus enters and exits the station At this time, use the RFID reader installed at the bus station to uniquely identify the information of the bus line to which the vehicle belongs, and detect the electronic tag data inside the vehicle, waiting at the station, and non-bus passenger flow residents. The differences in the electronic tag data can be analyzed to obtain the stranded passengers, the number of boarding and disembarking and cross-section traffic at each station, as well as the bus OD, so as to provide a reliable data basis for the planning and operation of the bus network.

The solution of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:

An RFID-based bus station passenger flow counting system includes an RFID reader, an electronic tag, a wireless transmission module, a counter, a central processing unit, and a display screen, the counter and the display screen are electrically connected to the central processing unit, and the The counter, central processing unit and display screen are installed in the remote dispatching center, and the unique user information or bus information is recorded in the electronic tag, and the RFID reader is used to read the electronic tag information, and pass the The wireless transmission module sends it to the central processing unit.

Described RFID reader-writer is installed on each bus station, supports one-to-many long-distance automatic reading and writing the electronic tag information near the bus station.

The display screen is LCD or LED, which is used to display the bus passenger flow analysis results on the platform, such as: the number of people getting on and off the bus, and the OD of the bus.

It also includes a vehicle-mounted GPS module installed on the bus, and the vehicle-mounted GPS module is connected to the central processing unit.

Described electronic tag comprises bus electronic tag and personal electronic tag, and the license plate, vehicle type, route information are recorded in the described public transport electronic tag, and carrier gender, age, identity (student, old man, disabled person) are recorded in described personal electronic tag ) and other information.

An RFID-based passenger flow counting method at bus stops,

a. When the bus k arrives at or leaves a certain station i, the station reporting time of the on-board GPS module is At this time, the central processor triggers the RFID reader at the site to identify the electronic tags of the bus and the electronic tag information of passengers inside and outside the bus According to the data storage structure of the line, vehicle, station, trigger time and electronic tags of all passengers, the read data is transmitted to the central server for storage;

b. When bus k arrives at or leaves a certain station i, horizontally compare the process of bus k driving from station j (j=1, 2, ..., i-1) to station i, or vertically compare different buses During the process of vehicle k arriving or leaving station i, it reads data from the central server and transmits them to the counter. According to the collection principle, Indicates the set of passenger electronic tags in the kth bus from station i to station i+1, is the number of stranded passengers at station i, including the set of passengers still waiting at the station Gather with the passengers who are going to take the vehicle k+1 at this station

c. According to the above data, for each bus k, Indicates the number of people that vehicle k boards from station i and gets off at station j, sums up the passenger flow of all vehicles at stations i and j, and calculates the bus OD.

The present invention adopts the above-mentioned several measures to improve, and installs RFID readers at all bus stops, and takes all bus and non-bus passengers near the bus and the stations as detection objects, and according to the differences in the passenger electronic tags of the vehicles at different stations, it can be summarized Passenger loading and unloading at the station, cross-section flow and bus OD, etc., and the number of people stranded at the station can be counted and analyzed. Compared with the existing bus passenger flow RFID data collection method, the required RFID readers are greatly reduced, and at the same time, the existing video detection, Pressure sensing, infrared and other signal detection methods cannot accurately obtain the defect of the number of people staying at the site.

Compared with the prior art, the RFID-based bus station passenger flow counting system disclosed in the present invention provides a new bus station passenger flow collection scheme with low cost, simple calculation, and comprehensive passenger arrival rules, which can dynamically obtain the passenger flow of each station. , cross-section flow and the number of people staying at the station, or statistically summarize and analyze the bus OD, so as to facilitate the auxiliary dispatching and scientifically carry out daily operation management.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the system structural diagram that the present invention implements;

Figure 2 is a flowchart of the implementation of the present invention.

Detailed ways

Further description will be made below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings provided by the present invention:

As shown in Figure 1, a kind of RFID-based passenger flow counting system at bus stops includes RFID reader, electronic tag, wireless transmission module, counter, central processing unit, display screen, and described counter and display screen and central processing The counter, the central processing unit and the display screen are installed in the remote dispatching center, the unique user information or bus information is recorded in the electronic tag, and the RFID reader is used to read the electronic tag information, and send it to the central processing unit through the wireless transmission module.

The RFID reader is installed at all stations, when selecting equipment, determine its longest read-write distance at each station i to be 0.5×L _i ×N _i , and set their physical access addresses so that The data interaction between the RFID reader and the central processing unit is carried out through the wireless transmission module.

Described RFID reader-writer is installed on each bus station, supports one-to-many long-distance automatic reading and writing the electronic tag information near the bus station.

The display screen is LCD or LED, which is used to classify and display counters to summarize passenger flow results, and assist dispatching managers to make scientific decisions.

It also includes a vehicle-mounted GPS module installed on the bus, and the vehicle-mounted GPS module is connected to the central processing unit.

Described electronic tag comprises bus electronic tag and personal electronic tag, and the license plate, vehicle type, route information are recorded in the described public transport electronic tag, and carrier gender, age, identity (student, old man, disabled person) are recorded in described personal electronic tag ) and other information.

A method for counting passenger flow at bus stops based on RFID disclosed by the present invention is specifically:

When the bus departs from the first stop, the RFID reader at the first stop encodes variable information such as the route, departure time, and fixed information such as the license plate and model into the electronic tag carried by the bus according to its task type. , so that the RFID reader at the follow-up site can automatically identify the bus information based on the electronic tag.

When the bus k arrives or leaves a certain station i, according to the station reporting time of the on-board GPS device At this time, the central processing unit triggers the RFID reader at the station to identify the electronic tag encoding information of the bus. According to the data storage structure of the line, vehicle, station, trigger time and all passenger electronic tags, the read data is transmitted to the central server for storage through the wireless module.

The counter directly extracts each vehicle k at different times in the central server to each station i according to It can be composed of the boarding, disembarking, in-car, station lingering and non-transit passenger flow at the station. It can compare the arrival of a certain car k to different stations horizontally or vertically compare the arrival of different vehicles at the same station. Differences, calculate the number of people boarding, getting off, the number of people in the car and the number of people staying at the station, and store the calculation results in the central server.

The specific algorithm steps of horizontal comparison are as follows:

Step 1: Determine the time when bus k arrives at stations i-1, i and i+1 as and read from the central server and

Step 2: According to the uniqueness of passenger electronic tags and the principle of set difference, Indicates the set of passenger electronic tags in the kth bus from station i to station i+1, and Indicates the number of boarders and disembarks of vehicle k from station i.

Step 3: Calculate the number of people boarding, getting off, and people in the car contained in the above electronic tag set.

Let P=Φ, for P=P∪{a}, until the collection is traversed All elements of , so as to obtain the number of people when the bus arrives at a certain stop.

Let P=Φ, for like P=P∪{a}, until the collection is traversed All the elements of , so as to obtain the number of people on board the bus at a certain station.

Let P=Φ, for like P=P∪{a}, until the collection is traversed All elements of , so as to obtain the number of people who get off the bus at a certain station.

For sites i and j, let P=Φ, for If satisfied P=P∪{a}, until the collection is traversed All the elements of , so as to obtain the number of passengers who board vehicle k at station i and get off at station j, that is, bus OD.

The specific algorithm steps of vertical comparison are as follows:

Step 1: Determine the time when buses k and k+1 arrive at stations i and i+1 as and etc., read in the central server and

Step 2: According to the uniqueness of passenger electronic tags and the principle of set difference, is the number of stranded passengers at station i, which consists of two parts, namely: the set of passengers still waiting at the station Gather with the passengers who are going to take the vehicle k+1 at this station

Step 3: Calculate the number of people staying at the station contained in the above electronic tag collection.

Let P=Φ, for P=P∪{a}, until the collection is traversed All elements of , so as to obtain the number of stranded passengers at station i at this moment.

Let P=Φ, for like P=P∪{a}, until the collection is traversed All elements of , so as to obtain the number of stranded passengers who are still waiting at station i at this moment.

Let P=Φ, for like P=P∪{a}, until the collection is traversed All elements of , so as to obtain the number of passengers stranded at the station who are going to take the vehicle k+1.

What are listed above are only specific embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, and many variations are possible, such as: RFID-based materials entering and exiting warehouses, high-speed gate entry and exit stations, etc., when buses line up to enter and exit stations, the extraction algorithm can be improved to avoid the electronics of each vehicle. Labels interfere with each other, etc. All deformations that can be directly derived or associated by those skilled in the art from the content disclosed in the present invention should be considered as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. The present invention relates to a passenger flow counting system at a bus stop based on RFID, which is characterized in that: it includes an RFID reader, an electronic tag, a wireless transmission module, a counter, a central processing unit, and a display screen, and the counter and display screen It is electrically connected with the central processing unit, the counter, the central processing unit and the display screen are installed in the remote dispatching center, the unique user information or bus information is recorded in the electronic tag, and the RFID reader is used to read The electronic label information is sent to the central processing unit through the wireless transmission module. 2. RFID-based passenger flow counting system at bus station according to claim 1, characterized in that: described RFID reader is installed on each bus station, supports one-to-many long-distance automatic reading and writing near the bus station electronic label information. 3. The bus station passenger flow counting system based on RFID according to claim 1, characterized in that: the display screen is LCD or LED, which is used to display the bus passenger flow analysis results summarized by the platform. 4. The RFID-based bus station passenger flow counting system according to claim 1, characterized in that: it also includes a vehicle-mounted GPS module installed on the bus, and the vehicle-mounted GPS module is connected to the central processing unit. 5. A REID-based bus station passenger flow counting method is characterized in that: specifically comprise the steps: a. When the bus k arrives at or leaves a certain station i, the station reporting time of the on-board GPS module is The central processing unit triggers the RFID reader of the station i at this moment to identify the electronic tags of the bus and the electronic tag information of the passengers inside and outside the bus According to the data storage structure of the line, vehicle, station, trigger time and electronic tags of all passengers, the read data is transmitted to the central server for storage through the wireless module; b. When bus k arrives at or leaves a certain station i, horizontally compare the process of bus k driving from station j (j=1, 2, ..., i-1) to station i, or vertically compare different buses When car k arrives or leaves station i, it reads data from the central server and transmit them to the counter, according to the set principle, Indicates the set of passenger electronic tags in the kth bus from station i to station i+1, and Indicates the number of boarders and disembarks of vehicle k from station i, is the number of stranded passengers at station i, including the set of passengers still waiting at the station Gather with the passengers who are going to take the vehicle k+1 at this station c. According to the above data, for each bus k, Indicates the number of people that vehicle k boards from station i and gets off at station j, sums up the passenger flow of all vehicles at stations i and j, and calculates the bus OD.