CN103969710B - The symmetrical vector light beam focusing plano-concave of one-dimensional metal photon crystals post mirror - Google Patents
The symmetrical vector light beam focusing plano-concave of one-dimensional metal photon crystals post mirror Download PDFInfo
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- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 45
- 239000013078 crystal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 23
- 239000004038 photonic crystal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 230000010287 polarization Effects 0.000 abstract description 12
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 abstract description 11
- 230000033228 biological regulation Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
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- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
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- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silver Chemical compound [Ag] BQCADISMDOOEFD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 235000012489 doughnuts Nutrition 0.000 description 2
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- PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N gold Chemical compound [Au] PCHJSUWPFVWCPO-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
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- 229910052737 gold Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
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- Optical Modulation, Optical Deflection, Nonlinear Optics, Optical Demodulation, Optical Logic Elements (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses the symmetrical vector light beam focusing plano-concave of a kind of one-dimensional metal photon crystals post mirror, relate to light field regulation and control field in sub-wavelength photonic propulsion. The one-dimensional metal photon crystals that this plano-concave mirror is arranged by metal level and dielectric layer alternate cycle forms, and along photonic crystal cycle direction, a side is plane, and opposite side is hemispherical concave surface. Utilize the negative refractive index of photonic crystal and ability of regulation and control to crossed polarized light time, this structure can focus on radially and rotation direction polarised light effectively, and the size of focal beam spot is sub-wavelength magnitude. , this structure can realize the focusing of sub-wavelength yardstick to the symmetrical vector beam of the post of random polarization component. By changing composition material and structural parameters, this focusing effect can be realized in broadband. Constituent material of the present invention is simple, parameter easily designs, structure is easily prepared, and has good application prospect in the field such as near field optic, quantum optices.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the micro-knot of metal for light field regulation and control in the fields such as a kind of sub-wavelength photonic propulsion, quantum optices, optical micro-manipulationStructure, in particular a kind of photonic crystal plano-concave mirror focusing on for the symmetrical vector beam sub-wavelength of coupled columns, belongs to artificial micro-structuralThe crossing domain of material and the regulation and control of meticulous light field.
Background technology
Artificial micro-structural realizes electromagnetic flexible regulation and control and the novel optical characteristics of sub-wavelength scale micro-structure,It is the study hotspot of current optics and multidisciplinary forward position crossing domain. And the meticulous light field that realizes the symmetrical vector beam of post regulates and controls at sub-rippleThe research fields such as long photonic propulsion, near field optic, quantum optices all have extensive and long-term application prospect. By Asia, material structure unitWavelength dimension design, can realize the meticulous control of light field physical quantity; And can realize the optical property that macroscopic material cannot realize, asNegative index etc.; Compact optical element based on metal photonic crystal also makes the integrated reality that is tending towards of photoelectricity.
Nineteen sixty-eight, Soviet scientists V.G.Veselago (VeselagoVG.Theelectrodynamicsofsubstanceswithsimultaneouslynegativevaluesof∈andμ[J].Physics-Uspekhi,1968,10(4):509-514.) foretold the existence with negative permittivity and negative magnetoconductivity medium, this medium is called " left hand medium ", itRefractive index is negative value, has abnormal refraction phenomenon.
1987, E.Yablonovitch (YablonovitchE.Inhibitedspontaneousemissioninsolid-statephysicsandelectronics[J].Physicalreviewletters,1987,58(20):2059)And S.John (JohnS.Stronglocalizationofphotonsincertaindisordereddiel ectricSuperlattices[J] .Physicalreviewletters, 1987,58 (23): 2486-2489) independently propose respectivelyThe concept of photonic crystal (photoniccrystal).
Calendar year 2001, D.R.Smith (ShelbyRA, SmithDR, the SchultzS.Experimental of California, USA universityverificationofanegativeindexofrefraction[J].science,2001,292(5514):77-79.)Point out to utilize the negative refraction of photonic crystal can realize the sub-wavelength focusing to light.
In recent years, the negative refraction of photonic crystal gets more and more people's extensive concerning. 2006, (VodoP, the Lu such as P.VodoWT,HuangY,etal.Negativerefractionandplano-concavelensfocusinginone-dimensionalphotoniccrystals[J].Appliedphysicsletters,2006,89(8):084104；VodoP,LuWT,HuangY,etal.Negativerefractionandplano-concavelensfocusinginone-dimensionalphotoniccrystals[J].Appliedphysicsletters,2006,89(8):084104) analyzed the negative refractive index of one dimension, 2 D photon crystal, and realized with a peacekeeping 2 D photon crystal plano-concave mirrorThe focusing of linearly polarized light.
Realizing the effective manipulation to light-matter interaction, is the long-term targets of pursuing of people. Intactly describe a light field, relate toAnd fundamental physical quantity comprise frequency, amplitude, position mutually and polarization. Polarization state is at the vectorial field of space non-uniform Distribution, with scalarLight field is compared, temporal-spatial evolution and with matter interaction aspect contain abundanter physical effect.
First the analysis theories of the focusing of polarised light proposes (RichardsB, WolfE. by Richards and WolfElectromagneticdiffractioninopticalsystems.II.Structureoftheimagefieldinanaplanaticsystem[J].ProceedingsoftheRoyalSocietyofLondon.SeriesA.MathematicalandPhysicalSciences,1959,253(1274):358-379.)。
According to Maxwell equation group, can obtain the solution of vector beam, wherein, the symmetrical vector beam of post is that amplitude and phase place are allThe vector beam that axial symmetry distributes, wherein comprises radial polarisation light and rotation direction polarised light, as shown in Figure 3. Due to their field pointCloth is the particularity of polarization direction, arouses great concern (HallDG.Vector-beamsolutionsofMaxwell’swaveequation[J].Opticsletters,1996,21(1):9-11.)。
The focus characteristics of the symmetrical vector beam uniqueness of post has caused people's large quantity research. Wherein, radial polarisation light ratio even polarization dividesThe light of cloth can be focused onto in less space. Under strong-focusing, radial polarisation light can produce longitudinal component, thus focal beam spotIn three dimensions, present fusiformis. The sub-wavelength of radial polarisation light focuses on and can be applied to that etching, copolymerization Jiao are micro-, optical data storageDeng field (DornR, QuabisS, LeuchsG.Sharperfocusforaradiallypolarizedlightbeam[J].Physicalreviewletters,2003,91(23):233901.)。
Rotation direction polarised light can focus in the space of baked donut shape, and the centre of focus does not have optical field distribution, thereby can expand lightThe range of application of tweezer. Use two half-wave plate polarization rotators, can change the direction of electric field intensity and angle radially, obtain oneAs the symmetrical vector beam of post. By controlling radially and the proportion of rotation direction polarised light at the symmetrical vector beam of post, can focus on and obtain notSame focus shape, comprises central peak shape, baked donut shape, flat-top shape etc. This has just expanded the scope of its application more. Certainly,The symmetrical vector beam of this post and focusing on also can be applied to a lot of other aspects, and for example, high-resolution is micro-, frequency displacement, electricitySon acceleration, light manipulation, nonlinear optics, high accuracy tolerance etc. (ZhanQ, LegerJ.Focusshapingusingcylindricalvectorbeams[J].OpticsExpress,2002,10(7):324-331.)。
Utilize special periodic structure, the sub-wavelength yardstick that can realize radial polarisation light focuses on. (the Wr ó bel such as such as Wr ó belPP,PniewskiJ,AntosiewiczTJ,etal.Focusingradiallypolarizedlightbyaconcentricallycorrugatedsilverfilmwithoutahole[J].Physicalreviewletters,2009,102 (18): 183902.) there is the thin silverskin structure of atresia of concentric grooves the both sides of report, due to the spy of radial polarisation polarization stateDifferent property, electromagnetic wave has excited surface phasmon (SPP) in concentric grooves structure, in the rear surface of this structure, between different groovesThe SPP ripple exciting interferes with each other, and has formed special focusing effect. This nano lens structure can will be radially inclined to one side at visible light wave rangeIt is in the space of 0.46 λ that the light that shakes focuses on half maximum overall with, and the sub-wavelength of realizing visible ray focuses on.
In sum, the light field study on regulation of the symmetrical vector beam of the photon study on regulation of people to photonic crystal and post permeatesTo each crossing domain. The sub-wavelength yardstick light field regulation and control over-borrowing of the symmetrical vector beam of post helps SPP priming effect micro-structural to realize,And the polarization conditions that SPP excites has limited to radially focusing on rotation direction polarised light sub-wavelength yardstick when and has realized. Meanwhile, photon crystalline substanceThe research that the sub-wavelength yardstick of the symmetrical vector beam of body coupled columns focuses on has no open.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the symmetrical vector beam sub-wavelength of existing post yardstick focuses on and depends on surface phasmon and excite effectThe polarization state restriction that should cause, and break through the limitation of metal photonic crystal light field regulation and control object, provides the one can be to radially inclined to one sideShake light and rotation direction polarised light carries out the one-dimensional metal photon crystals plano-concave mirror of sub-wavelength yardstick focusing simultaneously.
The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions:
The symmetrical vector light beam focusing plano-concave of one-dimensional metal photon crystals post mirror, this plano-concave mirror is arranged by metal level and dielectric layer alternate cycleOne-dimensional metal photon crystals form, along photonic crystal cycle direction, a side is plane, opposite side is hemispherical concave surface.
The planar side of described plano-concave mirror is made up of metal level and the dielectric layer alternative arrangement in some cycles, the hemispherical of concave side and planeThe metal level of side is tangent, and the cross section, edge that forms hemispheric each metal level and dielectric layer is right angle.
Further, the planar side of described plano-concave mirror is incident end, and concave side is exit end.
The cycle of described one-dimensional metal photon crystals and operation wavelength are same magnitude, but are less than operation wavelength.
Further, for definite service band, the size of described plano-concave mirror and material parameter, should make this operation wavelength be positioned atIn second of one-dimensional metal photon crystals can be with.
Metal photonic crystal has parameter: the cycle is d, and metal layer thickness is a, and thickness of dielectric layers is b=d-a, metal and mediumDielectric constant be respectively εaAnd εb。
The band structure of this metal photonic crystal can obtain by following computing formula:
Wherein k is Bloch wave, kaAnd kbBe respectively the electromagnetic wave wave vector in bi-material, ω is incident light frequency. Pass throughBand structure relation determines that the each structure and material parameter of metal photonic crystal meets operation wavelength and is positioned at second and can be with. The symmetrical vector of postBeam plane ripple, from planar ends incident, will obtain sub-wavelength yardstick axial focused light distribution at exit end.
According to the yardstick of operation wavelength, select suitable metal material as silver, gold, copper or aluminium, carry out structure ginseng in conjunction with band structureNumber design, the focus characteristics of this sub-wavelength yardstick can be at centimeter wave, Terahertz, infraredly to visible light wave range, realize.
Operation principle of the present invention is mainly based on following 3 points:
1. the lens that material with negative refractive index forms can be realized the focusing that breaks through diffraction limit.
2. second of metal photonic crystal the equivalent refractive index that can be with is for negative.
3. photonic crystal has ability of regulation and control simultaneously to orthogonal polarisation state.
The invention provides a kind of plano-concave mirror that is easy to preparation and 1-D photon crystal structure simple in structure, realize radially and revolveFocus on to polarised light sub-wavelength yardstick simultaneously. Have the following advantages:
(1) the present invention's easy design simple in structure, material obtains easily, and preparation easily realizes.
(2) when the present invention can realize polarised light radially and rotation direction polarised light, the focusing of sub-wavelength yardstick, has broken through existingThe polarization state limitation of technology. , can realize the sub-wavelength yardstick of the symmetrical vector beam of the post of random polarization component is focused on.
(3) the present invention, by the suitable selection of material and the appropriate design of structural parameters, can realize described function in broadbandAnd performance.
(4) compact conformation of the present invention, is applicable to photon integrated, and has good application in the field such as near field optic, quantum opticesProspect.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the r-z plane of the symmetrical vector light beam focusing plano-concave of one-dimensional metal photon crystals post of the present invention mirror under post symmetric coordinates systemSectional view.
Fig. 2 (a) and (b) be respectively overall structure and the part of the symmetrical vector light beam focusing plano-concave of one-dimensional metal photon crystals post mirrorEffect structure figure.
Fig. 3 (a) and (b) be respectively rotation direction polarised light and the radial polarisation light electric field polarization distribution schematic diagram in lateral cross section.
Fig. 4 is the metal photonic crystal band structure figure of embodiment, and dotted line collimation mark has gone out negative refraction frequency range.
Fig. 5 radially respectively accounts for 50% column vector beam focusing effect in an embodiment with rotation direction component under finite element algorithm, wherein(a) be longitudinal cross-section optical field distribution, be (b) focal beam spot at horizontal amplification effect figure, be (c) that on optical axis, longitudinally light field is strongDegree overall lateral light field distribution corresponding to maximum, (d) be the horizontal distribution of light intensity distribution in focus place, i.e. (a), (b) and (c)The optical field distribution of position shown in dotted line in figure.
Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 are respectively radial polarisation light and rotation direction polarised light focusing effect in an embodiment under finite element algorithm, (a),(b), same Fig. 5 of connotation of (c), (d).
Detailed description of the invention
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated, the present embodiment is implemented under taking technical solution of the present invention as prerequisite, givesGone out detailed embodiment and concrete operating process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.
As shown in Figure 1, the present embodiment is the symmetrical vector light beam focusing plano-concave of one-dimensional metal photon crystals post mirror made of aluminum, by goldBelong to layer 1 and become one-dimensional metal photon crystals structure with dielectric layer 2 alternative arrangements, and clip hemisphere on this architecture basics, form one dimensionThe flat concave lens structure of metal photonic crystal, hemisphere is optimized to vertical with every skim cross section of concave side that metal photonic crystal cuts by curved surfaceWall. Its structural parameters are: the one-dimensional metal photon crystals cycle is d=1cm, and the thickness of metal level is a=0.5cm, clip halfThe radius of a ball is R=18cm. Integrally-built radius is 21cm, by five complete cycles that formed by metal level 1 and dielectric layer 2 withAnd 18 imperfect cycles that intercept with hemisphere and obtain form. The material of metal level 1 can be silver, gold, copper or aluminium etc.
The planar side of the present embodiment plano-concave mirror is incident end, and concave side is exit end. Its refractive index is negative value in operating wave strong point.
Calculating ω-k pass by formula (1) is band structure figure, and as shown in Figure 4, dotted line collimation mark has gone out negative refraction frequency range,Second can be with negative refraction frequency range corresponding, in this frequency range, the folding of the photonic crystal plano-concave mirror of this periodic structure under operation wavelengthThe rate of penetrating is negative value, thereby controls emergent light in half spherical space, and the emergent light of periodic structure interferes and causes light in half spherical spaceField forms new distribution, thereby obtains the effect focusing on. The polarisation distribution of the symmetrical vector beam of the post symmetry of structure and post adapts,And the negative refractive index of equivalence can to orthogonal radially and rotation direction polarised light realize simultaneously. Therefore, at second of this photonic crystalCan be with in frequency range, can realize radially and when rotation direction polarised light sub-wavelength yardstick focusing on.
Fig. 5 has provided the present embodiment in finite element algorithm simulation focusing effect to column vector beam, wherein radially with rotation direction polarizationWhat light was shared is in equal proportions.
Fig. 6 and Fig. 7 have provided radially the focusing effect with rotation direction polarised light, plano-concave lens under the light source of 11.48GHz irradiates,Obtain corresponding focus in the inner space of semiglobe, the dielectric constant of aluminium is taken as 8.9. The focal length of aforementioned column vector beam is about9.25cm, the focal length of radial polarisation light is about 9.25cm, and the focal length of rotation direction polarised light is about 9.8cm.
This shows, the present embodiment is to radially all having focussing force with rotation direction polarised light, and the focal length of the two exists certainDifference. As shown in Fig. 5-7, the FWHM of the focus that three kinds of polarised lights obtain under the focusing of the present embodiment structure be respectively 1.1cm,1cm and 1.2cm. This can illustrate, the symmetrical vector light beam focusing plano-concave of the one-dimensional metal photon crystals post mirror of the present embodiment can be realizedThe sub-wavelength of column vector beam is focused on.
Claims (3)
1. the symmetrical vector light beam focusing plano-concave of one-dimensional metal photon crystals post mirror, is characterized in that, this plano-concave mirror is by metal level and dielectric layerThe one-dimensional metal photon crystals that alternate cycle is arranged forms, and along photonic crystal cycle direction, a side is plane, and opposite side has oneHemispherical concave surface, the profile of hemispherical concave surface is by every one deck of described one-dimensional metal photon crystals is carried out cutting and formed; Described oneCycle and the operation wavelength of dimension metal photonic crystal are same magnitude, but are less than operation wavelength, and operation wavelength is positioned at described one-dimensional metalIn second of photonic crystal can be with.
2. the symmetrical vector light beam focusing plano-concave of one-dimensional metal photon crystals post according to claim 1 mirror, is characterized in that, described inThe planar side of plano-concave mirror is made up of metal level and the dielectric layer alternative arrangement in some cycles, the hemispherical of concave side and the metal of planar sideLayer is tangent, and the cross section, edge that forms hemispheric each metal level and dielectric layer is right angle.
3. the symmetrical vector light beam focusing plano-concave of one-dimensional metal photon crystals post according to claim 1 mirror, is characterized in that, described inThe planar side of plano-concave mirror is incident end, and concave side is exit end.
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| CN105116490B (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2018-03-06 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of design method of the controllable 1-D photon crystal plano-concave mirror of focal length |
| CN105116474B (en) * | 2015-09-16 | 2017-12-05 | 南京邮电大学 | The flat axicon lens of 1-D photon crystal that a kind of column vector beam Diode laser sub-wavelength focuses on |
| CN105403936B (en) * | 2015-12-09 | 2017-04-19 | 南京邮电大学 | Column vector light beam focusing negative refractive index optical grating plane-concave lens |
| CN105629463B (en) * | 2016-01-20 | 2017-11-24 | 浙江大学 | A kind of design method for the circularly polarized light separator for surpassing surface based on artificial micro-structure |
| CN106019429B (en) * | 2016-07-13 | 2018-04-10 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of 1-D photon crystal plano-concave mirror of column vector beam sub-wavelength multiple-point focusing |
| CN106772727B (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2019-07-09 | 南京邮电大学 | A kind of column vector beam dielectric grating Diode laser condenser lens |
| CN110176324B (en) * | 2019-06-03 | 2024-03-29 | 中国科学技术大学 | Device and method for capturing and controlling metal micron particles based on dielectric multilayer film |
| CN111999904B (en) * | 2020-08-26 | 2022-04-15 | 东南大学 | Device for generating super-chiral optical field |
| CN113820763B (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2022-10-25 | 华南理工大学 | Micro-lens based on high-refractive-index medium substrate |
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| CN101329246A (en) * | 2008-04-18 | 2008-12-24 | 中国科学技术大学 | Curved surface composite super resolution current-carrying tube |
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| WO2006124962A2 (en) * | 2005-05-16 | 2006-11-23 | Northeastern University | Photonic crystal devices using negative refraction |
| TW201024800A (en) * | 2008-12-30 | 2010-07-01 | Ind Tech Res Inst | Negative refraction photonic crystal lens |
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| CN101799566A (en) * | 2010-04-12 | 2010-08-11 | 东南大学 | Nano lens with semi-sphere multiplayer film structure |
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