CN103969401B - A kind of network-enabled intelligent CO sensor - Google Patents
A kind of network-enabled intelligent CO sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103969401B CN103969401B CN201410172865.6A CN201410172865A CN103969401B CN 103969401 B CN103969401 B CN 103969401B CN 201410172865 A CN201410172865 A CN 201410172865A CN 103969401 B CN103969401 B CN 103969401B
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- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 67
- 238000013519 translation Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000006870 function Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000002093 peripheral effect Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000012544 monitoring process Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000003860 storage Methods 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005538 encapsulation Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000003822 epoxy resin Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000007246 mechanism Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 229920000647 polyepoxide Polymers 0.000 claims description 3
- 230000003068 static effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000012546 transfer Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000004880 explosion Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000002265 prevention Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000004088 simulation Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000005540 biological transmission Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012937 correction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000007812 deficiency Effects 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of network-enabled intelligent CO sensor, described network-enabled intelligent CO sensor adopts based on I
2the application layer protocol of C bus, comprise four line sockets, power circuit, communication interface circuit, CO detect translation circuit, single chip circuit, two power leads of described four line sockets connect power circuits, and its two order wire is I
2c order wire, and connect communication interface circuit; Described communication interface circuit connects single chip circuit, and single chip circuit adopts the single-chip microcomputer STM32L151C8T6 with Cortex-M3 kernel, includes eeprom memory, sheet is integrated with required DAC, ADC and I
2c peripheral hardware; Described CO detects translation circuit and connects single chip circuit.The present invention has explosion prevention function, and its output is directly data-signal, and simplify transmitter circuit, transmitter unpacks and can obtain measured value; Have network function, a transmitter can connect and comprise the multiple intelligent sensor of intelligent CO sensor, and energy is allocation address automatically, can realize plug and play.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the technical field of intelligent sensor, refer in particular to a kind of network-enabled intelligent CO sensor.
Background technology
Conventional CO sensor mostly is analog sensor, when first time is connected with transmitter, could use after all needing to demarcate sensor with calibrating gas, and nominal data is stored in transmitter.If desired more emat sensor, then must re-start correction.Calibration process is generally completed at use scene by user, and therefore user must have the calibrating gas of variable concentrations, and this uses CO sensor very inconvenient to user.In addition, dissimilar simulation CO sensor needs in transmitter, have corresponding circuit to coordinate, and therefore the transmitter of a type can only configure specific simulation CO sensor, which has limited the selection of user to simulation CO sensor.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and shortcoming, there is provided a kind of intelligent CO sensor based on simple high-efficiency network agreement, have explosion prevention function, its output is directly data-signal, simplify transmitter circuit, transmitter unpacks and can obtain measured value; Have network function, a transmitter can connect and comprise the multiple intelligent sensor of intelligent CO sensor, and energy is allocation address automatically, can realize plug and play.
For achieving the above object, technical scheme provided by the present invention is: a kind of network-enabled intelligent CO sensor, and described network-enabled intelligent CO sensor becomes four line intelligence CO sensors through epoxy resin encapsulation, and its procotol adopts based on I
2the application layer protocol of C bus, it includes four line sockets, power circuit, communication interface circuit, CO detect translation circuit, single chip circuit, and wherein, two power leads of described four line sockets connect power circuits, and its two order wire is I
2c order wire, and connect communication interface circuit; Described communication interface circuit connects single chip circuit, and described single chip circuit adopts the single-chip microcomputer STM32L151C8T6 with Cortex-M3 kernel, includes eeprom memory, sheet is integrated with required DAC, ADC and I
2c peripheral hardware; Described CO detects translation circuit and connects single chip circuit, realizes detecting that CO signal converts, and exports to the inner ADC of single-chip microcomputer STM32L151C8T6, is converted to data-signal.
Described power circuit adopts LDO power supply chip SPX3819, and the reference power source of ADC adopts REF3020, and described reference power source connects the ADC pin of single-chip microcomputer STM32L151C8T6, with its reading for reference value, corrects the simulating signal of other pin.
Described communication interface circuit is by the I of single-chip microcomputer STM32L151C8T6
2c pin, connect two I
2the pull-up resistor of C order wire and esd protection chip PRTR5V0U2X form.
Described CO detects translation circuit and is made up of CO analog sensor ME2-CO, technotron and amplifier, and its working point exports setting by the DAC of single-chip microcomputer STM32L151C8T6.
The Physical layer of the procotol of described network-enabled intelligent CO sensor adopts I
2the Physical layer of C agreement, its data link layer adopts I
2a subset of C agreement, adopts I
2slave Receiver in C communication pattern and Master Transmitter two kinds of communication patterns, be in Slave Receiver pattern at ordinary times, Master Transmitter pattern is become when needs send data, after being sent completely, again transfer Slave Receiver pattern to, wait for data receiver; I
2c agreement supports multi-host communication mechanism, and each node in network is reciprocity, and transmitter is an aggregation node, and for collecting data, sensor node is a detection node, for image data; In the protocol, address 0 is the I of broadcast address, transmitter node
2c address is fixed as 1; Each sensor node have oneself independently No. ID, No. ID is unique number of sensor node, and forming by 96, is No. ID of the MCU of STM32, when not adopting STM32 series monolithic, can work out sensor node ID number voluntarily, as long as keep uniqueness; Sensor node is not before having allocation address, and by transmitter address 1 to its applied address, transmitter configures I by broadcast mode to No. ID, application node
2c address, the address that sensor node distributes is a value between 2 ~ 127, and transmitter distributes according to the sensor ID of its internal registration and idle address; A static information table preserving each sensor node is had, No. ID containing sensor node, I in transmitter node
2c address, variable character and communication cycle information, this table is kept in the inside EEPROM of single-chip microcomputer; The application layer data bag of described procotol is made up of address, function number, variable name, variate-value and check code, preserve in transmitter variable name code and for variable explain, relative to the data dictionary simplified, can make an explanation to this packet according to this data dictionary when transmitter obtains sensor data packet and show, realize plug and play.
Two kinds of communication patterns supported by described network-enabled intelligent CO sensor, the request of being respectively-reply communication patterns and Publish-subscribe communication pattern; Described request-reply communication patterns is mainly used in transmitter node to sensor node setting running parameter and sensor node applied address; Described Publish-subscribe communication pattern is mainly used in sensor node to transmitter node periodic report measured value and alarming value.
There are three tables of data described sensor node inside, is respectively running parameter table, real-time measuring data table and alarm meter; Described running parameter table is kept in the inner EEPROM of single-chip microcomputer, for the parameter of storage sensor work, is upgraded by communication module, and other two other table is kept in single-chip microcomputer internal SRAM; Described real-time measuring data table stores measures real time data, preserves the data of three time points simultaneously, can realize rate of change and report to the police, be upgraded by cycle data acquisition module; Described cycle data acquisition module gathers CO data periodically according to the running parameter of sensor, and is kept in real-time measuring data table together with sampling instant, and the sampling period is the half of communication cycle; Adopt monitoring module to process the real time data in real-time measuring data table according to the running parameter of running parameter table, and result is kept in alarm meter; Described communication module upgrades according to warning and sends data to transmitter node in time, also sends data according to the communication cycle of sensor node periodically to transmitter node simultaneously.
Compared with prior art, tool has the following advantages and beneficial effect in the present invention:
1, completed when this intelligent CO sensor dispatches from the factory and demarcated and be stored in the inner EEPROM of single-chip microcomputer, do not needed on-site proving;
2, this intelligent CO sensor has explosion prevention function, and its output is directly data-signal, and simplify transmitter circuit, transmitter unpacks and can obtain measured value;
3, this intelligent CO sensor adopts based on I
2the application layer protocol of C bus, can pass through programming realization, realize cost low on general single chip; This agreement supports that the instrument and meter for automation such as transmitter or controller connects multiple intelligent sensor simultaneously, can automatically identify and distribute I when transmitter is connected with intelligent sensor
2c address, has plug-and-play feature;
4, the communication mode of this intelligent CO sensor and transmitter is supported to ask-answer-mode and subscription/publication pattern simultaneously, is conducive to reducing bus traffic and improving real-time.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structured flowchart of network-enabled intelligent CO sensor.
Fig. 2 is the data flow diagram of network-enabled intelligent CO sensor.
Fig. 3 a is the main program flow chart of network-enabled intelligent CO sensor.
Fig. 3 b is the interrupt routine process flow diagram of network-enabled intelligent CO sensor.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with specific embodiment, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 1, the network-enabled intelligent CO sensor described in the present embodiment, become four line intelligence CO sensors through epoxy resin encapsulation, its procotol adopts based on I
2the application layer protocol of C bus, it includes four line socket M100, power circuit M101, communication interface circuit M102, CO detect translation circuit M103, single chip circuit M104, wherein, by four line socket M100 and transmitter etc., other uses the instrument and meter for automation of this intelligent CO sensor or device to be connected to described network-enabled intelligent CO sensor; Two power leads of described four line socket M100 connect power circuit M101, are provided the power supply of whole intelligent CO sensor by power circuit M101; Two order wires of described four line socket M100 are I
2c order wire, and connect communication interface circuit M102; Described communication interface circuit M102 connects single chip circuit M104, described single chip circuit M104 adopts the STM32L series low-power scm STM32L151C8T6 with Cortex-M3 kernel, include eeprom memory, sheet is integrated with required DAC, ADC and I
2c peripheral hardware, makes SCM peripheral circuit reduce to minimum; Described power circuit M101 adopts low noise high precision LDO power supply chip SPX3819, the reference power source of ADC adopts REF3020, because selected single-chip microcomputer does not have independent ADC reference power source pin, described reference power source connects the ADC pin of single-chip microcomputer STM32L151C8T6, with its reading for reference value, the simulating signal of other pin is corrected, overcome the fluctuation of single-chip simulation supply voltage; Described communication interface circuit M102 is by the I of single-chip microcomputer STM32L151C8T6
2c pin, connect two I
2the pull-up resistor of C order wire and esd protection chip PRTR5V0U2X form; Described CO detects translation circuit M103 and connects single chip circuit M104, be made up of CO analog sensor ME2-CO, technotron J177 and amplifier LMC6462, its working point exports setting by the DAC of single-chip microcomputer STM32L151C8T6, can realize detecting that CO signal converts, and export to the inner ADC of single-chip microcomputer STM32L151C8T6, be converted to data-signal, then according to the parameter value stored in EEPROM, measurement data corrected, finally obtain CO concentration measurement.
Described in the present embodiment, the procotol of network-enabled intelligent CO sensor is at existing I
2on C bus protocol basis, increase application layer and form, as shown in table 1 below.
Table 1-network protocol layer
The Physical layer of this agreement adopts I
2the Physical layer of C agreement, the data link layer of this agreement adopts I
2a subset of C agreement, adopts I
2slave Receiver in C communication pattern and Master Transmitter two kinds of communication patterns, be in Slave Receiver pattern at ordinary times, Master Transmitter pattern is become when needs send data, after being sent completely, again transfer Slave Receiver pattern to, wait for data receiver.I
2c agreement supports multi-host communication mechanism, and each node in network is reciprocity, but plays the part of different role in the application layer of this agreement, and transmitter is an aggregation node, and for collecting data, sensor node is a detection node, for image data.In this agreement, address 0 is the I of broadcast address, transmitter node
2c address is fixed as 1.Each sensor node have oneself independently No. ID, No. ID is unique number of sensor node, by 96 (12 bytes, Device electronic signature) composition, it is No. ID of the MCU of STM32, when not adopting STM32 series monolithic, sensor node ID number can be worked out voluntarily, as long as keep the uniqueness of native system.Sensor node is not before having allocation address, and by transmitter address 1 to its applied address, transmitter configures I by broadcast mode to application node (No. ID)
2c address, the address that sensor node distributes is a value between 2 ~ 127, and transmitter carries out distributing according to the sensor ID of its internal registration and the address of free time.A static information table preserving each sensor node is had, No. ID containing sensor node, I in transmitter node
2the information such as C address, variable character and communication cycle, this table is kept in the inside EEPROM of single-chip microcomputer.
Present networksization intelligence CO sensor supports two kinds of communication patterns, the request of being respectively-reply communication patterns and Publish-subscribe communication pattern; Described request-reply communication patterns is mainly used in transmitter node to sensor node setting running parameter and sensor node applied address; Described Publish-subscribe communication pattern is mainly used in sensor node to transmitter node periodic report measured value and alarming value.
The application layer data bag of this agreement is made up of address, function number, variable name, variate-value and check code, as shown in table 2 below.
Table 2-application layer data bag
| 1 byte | 1 byte | 1 byte | 4 bytes | N byte | 2 bytes |
| Address | Function number | Data length | Variable name | Variate-value | Check code |
In transmitter, preserve variable name code and corresponding variable is explained, relative to the data dictionary simplified, can make an explanation to this packet according to this data dictionary when transmitter obtains sensor data packet and show, realize plug and play.
As shown in Figure 2, there are three tables of data sensor node inside, is respectively M301 running parameter table, M302 real-time measuring data table and M303 alarm meter.M301 running parameter table is kept in the inner EEPROM of single-chip microcomputer, for the parameter of storage sensor work, is upgraded by M304 communication module, and other two other table is kept in single-chip microcomputer internal SRAM.M302 real-time measuring data table stores measures real time data, preserves the data of three time points simultaneously, can realize rate of change and report to the police, be upgraded by M305 cycle data acquisition module.M305 cycle data acquisition module gathers CO data periodically according to the running parameter of sensor, and is kept in the real-time measuring data table of M302 together with sampling instant, and the sampling period is the half of communication cycle.M306 is monitoring module, and M306 monitoring module processes the real time data in M302 real-time measuring data table according to the running parameter of M301 running parameter table, and result is kept in the alarm meter of M303.M304 communication module upgrades according to the warning of M303 alarm meter and sends data to transmitter node in time, also sends data according to the communication cycle of sensor node periodically to transmitter node simultaneously.
The software program of present networksization intelligence CO sensor is made up of master routine and interrupt routine, and interrupt routine has System Tick Timer timer interrupt program and I
2c receive interruption program.The every 10mS timing of timer interrupt program once, is the timing base unit in communication cycle and sampling period, only carries out simple addition timing in this interrupt routine.As shown in Figure 3 a, after M400 intelligence CO sensor powers on, enter M401 and carry out system initialization, comprise I/O initialization and On-Chip peripheral initialization, peripheral hardware initialization comprises ADC, DAC, I
2c and System Tick Timer initialization, distributes provisional communication buffer zone, reception data buffer and real time data table, starts System Tick Timer and interrupts and I
2c receive interruption; Then enter M402 and carry out the inspection of intelligent CO sensor node running parameter, if having parameter not in normal range of operation, then carry out initialization with default parameter, and be kept in EEPROM.Default parameter, in the Flash of program storage area, is determined when the production of intelligent CO sensor, can not be revised.Enter main program cycle afterwards, M403 judges whether the sampling time arrives, if do not arrive, enters the communication module of M406; Otherwise enter M404 and carry out cycle data sampling, the sampling period gets the half of communication cycle, and communication cycle can pass through host computer (transmitter or controller etc.) and configure.After having sampled, enter M405 and carry out monitoring module, sampled data is processed and alarm decision, and alarming result is kept in alert data table.Enter M406 communication module afterwards, this module has coordinated the user of the running parameter of the real-time transmission of sampling period data and alert data and intelligent CO sensor to configure with communications reception interrupt routine.As shown in Figure 3 b, when data packet addressed on network be this intelligent CO sensor node address or broadcast address time, enter the I of M411
2c receive interruption, be kept in ephemeral data buffer zone receive data in M412 module, revise the data byte number of reception simultaneously, enter M413 afterwards to carry out in packet data byte length and receive data byte number and compare and determine whether last data byte, if not last byte, then carry out the I of M418
2c interrupts returning; If last byte, then calculate the check code of packet, judge whether the packet received makes mistakes.If make mistakes, enter M417 and carry out error handling processing, comprise data receiver byte number and reset, and mark communication failure, wait for that the communication of master routine to failure processes; If check code is correct, then enter M416, the data conversion storage of ephemeral data memory block in communications reception buffer zone, and data amount check resets, and prepares the communication of lower packet, carries out communication pass flag simultaneously, wait for that master routine processes.Transmitting portion in signal procedure realizes in master routine, complete intelligent CO sensor by interrupt routine and the cooperation of master routine with the communicating of host computer (transmitter or controller etc.).
The examples of implementation of the above are only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, not limit practical range of the present invention with this, therefore the change that all shapes according to the present invention, principle are done, all should be encompassed in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a network-enabled intelligent CO sensor, is characterized in that: described network-enabled intelligent CO sensor becomes four line intelligence CO sensors through epoxy resin encapsulation, and its procotol adopts based on I
2the application layer protocol of C bus, it includes four line sockets (M100), power circuit (M101), communication interface circuit (M102), CO detection translation circuit (M103), single chip circuit (M104), wherein, two power leads of described four line sockets (M100) connect power circuit (M101), and its two order wire is I
2c order wire, and connect communication interface circuit (M102); Described communication interface circuit (M102) connects single chip circuit (M104), described single chip circuit (M104) adopts the single-chip microcomputer STM32L151C8T6 with Cortex-M3 kernel, include eeprom memory, sheet is integrated with required DAC, ADC and I
2c peripheral hardware; Described CO detects translation circuit (M103) and connects single chip circuit (M104), realizes detecting that CO signal converts, and exports to the inner ADC of single-chip microcomputer STM32L151C8T6, is converted to data-signal; The Physical layer of the procotol of described network-enabled intelligent CO sensor adopts I
2the Physical layer of C agreement, its data link layer adopts I
2a subset of C agreement, adopts I
2slave Receiver in C communication pattern and Master Transmitter two kinds of communication patterns, be in Slave Receiver pattern at ordinary times, MasterTransmitter pattern is become when needs send data, after being sent completely, again transfer Slave Receiver pattern to, wait for data receiver; I
2c agreement supports multi-host communication mechanism, and each node in network is reciprocity, and transmitter is an aggregation node, and for collecting data, sensor node is a detection node, for image data; In the protocol, address 0 is the I of broadcast address, transmitter node
2c address is fixed as 1; Each sensor node have oneself independently No. ID, No. ID is unique number of sensor node, and forming by 96, is No. ID of the MCU of STM32, when not adopting STM32 series monolithic, can work out sensor node ID number voluntarily, as long as keep uniqueness; Sensor node is not before having allocation address, and by transmitter address 1 to its applied address, transmitter configures I by broadcast mode to No. ID, application node
2c address, the address that sensor node distributes is a value between 2 ~ 127, and transmitter distributes according to the sensor ID of its internal registration and idle address; A static information table preserving each sensor node is had, No. ID containing sensor node, I in transmitter node
2c address, variable character and communication cycle information, this table is kept in the inside EEPROM of single-chip microcomputer; The application layer data bag of described procotol is made up of address, function number, variable name, variate-value and check code, preserve in transmitter variable name code and for variable explain, relative to the data dictionary simplified, can make an explanation to this packet according to this data dictionary when transmitter obtains sensor data packet and show, realize plug and play.
2. a kind of network-enabled intelligent CO sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described power circuit (M101) adopts LDO power supply chip SPX3819, the reference power source of ADC adopts REF3020, described reference power source connects the ADC pin of single-chip microcomputer STM32L151C8T6, with its reading for reference value, the simulating signal of other pin is corrected.
3. a kind of network-enabled intelligent CO sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described communication interface circuit (M102) is by the I of single-chip microcomputer STM32L151C8T6
2c pin, connect two I
2the pull-up resistor of C order wire and esd protection chip PRTR5V0U2X form.
4. a kind of network-enabled intelligent CO sensor according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described CO detects translation circuit (M103) and is made up of CO analog sensor ME2-CO, technotron (J177) and amplifier (LMC6462), its working point exports setting by the DAC of single-chip microcomputer STM32L151C8T6.
5. a kind of network-enabled intelligent CO sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: two kinds of communication patterns supported by described network-enabled intelligent CO sensor, the request of being respectively-reply communication patterns and Publish-subscribe communication pattern; Described request-reply communication patterns is mainly used in transmitter node to sensor node setting running parameter and sensor node applied address; Described Publish-subscribe communication pattern is mainly used in sensor node to transmitter node periodic report measured value and alarming value.
6. a kind of network-enabled intelligent CO sensor according to claim 1, is characterized in that: there are three tables of data described sensor node inside, is respectively running parameter table, real-time measuring data table and alarm meter; Described running parameter table is kept in the inner EEPROM of single-chip microcomputer, for the parameter of storage sensor work, is upgraded by communication module, and other two other table is kept in single-chip microcomputer internal SRAM; Described real-time measuring data table stores measures real time data, preserves the data of three time points simultaneously, can realize rate of change and report to the police, be upgraded by cycle data acquisition module; Described cycle data acquisition module gathers CO data periodically according to the running parameter of sensor, and is kept in real-time measuring data table together with sampling instant, and the sampling period is the half of communication cycle; Adopt monitoring module to process the real time data in real-time measuring data table according to the running parameter of running parameter table, and result is kept in alarm meter; Described communication module upgrades according to warning and sends data to transmitter node in time, also sends data according to the communication cycle of sensor node periodically to transmitter node simultaneously.
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| CN111405592B (en) * | 2019-12-02 | 2023-10-24 | 宁波柯力传感科技股份有限公司 | Method for quickly networking digital sensor |
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