CN103969343B - Rail examination simulation test apparatus and system thereof - Google Patents
Rail examination simulation test apparatus and system thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103969343B CN103969343B CN201410217314.7A CN201410217314A CN103969343B CN 103969343 B CN103969343 B CN 103969343B CN 201410217314 A CN201410217314 A CN 201410217314A CN 103969343 B CN103969343 B CN 103969343B
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Abstract
The invention discloses a kind of rail examination simulation test apparatus and system thereof, device includes: simulation computer, is connected with signal generation/data acquisition unit, adopts fault signature point to arrange rail defects and failures figure, simulated failure rail；When carrying out l-G simulation test, locomotive speed signal is set, sequentially generates ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic according to the rail defects and failures figure that locomotive operation position is corresponding, and transmit to signal generation/data acquisition unit；Signal generation/data acquisition unit, is connected with outside rail examination detection system, to its output locomotive speed signal；Receive the ultrasonic excitation signals that rail examination detection system sends, detect system according to the ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic of simulation computer transmission to rail examination and return ultrasonic echo analogue signal.Instant invention overcomes prior art rail examination detects system shortage test chamber checking means, experimentation cost height and is subject to the technical problem of environmental constraints, it is possible to whenever and wherever possible detection system service behaviour is verified.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the electrical equipment of a kind of railway engineering machinery, especially relate to one and be applied to railway engineering and safeguard vehicular field, adopt rail examination simulation test apparatus and the system thereof of ultrasound examination mode.
Background technology
In railway engineering and safeguard that vehicular field, ultrasonic rail inspection car are widely used in flaw detection and the maintenance of rail.As shown in Figure 1, a ultrasonic rail fault detection system generally includes: the rail examination detection system 10 being arranged on rail-defect detector car, and is arranged on the spy wheel 20 of rail-defect detector car bottom.When needs carry out rail examination operation, rail-defect detector car controls to visit wheel 20 and is pressed in the upper surface of rail 30, rail examination detection system 10 sends ultrasonic exciting pulse signal to visiting wheel 20, visit the ultrasound piezoelectric wafer of wheel 20 under action of alternative electric field, produce the mechanical vibration Tong Bu with electric field, this process claims inverse piezoelectric effect, launches ultrasonic signal.Ultrasound wave wafer also when being subject to alternating pressure, can produce alternating electric field, claims direct piezoelectric effect, it is achieved the reception of ultrasonic echo.
Ultrasonic examination is applied in the principle in rail examination: according to hyperacoustic characteristic, once run into the surface of two kinds of different mediums, namely reflex can occur ultrasound wave, thus forming certain ultrasonic echo signal.Ultrasound wave will have the reflection of 100 when entering air from steel, so steel rail defect has good Detection results.
Visiting wheel 20 employing wheeled construction body, axle centre frame, equipped with the ultrasound wave wafer 7 of the different detection angles of many groups, is visited and is full of coupling liquid in the tire adventitia of wheel 20.When rail-defect detector car runs, visiting wheel 20 and roll along rail 30, the moving direction of ultrasound wave wafer 7 is parallel with rail 30.When carrying out rail examination operation; the ultrasonic signal sent by the ultrasound wave wafer visiting wheel 20 would generally at the contact surface visited between wheel module 20 and rail 30; flaw face in rail 30; and the lower surface of rail 30 reflects; visit the ultrasound wave wafer receipt of wheel 20 to ultrasonic echo signal; further acoustic signals can be converted to by piezoelectric effect the signal of telecommunication, and send rail examination detection system 10 to.Rail examination detection system 10 is then by being analyzed the interval of ultrasonic echo signal, size, thus obtaining rail 30 there is trauma situation.
Existing rail examination detection system 10 (hereinafter referred to as detection system) is generally formed by up to the ultrasound wave wafer of more than 30 standalone ultrasound ripple passages, rail 30 is carried out the flaw detection that multi-angle is multi-faceted, and form rail defects and failures figure, provide modern detection means for rail maintenance.Meanwhile, the detection interface of existing rail examination detection system 10 is numerous, detection function is various, in the urgent need to developing a set of corresponding simulating experimental and platform thereof.At present, prior art detects the detection of system 10 for rail examination, is all adopt fault sample in kind to carry out the mode tested.This mode also exists shortcomings, as: manufacturing fault sample difficulty, limited sample size, testing stand construction is big, it is impossible to simulation locomotive running environment etc. completely.
At present, need to carry out around three aspects for the verification method of detection system:
One is that prior art adopts single board computer to realize system autodiagnosis, and system all hardware (such as external cabling etc.) is not verified, system inspection software is lacked especially always and effectively verifies means by main checking system board hardware；
Two is the mode that prior art adopts (such as damaged steel rail) analog systems on-line operation environment in kind, and its significant drawback is fault rail Finite Samples, and sense channel is incomplete, it is impossible to realizing the checking under high-speed working condition, testing stand cost is high；
Three is that prior art carries out online verification again after rail examination detects system entrucking, is highly prone to the restriction of objective environment.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, it is an object of the invention to provide a kind of rail examination simulation test apparatus and system thereof, prior art is overcome detection system to lack checking means, experimentation cost height and is subject to the technical problem of environmental constraints, adopt mode simulation detection system test signal during on-line operation on damaged steel rail of signal simulation, it is possible to whenever and wherever possible detection system service behaviour is verified.
In order to realize foregoing invention purpose, the present invention specifically provides the technic relization scheme of a kind of rail examination simulation test apparatus, including:
Simulation computer, is connected with signal generation/data acquisition unit, is used for adopting fault signature point to arrange rail defects and failures figure, the rail of simulated failure；When carrying out l-G simulation test, locomotive speed signal is set, simulates locomotive operation, sequentially generate ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic according to the rail defects and failures figure that locomotive operation position is corresponding, and transmit to signal generation/data acquisition unit；
Signal generation/data acquisition unit, is connected with outside rail examination detection system, detects system output locomotive speed signal by locomotive speed signal port to described rail examination；By visiting the ultrasonic excitation signals that wheel signal port reception described rail examination detection system sends, return ultrasonic echo analogue signal according to the ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic that the transmission of described simulation computer comes to described rail examination detection system.
Preferably, described signal generation/data acquisition unit farther includes the first processing unit and the second processing unit, described first processing unit is connected with described simulation computer, the data coming from described simulation computer are sent to described second processing unit, described second processing unit output locomotive speed signal, to calculate locomotive run location, described second processing unit carries out time delay counting and produces ultrasonic echo analogue signal after the ultrasonic excitation signals that described rail examination detection system sends being detected.
Preferably, described ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic include the ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic channel number corresponding to described fault signature point, with or without ultrasonic echo and ultrasonic echo delay value.
Preferably, there is ranging for of ultrasonic echo analogue signal corresponding to fault signature point a certain in described rail:
Wherein, X, Y are described fault signature point absolute coordinate in rail, and α is ultrasound wave angle of incidence in described rail, and W is the width of ultrasound wave wafer, and described rail examination detection system, spy wheel are installed on rail-defect detector car, X1For the run location of rail-defect detector car, X2For the ultrasound wave wafer relative coordinate relative to rail-defect detector car.
Preferably, described ultrasonic echo delay value T calculates according to below equation:
2s=2y/cos α
T1=2s/v
T=T1+T2
Wherein, x, y are fault signature point coordinate in described rail, and α is ultrasound wave angle of incidence in described rail, and s is the one way path that ultrasound wave is propagated in described rail, and v is ultrasound wave transmission speed in rail, T2For ultrasound wave in the transmission time visited in taking turns.
Preferably, described signal generation/data acquisition unit passes through D/A converting analogue ultrasonic echo waveform, and generates ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic according to below equation:
Wherein, parameter alpha is bandwidth factor, and τ is the time of advent, and f is mid frequency,Being phase place, β is amplitude factor, and θ is angle, and t is the time.
Preferably, described signal generation/data acquisition unit output two-way differs the square-wave signal of 90 degree and is used for simulating locomotive speed signal, the combination timing simulation locomotive operation direction according to two-way square-wave signal.
The present invention also additionally specifically provides the technic relization scheme of a kind of rail examination emulation test system, a kind of rail examination emulation test system, including: rail examination simulation test apparatus as above, and the rail examination detection system being connected with described rail examination simulation test apparatus, rail examination simulation test apparatus includes simulation computer and signal generation/data acquisition unit.Adopt fault signature point that rail defects and failures figure is manually set by simulation computer, the rail of simulated failure.By described simulation computer, locomotive speed signal is set, simulation locomotive operation, and sequentially generating ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic according to the rail defects and failures figure that locomotive operation position is corresponding, described locomotive speed signal and the transmission of ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic are to signal generation/data acquisition unit.Described signal generation/data acquisition unit receives locomotive speed signal and the ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic of described simulation computer output, detects system to rail examination and exports described locomotive speed signal.Described signal generation/data acquisition unit calculates locomotive run location according to locomotive speed signal, extract ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic successively, after the ultrasonic excitation signals that described rail examination detection system is sent being detected, return ultrasonic echo analogue signal by ultrasonic echo delay value requirement.Described rail examination detection system generates according to locomotive speed signal and ultrasonic echo analogue signal and detects trauma figure, and the detection trauma figure that the rail defects and failures figure arranged according to described simulation computer and described rail examination detection system generate carries out contrast verification.
The present invention specifically provides the another kind of technic relization scheme of rail examination emulation test system, a kind of rail examination emulation test system, and including rail examination simulation test apparatus as above, and the spy being connected with described rail examination simulation test apparatus is taken turns.Described signal generation/data acquisition unit is connected with visiting wheel by ultrasonic emitting/receiving port, by described simulation computer, the ultrasonic excitation signals cycle is set, control described signal generation/data acquisition unit and send ultrasonic excitation signals to described wheel of visiting, and receive the ultrasonic echo signal coming from described spy wheel, described ultrasonic echo signal is sent to described simulation computer and shows detection waveform to graphically after carrying out analog digital conversion, realize the described checking visiting wheel with this.
The present invention specifically provides the third technic relization scheme of rail examination emulation test system, a kind of rail examination emulation test system, including: rail examination simulation test apparatus as above.Ultrasonic emitting/the receiving port connecting described signal generation/data acquisition unit takes turns signal port with visiting, by described simulation computer, ultrasonic excitation signals parameter is set, transmission is described signal generation/data acquisition unit extremely, described signal generation/data acquisition unit passes through ultrasonic emitting/receiving port output ultrasonic wave pumping signal, after spy wheel signal port detects described ultrasonic excitation signals, by the ultrasonic echo amplitude that described simulation computer sets, ultrasound wave delay time output ultrasonic wave analogue echoes signal is to ultrasonic emitting/receiving port, it is sent on described simulation computer after being carried out analog digital conversion by described signal generation/data acquisition unit and shows, by the analogue echoes signal parameter setting value of relatively described simulation computer and detection show value, realize the self-inspection of described rail examination simulation test apparatus.
The technical scheme of rail examination simulation test apparatus and system thereof by implementing the invention described above offer, has the following technical effect that
(1) present invention can arrange various fault trauma figure easily on simulation computer, simulates fault and the locomotive operation environment of various rail, to verify the service behaviour of rail examination detection system；
(2) present invention adopts virtual mode that fault sample is tested, and manufacturing fault sample processes is simple, and the quantity of sense channel and fault sample arrange convenient and unrestricted, and construction cost is cheap, it is possible to realize the simulation completely of locomotive operation environment；
(3) present invention is not only able to rail examination is detected the software and hardware function of system and performance is verified, moreover it is possible to detect visiting wheel, and the hardware of self is carried out self-inspection, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide omnibearing effective checking means；
(4) present invention adopts virtual mode to realize the simulation of system on-line operation environment, it is possible to realize the functional verification under high-speed working condition, it is possible to was simulated online verification before rail examination detects system entrucking, has broken away from the restriction of objective environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
In order to be illustrated more clearly that the embodiment of the present invention or technical scheme of the prior art, the accompanying drawing used required in embodiment or description of the prior art will be briefly described below, apparently, accompanying drawing in the following describes is only some embodiments of the present invention, for those of ordinary skill in the art, under the premise not paying creative work, it is also possible to obtain other accompanying drawing according to these accompanying drawings.
Fig. 1 is the system architecture diagram of prior art rail examination detection system；
Fig. 2 is the structured flowchart that a kind of detailed description of the invention of rail examination emulation test system of the present invention is applied to rail examination detection system usability test；
Fig. 3 is the structured flowchart that a kind of detailed description of the invention of rail examination emulation test system of the present invention is applied to visit wheel test；
Fig. 4 is that a kind of detailed description of the invention of rail examination emulation test system of the present invention is applied to the structured flowchart from seizure test；
Fig. 5 is the system architecture diagram of signal generation/data acquisition unit in a kind of detailed description of the invention of rail examination simulation test apparatus of the present invention；
Fig. 6 is the fault signature point schematic diagram of a kind of detailed description of the invention in rail examination emulation test system of the present invention；
Fig. 7 is the fault signature point schematic diagram of the second detailed description of the invention in rail examination emulation test system of the present invention；
Fig. 8 is the fault signature point schematic diagram of the third detailed description of the invention in rail examination emulation test system of the present invention；
Fig. 9 is apparatus of the present invention and the ultrasound piezoelectric wafer inspection rail fault principle schematic of system application thereof；
Figure 10 is the detection process schematic of the rail examination emulation test system of apparatus of the present invention and system application thereof；
Figure 11 is the waveform diagram that the rail examination detection ultrasonic excitation signals that sends of system of apparatus of the present invention and system application thereof and rail examination emulation test system return ultrasonic echo analogue signal；
Figure 12 is the waveform diagram of locomotive speed analogue signal that the rail examination emulation test system of apparatus of the present invention and system application thereof sends；
Figure 13 is the program flow diagram of a kind of detailed description of the invention of rail examination simulating experimental of the present invention；
In figure: 1-rail examination simulation test apparatus, 2-simulation computer, 3-signal generation/data acquisition unit, 4-the first processing unit, 5-the second processing unit, 6-fault signature point, 7-ultrasound wave wafer, 8-rail bolt hole, 10-rail examination detection system, 20-visits wheel, 30-rail.
Detailed description of the invention
For making the purpose of the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme and advantage clearly, below in conjunction with the accompanying drawing in the embodiment of the present invention, technical scheme in the embodiment of the present invention is clearly and completely described, obviously, described embodiment is only a part of embodiment of the present invention, rather than whole embodiments.Based on the embodiment in the present invention, all other embodiments that those of ordinary skill in the art obtain under not making creative work premise, broadly fall into the scope of protection of the invention.
As shown in accompanying drawing 2 to accompanying drawing 13, give rail examination simulation test apparatus of the present invention and system thereof, and the specific embodiment based on this device and the rail examination simulating experimental of system realization thereof, below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the invention will be further described.
As shown in Figure 2, the specific embodiment of a kind of rail examination simulation test apparatus, rail examination simulation test apparatus 1 includes:
Simulation computer 2, is connected with signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 by USB line or ethernet line, is used for arranging rail defects and failures figure and storing, the rail 30 of simulated failure；When carrying out l-G simulation test, locomotive speed signal is set, simulates locomotive operation, sequentially generate the ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic of unit length according to the rail defects and failures figure that locomotive operation position is corresponding；Locomotive speed signal and ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic are transmitted to signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 by USB line or ethernet line.In the middle of specific embodiments of the invention, simulation computer 2 is the computer being provided with and having ultrasound wave rectilinear propagation properties graphical simulation software.
Signal generation/data acquisition unit 3, is connected with outside rail examination detection system 10；Detect system 10 by locomotive speed signal port to rail examination and export locomotive speed signal；Receive, by visiting wheel signal port, the ultrasonic excitation signals that rail examination detection system 10 sends, and the ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic come according to simulation computer 2 transmission detects system 10 to rail examination and returns ultrasonic echo analogue signal.
Rail examination detection system 10 is obtained detection trauma figure by the ultrasonic echo analogue signal detected after space transforming.
nullAs shown in Figure 5，Specific embodiment as a kind of signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 of rail examination simulation test apparatus 1，Signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 includes the first processing unit 4、Second processing unit 5，First processing unit 4 adopts the processor of USB single-chip microcomputer to realize，It is connected with simulation computer 2 by USB line and carries out communication，Emulation data are sent in the dual port RAM realized by the second processing unit 5，Second processing unit 5 is FPGA device，One is export two-way by I/O mouth to differ the square-wave signal simulation speed probe of 90 degree，Position on rail during corresponding locomotive operation，Two are responsible for multi-channel signal acquiring and waveshape signal generation，After the ultrasonic excitation signals that rail examination detection system 10 sends being detected，Carry out time delay counting and produce ultrasonic echo analogue signal.Certainly, FPGA (FieldProgrammableGateArray, field programmable gate array) function of device can also adopt CPLD (ComplexProgramableLogicDevice, CPLD), ASIC (Application-SpecificIntegratedCircuit, ASIC), and the logical device such as SOPC (System-On-a-Programmable-Chip, programmable system on chip) realizes.FPGA device real-time is good, and processing speed is high, is capable of the corresponding synchronous ultrasonic analogue echoes signal up to more than 30 passages in the specific embodiment of the invention.Rail examination emulation test system 1 is connected with simulation computer 2 also by Ethernet RJ-45 interface.Second processing unit 5 is connected by the LCB lead-in wire of rail examination detection system 10 backboard, output ultrasonic wave echo-signal.
As shown in accompanying drawing 6,7 and 8, for the schematic diagram of fault signature point 6 in rail examination emulation test system 10, each fault signature point 6 can be detected by the ultrasound wave wafer 7 of corresponding angle, by these fault signature point 6 matching damage curves.It is left 37 degree, 0 degree and right 37 degree as shown in Figure 6, is 70 degree of a left side, 70 degree of the right side as shown in Figure 7, be 70 degree, 70 degree of totally 7 kinds of fault signature points 6 outside rail inside rail 30 as shown in Figure 8.
As shown in Figure 9, as a kind of typical specific embodiment of rail examination simulation test apparatus, according to hyperacoustic directivity, it is straightline propagation at ultrasound wave in the detection range of ultrasound wave wafer 7.With the surface of rail 30 for benchmark, the condition having a ultrasonic echo signal is:
Wherein, X, Y are the fault signature point 6 absolute coordinate in rail 30, and α is ultrasound wave angle of incidence in rail 30, and W is the width of ultrasound wave wafer 7, and rail examination detection system 10, spy wheel 20 are installed on rail-defect detector car, X1For the run location of rail-defect detector car, X2For the ultrasound wave wafer 7 relative coordinate relative to rail-defect detector car.
Being the rail bolt hole 8 adopting 37 degree, 0 degree of the right side and left 37 degree of characteristic points to express successively as shown in Figure 10, the vertical line of these fault signature points 6 represents hyperacoustic reflection direction, draws rail defects and failures figure with these fault signature points 6 on simulation computer 2.
If ultrasound wave wafer 7 has several unit width at X-direction width (W/cos α), then this fault signature point 6 is enlarged into several unit-segment.For fault signature point 6 place a certain in rail 30, ultrasound wave wafer 7 from sending ultrasound wave to the time T receiving ultrasonic echo signal is:
2s=2y/cos α
T1=2s/v
T=T1+T2
Wherein, T is corresponding to fault signature point 6 place a certain in rail 30, ultrasound wave wafer 7 is from sending the ultrasound wave time to reception ultrasonic echo signal, x, y are fault signature point coordinate in rail 30, α is ultrasound wave angle of incidence in rail 30, s is the one way path that ultrasound wave is propagated in rail 30, and v is ultrasound wave transmission speed in rail 30, T2The transmission time taken turns in 20 is being visited for ultrasound wave.
The rail examination simulation test apparatus 1 that the specific embodiment of the invention describes adopts the mode of virtual instrument, simulation rail examination detection system 10 on-line operation environment.Rail examination detection system 10 is obtained rail defects and failures figure by the ultrasonic echo signal detected after space transforming.The work process of the rail examination simulation test apparatus 1 that specific embodiment describes is then its reverse process, by simulation computer 2 arranges rail defects and failures figure, then by ultrasonic transmission mechanism, obtain the ultrasonic echo analog waveform that rail defects and failures figure is corresponding, it is supplied to rail examination detection system 10, rail examination detection system 10 forms detection trauma figure, this detection damage figure and can compare checking with the rail defects and failures figure that rail examination emulation test system 1 is arranged.Therefore, rail examination simulation test apparatus 1 can detect the delivery test platform use of system 10 as rail examination.Rail examination simulation test apparatus 1 is made up of simulation computer 2 and the signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 based on portable computer, easy to carry, can detect the site examining and repairing rig for testing of system 10 as rail examination.Rail examination simulation test apparatus 1 is also used as the developmental research platform of rail examination detection system 10, provides the means of software and hardware checking easily for its development, the performance verification under the locomotive high-speed working condition that particularly ground experiment cannot be realized.The specific embodiment of the invention is for the shortcoming existed in prior art, the mode adopting signal simulation simulates rail examination detection system 10 test signal during on-line operation on damaged steel rail, it is possible to the service behaviour that rail examination detects system 10 whenever and wherever possible is verified.
As shown in accompanying drawing 2 and accompanying drawing 3, according to application needs, rail examination emulation test system farther includes rail examination detection system 10 or visits wheel 20.
As shown in Figure 3, the specific embodiment visiting wheel test that a kind of rail examination emulation test system is applied to.Visit wheel 20 and be pressed on rail 30 by certain pressure, signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 is by ultrasonic emitting/receiving port, to the 0 degree of wafer output ultrasonic wave pumping signal visiting wheel 20, ultrasonic signal can at the contact surface visited between wheel 20 and rail 30, flaw face in rail 30, and the lower surface of rail 30 reflects, signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 receives from the ultrasonic echo signal visiting wheel 20, and ultrasonic echo signal is sent to simulation computer 2 after analog digital conversion and shows detection waveform to graphically.Now, the work on the spot performance and wiring visiting wheel 20 is verified.
As shown in Figure 4, the specific embodiment of a kind of rail examination emulation test system for realizing rail examination simulating experimental of the present invention.Ultrasonic emitting/the receiving port connecting signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 takes turns signal port with visiting, by simulation computer 2, ultrasonic excitation signals parameter is set, transmit to signal generation/data acquisition unit 3, signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 is by ultrasonic emitting/receiving port output ultrasonic wave pumping signal, after spy wheel signal port detects, by the ultrasonic echo amplitude that simulation computer 2 sets, ultrasound wave delay time output ultrasonic wave analogue echoes signal is to ultrasonic emitting/receiving port, send after signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 analog digital conversion and simulation computer 2 shows, by comparing simulation computer 2 analogue echoes signal parameter setting value and detection show value, realize the self-inspection of rail examination simulation test apparatus 1.
As shown in Figure 10, for the detection process schematic of rail examination emulation test system of the present invention, figure show respectively the circular hole defects of three simulations, right 37 degree of left spy wheel, middle visit 0 degree of wheel, right spy takes turns the 37 degree of hyperacoustic propagation paths in a left side.Hyperacoustic acoustic beam adopts ray representation, after it runs into the characteristic point of same angle, and can according to launching direction backtracking.
As shown in Figure 13, the specific embodiment of the rail examination simulating experimental that a kind of device based on specific embodiment of the invention description and system thereof realize, the method comprises the following steps:
S10: arrange rail defects and failures figure by simulation computer 2 and store, by the rail 30 of unit length digitized simulation fault；
S20: locomotive speed signal is set by simulation computer 2, simulation locomotive operation, and the ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic of unit length is sequentially generated according to the rail defects and failures figure that locomotive operation position is corresponding, mainly include the ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic channel number of corresponding fault signature point 6, with or without ultrasonic echo and ultrasonic echo delay value；Locomotive speed signal and ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic are transmitted to signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 by USB line or ethernet line；
S30: signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 receives the ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic that simulation computer 2 sends, and is saved in data buffer zone；Detect system 10 by locomotive speed signal port to rail examination and export the locomotive speed signal arranged in step S20；Signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 calculates locomotive operation position according to locomotive speed signal, data buffer zone is extracted ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic successively, after spy wheel signal port detects the ultrasonic excitation signals that rail examination detection system 10 is sent, return ultrasonic echo analogue signal by ultrasonic echo delay value requirement.
The locomotive speed signal that the specific embodiment of the invention is arranged by simulation computer 2 is for simulating the locomotive speed signal under truth, and ultrasonic echo analogue signal is for simulating the ultrasonic echo signal under truth.
Further, simulating experimental is further comprising the steps of:
S40: rail examination detection system 10 generates detection trauma figure according to locomotive speed signal and ultrasonic echo analogue signal, carries out contrast verification according to the detection trauma figure that the rail defects and failures figure of simulation computer 2 setting and rail examination detection system 10 generate.
Further, simulating experimental also includes following spy wheel checking procedure:
S50: the ultrasonic emitting cycle is set by simulation computer 2, transmission control instruction is to signal generation/data acquisition unit 3, signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 takes turns 20 output ultrasonic wave pumping signals by ultrasonic emitting/receiving port to outside spy, and receive from the ultrasonic echo signal visiting wheel 20, after carrying out analog digital conversion, transmission detection data are to simulation computer 2, and simulation computer 2 shows detection waveform to graphically.
Further, simulating experimental also includes following emulation test system self-inspection checking procedure:
S60: the ultrasonic emitting/receiving port connecting signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 takes turns signal port with visiting, by simulation computer 2, ultrasonic excitation signals parameter is set, transmit to signal generation/data acquisition unit 3, signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 is by ultrasonic emitting/receiving port output ultrasonic wave pumping signal, after spy wheel signal port detects, by the ultrasonic echo amplitude that simulation computer 2 sets, ultrasound wave delay time output ultrasonic wave analogue echoes signal is to ultrasonic emitting/receiving port, it is sent on simulation computer 2 after being carried out analog digital conversion by signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 and shows, by comparing ultrasonic echo analog signal parameter setting value and the detection show value of simulation computer 2, realize the self-inspection of rail examination emulation test system 10.
Further, step S10 also includes fault rail simulation process, and this process comprises the following steps:
The fault signature point 6 shown in accompanying drawing 6,7,8 is defined according to hyperacoustic reflection direction, each fault signature point 6 can be detected by the ultrasound wave wafer 7 of corresponding angle, the channel number of ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic in corresponding step S20, the reflection direction that the ultrasonic emitting direction of this ultrasound wave wafer 7 represents with fault signature point 6 is contrary.Rail defects and failures figure adopts fault signature point 6 matching shown in accompanying drawing 6,7,8 to arrange the defect fault of rail 30.By the rail 30 of fault by unit length fragment sequence number (i.e. coordinate x in accompanying drawing 9) storage, each fragment sequence includes fault signature point 6 and the fault degree of depth (i.e. coordinate y in accompanying drawing 9) information.Fault signature point 6 adopt D31～D0 totally 32 represent that corresponding positions, corresponding place value are 1 indicate that this fault signature point 6,0 represents fault-free characteristic point 6, each fragment can have various faults characteristic point 6.Rail 30 figure is placed fault signature point 6, draws accident defect line with a matching and store, just completing the simulation of fault rail 30.
Further, step S20 also includes Generation of simulating data process, and this process comprises the following steps:
By simulation computer 2, locomotive speed signal is set, simulation locomotive operation, sequentially generate the ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic of unit length according to the rail defects and failures figure that locomotive operation position is corresponding, mainly include ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic (ultrasound examination) channel number of corresponding fault signature point 6, with or without ultrasonic echo and ultrasonic echo delay value.Locomotive speed signal and ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic are transmitted to signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 by USB line or ethernet line.
Due to the corresponding corresponding ultrasound wave chip-type of fault signature point 6, different wheels 2 of visiting are likely to there is same kind of ultrasound wave wafer 7, therefore generate the ultrasound wave channel number of corresponding fault signature point 6 and be likely to have several, can the ultrasound wave wafer 7 that this channel number is corresponding detect the fault signature point 6 of correspondence, relevant with the position of ultrasound wave wafer 7 and width thereof.According to hyperacoustic directivity, it is straightline propagation at ultrasound wave in the detection range of ultrasound wave wafer 7.With the surface of rail 30 for benchmark, the condition having a ultrasonic echo signal is:
Wherein, X, Y are the fault signature point 6 absolute coordinate in rail 30, and α is ultrasound wave angle of incidence in rail 30, and W is the width of ultrasound wave wafer 7, and rail examination detection system 10, spy wheel 20 are installed on rail-defect detector car, X1For the run location of rail-defect detector car, X2For the ultrasound wave wafer 7 relative coordinate relative to rail-defect detector car.
As shown in Figure 11, the ultrasonic excitation signals that sends of system 10 is detected for rail examination and the waveform diagram of ultrasonic echo analogue signal that rail examination simulation test apparatus 1 returns.Rail examination detection system 10 sends the ultrasonic exciting pulse signal A shown in the first half in accompanying drawing 11, rail examination simulation test apparatus 1 the ultrasonic echo analogue signal received is then in accompanying drawing 11 shown in the latter half.Wherein, signal B is the analog ultrasonic wave signal ultrasonic echo analogue signal at the coupling liquid medium with rail 30 upper surface intersection of visiting wheel 20, and this signal is characterized by that signal intensity is the strongest, and is in ultrasonic echo signal foremost.Signal C is the ultrasonic signal ultrasonic echo analogue signal at rail 30 fault location, after it is characterized in that being in signal B, is received after ultrasonic excitation signals generation T time, and the area of fault location is more big, and the intensity of ultrasonic echo signal is more strong.Signal D is the analog ultrasonic wave signal ultrasonic echo analogue signal at rail 30 lower surface place, it is characterized in that occurring after being in signal C, simultaneously because transmission range is longer, the intensity of ultrasonic echo analogue signal is less.
If ultrasound wave wafer 7 has several unit width at the width (W/cos α) of X-direction, then this fault signature point 6 is enlarged into several unit-segment.For a certain fault signature point 6 place ultrasound wave wafer 7 in rail 30 from sending the ultrasound wave time T to reception ultrasonic echo signal:
2s=2y/cos α
T1=2s/v
T=T1+T2
Wherein, T is corresponding to fault signature point 6 place a certain in rail 30, ultrasound wave wafer 7 is from sending the ultrasound wave time to reception ultrasonic echo signal, x, y are the fault signature point 6 coordinate in rail 30, α is ultrasound wave angle of incidence in rail 30, s is the one way path that ultrasound wave is propagated in rail 30, and v is ultrasound wave transmission speed in rail 30, T2The transmission time taken turns in 20 is being visited for ultrasound wave.
After simulation computer 2 generates the emulation data of each sense channel, transmit to signal generation/data acquisition unit 3.
Further, step S30 also includes signal simulation process, and this process comprises the following steps:
Signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 produces electrical signal simulation rail examination detection system 10 on-line operation environment.Produce the locomotive speed signal of speed probe on the one hand, simulate locomotive operation.Multidiameter delay detection simultaneously detects the ultrasonic excitation signals of system 10 from rail examination, and simulation returns visits wheel 20 ultrasonic echos on fault rail 30.
As shown in Figure 12, signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 differs, by I/O mouth output two-way, the locomotive speed signal that the square-wave signal simulation speed probe of 90 degree gathers, according to combinations of states timing simulation locomotive operation direction, if AB signal is by the change of → 10 → 11 → 01 → 00 → periodic regularity, change represents locomotive direction of advance in the direction of arrows, for just；Otherwise it is then negative.The frequency f of square wave:
Wherein, K is speed probe umber of pulse weekly, and v is locomotive speed, and D is locomotive wheel diameter.
Signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 is by D/A converting analogue ultrasonic echo signal:
Wherein, parameter alpha is bandwidth factor, and τ is the time of advent, and f is mid frequency,Being phase place, β is amplitude factor, and θ is angle, and t is the time.The time of advent τ with the position of reflector and transmit path-dependent, reflect sound path distance, bandwidth factor decides bandwidth or the ultrasonic echo persistent period in time domain of ultrasonic echo, mid frequency f is mainly determined by the frequecy characteristic of ultrasound wave wafer 7, and the amplitude of ultrasonic echo and phase place then reflect the impedance of reflector, area and orientation.Orderω=2 π f, then A (t) function characterizes the amplitude of echo and is changed according to exponential damping law, and the time-domain expression of ultrasonic echo can be simplified as:Utilize A (t) withModulation obtains the ultrasonic echo signal needed.
Further, the rail examination detection system 10 usability test process of step S30 is further comprising the steps of:
With rail examination, described signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 is detected system 10 be connected, simulation computer 2 to the first processing unit 4 with serial communication mode Propagation Simulation data, transmitting emulation data is to the second processing unit 5, and it is stored in data buffer zone, second processing unit 5 Parallel Simulation multichannel visits wheel 20 detection, after the ultrasonic excitation signals that rail examination detection system 10 is sent being detected, it is the signal of telecommunication of ultrasonic echo by emulation data digital-to-analogue conversion.Rail examination detection system 10 generates the rail defects and failures figure contrast verification that detection trauma figure, this figure can be arranged with simulation computer 2, and two figure answer concordance good, and display locomotive speed is consistent, and fault signature point 6 is not lost.
Further, to take turns 20 checking procedures further comprising the steps of in the spy of step S50:
Signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 is connected with visiting wheel 20, visit wheel 20 and be pressed on rail 30, by simulation computer 2, the ultrasonic excitation signals cycle is set, simulation computer 2 control signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 is to visiting wheel 20 transmission ultrasonic excitation signals, and receive the ultrasonic echo signal coming from spy wheel 20, after analog digital conversion, it is sent to simulation computer 2 shows detection waveform to graphically, test 0 degree of ultrasound wave transmission time in visiting wheel 20 and the propagation time in rail 30.
Further, the rail examination emulation test system 10 self-inspection process of the test of step S60 is further comprising the steps of:
Ultrasonic emitting/the receiving port connecting signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 takes turns signal port with visiting, by simulation computer 2, ultrasonic excitation signals is set, simulation computer 2 control signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 is by ultrasonic emitting/receiving port output, after spy wheel signal port detects ultrasonic excitation signals, by setting delay time output ultrasonic wave analogue echoes signal to ultrasonic emitting/receiving port, ultrasonic echo analogue signal be sent to after being carried out analog digital conversion by signal generation/data acquisition unit 3 on simulation computer 2 show, by comparing ultrasonic echo amplitude and the delay value parameter of setting and detecting show value parameter, realize rail examination emulation test system 10 self-inspection.
The technical scheme of rail examination simulation test apparatus and system thereof by implementing specific embodiment of the invention description, it is possible to produce following technique effect:
(1) method that the specific embodiment of the invention describes adopts and manually arranges the modeling method of part rail defects and failures figure to be checked during ultrasound examination, adopt virtual instrument according to the artificial rail defects and failures figure the arranged method carrying out ultrasonic echo signal emulation, various fault trauma figure can be set easily on computing terminal, simulate fault and the locomotive operation environment of various rail, to verify the service behaviour of detection system；
(2) method that the specific embodiment of the invention describes adopts virtual mode that fault sample is tested, manufacturing fault sample processes is simple, the quantity of sense channel and fault sample arrange convenient and unrestricted, and construction cost is cheap, it is possible to realize the simulation completely of locomotive operation environment；
(3) method that the specific embodiment of the invention describes is not only able to rail examination is detected the software and hardware function of system and performance is verified, can also detect visiting wheel, and the hardware of self is carried out self-inspection, using the teaching of the invention it is possible to provide comprehensive, effectively verify means；
(4) method that the specific embodiment of the invention describes adopts virtual mode to realize the simulation of rail examination detection system on-line operation environment, it is capable of the functional verification under high-speed working condition, online verification can be simulated before rail examination detects system entrucking, break away from the restriction of objective environment.
Professional further appreciates that, the unit of each example described in conjunction with the embodiment that disclosed in this invention and step, can with electronic hardware, computer software or the two be implemented in combination in, in order to clearly demonstrate the interchangeability of hardware and software, generally describe composition and the step of each example in the above description according to function.These functions perform with hardware or software mode actually, depend on application-specific and the design constraint of technical scheme.Professional and technical personnel specifically can should be used for using different methods to realize described function to each, but this realization is it is not considered that beyond the scope of this invention.
The method described in conjunction with the embodiments described herein or algorithm can directly use the software module that hardware, processor perform, or the combination of the two is implemented.Software module can be placed in the storage medium of random access memory (RAM), internal memory, read only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable ROM, various PLD, depositor, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or other forms any well known in the art.The processor performing software module can be central processing unit (CPU), flush bonding processor, microcontroller (MCU), digital signal processor (DSP), single-chip microcomputer, SOC(system on a chip) (SOC), PLD, and the device with control, process function of other forms any well known in the art.
In this specification, each embodiment adopts the mode gone forward one by one to describe, and what each embodiment stressed is the difference with other embodiments, between each embodiment identical similar portion mutually referring to.
The above, be only presently preferred embodiments of the present invention, and the present invention not does any pro forma restriction.Although the present invention is disclosed above with preferred embodiment, but it is not limited to the present invention.Any those of ordinary skill in the art, when without departing from the spirit of the present invention and technical scheme, all may utilize the method for the disclosure above and technology contents and technical solution of the present invention is made many possible variations and modification, or be revised as the Equivalent embodiments of equivalent variations.Therefore, every content without departing from technical solution of the present invention, to any simple modification made for any of the above embodiments, equivalent replacement, equivalence change and modify according to the technical spirit of the present invention, all still fall within the scope of technical solution of the present invention protection.
Claims (10)
1. a rail examination simulation test apparatus, it is characterised in that including:
Simulation computer (2), is connected with signal generation/data acquisition unit (3), is used for adopting fault signature point (6) to arrange rail defects and failures figure, the rail (30) of simulated failure；When carrying out l-G simulation test, locomotive speed signal is set, simulates locomotive operation, sequentially generate ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic according to the rail defects and failures figure that locomotive operation position is corresponding, and transmit to signal generation/data acquisition unit (3)；
Signal generation/data acquisition unit (3), is connected with outside rail examination detection system (10), detects system (10) output locomotive speed signal by locomotive speed signal port to described rail examination；By visiting the ultrasonic excitation signals that wheel signal port reception described rail examination detection system (10) sends, detect system (10) return ultrasonic echo analogue signal according to the ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic that described simulation computer (2) transmission comes to described rail examination.
2. a kind of rail examination simulation test apparatus according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: described signal generation/data acquisition unit (3) farther includes the first processing unit (4) and the second processing unit (5), described first processing unit (4) is connected with described simulation computer (2), the data coming from described simulation computer (2) are sent to described second processing unit (5), described second processing unit (5) output locomotive speed signal, to calculate locomotive run location, after described second processing unit (5) detects the ultrasonic excitation signals that described rail examination detection system (10) sends, carry out time delay counting and produce ultrasonic echo analogue signal.
3. a kind of rail examination simulation test apparatus according to claim 1 and 2, it is characterised in that: described ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic includes the ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic channel number corresponding to described fault signature point (6), with or without ultrasonic echo and ultrasonic echo delay value.
4. a kind of rail examination simulation test apparatus according to claim 3, it is characterised in that have ranging for of ultrasonic echo analogue signal corresponding to fault signature point (6) a certain in described rail (30):
Wherein, X, Y are described fault signature point (6) absolute coordinate in rail (30), α is ultrasound wave angle of incidence in described rail (30), W is the width of ultrasound wave wafer (7), described rail examination detection system (10), spy wheel (20) are installed on rail-defect detector car, X1For the run location of rail-defect detector car, X2For the ultrasound wave wafer (7) relative coordinate relative to rail-defect detector car.
5. a kind of rail examination simulation test apparatus according to claim 4, it is characterised in that described ultrasonic echo delay value T calculates according to below equation:
2s=2y/cos α
T1=2s/v
T=T1+T2
Wherein, x, y are fault signature point (6) coordinate in described rail (30), α is ultrasound wave angle of incidence in described rail (30), s is the one way path that ultrasound wave is propagated in described rail (30), v is ultrasound wave transmission speed in rail (30), T2The transmission time taken turns in (20) is being visited for ultrasound wave.
6. a kind of rail examination simulation test apparatus according to claim 5, it is characterised in that described signal generation/data acquisition unit (3) is by D/A converting analogue ultrasonic echo waveform, and generates ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic according to below equation:
Wherein, parameter alpha is bandwidth factor, and τ is the time of advent, and f is mid frequency,Being phase place, β is amplitude factor, and θ is angle, and t is the time.
7. a kind of rail examination simulation test apparatus according to any claim in claim 1,2,4,5,6, it is characterized in that: described signal generation/data acquisition unit (3) output two-way differs the square-wave signal of 90 degree and is used for simulating locomotive speed signal, the combination timing simulation locomotive operation direction according to two-way square-wave signal.
8. a rail examination emulation test system, it is characterized in that, including: the rail examination simulation test apparatus (1) as described in any claim in claim 1 to 7, and rail examination detection system (10) being connected with described rail examination simulation test apparatus (1), rail examination simulation test apparatus (1) includes simulation computer (2) and signal generation/data acquisition unit (3)；Adopt fault signature point (6) that rail defects and failures figure is manually set by simulation computer (2), the rail (30) of simulated failure；By described simulation computer (2), locomotive speed signal is set, simulation locomotive operation, and sequentially generating ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic according to the rail defects and failures figure that locomotive operation position is corresponding, described locomotive speed signal and the transmission of ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic are to signal generation/data acquisition unit (3)；Described signal generation/data acquisition unit (3) receives locomotive speed signal and the ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic that described simulation computer (2) exports, and detects system (10) to rail examination and exports described locomotive speed signal；Described signal generation/data acquisition unit (3) calculates locomotive run location according to locomotive speed signal, extract ultrasonic echo supplemental characteristic successively, after the ultrasonic excitation signals that described rail examination detection system (10) is sent being detected, return ultrasonic echo analogue signal by ultrasonic echo delay value requirement；Described rail examination detection system (10) generates according to locomotive speed signal and ultrasonic echo analogue signal and detects trauma figure, and the detection trauma figure that the rail defects and failures figure arranged according to described simulation computer (2) and described rail examination detection system (10) generate carries out contrast verification.
9. a rail examination emulation test system, it is characterized in that, including: the rail examination simulation test apparatus (1) as described in any claim in claim 1 to 7, and spy wheel (20) being connected with described rail examination simulation test apparatus (1)；Described signal generation/data acquisition unit (3) is connected with visiting wheel (20) by ultrasonic emitting/receiving port, by described simulation computer (2), the ultrasonic excitation signals cycle is set, control described signal generation/data acquisition unit (3) and send ultrasonic excitation signals to described wheel (20) of visiting, and receive the ultrasonic echo signal coming from described spy wheel (20), described ultrasonic echo signal is sent to described simulation computer (2) and shows detection waveform to graphically after carrying out analog digital conversion, realize the described checking visiting wheel (20) with this.
10. a rail examination emulation test system, it is characterised in that including: the rail examination simulation test apparatus (1) as described in any claim in claim 1 to 7；nullUltrasonic emitting/the receiving port connecting described signal generation/data acquisition unit (3) takes turns signal port with visiting，By described simulation computer (2), ultrasonic excitation signals parameter is set，Transmission is described signal generation/data acquisition unit (3) extremely，Described signal generation/data acquisition unit (3) is by ultrasonic emitting/receiving port output ultrasonic wave pumping signal，After spy wheel signal port detects described ultrasonic excitation signals，By the ultrasonic echo amplitude that described simulation computer (2) sets、Ultrasound wave delay time output ultrasonic wave analogue echoes signal is to ultrasonic emitting/receiving port，The upper display of described simulation computer (2) it is sent to after being carried out analog digital conversion by described signal generation/data acquisition unit (3)，By the analogue echoes signal parameter setting value of relatively described simulation computer (2) and detection show value，Realize the self-inspection of described rail examination simulation test apparatus (1).
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| CN103954696B (en) * | 2014-05-22 | 2016-09-07 | 株洲时代电子技术有限公司 | Rail examination simulating experimental |
| CN104309641B (en) * | 2014-10-15 | 2016-08-17 | 北京新联铁科技股份有限公司 | A kind of rail line trauma detecting system |
| CN104267107A (en) * | 2014-10-24 | 2015-01-07 | 株洲时代电子技术有限公司 | Steel rail test block |
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| CN108205018A (en) * | 2018-02-01 | 2018-06-26 | 株洲时代电子技术有限公司 | A kind of rail examination verifies system |
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