CN103969209A - Concentration sensor - Google Patents
Concentration sensor Download PDFInfo
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- CN103969209A CN103969209A CN201310027987.1A CN201310027987A CN103969209A CN 103969209 A CN103969209 A CN 103969209A CN 201310027987 A CN201310027987 A CN 201310027987A CN 103969209 A CN103969209 A CN 103969209A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a concentration sensor, comprising photoelectric conversion units of a first photoelectric conversion unit and a second photoelectric conversion unit, an electric signal processing unit and a calculating unit, wherein the first photoelectric conversion unit and the second photoelectric conversion unit respectively comprise an infrared light source, an optical filter, an air chamber and an infrared sensor, the infrared light source in the first photoelectric conversion unit is used for emitting infrared light which is filtered by the optical filter and then absorbed by to-be-measured gas in the air chamber, the infrared sensor of the first photoelectric conversion unit is used for receiving the infrared light absorbed by the to-be-measured gas and converting the infrared light into a first electric signal, the infrared sensor in the second photoelectric conversion unit is used for receiving infrared light absorbed by reference gas and converting the infrared light into a second electric signal, the electric signal processing unit is used for processing the first electric signal and the second electric signal and transmitting the processed first electric signal and second electric signal to the calculating unit, and the calculating unit is used for calculating the concentration of the to-be-measured gas. The concentration sensor provided by the invention has the advantages of high sensitivity, long service life, a cheap price, simple maintenance, safety, explosion-proofness and no element poisoning.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of sensor, especially relate to a kind of concentration sensor.
Background technology
Along with industrial development, increasing to the demand of coal, yet along with exploitation scale continuous expansion, coal mining accident is constantly occurred, as more and more higher in the ratio of gas accident in coal mining accident.In order to prevent the generation of coal mining accident, ensure miner's health and safety, set forward the development of production, improve the economic benefit of coal enterprise, need to detect the environment of down-hole, to causing the various harmful gases of disaster measure accurately and control, so the monitoring of gas density is to coal mine production safety important in inhibiting.
The measuring method of existing gas density mainly contains carrier catalysis formula, light interference type and ionization formula.Carried catalyst formula method is to utilize the oxidative heat generation of gas on catalyst element to cause that resistance variations measures gas density, and the shortcoming of this metering system is that the detecting element life-span is short, and the sulfide of measurement and silicon steam can make element poisoning and lost efficacy.Optical interferometry is the optical path difference of utilizing light wave to produce the difference of air and gas refractive index, cause that moving interference fringes realizes the measurement to gas density, this metering system concentration indication is not obvious, affected seriously by temperature, particularly when air, oxygen or nitrogen are not enough, can produce error, and the optical element of application has complex structure, cost is higher and the defect of automatic detection difficult.Ionization formula: gas ionizes under the radiation effects of radioelement, generation current between two electrodes in gas medium.It is very difficult that this metering system is measured the gas of low concentration, and air humidity has a great impact the result detecting.
Summary of the invention
The technical problem to be solved in the present invention is to have in order to overcome the method for prior art measure gas concentrations the defect that complex structure, measuring accuracy are low, be subject to the large and poor stability of external environment influence etc., a kind of concentration sensor is provided, this concentration sensor adopts infrared spectrum principle of absorption, make concentration sensor have highly sensitive, life-span length, low price, maintenance simply, safety anti-explosive and do not have element intoxicating phenomenon.
The present invention solves above-mentioned technical matters by following technical proposals:
The invention provides a kind of concentration sensor, its feature is, this concentration sensor comprises a photoelectric conversion unit, an Electric signal processing unit and a computing unit, this photoelectric conversion unit comprises one first photoelectric conversion unit and one second photoelectric conversion unit, this first photoelectric conversion unit comprises one first infrared light supply, one first optical filter, one first air chamber and one first infrared sensor, and this second photoelectric conversion unit comprises one second infrared light supply, one second optical filter, one second air chamber and one second infrared sensor;
This first infrared light supply is used for sending the first infrared light, this first infrared light is by the gas absorption to be measured in this first air chamber after this first optical filter filters, and this first infrared sensor is for receiving by the first infrared light of this gas absorption to be measured and being converted to the first electric signal;
This second infrared light supply is used for sending the second infrared light, this second infrared light is absorbed by the reference gas in this second air chamber after this second optical filter filters, and this second infrared sensor is for receiving the second infrared light being absorbed by this reference gas and being converted to the second electric signal;
This Electric signal processing unit for one first digital signal that this first electric signal receiving and this second electric signal are obtained after treatment and one second digital data transmission to this computing unit;
This computing unit is for calculating the concentration of this gas to be measured according to this first digital signal receiving and this second digital signal.
Preferably, this gas to be measured is methane gas.
Preferably, this reference gas is air.Certainly, this gas to be measured can also be other harmful gas in commercial production, and the selection of this reference gas is also not limited to air.
Preferably, this first optical filter and this second optical filter are a spike interference filter.
Preferably, the centre wavelength of this first optical filter is 4.26um, and half-wave bandwidth is 180nm.
Preferably, the centre wavelength of this second optical filter is 4.0um, and half-wave bandwidth is 90nm.This first optical filter is as the optical filter of selecting gas to be measured, its centre wavelength is that 4.26um shows that the infrared light that this first optical filter passes through under this centre wavelength is the absorption peak of the gas to be measured in this first air chamber, this centre wavelength is corresponding with the absorption peak of this gas to be measured, is conducive to the detection to the concentration of this gas to be measured.This second optical filter is as the optical filter of selecting reference gas, and the selection of its centre wavelength is conducive to this reference gas most and absorbs infrared light.
Preferably, this first infrared light supply and this second infrared light supply are the model of an IRL715(infrared light supply) light source.
Preferably, this first infrared sensor and this second infrared sensor are a thermopile sensor.
Preferably, this computing unit is for calculating the concentration of this gas to be measured according to lambert-beer law (Lang Bo-Beer law).
This concentration sensor of the present invention adopts infrared spectrum principle of absorption, when this gas to be measured is passed through in infrared optical radiation, the molecule absorption luminous energy of this gas to be measured, because different gas has different absorption spectrums to infrared light, the characteristic spectrum absorption intensity of gas is relevant with the concentration of gas, utilize this principle, can measure certain gas.The molecule of gas absorbs and follows lambert-beer law the selectivity of infrared light, therefore, according to gas to be measured absorption to infrared light to the absorption of infrared light and reference gas, utilizes lambert-beer law, can calculate the concentration of this gas to be measured.
Preferably, this Electric signal processing unit comprises a filtering circuit, a differential amplifier circuit and a digital to analog converter;
This filtering circuit is for carrying out filtering to this first electric signal and this second electric signal;
This differential amplifier circuit is used for being enlarged into one first amplifying signal and one second amplifying signal through filtered this first electric signal and this second electric signal, and this first amplifying signal and this second amplifying signal are transferred to this analog to digital converter;
This analog to digital converter is for this first amplifying signal and this second amplifying signal are converted to one first digital signal and one second digital signal, and by this first digital signal and this second digital data transmission to this computing unit.
Because the electric signal of infrared sensor output is very faint, thus need to amplify electric signal, this filtering circuit Main Function be in elimination electric signal with burr and clutter, suppress that power frequency is disturbed and circuit in noise.This differential amplifier circuit has symmetry, by good resistors match, makes circuit have higher common-mode rejection ratio, and has solved by temperature and float the Zero drift in main amplifier causing, effectively raises the signal to noise ratio (S/N ratio) of circuit and the sensitivity of measurement.
Preferably, this computing unit comprises a single-chip microcomputer, and this single-chip microcomputer calculates the concentration of this gas to be measured for this first digital signal based on receiving and this second digital signal.
Preferably, this concentration sensor also comprises a display, and this display is connected with this single-chip microcomputer, and this single-chip microcomputer is for the concentration of this gas to be measured is transferred to this display, and this display is for showing the concentration of this gas to be measured.Being provided with of this display is beneficial to the concentration that staff understands this on-the-spot gas to be measured in real time.
Preferably, this concentration sensor also comprises an alarm, this alarm is connected with this single-chip microcomputer, this single-chip microcomputer stores a setting threshold, this single-chip microcomputer is used for the relatively concentration of this gas to be measured and whether is greater than this setting threshold, if so, this single-chip microcomputer sends a warning message to this alarm, and this alarm for sending alarm after receiving this alerting signal.
Preferably, this single-chip microcomputer sends this warning message to one remote control center.
This single-chip microcomputer is sent to this alarm by this warning message and realizes local warning, be conducive to the concentration that on-the-spot staff recognizes gas to be measured in air chamber in time and whether surpass setting threshold, and make timely subsequent treatment when the concentration of gas to be measured surpasses setting threshold.This single-chip microcomputer is sent to this remote control center by this warning message, be conducive to the concentration that long-range staff recognizes gas to be measured in air chamber in time and whether surpass setting threshold, and when surpassing setting threshold, the concentration of gas to be measured notify timely the relevant personnel to implement subsequent treatment as evacuated on-the-spot gas to be measured, make it to be controlled under setting threshold, ensure the safety of on-the-spot working environment.
Positive progressive effect of the present invention is:
The invention provides a kind of concentration sensor, by the difference of the infrared light of the gas absorption to be measured in the first air chamber and the infrared light of the absorption of the reference gas in the second air chamber, make to calculate according to law the concentration of gas to be measured, that this concentration sensor has is highly sensitive, life-span length, low price, maintenance are simple, safety anti-explosive and do not have element intoxicating phenomenon.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the functional block diagram of the concentration sensor of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 2 is the schematic diagram of photoelectric conversion unit of the concentration sensor of the embodiment of the present invention 1.
Fig. 3 is the functional block diagram of the concentration sensor of the embodiment of the present invention 2.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, provide preferred embodiment of the present invention, to describe technical scheme of the present invention in detail, but therefore do not limit the present invention among described scope of embodiments.
Embodiment 1
As illustrated in fig. 1 and 2, the concentration sensor of the present embodiment comprises a photoelectric conversion unit 1, one Electric signal processing unit 2, one computing unit 3, one display 4, one alarm 5 and a remote control center 6, this photoelectric conversion unit 1 comprises one first photoelectric conversion unit 11 and one second photoelectric conversion unit 12, this first photoelectric conversion unit 11 comprises one first infrared light supply 111, one first spike interference filter 112, one first air chamber 113 and one first thermopile sensor 114, this second photoelectric conversion unit 12 comprises one second infrared light supply 121, one second spike interference filter 122, one second air chamber 123 and one second thermopile sensor 124, this Electric signal processing unit 2 comprises a filtering circuit 21, a differential amplifier circuit 22 and a digital to analog converter 23, this computing unit 3 comprises a single-chip microcomputer 31, this display 4, this alarm 5 and this remote control center 6 are connected with this single-chip microcomputer 31 respectively.
Wherein, this first infrared light supply 111 is for sending the first infrared light, this first infrared light is by the gas absorption to be measured in this first air chamber 113 after this first spike interference filter 112 filters, and this first thermopile sensor 114 is for receiving by the first infrared light of this gas absorption to be measured and being converted to the first electric signal;
This second infrared light supply 121 is for sending the second infrared light, this second infrared light is absorbed by the reference gas in this second air chamber 123 after this second spike interference filter 122 filters, and this second thermopile sensor 124 is for receiving the second infrared light being absorbed by this reference gas and being converted to the second electric signal;
This filtering circuit 21 is for carrying out filtering to this first electric signal and this second electric signal;
This differential amplifier circuit 22 is for being enlarged into one first amplifying signal and one second amplifying signal through filtered this first electric signal and this second electric signal, and this first amplifying signal and this second amplifying signal are transferred to this analog to digital converter 23;
This analog to digital converter 23 is for this first amplifying signal and this second amplifying signal are converted to one first digital signal and one second digital signal, and by this first digital signal and this second digital data transmission to this computing unit 3.
This single-chip microcomputer 31 utilizes lambert-beer law to calculate the concentration of this gas to be measured for this first digital signal based on receiving and this second digital signal.
This single-chip microcomputer 31 is also for transferring to the concentration of this gas to be measured this display 4, and this display 4 is for showing the concentration of this gas to be measured.
This single-chip microcomputer 31 stores a setting threshold, whether this single-chip microcomputer 31 is also greater than this setting threshold for the concentration of this gas to be measured relatively, if so, this single-chip microcomputer 31 sends a warning message to this alarm 5, and this alarm 5 for sending alarm after receiving this alerting signal.
This single-chip microcomputer 31 is also for sending this warning message to this remote control center 6.
In addition, this first infrared light supply and this second infrared light supply are an IRL715 light source.
Embodiment 2
Each functional module that the present embodiment calculates the concentration of gas to be measured by can realize in embodiment 1 is integrated in concrete hardware, as this remote control center 6 in embodiment 1 is integrated in the computing machine of the present embodiment, and detect the concentration of methane gas in mine working site, and select air as with reference to gas, below this is described in detail.
As shown in Figure 3, the concentration sensor of the present embodiment comprises a photoelectric conversion unit 1, an Electric signal processing unit 2, a single-chip microcomputer 3 ', a display 4, an alarm 5 and a computing machine 6 ', the parts that in the present embodiment, this photoelectric conversion unit 1 comprises with this Electric signal processing unit 2 are identical with the parts that this Electric signal processing unit 2 comprises with this photoelectric conversion unit 1 in embodiment 1, and this display 4, this alarm 5 and this computing machine 6 ' are connected with this single-chip microcomputer 3 ' respectively.
Wherein, this first infrared light supply 111 is for sending the first infrared light, this first infrared light is absorbed by the methane gas in this first air chamber 113 after this first spike interference filter 112 filters, and this first thermopile sensor 114 is for receiving the first infrared light being absorbed by this methane gas and being converted to the first electric signal;
This second infrared light supply 121 is for sending the second infrared light, this second infrared light is by the absorption of air in this second air chamber 123 after this second spike interference filter 122 filters, and this second thermopile sensor 124 is for receiving by the second infrared light of absorption of air and being converted to the second electric signal;
This filtering circuit 21 is for carrying out filtering to this first electric signal and this second electric signal;
This differential amplifier circuit 22 is for being enlarged into the first amplifying signal and one second amplifying signal through filtered this first electric signal and this second electric signal, and this first amplifying signal and this second amplifying signal are transferred to this analog to digital converter 23;
This analog to digital converter 23 is for this first amplifying signal and this second amplifying signal are converted to one first digital signal and one second digital signal, and by this first digital signal and this second digital data transmission to this single-chip microcomputer 3 '.
This single-chip microcomputer 3 ' utilizes lambert-beer law to calculate the concentration of this methane gas for this first digital signal based on receiving and this second digital signal.
This single-chip microcomputer 3 ' is also for the concentration of this methane gas is transferred to this display, and this display 4 is for showing the concentration of this methane gas.
This single-chip microcomputer 3 ' stores a setting threshold, whether this single-chip microcomputer 3 ' is also greater than this setting threshold for the concentration of this methane gas relatively, if, this single-chip microcomputer 3 ' sends a warning message to this alarm 5, this alarm 5 for sending alarm after receiving this alerting signal, the concentration of the methane gas at prompting staff scene has surpassed the threshold value of setting, need to carry out urgent subsequent treatment.
This single-chip microcomputer 3 ' is also for being a kind of serial physical interface standard that EIA formulates by this warning message by a RS485(RS485) interface chip transfers to this computing machine 6 '.This computing machine 6 ' is realized the function of remote alarms, be conducive to the concentration that long-range staff recognizes methane gas in time and whether surpass setting threshold, and when surpassing setting threshold, the concentration of methane gas notify timely the relevant personnel to implement subsequent treatment as notified in time workmen to evacuate scene, to processing such as scene ventilate, methane gas is spread apart gradually, the concentration of methane gas is controlled under setting threshold, ensure the safety of on-the-spot working environment, the excessive concentration of avoiding on-the-spot methane gas is brought life danger for staff.
In addition, this first infrared light supply and this second infrared light supply are an IRL715 light source, and the centre wavelength of this first spike interference filter is 4.26um, and half-wave bandwidth is 180nm, the centre wavelength of this second spike interference filter is 4.0um, and half-wave bandwidth is 90nm.
Each functional module in the present invention all can be realized in conjunction with existing software programming means under existing hardware condition, therefore its concrete methods of realizing is not all repeated at this.
Although more than described the specific embodiment of the present invention, it will be understood by those of skill in the art that these only illustrate, protection scope of the present invention is limited by appended claims.Those skilled in the art is not deviating under the prerequisite of principle of the present invention and essence, can make various changes or modifications to these embodiments, but these changes and modification all fall into protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a concentration sensor, it is characterized in that, this concentration sensor comprises a photoelectric conversion unit, an Electric signal processing unit and a computing unit, this photoelectric conversion unit comprises one first photoelectric conversion unit and one second photoelectric conversion unit, this first photoelectric conversion unit comprises one first infrared light supply, one first optical filter, one first air chamber and one first infrared sensor, and this second photoelectric conversion unit comprises one second infrared light supply, one second optical filter, one second air chamber and one second infrared sensor;
This first infrared light supply is used for sending the first infrared light, this first infrared light is by the gas absorption to be measured in this first air chamber after this first optical filter filters, and this first infrared sensor is for receiving by the first infrared light of this gas absorption to be measured and being converted to the first electric signal;
This second infrared light supply is used for sending the second infrared light, this second infrared light is absorbed by the reference gas in this second air chamber after this second optical filter filters, and this second infrared sensor is for receiving the second infrared light being absorbed by this reference gas and being converted to the second electric signal;
This Electric signal processing unit for one first digital signal that this first electric signal receiving and this second electric signal are obtained after treatment and one second digital data transmission to this computing unit;
This computing unit is for calculating the concentration of this gas to be measured according to this first digital signal receiving and this second digital signal.
2. concentration sensor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, this gas to be measured is methane gas; And/or this reference gas is air.
3. concentration sensor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, this first optical filter and this second optical filter are a spike interference filter.
4. concentration sensor as claimed in claim 3, is characterized in that, the centre wavelength of this first optical filter is 4.26um, and half-wave bandwidth is 180nm; And/or the centre wavelength of this second optical filter is 4.0um, half-wave bandwidth is 90nm.
5. concentration sensor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, this first infrared light supply and this second infrared light supply are an IRL715 light source; And/or this first infrared sensor and this second infrared sensor are a thermopile sensor.
6. concentration sensor as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that, this computing unit is for calculating the concentration of this gas to be measured according to lambert-beer law.
7. the concentration sensor as described in any one in claim 1-6, is characterized in that, this Electric signal processing unit comprises a filtering circuit, a differential amplifier circuit and a digital to analog converter;
This filtering circuit is for carrying out filtering to this first electric signal and this second electric signal;
This differential amplifier circuit is used for being enlarged into one first amplifying signal and one second amplifying signal through filtered this first electric signal and this second electric signal, and this first amplifying signal and this second amplifying signal are transferred to this analog to digital converter;
This analog to digital converter is for this first amplifying signal and this second amplifying signal are converted to one first digital signal and one second digital signal, and by this first digital signal and this second digital data transmission to this computing unit.
8. the concentration sensor as described in any one in claim 7, is characterized in that, this computing unit comprises a single-chip microcomputer, and this single-chip microcomputer calculates the concentration of this gas to be measured for this first digital signal based on receiving and this second digital signal.
9. concentration sensor as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, this concentration sensor also comprises a display, and this display is connected with this single-chip microcomputer, this single-chip microcomputer is for the concentration of this gas to be measured is transferred to this display, and this display is for showing the concentration of this gas to be measured.
10. concentration sensor as claimed in claim 8, it is characterized in that, this concentration sensor also comprises an alarm, this alarm is connected with this single-chip microcomputer, this single-chip microcomputer stores a setting threshold, and this single-chip microcomputer is used for the relatively concentration of this gas to be measured and whether is greater than this setting threshold, if, this single-chip microcomputer sends a warning message to this alarm, and this alarm for sending alarm after receiving this alerting signal; And/or this single-chip microcomputer sends this warning message to one remote control center.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310027987.1A CN103969209A (en) | 2013-01-24 | 2013-01-24 | Concentration sensor |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310027987.1A CN103969209A (en) | 2013-01-24 | 2013-01-24 | Concentration sensor |
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Cited By (8)
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| CN104535498A (en) * | 2014-12-05 | 2015-04-22 | 复旦大学 | Organophosphorus detector |
| CN104568808A (en) * | 2014-12-29 | 2015-04-29 | 杭州麦乐克电子科技有限公司 | Multi-functional infrared gas sensor |
| CN104833645A (en) * | 2015-05-13 | 2015-08-12 | 南京信息工程大学 | Gas sensor with adjustable range, sensing system and sensing method |
| CN105067566A (en) * | 2015-07-28 | 2015-11-18 | 陕西科技大学 | Portable intelligent measuring device for measuring gas concentration |
| CN107430073A (en) * | 2015-07-10 | 2017-12-01 | 松下知识产权经营株式会社 | Function water concentration sensor |
| CN109946231A (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2019-06-28 | 上海交通大学 | The differential photoacoustic measurement system and method for having temperature-compensating |
| CN114112971A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-01 | 电子科技大学长三角研究院(湖州) | Infrared light detection method for rapidly detecting industrial emission formaldehyde |
| CN114136912A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-04 | 河南森斯科传感技术有限公司 | Double-light adjustable infrared gas sensor |
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| CN109946231B (en) * | 2019-03-13 | 2021-04-27 | 上海交通大学 | Differential photoacoustic measurement system and method with temperature compensation |
| CN114112971A (en) * | 2021-11-23 | 2022-03-01 | 电子科技大学长三角研究院(湖州) | Infrared light detection method for rapidly detecting industrial emission formaldehyde |
| CN114136912A (en) * | 2021-12-01 | 2022-03-04 | 河南森斯科传感技术有限公司 | Double-light adjustable infrared gas sensor |
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