CN103968793A - Method for simply measuring initial and partial geometric imperfections of metal component - Google Patents
Method for simply measuring initial and partial geometric imperfections of metal component Download PDFInfo
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- CN103968793A CN103968793A CN201410179015.9A CN201410179015A CN103968793A CN 103968793 A CN103968793 A CN 103968793A CN 201410179015 A CN201410179015 A CN 201410179015A CN 103968793 A CN103968793 A CN 103968793A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a method for simply measuring initial and partial geometric imperfections of a metal component. In the method, a resistance-type displacement meter is used in cooperation with a common steel ruler to conduct measurement on the initial and partial geometric imperfections of multiple measured cross sections of the metal component. The method has the advantages of being convenient to operate and high in accuracy, effectiveness and reliability.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to hardware measuring method field, specifically the simple measurement method of the initial local geometric defect of a kind of hardware.
Background technology
Metal structural component is due to the restriction of production technology and processing technology in production, forging and process, inevitably there is such or such initial imperfection, and the initial local geometric defect of member is exactly the important defective form of a class wherein, especially for the larger thin-wall member of flakiness ratio, initial local geometric defect often has vital impact to its mechanical property and failure mode.Therefore, in Structural Engineering field, especially in the designing and calculating of metal structural component, no matter be traditional carbon steel material structural elements, or the high performance steel structural elements taking high-strength steel and stainless steel as representative, and even the new metallic material structural elements taking aluminium alloy as representative, initial local geometric defect is all the problem that civil engineer and structural design teacher must solve.And for researcher, must consider equally the initial local geometric defect of member to the finite element numerical simulation of metal structural component.Nowadays, adopt modern experimental technique method, as laser scanner technique or three-dimension integrally imaging technique can be measured the initial local geometric defect of member accurately, but these advanced measuring methods need to adopt complexity and expensive professional surveying instrument, and common lab does not possess this class surveying instrument conventionally, therefore how just become urgent problem in scientific research and engineering practice by the convenient initial local geometric defect of measuring accurately member of easy method.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide the simple measurement method of the initial local geometric defect of a kind of hardware, to solve the problem of the initial local geometric defectoscopy of hardware inconvenience in prior art.
In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is:
The simple measurement method of the initial local geometric defect of hardware comprises the following steps:
(1) member is fixed on horizontal irony platform, fix a steel ruler in the position level that member one side is parallel with measuring cross section, then the magnetic force bearing of resistance-type displacement meter being close to steel ruler is fixed together near a side of member, and the front-end probe that makes resistance-type displacement meter is suspended from the outward flange top of member away from steel ruler end, but contact member is not measured surface, the magnetic force bearing that records resistance-type displacement meter is aimed at the initial position of steel ruler;
(2) by resistance-type displacement meter connection data Acquisition Instrument, and by primary data zero clearing, the position all around of adjusting resistance formula displacement meter, make resistance-type displacement meter measure surface perpendicular to member, the front-end probe alignment members of resistance-type displacement meter is measured the outward flange of cross section away from steel ruler end, and make the front-end probe of resistance-type displacement meter and member measure Surface Contact, and progressively press downward to, guarantee that by the real-time reading of data collecting instrument the length that the front-end probe of resistance-type displacement meter is pressed into is just the half of its maximum range, make the front-end probe of displacement meter in measuring process both can extend also and can shorten, and the distance of extending and shorten is all the half of its maximum range, thereby guarantee the effective measurement to large initial local geometric defect, also improved the precision of measuring,
(3) resistance-type displacement meter is fixed on magnetic force bearing, again by the data zero clearing of data collecting instrument, then the magnetic force bearing of resistance-type displacement meter is unclamped, along fixing steel ruler towards moving a segment distance away from the direction of member, again the magnetic force bearing of resistance-type displacement meter is fixed, record new data by data collecting instrument, and so forth, after the magnetic force bearing of each resistance-type displacement meter moves identical distance, read a secondary data, measure the opposite side outward flange of cross section near steel ruler end until the front-end probe of resistance-type displacement meter moves to member;
(4) the magnetic force bearing of resistance-type displacement meter is put back to again to the initial position of aiming at steel ruler before, unclamp member, and member is overturn, remeasure the initial local geometric defect on member opposite side surface by above-mentioned steps, until the measurement of all surface of member is complete, obtain measuring the whole initial local geometric defects in cross section;
(5) adopt above-mentioned steps to obtain the initial local geometric defect in each different measuring cross section of member, gather after the data of each measurement point of all measurements of member cross section, draw the initial local geometric defect profile line in each measurement cross section of member, obtain the initial local geometric defect of maximum in each measurement cross section.
The invention provides the measuring method of the initial local geometric defect of a kind of easy hardware, operation more for convenience, and has advantages of that accuracy, validity and reliability are high.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is measuring principle figure of the present invention.
Embodiment
Shown in Figure 1, the simple measurement method of the initial local geometric defect of hardware comprises the following steps:
(1) member is fixed on horizontal irony platform, fix a steel ruler in the position level that member one side is parallel with measuring cross section, then the magnetic force bearing of resistance-type displacement meter being close to steel ruler is fixed together near a side of member, and the front-end probe that makes resistance-type displacement meter is suspended from the outward flange top of member away from steel ruler end, but contact member is not measured surface, the magnetic force bearing that records resistance-type displacement meter is aimed at the initial position of steel ruler;
(2) by resistance-type displacement meter connection data Acquisition Instrument, and by primary data zero clearing, the position all around of adjusting resistance formula displacement meter, make resistance-type displacement meter measure surface perpendicular to member, the front-end probe alignment members of resistance-type displacement meter is measured the outward flange of cross section away from steel ruler end, and make the front-end probe of resistance-type displacement meter and member measure Surface Contact, and progressively press downward to, guarantee that by the real-time reading of data collecting instrument the length that the front-end probe of resistance-type displacement meter is pressed into is just the half of its maximum range, make the front-end probe of displacement meter in measuring process both can extend also and can shorten, and the distance of extending and shorten is all the half of its maximum range, thereby guarantee the effective measurement to large initial local geometric defect, also improved the precision of measuring,
(3) resistance-type displacement meter is fixed on magnetic force bearing, again by the data zero clearing of data collecting instrument, then the magnetic force bearing of resistance-type displacement meter is unclamped, along fixing steel ruler towards moving a segment distance away from the direction of member, again the magnetic force bearing of resistance-type displacement meter is fixed, record new data by data collecting instrument, and so forth, after the magnetic force bearing of each resistance-type displacement meter moves identical distance, read a secondary data, measure the opposite side outward flange of cross section near steel ruler end until the front-end probe of resistance-type displacement meter moves to member;
(4) the magnetic force bearing of resistance-type displacement meter is put back to again to the initial position of aiming at steel ruler before, unclamp member, and member is overturn, remeasure the initial local geometric defect on member opposite side surface by above-mentioned steps, until the measurement of all surface of member is complete, obtain measuring the whole initial local geometric defects in cross section;
(5) adopt above-mentioned steps to obtain the initial local geometric defect in each different measuring cross section of member, gather after the data of each measurement point of all measurements of member cross section, draw the initial local geometric defect profile line in each measurement cross section of member, obtain the initial local geometric defect of maximum in each measurement cross section.
In the present invention, in order to make the scope of measuring contain as far as possible whole member, conventionally choose the midsection of member and the cross section at the close member two ends measurement cross section as initial local geometric defect.
In the present invention, the range of steel ruler must be greater than the sectional dimension of member, guarantees that resistance-type displacement meter can measure all measurement points of member section, can not affect the precision of measurement.
In the present invention, the distance at steel ruler and member edge is moderate, can not too closely can not be too far away, and the measurement range that too closely can dwindle resistance-type displacement meter, possibly cannot measure the part measurement point near steel ruler end, and then the precision measured of impact; The measurement range that too far can dwindle equally resistance-type displacement meter, possibly cannot measure the part measurement point away from steel ruler end, can affect equally the precision of measurement.
In the present invention, due to the initial local geometric defect of hardware conventionally≤± 1.0mm, so the resistance-type displacement meter that selected range is 5mm conventionally in measurement can effectively improve the precision of measurement.
In the present invention, the magnetic force bearing of resistance-type displacement meter is determined by the sectional dimension of member and the accuracy requirement of measurement along the each mobile distance of fixing steel ruler, if the sectional dimension of member is larger, or the accuracy requirement of measuring is not high, each mobile distance can be slightly large, measures the measurement point in cross section and obtain comparatively sparse; If the sectional dimension of member is less, or the accuracy requirement of measuring is higher, and each mobile distance can be slightly little, measures the measurement point in cross section and obtain comparatively intensive.
In the present invention, the data of data collecting instrument record represent that on the occasion of (+ve) member measures surperficial measurement point indent, and negative value (ve) represents that member measures surperficial measurement point evagination.
The member of having relatively high expectations for measuring accuracy, can, by means of numerically-controlled machine, be fixed on numerically-controlled machine by member and resistance-type displacement meter respectively, adopts similar method to measure; Or the three-dimensional coordinate measuring instrument that adopts Japanese Mitutoyo company, measuring accuracy can reach 0.001mm equally, and can realize the robotization of measuring overall process.
Claims (1)
1. the simple measurement method of the initial local geometric defect of hardware, is characterized in that: comprise the following steps:
(1) member is fixed on horizontal irony platform, fix a steel ruler in the position level that member one side is parallel with measuring cross section, then the magnetic force bearing of resistance-type displacement meter being close to steel ruler is fixed together near a side of member, and the front-end probe that makes resistance-type displacement meter is suspended from the outward flange top of member away from steel ruler end, but contact member is not measured surface, the magnetic force bearing that records resistance-type displacement meter is aimed at the initial position of steel ruler;
(2) by resistance-type displacement meter connection data Acquisition Instrument, and by primary data zero clearing, the position all around of adjusting resistance formula displacement meter, make resistance-type displacement meter measure surface perpendicular to member, the front-end probe alignment members of resistance-type displacement meter is measured the outward flange of cross section away from steel ruler end, and make the front-end probe of resistance-type displacement meter and member measure Surface Contact, and progressively press downward to, guarantee that by the real-time reading of data collecting instrument the length that the front-end probe of resistance-type displacement meter is pressed into is just the half of its maximum range, make the front-end probe of displacement meter in measuring process both can extend also and can shorten, and the distance of extending and shorten is all the half of its maximum range, thereby guarantee the effective measurement to large initial local geometric defect, also improved the precision of measuring,
(3) resistance-type displacement meter is fixed on magnetic force bearing, again by the data zero clearing of data collecting instrument, then the magnetic force bearing of resistance-type displacement meter is unclamped, along fixing steel ruler towards moving a segment distance away from the direction of member, again the magnetic force bearing of resistance-type displacement meter is fixed, record new data by data collecting instrument, and so forth, after the magnetic force bearing of each resistance-type displacement meter moves identical distance, read a secondary data, measure the opposite side outward flange of cross section near steel ruler end until the front-end probe of resistance-type displacement meter moves to member;
(4) the magnetic force bearing of resistance-type displacement meter is put back to again to the initial position of aiming at steel ruler before, unclamp member, and member is overturn, remeasure the initial local geometric defect on member opposite side surface by above-mentioned steps, until the measurement of all surface of member is complete, obtain measuring the whole initial local geometric defects in cross section;
(5) adopt above-mentioned steps to obtain the initial local geometric defect in each different measuring cross section of member, gather after the data of each measurement point of all measurements of member cross section, draw the initial local geometric defect profile line in each measurement cross section of member, obtain the initial local geometric defect of maximum in each measurement cross section.
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| CN201410179015.9A CN103968793A (en) | 2014-04-29 | 2014-04-29 | Method for simply measuring initial and partial geometric imperfections of metal component |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107843557A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-27 | 清华大学 | A kind of round steel pipe outer wall geometry initial imperfection measuring method |
| CN108981572A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-11 | 华侨大学 | A kind of rectangular steel plates geometry initial imperfection measurement method |
| CN109029249A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-12-18 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of multifunction structure component geometry initial imperfection measuring device and its application method |
Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050219551A1 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-06 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Surface shape measuring apparatus and surface shape measuring method |
| CN101865681A (en) * | 2010-06-20 | 2010-10-20 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Edge wave detector for single-point laser steel plate |
| CN103063172A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-24 | 清华大学 | Device capable of continuously measuring structure component partial geometric initial imperfection and method |
-
2014
- 2014-04-29 CN CN201410179015.9A patent/CN103968793A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US20050219551A1 (en) * | 2004-03-31 | 2005-10-06 | Nitto Denko Corporation | Surface shape measuring apparatus and surface shape measuring method |
| CN101865681A (en) * | 2010-06-20 | 2010-10-20 | 武汉钢铁(集团)公司 | Edge wave detector for single-point laser steel plate |
| CN103063172A (en) * | 2012-12-20 | 2013-04-24 | 清华大学 | Device capable of continuously measuring structure component partial geometric initial imperfection and method |
Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107843557A (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2018-03-27 | 清华大学 | A kind of round steel pipe outer wall geometry initial imperfection measuring method |
| CN107843557B (en) * | 2017-10-26 | 2020-08-21 | 清华大学 | Method for measuring geometric initial defects of outer wall of circular steel tube |
| CN109029249A (en) * | 2018-05-17 | 2018-12-18 | 太原理工大学 | A kind of multifunction structure component geometry initial imperfection measuring device and its application method |
| CN108981572A (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2018-12-11 | 华侨大学 | A kind of rectangular steel plates geometry initial imperfection measurement method |
| CN108981572B (en) * | 2018-08-06 | 2020-09-04 | 华侨大学 | Method for measuring geometric initial defects of rectangular steel plate |
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