CN103968758A - Mechanical device of automatic planar thread measurement system - Google Patents

Mechanical device of automatic planar thread measurement system Download PDF

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CN103968758A
CN103968758A CN201410183385.XA CN201410183385A CN103968758A CN 103968758 A CN103968758 A CN 103968758A CN 201410183385 A CN201410183385 A CN 201410183385A CN 103968758 A CN103968758 A CN 103968758A
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measuring
guide
axis
head
leveling
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CN103968758B (en
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茅振华
毛晓辉
陈挺
周闻青
汪黎栋
陈元杰
单越康
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Zhejiang Province Institute of Metrology
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Zhejiang Province Institute of Metrology
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Abstract

本发明公开了一种平面螺纹自动测量系统的机械装置。本发明包括用于测量平面螺纹盘丝工件极径的跟踪式极径测量机构、用于检测转角并调整平面螺纹盘丝工件的调平调心及极角主轴机构,跟踪式极径测量机构的导轨安装箱体通过丝杠升降座安装在工作台上并沿丝杠升降座的丝杠上下移动,调平调心及极角主轴机构安装在跟踪式极径测量机构一侧下方的工作台上。本发明主要用于平面螺纹螺旋线的检测。本发明保证了驱动头始终与平面螺纹外螺旋面接触,测量头跟踪驱动头,只有在测量时才与工件接触,并带动光栅读数头进行测量,克服了因测头磨损对测量误差带来的影响。

The invention discloses a mechanical device of a plane thread automatic measuring system. The invention includes a tracking type pole diameter measuring mechanism for measuring the pole diameter of a plane threaded coil workpiece, a leveling, centering and polar angle spindle mechanism for detecting the rotation angle and adjusting the plane threaded coil workpiece, and a tracking type pole diameter measuring mechanism. The guide rail installation box is installed on the worktable through the screw lifting seat and moves up and down along the lead screw of the screw lifting seat. The leveling, centering and polar angle spindle mechanism is installed on the working table below the side of the tracking polar diameter measuring mechanism. . The invention is mainly used for the detection of the plane thread helix. The invention ensures that the driving head is always in contact with the outer helical surface of the plane thread, the measuring head tracks the driving head, and only contacts the workpiece during measurement, and drives the grating reading head to measure, which overcomes the measurement error caused by the wear of the measuring head Influence.

Description

一种平面螺纹自动测量系统的机械装置Mechanical device of a flat thread automatic measuring system

技术领域 technical field

本发明涉及一种平面螺纹测量装置,尤其涉及一种平面螺纹自动测量系统的机械装置。 The invention relates to a plane thread measuring device, in particular to a mechanical device of a plane thread automatic measuring system.

背景技术 Background technique

当平面内的一动点沿一直线作等速运动,同时该直线又绕线上一点作等速回转运动,则动点的轨迹就是平面螺旋线,而沿着螺旋线所形成的、具有规定牙形的连续凸起就是平面螺纹。在工业生产的许多场合,需要对平面螺纹进行精确测量。目前,较为常见的方法有工具显微镜法。 When a moving point in the plane moves at a constant speed along a straight line, and at the same time, the line moves around a point on the line at a constant speed, then the track of the moving point is a plane spiral, and the shape formed along the spiral has a specified tooth. The continuous protrusion of the shape is the flat thread. In many occasions of industrial production, accurate measurement of flat threads is required. At present, the more common method is tool microscopy.

由于受检测技术与装备的的限制,目前我国大多数卡盘生产厂家仍采用静态分点测量法,即采用万能工具显微镜与度盘组合检测平面螺纹的螺旋线误差,完成一次测量约30分钟。 Due to the limitations of detection technology and equipment, most chuck manufacturers in my country still use the static subpoint measurement method, that is, the combination of a universal tool microscope and a dial to detect the helical error of the plane thread, and it takes about 30 minutes to complete a measurement.

这种测量调整复杂,数据处理繁琐,测量精度低,效率低。 This kind of measurement adjustment is complicated, the data processing is cumbersome, the measurement accuracy is low, and the efficiency is low.

发明内容 Contents of the invention

本发明的目的是针对现有技术的不足,提供一种平面螺纹自动测量系统的机械装置,把测头分为测量和驱动两部分,工件一次装夹后直接调平调心,检测过程无需人工干预从而实现平面螺纹的可靠高效测量。 The purpose of the present invention is to provide a mechanical device for a flat thread automatic measuring system against the deficiencies of the prior art. The measuring head is divided into two parts: measuring and driving. The workpiece can be directly leveled and centered after being clamped once, and the detection process does not require manual labor. Intervention for reliable and efficient measurement of flat threads.

为实现上述目的,本发明所采取的技术方案为: In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

本发明包括用于测量平面螺纹盘丝工件极径的跟踪式极径测量机构、用于检测转角并调整平面螺纹盘丝工件的调平调心及极角主轴机构,跟踪式极径测量机构的导轨安装箱体通过丝杠升降座安装在工作台上并沿丝杠升降座的丝杠上下移动,调平调心及极角主轴机构安装在跟踪式极径测量机构一侧下方的工作台上。 The invention includes a tracking type pole diameter measuring mechanism for measuring the pole diameter of a plane threaded coil workpiece, a leveling, centering and polar angle spindle mechanism for detecting the rotation angle and adjusting the plane threaded coil workpiece, and a tracking type pole diameter measuring mechanism. The guide rail installation box is installed on the worktable through the screw lifting seat and moves up and down along the lead screw of the screw lifting seat. The leveling, centering and polar angle spindle mechanism is installed on the working table below the side of the tracking polar diameter measuring mechanism. .

所述的跟踪式极径测量机构包括导轨安装箱体、测量头、驱动头、测量导向轴、驱动导向轴、微动气缸;导轨安装箱体内设有平行布置的测量导向轴和驱动导向轴,测量导向轴位于驱动导向轴的上方,测量导向轴靠近调平调心及极角主轴机构一端与L型支架的一端侧面连接,测量头通过销轴安装在L型支架的另一端侧面,驱动导向轴靠近调平调心及极角主轴机构一端与驱动头支架的连接,驱动头安装在驱动头支架下端面,驱动头和测量头平行安装在被测量的平面螺纹盘丝工件的正上方; The track-type polar diameter measuring mechanism includes a guide rail installation box, a measuring head, a driving head, a measurement guide shaft, a drive guide shaft, and a micro-motion cylinder; the guide rail installation box is provided with a parallel arrangement of a measurement guide shaft and a drive guide shaft , the measurement guide shaft is located above the drive guide shaft, the end of the measurement guide shaft close to the leveling, centering and polar angle spindle mechanism is connected to the side of one end of the L-shaped bracket, the measuring head is installed on the other side of the L-shaped bracket through the pin shaft, and the drive The end of the guide shaft close to the leveling, centering and polar angle spindle mechanism is connected to the drive head bracket. The drive head is installed on the lower end surface of the drive head bracket, and the drive head and the measuring head are installed in parallel directly above the flat threaded coil workpiece to be measured;

与测量导向轴平行对应的导轨安装箱体的前面板上开有用于对测量导向轴视线观测的条形槽,测量导向轴上方的前面板上安装有光栅尺,导轨安装箱体内的测量导向轴上套有动尺连接套,动尺连接套沿测量导向轴滑动,动尺连接套上固定安装有动尺连接片,动尺连接片上安装有与光栅尺配合视线观测的动尺;测量导向轴远离调平调心及极角主轴机构一端与调整支架的连接,调整支架上安装有测量头调整体和测量头弹簧连接片,测量头调整体位于测量头弹簧连接片上方;驱动导向轴远离调平调心及极角主轴机构一端与尾部支架的连接,尾部支架顶面上安装有杠杆底板,杠杆底板上安装有微动气缸和杠杆支架,杠杆轴通过杠杆销轴铰接在杠杆支架侧面,微动气缸的活塞杆与安装在杠杆支架中的杠杆轴底端连接,杠杆轴顶端伸出杠杆支架,驱动头弹簧连接片与测量头弹簧连接片之间连接有弹簧。 The front panel of the guide rail installation box parallel to the measurement guide shaft is provided with a strip groove for line-of-sight observation of the measurement guide shaft. A grating scale is installed on the front panel above the measurement guide shaft. The measurement guide shaft in the guide rail installation box There is a moving ruler connecting sleeve on the upper sleeve, which slides along the measuring guide shaft, and a moving ruler connecting piece is fixedly installed on the moving ruler connecting sleeve, and a moving ruler that cooperates with the grating ruler for sight observation is installed on the moving ruler connecting piece; Away from the connection between the end of the leveling, centering and polar angle spindle mechanism and the adjustment bracket, the adjustment body of the measuring head and the spring connecting piece of the measuring head are installed on the adjusting bracket, the adjusting body of the measuring head is located above the spring connecting piece of the measuring head; the driving guide shaft is far away from the adjusting One end of the center-aligning and polar-angle spindle mechanism is connected to the tail bracket. A lever bottom plate is installed on the top surface of the tail bracket. A micro-motion cylinder and a lever bracket are installed on the lever bottom plate. The lever shaft is hinged on the side of the lever bracket through a lever pin. The piston rod of the dynamic cylinder is connected with the bottom end of the lever shaft installed in the lever bracket, the top of the lever shaft stretches out of the lever bracket, and a spring is connected between the spring connecting piece of the driving head and the spring connecting piece of the measuring head.

测量时,所述的驱动头紧贴平面螺纹盘丝工件的侧面,测量头插入平面螺纹盘丝工件上的螺纹孔中,并与孔壁接触;杠杆轴顶端与测量头调整体配合接触。 During measurement, the drive head is close to the side of the plane threaded coil workpiece, the measuring head is inserted into the threaded hole on the plane threaded coil workpiece, and contacts with the hole wall; the top end of the lever shaft is in contact with the measuring head adjustment body.

所述的L型支架另一端面上安装有用于检测平面螺纹盘丝工件旋转后沿垂直方向位移的激光位移传感器。 The other end surface of the L-shaped bracket is equipped with a laser displacement sensor for detecting the displacement along the vertical direction of the flat threaded coil workpiece after rotation.

所述的调平调心及极角主轴机构包括圆光栅尺角度盘、调平调心台、回转轴、定尺、刚性联轴器、气动三联件、气浮主轴和伺服电机,伺服电机安装在工作台的机架底部,伺服电机通过刚性联轴器与回转轴一端连接,回转轴另一端通过刚性联轴器与气浮主轴连接,气浮主轴上端穿过工作台与调平调心台连接,回转轴上通过固定连接片安装圆光栅尺角度盘,圆光栅尺角度盘侧面设有定尺,定尺通过定尺安装杆安装在机架上,机架底面安装有气动三联件,气动三联件通过软管气浮主轴连接。 The described leveling, centering and polar angle spindle mechanism includes a circular grating scale angle plate, a leveling and centering platform, a rotary shaft, a fixed length, a rigid coupling, a pneumatic triple, an air bearing spindle, and a servo motor. The servo motor is installed At the bottom of the frame of the worktable, the servo motor is connected to one end of the rotary shaft through a rigid coupling, and the other end of the rotary shaft is connected to the air-floating spindle through a rigid coupling, and the upper end of the air-floating spindle passes through the workbench and the leveling and centering platform Connection, the angle plate of the circular grating scale is installed on the rotary shaft through the fixed connecting piece, the side of the angle plate of the circular grating scale is provided with a fixed length, and the fixed length is installed on the frame through the fixed length installation rod, and the bottom surface of the frame is installed with a pneumatic triple piece. The triplets are connected by a hose air bearing spindle.

本发明的有益效果: Beneficial effects of the present invention:

本发明的跟踪式极径测量机构保证了驱动头始终与平面螺纹外螺旋面接触,测量头跟踪驱动头,只有在测量时才与工件接触,并带动光栅读数头进行测量,克服了因测头磨损对测量误差带来的影响。 The tracking type polar diameter measuring mechanism of the present invention ensures that the driving head is always in contact with the outer helical surface of the plane thread, and the measuring head tracks the driving head, and only contacts with the workpiece during measurement, and drives the grating reading head to measure, which overcomes the problem caused by the measuring head The effect of wear on measurement errors.

附图说明 Description of drawings

图1是本发明的主视图。 Fig. 1 is a front view of the present invention.

图2是本发明的右视图。 Fig. 2 is a right side view of the present invention.

图3是本发明的俯视图。 Figure 3 is a top view of the present invention.

图4是本发明的极径跟踪与测量机构的结构示意图。 Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the pole radius tracking and measuring mechanism of the present invention.

图5是本发明的极径跟踪与测量机构的左侧局部放大图。 Fig. 5 is a partial enlarged view on the left side of the pole radius tracking and measuring mechanism of the present invention.

图6是本发明的调平调心及极角主轴机构的结构示意图。 Fig. 6 is a structural schematic diagram of the leveling, centering and polar angle spindle mechanism of the present invention.

图7是本发明的总体工作原理图。 Fig. 7 is an overall working principle diagram of the present invention.

图中:A、极径跟踪与测量机构,B、调平调心及极角主轴机构,C、丝杠升降座,1、驱动头,2、测量头,3、驱动头支架,4、销轴,5、L型支架,6、测量导向轴,7、第一带法兰螺帽,8、动尺连接套,9、动尺,10、前面板,11、第二带法兰螺帽,12、调整支架,13、测量头调整体,14、测量头弹簧连接片,15、弹簧,16、杠杆轴,17、驱动头弹簧连接片,18、杠杆销轴,19、杠杆支架,20、微动气缸,21、杠杆底板,22、尾部支架,23、侧板,24、机架,25、伺服电机,26、刚性联轴器,27、圆光栅尺角度盘,28、固定连接片,29、回转轴,30、气浮主轴,31、调平调心台,32、平面螺纹盘丝工件,33、定尺,34、软管,35、气动三联件,36、驱动导向轴,37、激光位移传感器,38、导轨安装箱体,39、光栅尺。 In the figure: A. Pole diameter tracking and measuring mechanism, B. Leveling, centering and polar angle spindle mechanism, C. Lead screw lifting seat, 1. Driving head, 2. Measuring head, 3. Driving head bracket, 4. Pin Shaft, 5. L-shaped bracket, 6. Measuring guide shaft, 7. The first nut with flange, 8. Connecting sleeve of moving ruler, 9. Moving ruler, 10. Front panel, 11. The second nut with flange , 12, adjusting bracket, 13, measuring head adjusting body, 14, measuring head spring connecting piece, 15, spring, 16, lever shaft, 17, driving head spring connecting piece, 18, lever pin, 19, lever bracket, 20 , micro-moving cylinder, 21, lever bottom plate, 22, tail bracket, 23, side plate, 24, frame, 25, servo motor, 26, rigid coupling, 27, circular grating scale angle plate, 28, fixed connecting piece . 37. Laser displacement sensor, 38. Guide rail installation box, 39. Grating ruler.

具体实施方式 Detailed ways

下面结合附图对本发明创造技术方案的实施方式进行详细说明。 The implementation of the technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

如图1~图3所示,本发明包括用于测量平面螺纹盘丝工件32极径的跟踪式极径测量机构A、用于检测转角并调整平面螺纹盘丝工件32的调平调心及极角主轴机构B,跟踪式极径测量机构A的导轨安装箱体38通过丝杠升降座C安装在工作台上并沿丝杠升降座C的丝杠上下移动,调平调心及极角主轴机构B安装在跟踪式极径测量机构A一侧下方的工作台上。 As shown in Figures 1 to 3, the present invention includes a tracking type pole diameter measuring mechanism A for measuring the pole diameter of the plane threaded coil workpiece 32, a leveling and centering mechanism A for detecting the rotation angle and adjusting the plane threaded coil workpiece 32 The polar angle spindle mechanism B, the guide rail installation box 38 of the tracking type polar diameter measuring mechanism A is installed on the workbench through the screw lifting seat C and moves up and down along the lead screw of the screw lifting seat C to level the centering and polar angle. The main shaft mechanism B is installed on the workbench under one side of the tracking type pole diameter measuring mechanism A.

如图4所示,跟踪式极径测量机构包括导轨安装箱体38、测量头2、驱动头1、测量导向轴6、驱动导向轴36、微动气缸20;导轨安装箱体38内设有平行布置的测量导向轴6和驱动导向轴36,测量导向轴6位于驱动导向轴36的上方,测量导向轴6靠近调平调心及极角主轴机构B一端与L型支架5的一端侧面连接,测量头2通过销轴4安装在L型支架5的另一端侧面,驱动导向轴36靠近调平调心及极角主轴机构B一端与驱动头支架3的连接,驱动头1安装在驱动头支架3下端面,驱动头1和测量头2平行安装在被测量的平面螺纹盘丝工件32的正上方;测量头2位于驱动头1外侧,测量导向轴6两端分别通过第一带法兰螺帽7、第二带法兰螺帽11安装在导轨安装箱体38的两侧侧板23上。 As shown in Figure 4, the tracking type polar diameter measuring mechanism includes a guide rail installation box 38, a measuring head 2, a drive head 1, a measurement guide shaft 6, a drive guide shaft 36, and a micro-motion cylinder 20; the guide rail installation box 38 is provided with The measurement guide shaft 6 and the drive guide shaft 36 are arranged in parallel, the measurement guide shaft 6 is located above the drive guide shaft 36, and the end of the measurement guide shaft 6 close to the leveling, centering and polar angle spindle mechanism B is connected to the side of one end of the L-shaped bracket 5 , the measuring head 2 is installed on the other end side of the L-shaped bracket 5 through the pin shaft 4, the driving guide shaft 36 is close to the connection between the leveling, centering and polar angle spindle mechanism B and the driving head bracket 3, and the driving head 1 is installed on the driving head The lower end surface of the bracket 3, the driving head 1 and the measuring head 2 are installed in parallel directly above the flat threaded coil workpiece 32 to be measured; the measuring head 2 is located outside the driving head 1, and the two ends of the measuring guide shaft 6 pass through the first flange respectively. The nut 7 and the second flanged nut 11 are installed on the side plates 23 on both sides of the rail installation box 38 .

本发明将测量头2和驱动头1分开,采用上下布置,测量头2在驱动头1的上方偏外侧,驱动头1在测量头2的下方,偏内侧。测量头2和驱动头1分别由L型支架5和驱动头支架3分别与测量导向轴6和驱动导向轴36连接,连接方式为在L型支架5和驱动头支架3中垂直于各自的导向轴方向开螺纹孔,并在平行各自的导向轴方向开一小槽,通过螺纹的紧固连接将测量头2和驱动头1连接。 In the present invention, the measuring head 2 and the driving head 1 are separated and arranged up and down. The measuring head 2 is above the driving head 1 on the outside, and the driving head 1 is below the measuring head 2 on the inside. The measuring head 2 and the driving head 1 are respectively connected with the measuring guide shaft 6 and the driving guide shaft 36 by the L-shaped bracket 5 and the driving head bracket 3. A threaded hole is opened in the direction of the axis, and a small slot is opened in the direction parallel to the respective guide axis, and the measuring head 2 and the driving head 1 are connected by a fastening connection of the thread.

如图4所示,与测量导向轴6平行对应的导轨安装箱体38的前面板10上开有用于对测量导向轴6视线观测的条形槽,测量导向轴6上方的前面板10上安装有光栅尺39,导轨安装箱体38内的测量导向轴6上套有动尺连接套8,动尺连接套8沿测量导向轴6滑动,动尺连接套8上固定安装有动尺连接片9,动尺连接片9上安装有与光栅尺39配合视线观测的动尺;测量导向轴6远离调平调心及极角主轴机构B一端与调整支架12的连接,调整支架12上安装有测量头调整体13和测量头弹簧连接片14,测量头调整体13位于测量头弹簧连接片14上方;驱动导向轴36远离调平调心及极角主轴机构B一端与尾部支架22的连接,尾部支架22顶面上安装有杠杆底板21,杠杆底板21上安装有微动气缸20和杠杆支架19,杠杆轴16通过杠杆销轴铰接在杠杆支架19侧面,微动气缸20的活塞杆与安装在杠杆支架19中的杠杆轴16底端连接,杠杆轴16顶端伸出杠杆支架19,驱动头弹簧连接片17与测量头弹簧连接片14之间连接有弹簧15。 As shown in Figure 4, on the front panel 10 of the guide rail installation box 38 parallel to the measurement guide shaft 6, there is a bar-shaped groove for observing the line of sight of the measurement guide shaft 6, and the front panel 10 above the measurement guide shaft 6 is installed. There is a grating ruler 39, the measuring guide shaft 6 in the guide rail installation box 38 is covered with a moving ruler connecting sleeve 8, the moving ruler connecting sleeve 8 slides along the measuring guide shaft 6, and the moving ruler connecting sleeve 8 is fixedly installed with a moving ruler connecting piece 9. A moving ruler that cooperates with the grating ruler 39 for line-of-sight observation is installed on the connecting piece 9 of the moving ruler; the measurement guide shaft 6 is far away from the connection between the end of the leveling, centering and polar angle spindle mechanism B and the adjustment bracket 12, and the adjustment bracket 12 is equipped with The measuring head adjustment body 13 and the measuring head spring connecting piece 14, the measuring head adjusting body 13 is located above the measuring head spring connecting piece 14; the driving guide shaft 36 is away from the connection between the leveling and centering and polar angle spindle mechanism B and the tail bracket 22, A lever base plate 21 is installed on the tail support 22 top surface, and a micro-movement cylinder 20 and a lever support 19 are installed on the lever base plate 21. The lever shaft 16 bottom in the lever bracket 19 is connected, and the top end of the lever shaft 16 stretches out from the lever bracket 19 , and a spring 15 is connected between the driving head spring connecting piece 17 and the measuring head spring connecting piece 14 .

动尺连接片9固定安装在测量头的测量导向轴6上,随测量头2一起移动。 The moving ruler connecting piece 9 is fixedly installed on the measuring guide shaft 6 of the measuring head, and moves together with the measuring head 2 .

测量时,所述的驱动头1紧贴平面螺纹盘丝工件32的侧面,测量头2插入平面螺纹盘丝工件32上的螺纹孔中,并与孔壁接触;杠杆轴16顶端与测量头调整体13配合接触,微动气缸20推动支架上的杠杆轴16进行测量。 During measurement, the drive head 1 is close to the side of the plane threaded coil workpiece 32, and the measuring head 2 is inserted into the threaded hole on the plane threaded coil workpiece 32, and is in contact with the hole wall; the top end of the lever shaft 16 is adjusted with the measuring head The body 13 is in contact with each other, and the micro-movement cylinder 20 pushes the lever shaft 16 on the bracket to measure.

如图4所示,L型支架5另一端面上安装有用于检测平面螺纹盘丝工件32旋转后沿垂直方向位移的激光位移传感器37。 As shown in FIG. 4 , the other end surface of the L-shaped support 5 is equipped with a laser displacement sensor 37 for detecting the vertical displacement of the flat threaded coil workpiece 32 after rotation.

如图6所示,调平调心及极角主轴机构B包括圆光栅尺角度盘27、调平调心台31、回转轴29、定尺33、刚性联轴器26、气动三联件35、气浮主轴30和伺服电机25,伺服电机25安装在工作台的机架24底部,伺服电机25通过刚性联轴器26与回转轴29一端连接,回转轴29另一端通过刚性联轴器26与气浮主轴30连接,气浮主轴30上端穿过工作台与调平调心台31连接,回转轴29上通过固定连接片28安装圆光栅尺角度盘27,固定连接片28通过螺钉固定在回转轴29上,圆光栅尺角度盘27侧面设有用于检测角度的定尺33,定尺33通过定尺安装杆安装在机架24上;机架24底面安装有气动三联件35,气动三联件35通过软管34气浮主轴30连接。 As shown in Figure 6, the leveling and centering and polar angle main shaft mechanism B includes a circular grating scale angle plate 27, a leveling and centering platform 31, a rotary shaft 29, a fixed length 33, a rigid coupling 26, a pneumatic triple unit 35, The air-floating main shaft 30 and the servo motor 25, the servo motor 25 is installed at the bottom of the frame 24 of the workbench, the servo motor 25 is connected with one end of the rotary shaft 29 through the rigid coupling 26, and the other end of the rotary shaft 29 is connected with the rotary shaft 29 through the rigid coupling 26. The air-floating main shaft 30 is connected, and the upper end of the air-floating main shaft 30 is connected to the leveling and centering table 31 through the workbench. On the rotating shaft 29, the side of the circular grating ruler angle disc 27 is provided with a fixed length 33 for detecting the angle, and the fixed length 33 is installed on the frame 24 through the fixed length installation rod; 35 is connected with the air bearing main shaft 30 by flexible pipe 34.

调平调心及极角主轴机构采用伺服电机驱动,计算机控制。计算机给出角度信号,标准极角主轴机构给出角度值标准量,伺服电机25驱动回转轴29转动,激光微位移传感器37检测工件转动后工件在垂直方向的距离值,根据每个角度测得的距离值,调整调平调心台31,实现平面螺纹盘丝工件32的调平。 The leveling, centering and polar angle spindle mechanism is driven by a servo motor and controlled by a computer. The computer gives the angle signal, the standard polar angle spindle mechanism gives the standard value of the angle, the servo motor 25 drives the rotary shaft 29 to rotate, and the laser micro-displacement sensor 37 detects the distance value of the workpiece in the vertical direction after the workpiece rotates, and measures it according to each angle Adjust the leveling and centering table 31 to achieve the leveling of the flat threaded coil workpiece 32.

测量头2接触平面螺纹盘丝工件32孔壁,驱动伺服电机25旋转,当圆光栅尺角度盘27的角度值满一周后,计算平面螺纹盘丝工件32的偏心量,水平方向调整调平调心台31,实现工件32的调心。 The measuring head 2 touches the hole wall of the plane threaded coil workpiece 32, drives the servo motor 25 to rotate, and when the angle value of the angle disc 27 of the circular grating scale reaches a full circle, calculates the eccentricity of the plane threaded coil workpiece 32, and adjusts the leveling adjustment in the horizontal direction. The heart platform 31 realizes the centering of the workpiece 32.

本发明各个机构的总体工作原理如图7所示。本装置由上位机及PLC控制系统控制,按一定的工作时序进行,平面螺纹盘丝工件32装夹定位后,先进行调平调心,后测量平面螺纹盘丝工件的螺旋线形状并记录数据。 The overall working principle of each mechanism of the present invention is shown in FIG. 7 . This device is controlled by the upper computer and PLC control system, and it works according to a certain sequence of work. After the flat threaded coil workpiece 32 is clamped and positioned, the leveling and centering are performed first, and then the helical shape of the plane threaded coil workpiece is measured and the data is recorded. .

本发明的跟踪式极径测量机构A如图2所示,包括两个测头,分别是驱动头1和测量头2,测量头2的测针通过一根销轴4固定在L型支架5上。L型支架5中间开槽,其上螺丝孔与测量导向轴6间隙配合由螺丝固定在测量导向轴6中,激光位移传感器37固定在支架5前端。驱动头1直接安装在开有螺纹孔的驱动头支架3中,驱动头支架3与在测量轴6下方的驱动导向轴36采用螺纹连接固定。 Tracking type polar diameter measuring mechanism A of the present invention is shown in Figure 2, comprises two measuring heads, is drive head 1 and measuring head 2 respectively, and the stylus of measuring head 2 is fixed on L-shaped support 5 by a pin shaft 4 superior. The L-shaped bracket 5 is slotted in the middle, and the upper screw hole and the measurement guide shaft 6 are fixed in the measurement guide shaft 6 by screws, and the laser displacement sensor 37 is fixed on the front end of the support 5 . The driving head 1 is directly installed in the driving head support 3 having a threaded hole, and the driving head support 3 and the driving guide shaft 36 below the measuring shaft 6 are fixed by threaded connection.

测量导向轴6和驱动导向轴36与第一带法兰螺帽7、第二带法兰螺11通过带预紧力滚动配合,两个带法兰螺帽由螺纹连接件安装在两侧的侧板23上。以两侧板为安装基准,在前面板15上安装光栅尺39,动尺安装在动尺连接片9上,连接片9通过动尺连接套8固定安装在测量导向轴6上随测量导向轴直线移动。 The measuring guide shaft 6 and the driving guide shaft 36 are rolled and fitted with the first flanged nut 7 and the second flanged nut 11 with pretightening force, and the two flanged nuts are installed on both sides by threaded connectors. On the side panel 23. With the two side panels as the installation reference, the grating ruler 39 is installed on the front panel 15, and the moving ruler is installed on the connecting piece 9 of the moving ruler. The connecting piece 9 is fixedly installed on the measuring guide shaft 6 through the connecting sleeve 8 of the moving ruler. Move in a straight line.

测量导向轴和驱动导向轴的尾部分别装有调整支架12和尾部支架22,根据该尾部支架把驱动头的测量力传递给测量导向轴从而带动光栅动尺直线移动,得到直线位移量。 The tails of the measuring guide shaft and the driving guide shaft are equipped with an adjustment bracket 12 and a tail bracket 22 respectively. According to the tail bracket, the measuring force of the driving head is transmitted to the measuring guide shaft so as to drive the grating moving ruler to move linearly to obtain the linear displacement.

调平调心及极角主轴机构B中,杠杆销轴18与杠杆轴16过渡配合连接,测量头弹簧连接片14和驱动头弹簧连接片17中间通过一圆柱形弹簧15相连接,杠杆轴18沿杠杆销轴16旋转可作小范围约10度左右的摆动,杠杆轴18摆动端上端可与测量头调整体接触受力,摆动端下端与微动气缸20连接。 In the leveling, centering and polar angle spindle mechanism B, the lever pin shaft 18 is connected with the lever shaft 16 through a transition fit, the measuring head spring connecting piece 14 and the driving head spring connecting piece 17 are connected through a cylindrical spring 15, and the lever shaft 18 Rotate along lever pin shaft 16 and can do the swing of about 10 degrees in a small range, the upper end of lever shaft 18 swing end can be contacted with measuring head adjusting body to bear force, and the lower end of swing end is connected with micro-motion cylinder 20.

整体机构A通过丝杠安装在立柱上,随测量高度的需要做垂直移动。 The overall mechanism A is installed on the column through the lead screw, and moves vertically according to the need of measuring the height.

调平调心及极角主轴机构B如图6所示。调平调心台31上定位平面螺纹盘丝工件,调平调心台31下面与气浮主轴30相连接,气浮主轴30的气孔通过软管34与气动三联件35连接,气动三联件与控制阀连接,通过气路主轴的旋转在控制程序下,逐步调整调平调心台31的位置。气浮主轴30下和伺服电机25上之间的标准极角主轴机构C由刚性联轴器相连,其中圆光栅尺的定尺33和伺服电机35固定在机架24上。圆光栅尺27则通过连接片28与标准极角的回转轴29连接。 The leveling, centering and polar angle spindle mechanism B is shown in Figure 6. Position the plane threaded coil workpiece on the leveling and centering table 31, and connect the air-floating main shaft 30 under the leveling and centering table 31. The control valve is connected, and the position of the leveling and centering table 31 is gradually adjusted through the rotation of the air main shaft under the control program. The standard pole-angle spindle mechanism C between the bottom of the air-floating spindle 30 and the top of the servo motor 25 is connected by a rigid coupling, wherein the scale 33 of the circular grating scale and the servo motor 35 are fixed on the frame 24 . The circular grating ruler 27 is connected to a rotary shaft 29 with a standard polar angle via a connecting piece 28 .

本发明的具体实施工作过程: Concrete implementation work process of the present invention:

本发明的调平调心及极角主轴机构B的回转运动生成标准极角,通过跟踪式极径测量机构A的测量头和驱动头之间的跟踪机构、光栅读数系统获取平面螺纹的极径,由标准极角与极径,计算与评价螺旋线的各项误差,同时调平调心及极角主轴机构B用于调整工件的水平度和与主轴转动中心的同轴度。 The rotary motion of the leveling, centering and polar angle spindle mechanism B of the present invention generates a standard polar angle, and the polar diameter of the plane thread is obtained through the tracking mechanism and the grating reading system between the measuring head and the driving head of the tracking polar diameter measuring mechanism A , from the standard polar angle and polar diameter, calculate and evaluate the errors of the helix, and at the same time level the self-aligning and polar angle spindle mechanism B to adjust the levelness of the workpiece and the coaxiality with the spindle rotation center.

在检测过程中首先对工件进行调平调心。调水平过程为工件32随电机25转过一定角度,圆光栅尺27纪录转动角度值,激光位移传感器37获取工件平面高度,依据平面差,调整调平调心工作台31,使工件32达到预定的水平度要求。 During the detection process, the workpiece is firstly leveled and centered. The leveling process is that the workpiece 32 rotates through a certain angle with the motor 25, the circular grating ruler 27 records the rotation angle value, the laser displacement sensor 37 obtains the plane height of the workpiece, and adjusts the leveling and centering worktable 31 according to the plane difference to make the workpiece 32 reach the predetermined level requirements.

调心过程为转动跟踪式极径测量机构A的上下移动的丝杠升降座,左右推动测量头2,使测量头2与工件32的内孔壁接触,伺服电机25等角度旋转,测量头2获取工件32的内孔壁的位置信息,圆光栅27旋转一周后,自动计算工件32的偏心量,依据测量结果指导调整调平调心台31,当工件姿态达到偏心要求后电机25停止转动。 The centering process is to rotate the screw lifting seat of the tracking type polar diameter measuring mechanism A, which moves up and down, and push the measuring head 2 left and right, so that the measuring head 2 contacts the inner hole wall of the workpiece 32, and the servo motor 25 rotates at an equal angle, and the measuring head 2 Obtain the position information of the inner hole wall of the workpiece 32, and after the circular grating 27 rotates one circle, automatically calculate the eccentricity of the workpiece 32, guide and adjust the leveling and centering table 31 according to the measurement results, and the motor 25 stops rotating when the workpiece posture meets the eccentricity requirement.

测量过程为推动驱动导向轴36使驱动头支架3上的驱动头1进入工件32的凹槽内并与外螺旋面接触,微动气缸20往外推动杠杆16作顺时针转动一小角度,杠杆轴16另一端推动测量头调整体13克服弹簧15拉力向右运动,使测量头2进入工件32的盘丝凹槽内与内螺旋面非接触,伺服电机25启动定角转动后,微动气缸20反向驱动,测量导向轴6带动测量头2在弹簧15的作用下向左运动与工件32的内螺旋面接触,获取圆光栅尺角度盘27转角值,同时获取动尺连接片9的带动光栅尺39的移动量,记录此测量工位的极径和极角,经过误差修正,计算该测量点的螺旋线偏差。直至完成螺旋线的全部测量。通过误差分离计算平面螺纹螺旋线误差。 The measurement process is to push the drive guide shaft 36 so that the drive head 1 on the drive head bracket 3 enters the groove of the workpiece 32 and contacts the outer helical surface. The micro-movement cylinder 20 pushes the lever 16 outward to rotate a small angle clockwise, and the lever shaft 16 The other end pushes the measuring head adjustment body 13 to overcome the tension of the spring 15 and move to the right, so that the measuring head 2 enters the coil groove of the workpiece 32 and is not in contact with the inner helical surface. After the servo motor 25 starts to rotate at a fixed angle, the micro-movement cylinder 20 In reverse drive, the measuring guide shaft 6 drives the measuring head 2 to move to the left under the action of the spring 15 and contacts the inner helical surface of the workpiece 32 to obtain the angle value of the angle disc 27 of the circular grating scale, and at the same time obtain the driving grating of the connecting piece 9 of the moving scale. Measure the movement amount of ruler 39, record the polar diameter and polar angle of the measuring station, and calculate the helix deviation of the measuring point after error correction. Until all measurements of the helix are completed. Calculation of planar thread helix error by error separation.

跟踪式极径测量机构的特征是上下布置的测量头和驱动头跟踪机构保证了驱动头始终与平面螺纹外螺旋面接触,测量头跟踪驱动头,只有在测量时才与工件接触,并带动光栅读数头进行测量。 The feature of the tracking type pole diameter measuring mechanism is that the measuring head and the driving head tracking mechanism arranged up and down ensure that the driving head is always in contact with the outer helical surface of the plane thread, and the measuring head tracks the driving head. The readhead performs the measurement.

调平调心及极角主轴机构B中的工件调平调心部分的特征是根据标准极角主轴部分给出角度值、激光传感器(激光微位移传感器)和光栅尺读数值获取工件垂直和水平方向的偏移量,引导调整调平调心台完成平面螺纹盘丝工件的调平和调心。 The feature of the workpiece leveling and centering part in the leveling and centering and polar angle spindle mechanism B is to obtain the vertical and horizontal values of the workpiece according to the angle value given by the standard polar angle spindle part, the laser sensor (laser micro-displacement sensor) and the reading value of the grating ruler. The offset in the direction guides and adjusts the leveling and centering table to complete the leveling and centering of the flat threaded coil workpiece.

调平调心及极角主轴机构B中的标准极角主轴部分的特征是由伺服电机通过刚性联轴器带动气浮主轴及安装其上的工件调平调心机构转动,圆光栅尺角度盘读出标准极角。 Leveling, centering and polar angle spindle mechanism B The characteristic of the standard polar angle spindle part is that the servo motor drives the air bearing spindle and the workpiece leveling and centering mechanism installed on it to rotate through a rigid coupling, and the circular grating scale angle disc Read off the standard polar angle.

上述具体实施方式用来解释说明本发明,而不是对本发明进行限制,在本发明的精神和权利要求的保护范围内,对本发明作出的任何修改和改变,都落入本发明的保护范围。 The above specific embodiments are used to explain the present invention, rather than to limit the present invention. Within the spirit of the present invention and the protection scope of the claims, any modification and change made to the present invention will fall into the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (5)

1. the mechanical hook-up of a flat thread automatic measurement system, it is characterized in that: comprise the tracking mode utmost point footpath measuring mechanism (A) for measurement plane screw thread parcel workpiece (32) utmost point footpath, for detection of corner and adjust leveling aligning and the polar angle mainshaft mechanism (B) of flat thread parcel workpiece (32), the guide rails assembling casing (38) of tracking mode utmost point footpath measuring mechanism (A) is arranged on worktable and along the leading screw of leading screw elevating bracket (C) and is moved up and down by leading screw elevating bracket (C), leveling aligning and polar angle mainshaft mechanism (B) are arranged on the worktable of tracking mode utmost point footpath measuring mechanism (A) side-lower.
2. the mechanical hook-up of a kind of flat thread automatic measurement system according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described tracking mode utmost point footpath measuring mechanism comprises guide rails assembling casing (38), measuring head (2), driving head (1), measures the axis of guide (6), drives the axis of guide (36), micro-cylinder (20), in guide rails assembling casing (38), be provided with the measurement axis of guide (6) being arranged in parallel and drive the axis of guide (36), measure the axis of guide (6) and be positioned at the top that drives the axis of guide (36), measuring the axis of guide (6) is connected with an end side surface of L-type support (5) near leveling aligning and polar angle mainshaft mechanism (B) one end, measuring head (2) is arranged on the other end side of L-type support (5) by bearing pin (4), the close leveling aligning of the driving axis of guide (36) and polar angle mainshaft mechanism (B) one end are connected with driving head support (3), driving head (1) is arranged on driving head support (3) lower surface, driving head (1) and measuring head (2) be installed in parallel in measured flat thread parcel workpiece (32) directly over,
With measure the front panel (10) of the axis of guide (6) parallel corresponding guide rails assembling casing (38) on have for to the bar-shaped trough of measuring the observation of the axis of guide (6) sight line, on the front panel (10) of the measurement axis of guide (6) top, grating scale (39) is installed, the upper cover of the measurement axis of guide (6) in guide rails assembling casing (38) has chi adapter sleeve (8), moving chi adapter sleeve (8) slides along measuring the axis of guide (6), on moving chi adapter sleeve (8), be installed with moving chi brace (9), on moving chi brace (9), the moving chi that coordinates sight line observation with grating scale (39) is installed, measure the axis of guide (6) being connected away from leveling aligning and polar angle mainshaft mechanism (B) one end and adjusting pole (12), measuring head is installed on adjusting pole (12) and adjusts body (13) and measuring head spring brace (14), measuring head is adjusted body (13) and is positioned at measuring head spring brace (14) top, drive the axis of guide (36) being connected away from leveling aligning and polar angle mainshaft mechanism (B) one end and bracket at tail part (22), on bracket at tail part (22) end face, lever base plate (21) is installed, micro-cylinder (20) and lever dolly (19) are installed on lever base plate (21), lever shaft (16) is hinged on lever dolly (19) side by lever bearing pin, the piston rod of micro-cylinder (20) is connected with lever shaft (16) bottom being arranged in lever dolly (19), lever dolly (19) is stretched out on lever shaft (16) top, between driving head spring brace (17) and measuring head spring brace (14), be connected with spring (15).
3. the mechanical hook-up of a kind of flat thread automatic measurement system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: when measurement, described driving head (1) is close to the side of flat thread parcel workpiece (32), measuring head (2) inserts in the threaded hole on flat thread parcel workpiece (32), and contacts with hole wall; Lever shaft (16) top is adjusted body (13) cooperation with measuring head and is contacted.
4. the mechanical hook-up of a kind of flat thread automatic measurement system according to claim 2, is characterized in that: on described L-type support (5) other end, be provided with for detection of the laser displacement sensor of displacement (37) vertically after flat thread parcel workpiece (32) rotation.
5. the mechanical hook-up of a kind of flat thread automatic measurement system according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: described leveling aligning and polar angle mainshaft mechanism (B) comprise round grating scale angle scale (27), leveling core-regulating platform (31), revolving shaft (29), scale (33), positive coupling (26), pneumatic triple piece (35), air-floating main shaft (30) and servomotor (25), servomotor (25) is arranged on frame (24) bottom of worktable, servomotor (25) is connected with revolving shaft (29) one end by positive coupling (26), revolving shaft (29) other end is connected with air-floating main shaft (30) by positive coupling (26), air-floating main shaft (30) upper end is connected with leveling core-regulating platform (31) through worktable, revolving shaft (29) is upper installs circle grating scale angle scale (27) by being fixedly connected with sheet (28), circle grating scale angle scale (27) side is provided with scale (33), scale (33) is arranged in frame (24) by scale mounting rod, frame (24) bottom surface is provided with pneumatic triple piece (35), pneumatic triple piece (35) connects by flexible pipe (34) air-floating main shaft (30).
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CN105091690A (en) * 2015-08-31 2015-11-25 哈尔滨福瑞达航空机械有限公司 Novel semi-automatic screw gauge integrated measuring instrument
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CN106052624A (en) * 2016-08-16 2016-10-26 苏州天准科技股份有限公司 High-precision measurement mechanism for detection of verticality and concentricity
CN107291050B (en) * 2017-06-09 2019-04-12 南京理工大学 A kind of straight line load TT&C system
CN107291050A (en) * 2017-06-09 2017-10-24 南京理工大学 A kind of straight line loads TT&C system
CN109556532A (en) * 2018-11-22 2019-04-02 中国科学院西安光学精密机械研究所 Automatic detection system and method for cam curve
CN110220453A (en) * 2019-05-23 2019-09-10 浙江众达机电设备有限公司 A kind of parcel helix detector
CN112369350A (en) * 2020-11-10 2021-02-19 南通大学 Biological fixation fine adjustment device and fine adjustment method for biological antenna perception research mechanism
CN112369350B (en) * 2020-11-10 2021-12-14 南通大学 Biological fixation fine adjustment device and fine adjustment method for biological antenna perception research mechanism
CN112539715A (en) * 2021-01-18 2021-03-23 格力电器(重庆)有限公司 Automatic concentricity detection device and method
CN113670161A (en) * 2021-09-29 2021-11-19 中国航发动力股份有限公司 A high-precision hole position measuring tool for aero-engine annular parts
CN115808197A (en) * 2023-02-06 2023-03-17 长春长光启衡传感技术有限公司 Grating inspection device
CN115808197B (en) * 2023-02-06 2024-03-08 长春长光启衡传感技术有限公司 Grating inspection device

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