CN103966303A - Method for determining total biomass in granular filler biological filter - Google Patents
Method for determining total biomass in granular filler biological filter Download PDFInfo
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- CN103966303A CN103966303A CN201410224756.4A CN201410224756A CN103966303A CN 103966303 A CN103966303 A CN 103966303A CN 201410224756 A CN201410224756 A CN 201410224756A CN 103966303 A CN103966303 A CN 103966303A
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- 239000002028 Biomass Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 46
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 41
- 239000000945 filler Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 40
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 10
- 230000000813 microbial effect Effects 0.000 claims description 13
- 230000000630 rising effect Effects 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000007423 decrease Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000013507 mapping Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000005070 sampling Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 238000009826 distribution Methods 0.000 abstract description 7
- 238000005192 partition Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 abstract description 2
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract 1
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 description 11
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 7
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 5
- VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicium dioxide Chemical compound O=[Si]=O VYPSYNLAJGMNEJ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000010865 sewage Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009897 systematic effect Effects 0.000 description 3
- 239000006004 Quartz sand Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010790 dilution Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000012895 dilution Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000002262 irrigation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000004033 plastic Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229920003023 plastic Polymers 0.000 description 2
- 239000000741 silica gel Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910002027 silica gel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 241000195493 Cryptophyta Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000233866 Fungi Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- 241000700605 Viruses Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000000654 additive Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000000996 additive effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 241001148470 aerobic bacillus Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000004103 aerobic respiration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000032683 aging Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004458 analytical method Methods 0.000 description 1
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008901 benefit Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000009395 breeding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000001488 breeding effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000001186 cumulative effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001952 enzyme assay Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000855 fermentation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001917 fluorescence detection Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011081 inoculation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000011835 investigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005259 measurement Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002503 metabolic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000013048 microbiological method Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005121 nitriding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035764 nutrition Effects 0.000 description 1
- 235000016709 nutrition Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012856 packing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000004091 panning Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000035699 permeability Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000002957 persistent organic pollutant Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000011020 pilot scale process Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 238000004879 turbidimetry Methods 0.000 description 1
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Landscapes
- Biological Treatment Of Waste Water (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a method for determining total biomass in a granular filler biological filter, belonging to the field of methods for determining biomass. The method comprises the following steps: stopping the operation of the biological filter, drying out, slowly feeding clear water from bottom to top by a water outlet tube, and stopping water charging and discharging until the filter and piezometric tubes are full of water; (2) changing the water feeding way into trickling filtration from top to bottom so that the filter is in an overflow state all the time; (3) after the liquid levels of all piezometer tubes drops to be stable, measuring the height of water head of the liquid level in each piezometer tube; (4) obtaining a line chart of the water heads of the piezometer tubes and the height of a filler, and setting an interval with consistent slope as a hydraulic partition; (5) obtaining biomass Mi in each hydraulic partition, and carrying out summation to obtain the total biomass in the filter of the filter. The determination of the water heads in the method disclosed by the invention can visually reflect the longitudinal distribution of microbes inside the filter. The method minimizes the system error caused by sampling, and meanwhile reduces the workload. The piezometric tubes used by the method disclosed by the invention are simple in structure, convenient to use, and safe in sampling way.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of definite method of total biomass, definite method of a kind of granular filler biological filter microbial film total biomass, by the waterpower subregion of biomass Gradient distribution in different heights piezometric head Analysis deterrmination filter tank, filter tank, by colony counting method, calculate respectively biomass in each waterpower subregion again, the cumulative rear biological filter total biomass of determining.
Background technology
Biological filter is to take soil self-purification principle as foundation, on the practical basis of sewage irrigation, and the artificial-strengthening biologic treating technique progressively growing up, existing over one hundred year application development history.Sewage is sprayed on the surface of block filter material layer to drip shape for a long time, forms a kind of material of microorganism highly dense, i.e. microbial film on the surface of effluent stream warp.The ecosystem that microbial film is comprised of various virus, bacterium, fungi, algae, protozoon and metazoan, wherein bacterium is biomembranous chief component.In microbial film, bacterium be take chmosynthetic heterotrophs as main, comprises aerobic bacteria, facultative anaerobe and anerobe.Therefore in microbial film, can carry out aerobic respiration and anaerobic fermentation, the metabolic type of microorganism is more diversified compared with active sludge.The organic pollutant thing that microorganism panning on microbial film is flowed through in sewage is as nutrition, thereby sewage is purified, and microorganism self also obtains procreation propagation.Continuous increase along with microbial biomass, microbial film progressive additive, dissolved oxygen in water body can not be diffused into biomembranous internal layer, amphimicrobian and anerobe start growth and breeding, the ability that makes microbial film be attached to carrier surface declines, add the activity of hydraulic shear and other biological, aging biofilm detachment and renewal simultaneously.Like this, inner in biological filter, microorganism has formed the running balance that increases and become feeble and die.
While evaluating biological filter biofilm microorganisms upgrowth situation, biomass is an important index, and its measuring method can be divided into two classes: direct method and indirect method.Direct method directly counts the bacterium number in sample by methods such as dilution, cultivations, comprises microscope count method, dilution plate colony counting method, turbidimetry etc.Indirect method mainly comprises mensuration and the ATP fluorescence detection of weighting method, nitriding, DNA content.
The domestic and international assessment for total biomass in biological filter at present, conventionally the method that adopts even block sampling or average, because the distribution of microorganism on filler unit is longitudinal is continuous and uneven, the method can reduce miscalculation by increasing the mode of sampling spot, but sampling spot is more, also larger on the impact of filling-material structure in filter tank, and then break original growth equilibrium state in filter tank, affect the duration of biological filtering tank process research.Therefore in filter tank in total biomass measuring and calculating process, how reducing as far as possible systematic error is a problem can not be ignored.
In the operational process of biological filter, conventionally adopt Darcy's law to measure permeability coefficient, using it as the index (Butterfield that weighs biological filter chocking-up degree, P.W., et al.Modified enzyme activity assay todetermine biofilm biomass.Journal of microbiological methods, 2002,50 (1): 23-31.).In measuring computation process, head loss is as an intermediate value, the height that has shown intuitively chocking-up degree, also studied person is used for weighing the degree (Karrabi stopping up, M., et al.Investigation of hydrodynamic/biomass growthcoupling in a pilot scale granular bioreactor at low pore Reynolds number.Chemical EngineeringScience, 2011,66 (8): 1765-1782.).Before the present patent application, there is not document openly to adopt head loss to determine the method for total biomass in biological filter, to those skilled in the art, the just estimation approx of method that adopts even block sampling or average, can not draw the total amount of microorganism in filter tank exactly.
Summary of the invention
1, the order of invention: for definite present situation that is difficult to of total biomass in existing biological filter, the invention provides definite method of total biomass in a kind of granular filler biological filter, solve the problem that increases sampling spot number and then affect filter tank filling-material structure for reducing systematic error in existing measuring method.
2, summary of the invention
Principle of the present invention: because the obstruction of biological filter is mainly caused by the long institute of having a net increase of of microorganism, head loss can under the prerequisite that does not affect filling-material structure, reflect biological filter intuitively in the distribution situation of microbial biomass, thereby the section partition of calculating for biometric measurement provides useful reference.By bacteria filter device different heights piezometric head, analyze, show that biological filter longitudinally goes up the waterpower subregion of biomass Gradient distribution, again according to a small amount of packing samples collection in the definite biomass measuring and calculating section of waterpower subregion, utilize colony counting method to measure the total plate count of living microorganism, be converted to the biomass of each waterpower subregion, tire out and draw total biomass in whole biological filter.
Definite method of a kind of granular filler biological filter total biomass:
1) stop gear operation, after falling to doing, clear water is intake from bottom to top by rising pipe at a slow speed, and flow velocity should not affect microbial profile in filler.To being full of filter tank and piezometric tube, close rising pipe valve, stop into water.
2) water intake mode is changed into and drips filter from top to bottom, by controlling Water discharge flow speed, make filter tank always in overflow situation, overflowing liquid is discharged by upflow tube.
3), after each piezometric surface decline is stable, measure the head height of liquid level in each piezometric tube.
4) take piezometric head as ordinate zou, packed height are X-coordinate mapping, obtain the broken line graph of piezometric head and packed height, the consistent interval of slope is made as to a waterpower subregion.
5) obtain the biomass M of each waterpower subregion
i, summation, draws the total biomass in the filler of filter tank:
Wherein top, filter tank is provided with water inlet pipe and upflow tube, and bottom is provided with rising pipe.In filter tank, longitudinally evenly dispose several piezometric tube, to survey the head of different heights, to represent the head in region between adjacent piezometric tube.
3, beneficial effect: the inventive method is compared with the measuring method of the biological total amount in existing biological filter, and its advantage is:
1) mensuration of head can intuitively reflect microorganism in filter tank inner distribution situation on longitudinally.
2) utilize waterpower subregion to determine sampling spot, on the basis of improving sampling spot accuracy, reduced sampling spot number, reduced as far as possible the systematic error that causes due to sampling, saved workload simultaneously.
3) piezometric tube simple structure, easy to use, sampling mode safety.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is piezometric tube mounting structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is the broken line graph of packed height place piezometric head in embodiment 1;
Fig. 3 is the broken line graph of packed height place piezometric head in embodiment 2.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the invention will be further described:
Embodiment 1:
Equipment is constructed: refer to Fig. 1, humic filler in illustrated embodiment (this humic fill source is in Nanjing Jiaozishan refuse landfill) bio-trickling filter is right cylinder, and the PVC material that is 3mm with thickness is welded, height overall 700mm, diameter 50mm.Water inlet pipe 9, rising pipe 15, upflow tube 10 all adopt the plastics tubing of DN10.The humic filler 11 of middle part filling particle diameter 0.15mm-0.2mm, this granular filler is applicable to adopting method described in this patent.Bottom rubble support water-yielding stratum 14 high 50mm.Filter tank sidewall is pressed the perforate successively of 70mm spacing from high to low, and piezometric tube 1-8 is installed from top to bottom, adopts the silica gel hose of DN10, is fixed on sidewall of reactor.Water outlet is disposed to effluent trough 16 through water outlet 15.Between the reaction period, hydraulic load is 1m/d.
After question response carries out for some time, suspend water inlet, measure biomembranous waterpower subregion.Concrete grammar is:
1) adopt water pump 13 that clear water is slowly intake by rising pipe from bottom to top, until be full of filter tank and piezometric tube 1-8, close water shoot valve, stop into water.
2) water intake mode is changed into and drips filter from top to bottom, by controlling Water discharge flow speed, make filter tank always in overflow situation, overflowing liquid is discharged by upflow tube 10.
3), after each piezometric surface decline is stable, measure the head height of liquid level in each piezometric tube.
4) take piezometric head makes Fig. 2 as ordinate zou, packed height as X-coordinate, obtain the broken line graph of different packed heights place piezometric head, the consistent position of slope is divided into a waterpower subregion, obtain altogether three waterpower subregions, be to be respectively a subregion between filler degree of depth 0-0.21m, 0.21-0.28m, 0.28-0.49m, determine that sampling spot is piezometric tube 2,4,7.
5) biological concentration that records respectively piezometric tube 2 places is 1.4 * 10
7the biological concentration 7.2 * 10 at individual/g filler dry mass, piezometric tube 4 places
6individual/g filler dry mass, the biomass concentration at piezometric tube 7 places is 3.1 * 10
5individual/g.
6) calculating biomass in the waterpower subregion between piezometric tube 1-4 is:
1.4 * 10
7individual/g * 110g * 3=4.6 * 10
9individual
In waterpower subregion between piezometric tube 4-5, biomass is:
7.2 * 10
6individual/g * 110g * 1=7.9 * 10
8individual
In waterpower subregion between piezometric tube 5-8, biomass is:
3.1 * 10
5individual/g * 110g * 3=1.0 * 10
7individual
7) summation, show that the total biomass in the filler of filter tank is 5.4 * 10
9individual.
Embodiment 2:
Equipment is constructed: refer to Fig. 1, in illustrated embodiment, quartz sand filler bio-trickling filter is right cylinder, and the PVC material that is 3mm with thickness is welded, height overall 700mm, diameter 50mm.Water inlet pipe 9, rising pipe 15, upflow tube 10 all adopt the plastics tubing of DN10.The quartz sand filler 11 of middle part filling particle diameter 0.15mm-0.2mm, this granular filler is applicable to adopting method described in this patent.Bottom rubble support water-yielding stratum 14 high 50mm.Filter tank sidewall is pressed the perforate successively of 70mm spacing from high to low, and piezometric tube 1-8 is installed, and adopts the silica gel hose of DN10, is fixed on sidewall of reactor.Water outlet is disposed to effluent trough 16 through water outlet 15.Filter tank adopts to basin irrigation/fall to do than dripping of 1:4 and filters and realize water distribution, and hydraulic load is 1m/d.
After treating that microbial film inoculation is complete, suspend water inlet, measure biomembranous waterpower subregion.Concrete grammar is:
1) adopt water pump 13 that clear water is slowly intake by rising pipe from bottom to top, until be full of filter tank and piezometric tube 1-8, close water shoot valve, stop into water.
2) water intake mode is changed into and drips filter from top to bottom, by controlling Water discharge flow speed, make filter tank always in overflow situation, overflowing liquid is discharged by upflow tube 10.
3), after each piezometric surface decline is stable, measure the head height of liquid level in each piezometric tube.
4) take head makes Fig. 3 as ordinate zou, packed height as X-coordinate, obtain the broken line graph between head and packed height, the consistent region of slope is divided into a waterpower subregion, obtain altogether three waterpower subregions, be between packed height 0-0.14m, 0.14-0.21m, 0.21-0.49m, to be respectively a subregion, determine that sampling spot is piezometric tube 1,3,6.
6) biomass that records respectively piezometric tube 1 place is 2.2 * 10
6individual/g filler, the biomass at piezometric tube 3 places is 1.2 * 10
6individual/g filler, the biomass at piezometric tube 6 places is 2.5 * 10
5individual/g filler.
7) calculating biomass in the waterpower subregion between piezometric tube 1-3 is:
2.2 * 10
6individual/g * 172g * 2=7.6 * 10
8individual
In waterpower subregion between piezometric tube 3-4, biomass is:
1.2 * 10
6individual/g * 110g=1.3 * 10
8individual
In waterpower subregion between piezometric tube 4-8, biomass is:
2.5 * 10
5individual/g * 110g * 4=1.1 * 10
8individual
8) summation, show that the total biomass in the filler of filter tank is 1.0 * 10
9individual.
Claims (4)
1. a definite method for granular filler biological filter total biomass, the steps include:
1) stop biological filter operation, after falling to doing, clear water is intake from bottom to top by rising pipe at a slow speed, and flow velocity should not affect microbial profile in filler, to being full of filter tank and piezometric tube, closes rising pipe valve, stops into water;
2) water intake mode is changed into and drips filter from top to bottom, by controlling Water discharge flow speed, make filter tank always in overflow situation, overflowing liquid is discharged by upflow tube;
3), after each piezometric surface decline is stable, measure the head height of liquid level in each piezometric tube;
4) take piezometric head as ordinate zou, packed height are X-coordinate mapping, obtain the broken line graph of piezometric head and packed height, the consistent interval of slope is made as to a waterpower subregion;
5) obtain the biomass M of each waterpower subregion
i, summation, draws the total biomass in the filler of filter tank:
2. definite method of a kind of granular filler according to claim 1 biological filter total biomass, is characterized in that in biological filter longitudinally evenly disposing several piezometric tube, to survey the head of different heights, to represent the head in region between adjacent piezometric tube.
3. definite method of a kind of granular filler according to claim 1 biological filter total biomass, is characterized in that being provided with water inlet pipe and upflow tube on top, biological filter, and bottom is provided with rising pipe.
4. according to definite method of a kind of granular filler biological filter total biomass described in claim 2 or 3, it is characterized in that in biological filter longitudinally evenly disposing 8 piezometric tube.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN107102107A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-08-29 | 贾凤兰 | A kind of microorganism high-pass detection method of middle-size and small-size water body |
Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2741970Y (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2005-11-23 | 陈建本 | Improved biological fluidized filler |
| CN103553211A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-02-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-efficiency anti-blocking synchronous nitration and denitrification hierarchy biological aerated filter |
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2014
- 2014-05-26 CN CN201410224756.4A patent/CN103966303A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2741970Y (en) * | 2004-11-05 | 2005-11-23 | 陈建本 | Improved biological fluidized filler |
| CN103553211A (en) * | 2013-10-24 | 2014-02-05 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | High-efficiency anti-blocking synchronous nitration and denitrification hierarchy biological aerated filter |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| 高雅: ""颗粒填料生物滴滤池I段渗滤数学模型初探"", 《南京大学》, 1 May 2014 (2014-05-01) * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN107102107A (en) * | 2017-04-24 | 2017-08-29 | 贾凤兰 | A kind of microorganism high-pass detection method of middle-size and small-size water body |
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Application publication date: 20140806 |