CN103962754A - Three-element mixed protective gas for aluminum alloy MIG (Metal-Inert Gas Welding) welding and welding method - Google Patents
Three-element mixed protective gas for aluminum alloy MIG (Metal-Inert Gas Welding) welding and welding method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103962754A CN103962754A CN201310033048.8A CN201310033048A CN103962754A CN 103962754 A CN103962754 A CN 103962754A CN 201310033048 A CN201310033048 A CN 201310033048A CN 103962754 A CN103962754 A CN 103962754A
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K35/00—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting
- B23K35/22—Rods, electrodes, materials, or media, for use in soldering, welding, or cutting characterised by the composition or nature of the material
- B23K35/38—Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area
- B23K35/383—Selection of media, e.g. special atmospheres for surrounding the working area mainly containing noble gases or nitrogen
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
- B23K9/16—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas
- B23K9/173—Arc welding or cutting making use of shielding gas and of a consumable electrode
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
- B23K2103/00—Materials to be soldered, welded or cut
- B23K2103/08—Non-ferrous metals or alloys
- B23K2103/10—Aluminium or alloys thereof
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Abstract
The invention relates to a three-element mixed protective gas for aluminum alloy MIG welding and a welding method. The three-element mixed protective gas comprises helium, argon and a small amount of nitrogen, wherein based on the volume percentage, the helium accounts for 20-40%, the argon accounts for 59.974-79.995%, and the argon accounts for 0.005-0.026%. The welding method comprises the following steps: adopting a meltable welding wire as an electrode, taking an electric arc between the continuously feed-in welding wire and a welded workpiece as a heat source to melt the welding wire and a base metal, as the welding wire is continuously molten, using a molten drop manner to transit the welding wire to a welding pool, fusing the welding wire with the molten base metal, forming weld metal after condensing, and continuously delivering the three-element mixed protective gas through a welding gun nozzle to the welding area, so as to prevent the electric arc, the molten pool and the adjacent base metal from harmful action of the ambient air. The three-element mixed protective gas and the welding method can improve anti-fracture performance and fatigue performance of the welding structure, obtain larger welding penetration under the same welding heat input, and reduce the welding heat input.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to MIG welding field, particularly relate to a kind of ternary hybrid protection gas and welding method of aluminum alloy MIG welding.
Background technology
Aluminium alloy has higher specific strength, fracture toughness, fatigue strength and corrosion-resistant stability, therefore becomes widely used non-ferrous metal structural material in the industry such as bullet train, Aero-Space.The various Large Launch Vehicle wide selection aluminium alloys of China's development are as primary structure material, and supersonic plane and automobile structure and Vehicle De Combat Leger plate armour etc. also all adopts high strength alumin ium alloy as structural material.
Since 2006, China has carried out great amount of investment aspect high speed railway construction, high-speed railway mileage open to traffic rapid growth, and position is at the forefront in the world, for more convenient people's trip provides.Welded is the critical support technology that high-speed train body is manufactured, and the high-speed train body of manufacturing in the world substantially all adopts aluminium alloy structure, and the each developed country of our times all competitively researches and develops and produces its welding procedure.
The bullet train of current China has also adopted the Welding Structure of Aluminum Hollow alloy extrudate, but the research of the manufacture processing of the type aluminium alloy extrusions and use thereof is in urgent need of strengthening.At present the unstable properties of home made materials, especially postwelding Mechanical Properties of Aluminum Alloys decline greatlyr, and this is one of our power of seeking at present aluminium alloy high-quality welding method.
Complicated operating environment, the dynamic loading damage of constantly accumulation have proposed the requirement of change to the quality of the welded joints in aluminium alloys such as large aircraft, high ferro, space station.
Cut deal and the advanced welding method of large thick aluminum alloy plate have friction rabbling welding, laser Combined Welding, but these processes are all more expensive, and production cost is higher.
The welding method of carrying out for aluminium alloy and technical study, cause people's attention day by day.Because specific heat capacity and the thermal conductivity factor of aluminium alloy are all very large, welding deformation is large, what conventionally adopt is all the welding method of concentration of energy, as argon tungsten-arc welding (tungsten inert gas, be called for short: TIG weldering), plasma arc welding (PAW), Laser Welding, electron beam welding and welding (metal inert-gas welding, be called for short: MIG weldering) etc., MIG weldering welding aluminum alloy is compared with TIG weldering, adopt continuous wire feed, ensure that current density is larger, welding wire melting rate is very fast, do not need frequent shutdown, thereby improve welding production efficiency, in producing, Welded obtains compared with extensive use, especially the welding of cut deal adopts MIG weldering mostly.
But welded break resistance, fatigue behaviour are poor, welding process is unstable stable, and electric arc scope is large, has slag to splash in welding.
Given this present invention is proposed.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is for overcoming the deficiencies in the prior art; improve welded break resistance, fatigue behaviour; under the input of same weld heat, obtain larger welding penetration; reduce sweating heat input; obtain the quality of good welded joints in aluminium alloy, proposed a kind of ternary hybrid protection gas and welding method of aluminum alloy MIG welding.
In order to realize this object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
A ternary hybrid protection gas for aluminum alloy MIG welding, described ternary hybrid protection gas comprises helium, argon gas and a small amount of nitrogen.
By volume percentage allocation of the composition of described helium, argon gas and nitrogen, is respectively helium: 20%～40%, and argon gas: 59.974%～79.995%, nitrogen: 0.005%～0.026%.
By volume percentage allocation of the composition of described helium, argon gas and nitrogen, is respectively helium: 25%～35%, and argon gas: 64.974%～74.995%, nitrogen: 0.005%～0.026%.
By volume percentage allocation of the composition of described helium, argon gas and nitrogen, is respectively helium: 20%, and argon gas: 79.995%, nitrogen: 0.005%.
By volume percentage allocation of the composition of described helium, argon gas and nitrogen, is respectively helium: 30%, and argon gas: 69.974%, nitrogen: 0.026%.
By volume percentage allocation of the composition of described helium, argon gas and nitrogen, is respectively helium: 25%, and argon gas: 74.985%, nitrogen: 0.015%.
A kind of welding method of ternary hybrid protection gas of aluminum alloy MIG welding of applying the above; in welding process; adopt fusible welding wire as electrode; come filler wire and base metals using the electric arc burning between the welding wire sent to continuously and welded piece as thermal source; the continuous fusing of welding wire should be transitioned in weldpool with molten drop form; with after the base metals fusion of fusing, condensation, form weld metal; ternary hybrid protection gas is transported to weld zone continuously by torch neck, makes electric arc, molten bath and near base metals thereof avoid the illeffects of surrounding air.
Described welding gun is controlled by artificial, semiautomatic plant or robot arm.
Described ternary hybrid protection gas is by central gas supply mode and/or disperse plenum system to supply with.
Adopt after technical solutions according to the invention, bring following beneficial effect:
The relative straight argon gas shield welding arc of three-element mixed gas body protection welding shrinks, and arc heat current density improves, and welding heat affected zone reduces, and has improved welding efficiency; Under welding conditions condition of the same race, three-element mixed gas body can reduce the critical penetration electric current of built-up welding penetration critical current and dull and stereotyped docking, makes the fusion penetration of weld seam increase approximately 20%, and fusion penetration increases obviously, can effectively reduce sweating heat input, improves welding quality; Three-element mixed gas body protection welding line center crystal grain is tending towards reducing, and the toughness of welding point has considerable raising.Fatigue test results shows that three-element mixed gas body fatigue limit can improve 20MPa; Three-element mixed gas body protection manual welding electric arc easily manipulates, and welder's operation feeling is good; Gentle in voice, straight argon gas shielded arc welding pulse sound shrillness, a ripple one ripple shrillness, the sense of hearing is uncomfortable, and mist is gentle in voice, and pulse sound is not sharp-pointed, and the sense of hearing is comfortable; Shaping surface, three-element mixed gas body protection welding line external waviness interval even compact, surface gloss is high, and ripple radian is soft not sharp-pointed, and ripple radian is rounder and more smooth, and face of weld feel is more smooth; Conditions at the arc, electric arc easily manipulates, and electric arc is not elegant easy to control, and feel is comfortable, and arc constriction is pricked inward, splashes few, and flue dust is few, and arc light is little to eye irritation, and molten bath profile is more clear; The analysis of the electric arc signal of telecommunication shows that three-element mixed gas body protection welding process is more stable
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1: the conditions at the arc figure in the present invention when straight argon gas shield
Fig. 2: conditions at the arc figure when three-element mixed gas body is protected in the present invention
Fig. 3: the weld shape schematic diagram in the present invention when straight argon gas shield
Fig. 4: weld shape schematic diagram when three-element mixed gas body is protected in the present invention
Fig. 5: straight argon gas shield welding line center grainiess figure in the present invention
Fig. 6: three-element mixed gas body protection welding line center grainiess figure in the present invention
Fig. 7: straight argon gas shield welding point stretching fracture top scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph in the present invention
Fig. 8: straight argon gas shield welding point stretching fracture middle part scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph in the present invention
Fig. 9: straight argon gas shield welding point stretching fracture lower scan Electronic Speculum figure in the present invention
Figure 10: three-element mixed gas body protection welding point stretching fracture top scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph in the present invention
Figure 11: three-element mixed gas body protection welding point stretching fracture middle part scanning electron microscope (SEM) photograph in the present invention
Figure 12: three-element mixed gas body protection welding point stretching fracture lower scan Electronic Speculum figure in the present invention
Figure 13: straight argon gas shielded arc welding banjo fixing butt jointing hardness number in the present invention
Figure 14: three-element mixed gas body protection weldering banjo fixing butt jointing hardness number in the present invention
Figure 15: the U-I figure that in the present invention, in straight argon gas shielded arc welding, electric arc electrical signal collection analytical system gathers
Figure 16: the U-I figure that in the present invention, in three-element mixed gas body protection weldering, electric arc electrical signal collection analytical system gathers
Figure 17: the width of welding arc contrast in the present invention
Detailed description of the invention
A kind of ternary hybrid protection gas of aluminum alloy MIG welding; described ternary hybrid protection gas comprises helium, argon gas and a small amount of nitrogen; by volume percentage allocation of the composition of described helium, argon gas and nitrogen; be respectively helium: 20%～40%; argon gas: 59.974%～79.995%, nitrogen: 0.005%～0.026%.
The by volume percentage allocation of composition of preferred described helium, argon gas and nitrogen, is respectively helium: 25%～35%, and argon gas: 64.974%～74.995%, nitrogen: 0.005%～0.026%.
The further by volume percentage allocation of composition of preferred described helium, argon gas and nitrogen, is respectively helium: 20%, and argon gas: 79.995%, nitrogen: 0.005%.
The further by volume percentage allocation of composition of preferred described helium, argon gas and nitrogen, is respectively helium: 30%, and argon gas: 69.974%, nitrogen: 0.026%.
The further by volume percentage allocation of composition of preferred described helium, argon gas and nitrogen, is respectively helium: 25%, and argon gas: 74.985%, nitrogen: 0.015%.
A kind of welding method of ternary hybrid protection gas of aluminum alloy MIG welding of applying the above, in welding process, adopt fusible welding wire as electrode, come filler wire and base metals using the electric arc burning between the welding wire sent to continuously and welded piece as thermal source, the continuous fusing of welding wire should be transitioned in weldpool with molten drop form, base metals fusion with fusing, after condensation, form weld metal, ternary hybrid protection gas is transported to weld zone continuously by torch neck, make electric arc, molten bath and near base metals thereof are avoided the illeffects of surrounding air, described welding gun is by manually, semiautomatic plant or robot arm are controlled, described ternary hybrid protection gas is by central gas supply mode and/or disperse plenum system to supply with.
Argon gas can prevent weldment oxidation by air; The thermal conductivity of helium is higher, and helium ionization voltage is higher than argon gas, under higher arc voltage and higher thermal conductivity, can cause electric arc to shrink to a certain extent, under same case, tearing helium atom needs higher energy, in other words, adds helium arc can bear more high-energy; Acting as of a small amount of nitrogen: cooling contraction electric arc, point heat of desorption.
Adopt respectively pure argon and ternary hybrid protection gas as the protective gas in MIG welding, workpiece to be welded:
As shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2; conditions at the arc while protecting with straight argon gas shield by comparing three-element mixed gas body; can obviously see and use ternary hybrid protection gas welding arc to occur contraction; around visual field is brighter for straight argon gas shielded arc welding electric arc, has characterized not concentrating of straight argon electric arc heat.
As shown in figure 17, be the width contrast statistics of welding arc, under multiple parameters, intercept respectively electric arc picture electric arc width is measured and statistical analysis, the width of electric arc when the result obtaining docking plate welding.Can find out that helium argon nitrogen ternary protective gas all can significantly dwindle electric arc width, contractive effect is obvious.
As shown in Figure 3, Figure 4, when ternary hybrid protection gas is as protective gas built-up welding, can increase fusion penetration 20% left and right.
As shown in Figure 5, Figure 6, at metallography microscope Microscopic observation weld seam center crystal grain, use after ternary hybrid protection gas; electric arc is concentrated, and plasma jet power increases, and the effect of electric arc agitation molten pool is strengthened; bath temperature distributes and reaches unanimity, and region superheating phenomenon reduces, and crystallite dimension reduces thereupon.When dull and stereotyped docking, the deep penetration effect of electric arc is stronger, and therefore, ternary hybrid protection gas shielded arc welding welding point crystallite dimension has had obviously and reduces, instead of simple inhibiting grain growth when built-up welding.Metal grain is thinner, and the number of grain boundaries of unit volume is just more, and crystal boundary is larger to the drag of plastic deformation, and grain deformation is also more even simultaneously, causes intensity, hardness higher, and plasticity, toughness are better, and refined crystalline strengthening effect is more obvious.
As shown in Fig. 7, Fig. 8, Fig. 9, while adopting straight argon Shielding gas, on middle part and the top of fracture, can find out obvious dimple, fracture mode is that typical micropore is assembled fracture, is ductile fracture; In the bottom of fracture, dimple feature is not obvious, presents certain river pattern, is quasi-cleavage crack, belongs to brittle fracture.
As shown in Figure 10, Figure 11, Figure 12, while adopting the welding of ternary hybrid protection gas, from top to bottom, fracture all presents obvious ductile fracture, and quasi-cleavage crack feature does not exist, adopts after ternary hybrid protection gas, and fracture entirety is ductile fracture.
As shown in Figure 13, Figure 14, in welding heat affected zone, monobasic straight argon gas shielded arc welding hardness number is in 69HV left and right, and when ternary gas protection, the hardness number of welding heat affected zone is greatly about 75HV left and right, and emollescence obviously weakens.When three-element mixed gas body protection weldering, weld hardness value increases, and reached 80HV left and right, and hardness number fluctuation in fusion zone is less, and weld hardness is stable.
As shown in Figure 15, Figure 16, the U-I that electric arc electrical signal collection analytical system gathers schemes, and is used for characterizing the stability of droplet transfer.Electric arc electrical signal collection analytical system is obtained to current and voltage signals and draw U-I figure, the lines intensity of U-I figure is characterizing the degree of stability of droplet transfer.On current-voltage coordinate plane; when welding current is 150A, electric arc electrical signal collection analytical system collects the transient current of 500ms of welding stabilization sub stage and magnitude of voltage and draws and obtain U-I figure; can find out; when using after ternary gas protection; the lines of substantial deviation parallelogram frame reduce, and illustrate that the rear droplet transfer process of ternary gas protection is highly stable.
Welded Joints carries out impact test: after reverse impact test; straight argon protection weldering test specimen all ruptures in gap portions; and three-element mixed gas body protection test specimen does not still rupture after reverse impact, only there is bending in sample, and the welding point toughness that three-element mixed gas welding obtains is high.Result of the test is as follows:
The fatigue test that Welded Joints test specimen carries out, can see that three-element mixed gas body protection weldering welding point improves obviously fatigue life.Result is as follows:
Embodiment mono-:
The by volume percentage allocation of composition of helium, argon gas and nitrogen in the ternary hybrid protection gas of aluminum alloy MIG welding, is respectively helium: 20%, and argon gas: 79.995%, nitrogen: 0.005%.
Adopt above-mentioned ternary hybrid protection gas; utilize fusible welding wire as electrode; come filler wire and base metals using the electric arc burning between the welding wire sent to continuously and welded piece as thermal source; the continuous fusing of welding wire should be transitioned in weldpool with molten drop form; with after the base metals fusion of fusing, condensation, form weld metal; ternary hybrid protection gas is transported to weld zone continuously by torch neck, makes electric arc, molten bath and near base metals thereof avoid the illeffects of surrounding air.
There is obvious contraction in welding arc, electric arc reduced width, in arc heat quantity set, makes weld penetration increase by 20% more than, and the shape of the weld seam of formation approaches the shape of Fig. 4; Electric arc is concentrated, and plasma jet power increases, and the effect of electric arc agitation molten pool is strengthened, bath temperature distributes and reaches unanimity, region superheating phenomenon reduces, and crystallite dimension reduces thereupon, and metal grain is thinner, the number of grain boundaries of unit volume is just more, crystal boundary is larger to the drag of plastic deformation, and simultaneously grain deformation is also more even, causes intensity, hardness higher, plasticity, toughness are better, and refined crystalline strengthening effect is more obvious; Fracture all presents obvious ductile fracture from top to bottom, does not have quasi-cleavage crack feature, and fracture entirety is ductile fracture; In addition, the welding point toughness of acquisition is high, and droplet transfer process is highly stable; Greatly improve fatigue life.
Embodiment bis-:
The by volume percentage allocation of composition of helium, argon gas and nitrogen in the ternary hybrid protection gas of aluminum alloy MIG welding, is respectively helium: 40%, and argon gas: 59.974%, nitrogen: 0.026%.
Adopt above-mentioned ternary hybrid protection gas; utilize fusible welding wire as electrode; come filler wire and base metals using the electric arc burning between the welding wire sent to continuously and welded piece as thermal source; the continuous fusing of welding wire should be transitioned in weldpool with molten drop form; with after the base metals fusion of fusing, condensation, form weld metal; ternary hybrid protection gas is transported to weld zone continuously by torch neck, makes electric arc, molten bath and near base metals thereof avoid the illeffects of surrounding air.
There is obvious contraction in welding arc, electric arc reduced width, in arc heat quantity set, makes weld penetration increase by 20% more than, and the shape of the weld seam of formation approaches the shape of Fig. 4; Electric arc is concentrated, and plasma jet power increases, and the effect of electric arc agitation molten pool is strengthened, bath temperature distributes and reaches unanimity, region superheating phenomenon reduces, and crystallite dimension reduces thereupon, and metal grain is thinner, the number of grain boundaries of unit volume is just more, crystal boundary is larger to the drag of plastic deformation, and simultaneously grain deformation is also more even, causes intensity, hardness higher, plasticity, toughness are better, and refined crystalline strengthening effect is more obvious; Fracture all presents obvious ductile fracture from top to bottom, does not have quasi-cleavage crack feature, and fracture entirety is ductile fracture; In addition, the welding point toughness of acquisition is high, and droplet transfer process is highly stable; Greatly improve fatigue life.
Embodiment tri-:
The by volume percentage allocation of composition of helium, argon gas and nitrogen in the ternary hybrid protection gas of aluminum alloy MIG welding, is respectively helium: 25%, and argon gas: 74.995%, nitrogen: 0.05%.
Adopt above-mentioned ternary hybrid protection gas; utilize fusible welding wire as electrode; come filler wire and base metals using the electric arc burning between the welding wire sent to continuously and welded piece as thermal source; the continuous fusing of welding wire should be transitioned in weldpool with molten drop form; with after the base metals fusion of fusing, condensation, form weld metal; ternary hybrid protection gas is transported to weld zone continuously by torch neck, makes electric arc, molten bath and near base metals thereof avoid the illeffects of surrounding air.
There is obvious contraction in welding arc, electric arc reduced width, in arc heat quantity set, makes weld penetration increase by 20% more than, and the shape of the weld seam of formation approaches the shape of Fig. 4; Electric arc is concentrated, and plasma jet power increases, and the effect of electric arc agitation molten pool is strengthened, bath temperature distributes and reaches unanimity, region superheating phenomenon reduces, and crystallite dimension reduces thereupon, and metal grain is thinner, the number of grain boundaries of unit volume is just more, crystal boundary is larger to the drag of plastic deformation, and simultaneously grain deformation is also more even, causes intensity, hardness higher, plasticity, toughness are better, and refined crystalline strengthening effect is more obvious; Fracture all presents obvious ductile fracture from top to bottom, does not have quasi-cleavage crack feature, and fracture entirety is ductile fracture; In addition, the welding point toughness of acquisition is high, and droplet transfer process is highly stable; Greatly improve fatigue life.
Embodiment tetra-:
The by volume percentage allocation of composition of helium, argon gas and nitrogen in the ternary hybrid protection gas of aluminum alloy MIG welding, is respectively helium: 35%, and argon gas: 64.974%, nitrogen: 0.026%.
Adopt above-mentioned ternary hybrid protection gas; utilize fusible welding wire as electrode; come filler wire and base metals using the electric arc burning between the welding wire sent to continuously and welded piece as thermal source; the continuous fusing of welding wire should be transitioned in weldpool with molten drop form; with after the base metals fusion of fusing, condensation, form weld metal; ternary hybrid protection gas is transported to weld zone continuously by torch neck, makes electric arc, molten bath and near base metals thereof avoid the illeffects of surrounding air.
There is obvious contraction in welding arc, electric arc reduced width, in arc heat quantity set, makes weld penetration increase by 20% more than, and the shape of the weld seam of formation approaches the shape of Fig. 4; Electric arc is concentrated, and plasma jet power increases, and the effect of electric arc agitation molten pool is strengthened, bath temperature distributes and reaches unanimity, region superheating phenomenon reduces, and crystallite dimension reduces thereupon, and metal grain is thinner, the number of grain boundaries of unit volume is just more, crystal boundary is larger to the drag of plastic deformation, and simultaneously grain deformation is also more even, causes intensity, hardness higher, plasticity, toughness are better, and refined crystalline strengthening effect is more obvious; Fracture all presents obvious ductile fracture from top to bottom, does not have quasi-cleavage crack feature, and fracture entirety is ductile fracture; In addition, the welding point toughness of acquisition is high, and droplet transfer process is highly stable; Greatly improve fatigue life.
Embodiment five:
The by volume percentage allocation of composition of helium, argon gas and nitrogen in the ternary hybrid protection gas of aluminum alloy MIG welding, is respectively helium: 30%, and argon gas: 69.974%, nitrogen: 0.026%.
Adopt above-mentioned ternary hybrid protection gas; utilize fusible welding wire as electrode; come filler wire and base metals using the electric arc burning between the welding wire sent to continuously and welded piece as thermal source; the continuous fusing of welding wire should be transitioned in weldpool with molten drop form; with after the base metals fusion of fusing, condensation, form weld metal; ternary hybrid protection gas is transported to weld zone continuously by torch neck, makes electric arc, molten bath and near base metals thereof avoid the illeffects of surrounding air.
There is obvious contraction in welding arc, electric arc reduced width, in arc heat quantity set, makes weld penetration increase by 20% more than, and the shape of the weld seam of formation approaches the shape of Fig. 4; Electric arc is concentrated, and plasma jet power increases, and the effect of electric arc agitation molten pool is strengthened, bath temperature distributes and reaches unanimity, region superheating phenomenon reduces, and crystallite dimension reduces thereupon, and metal grain is thinner, the number of grain boundaries of unit volume is just more, crystal boundary is larger to the drag of plastic deformation, and simultaneously grain deformation is also more even, causes intensity, hardness higher, plasticity, toughness are better, and refined crystalline strengthening effect is more obvious; Fracture all presents obvious ductile fracture from top to bottom, does not have quasi-cleavage crack feature, and fracture entirety is ductile fracture; In addition, the welding point toughness of acquisition is high, and droplet transfer process is highly stable; Greatly improve fatigue life.
Embodiment six:
The by volume percentage allocation of composition of helium, argon gas and nitrogen in the ternary hybrid protection gas of aluminum alloy MIG welding, is respectively helium: 25%, and argon gas: 74.985%, nitrogen: 0.015%.
Adopt above-mentioned ternary hybrid protection gas; utilize fusible welding wire as electrode; come filler wire and base metals using the electric arc burning between the welding wire sent to continuously and welded piece as thermal source; the continuous fusing of welding wire should be transitioned in weldpool with molten drop form; with after the base metals fusion of fusing, condensation, form weld metal; ternary hybrid protection gas is transported to weld zone continuously by torch neck, makes electric arc, molten bath and near base metals thereof avoid the illeffects of surrounding air.
There is obvious contraction in welding arc, electric arc reduced width, in arc heat quantity set, makes weld penetration increase by 20% more than, and the shape of the weld seam of formation approaches the shape of Fig. 4; Electric arc is concentrated, and plasma jet power increases, and the effect of electric arc agitation molten pool is strengthened, bath temperature distributes and reaches unanimity, region superheating phenomenon reduces, and crystallite dimension reduces thereupon, and metal grain is thinner, the number of grain boundaries of unit volume is just more, crystal boundary is larger to the drag of plastic deformation, and simultaneously grain deformation is also more even, causes intensity, hardness higher, plasticity, toughness are better, and refined crystalline strengthening effect is more obvious; Fracture all presents obvious ductile fracture from top to bottom, does not have quasi-cleavage crack feature, and fracture entirety is ductile fracture; In addition, the welding point toughness of acquisition is high, and droplet transfer process is highly stable; Greatly improve fatigue life.
The foregoing is only the preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for the ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principles of the present invention, can also make various deformation and improvement, this also should be considered as protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
1. a ternary hybrid protection gas for aluminum alloy MIG welding, is characterized in that, described ternary hybrid protection gas comprises helium, argon gas and a small amount of nitrogen.
2. the ternary hybrid protection gas of aluminum alloy MIG welding according to claim 1; it is characterized in that, by volume percentage allocation of the composition of described helium, argon gas and nitrogen, is respectively helium: 20%～40%; argon gas: 59.974%～79.995%, nitrogen: 0.005%～0.026%.
3. the ternary hybrid protection gas of aluminum alloy MIG welding according to claim 2; it is characterized in that, by volume percentage allocation of the composition of described helium, argon gas and nitrogen, is respectively helium: 25%～35%; argon gas: 64.974%～74.995%, nitrogen: 0.005%～0.026%.
4. the ternary hybrid protection gas of aluminum alloy MIG welding according to claim 3, is characterized in that, by volume percentage allocation of the composition of described helium, argon gas and nitrogen, is respectively helium: 20%, and argon gas: 79.995%, nitrogen: 0.005%.
5. the ternary hybrid protection gas of aluminum alloy MIG welding according to claim 2, is characterized in that, by volume percentage allocation of the composition of described helium, argon gas and nitrogen, is respectively helium: 30%, and argon gas: 69.974%, nitrogen: 0.026%.
6. the ternary hybrid protection gas of aluminum alloy MIG welding according to claim 3, is characterized in that, by volume percentage allocation of the composition of described helium, argon gas and nitrogen, is respectively helium: 25%, and argon gas: 74.985%, nitrogen: 0.015%.
7. the welding method of the ternary hybrid protection gas of the arbitrary described aluminum alloy MIG welding of an application rights requirement 1-6, it is characterized in that: adopt fusible welding wire as electrode, come filler wire and base metals using the electric arc burning between the welding wire sent to continuously and welded piece as thermal source, the continuous fusing of welding wire should be transitioned in weldpool with molten drop form, base metals fusion with fusing, after condensation, form weld metal, ternary hybrid protection gas is transported to weld zone continuously by torch neck, make electric arc, molten bath and near base metals thereof are avoided the illeffects of surrounding air.
8. welding method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described welding gun is controlled by artificial, semiautomatic plant or robot arm.
9. welding method according to claim 7, is characterized in that: described ternary hybrid protection gas is by central gas supply mode and/or disperse plenum system to supply with.
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Cited By (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN109530891A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-29 | 渤海造船厂集团有限公司 | Consumable electrode gas shield welding nickel-based welding wire ArHeN2Protective gas |
| CN109759732A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-17 | 上海宇洋特种金属材料有限公司 | A kind of S32205 two phase stainless steel welding process |
| CN110280871A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-09-27 | 上海空间推进研究所 | A kind of space flight propulsion subsystem Aluminum alloys tank high quality arc welding process method |
| CN110480131A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-22 | 上海交通大学 | The protective gas and welding method of MIG welding |
| CN111468804A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-07-31 | 湖南联诚轨道装备有限公司 | MIG welding process of aluminum alloy |
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| CN109530891A (en) * | 2018-12-28 | 2019-03-29 | 渤海造船厂集团有限公司 | Consumable electrode gas shield welding nickel-based welding wire ArHeN2Protective gas |
| CN109759732A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-05-17 | 上海宇洋特种金属材料有限公司 | A kind of S32205 two phase stainless steel welding process |
| CN110280871A (en) * | 2019-07-08 | 2019-09-27 | 上海空间推进研究所 | A kind of space flight propulsion subsystem Aluminum alloys tank high quality arc welding process method |
| CN110480131A (en) * | 2019-08-28 | 2019-11-22 | 上海交通大学 | The protective gas and welding method of MIG welding |
| CN111468804A (en) * | 2020-04-24 | 2020-07-31 | 湖南联诚轨道装备有限公司 | MIG welding process of aluminum alloy |
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Application publication date: 20140806 |