CN103959423B - The periodic modulation of X-ray intensity - Google Patents
The periodic modulation of X-ray intensity Download PDFInfo
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- CN103959423B CN103959423B CN201280057661.7A CN201280057661A CN103959423B CN 103959423 B CN103959423 B CN 103959423B CN 201280057661 A CN201280057661 A CN 201280057661A CN 103959423 B CN103959423 B CN 103959423B
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- 230000000737 periodic effect Effects 0.000 title claims abstract description 10
- 238000010894 electron beam technology Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 48
- 238000003384 imaging method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 29
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- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims description 9
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- 230000004907 flux Effects 0.000 description 31
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Classifications
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J35/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J35/02—Details
- H01J35/04—Electrodes ; Mutual position thereof; Constructional adaptations therefor
- H01J35/08—Anodes; Anti cathodes
- H01J35/10—Rotary anodes; Arrangements for rotating anodes; Cooling rotary anodes
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01J—ELECTRIC DISCHARGE TUBES OR DISCHARGE LAMPS
- H01J2235/00—X-ray tubes
- H01J2235/08—Targets (anodes) and X-ray converters
- H01J2235/086—Target geometry
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- Apparatus For Radiation Diagnosis (AREA)
Abstract
The present invention relates to the X-ray beam of modulation generation.In order to provide increase (i.e., the periodic modulation of X-ray intensity faster), a kind of rotary anode being used in X-ray tube is provided to modulate the anode disc (28) of the X-ray beam of generation, the anode disc includes circumference target area (34), and the circumference target area (34) has target surface area, burnt track centerline (38) and beam catcher face region.There is provided target surface area so that when just being hit by electron beam, the X-ray for x-ray imaging can be generated；And there is provided beam catcher face region so that when just being hit by electron beam, can generate the X-ray for being not used in x-ray imaging.Target surface area includes multiple target parts (80,82), and beam catcher face region includes multiple beam trap fractions (88).The target part and the beam trap fraction are arranged to along burnt track centerline so that the focal spot for generating X-ray radiation wherein is centrally located on burnt track centerline.Moreover, the structure in burnt track centerline both sides is arranged such that, when just being hit by homogeneity electron beam, identical radiation intensity is provided in both sides.Additionally provide, at least a portion of target surface area includes target part and beam trap fraction in an alternating manner on the direction of focal track center line.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the rotary anode in a kind of X-ray tube to modulate the anode disc of the X-ray beam of generation, for giving birth to
Method into the X-ray tube of the periodic modulation of X-ray intensity, x-ray imaging system and for modulation of X-ray beam, and
Computer program element and computer-readable medium.
Background technology
For example, x-ray imaging is imaged for CT.For example, by the modulation (such as utilizing deflection device) of electron beam or
Person is also provided by the electric energy of the change for generating electron beam to provide the modulation of radiation X ray.US2010/
0020938A1 describes a kind of markd anode disc of tool, and the mark can modulate the stray electrical detected by probe unit
The quantity of son.The pattern of mark is provided at beside the expectation track of focal spot so that the associative mode in signal is occurred only at
When focal spot deviates expectation track.Whether optimal path is have left thereby, it is possible to the position that detects focal spot.However, for example, when in CT
When applying X-ray radiation in imaging, for the direct alignment purpose of signal integration detector, it will be helpful to modulation and is radiated by source
X-ray flux, thus, in ca.200 microseconds, each X-ray frame have at least one or more modulation period.US2010/
0172475A1 describes the device for deflecting the dose-modulated into incident beam trap by electron beam.However, for X
The above-mentioned example of the modulation of ray beam does not provide sufficiently fast periodic modulation, while maintaining the imaging capability of system completely
(for example, focal spot position).
The content of the invention
Thus, it is possible to the need for there is the periodic modulation for providing (i.e., the faster) X-ray intensity increased.
The purpose of the present invention is solved by the theme of independent claims, wherein, other embodiment is merged in appurtenance
Profit is required.
It should be noted that be also applied in terms of the following description of the present invention anode disc, X-ray tube, x-ray imaging system,
Computer program element and computer-readable medium.
There is provided a kind of rotating anode anode disc being used in X-ray tube, the anode according to the first aspect of the invention
Disk includes being used to modulate the circumference target area of the X-ray beam of generation, and the target area includes：Target surface area, Jiao
Track centerline and beam catcher face region.There is provided target surface area so that can when just being hit by electron beam
Generate the X-ray for x-ray imaging.There is provided beam catcher face region so that can when just being hit by electron beam
The X-ray for x-ray imaging can not be generated.Target surface area includes multiple target parts, and beam catcher face
Region includes multiple beam trap fractions.Target part and beam trap fraction are arranged to along burnt track centerline,
So that the focal spot of generation X-ray radiation is centrally located on burnt track centerline wherein.Knot in burnt track centerline both sides
Structure is arranged such that, when just being hit by homogeneity electron beam, and identical radiation intensity is provided in both sides.At least a portion target
Surface region includes target part and beam trap fraction in an alternating manner on focal track road centerline direction.
For example, term " circumference target area " is related to the linear focal track road near the outward flange for being disposed in anode disc.Remove
It is provided as outside circular target region, it is also possible to provide that there is perhaps anfractuose curve form along the edge of anode
Target area.Thus, the target area that term " linear goal region " can be used in straight round wire, however, also including small
Deviation, for example, passing through the small curve model with many waveforms (in snakelike form).
During rotation, target area (such as, linear goal region) includes the effective target of change.The center of focal spot is protected
Hold spatially constant, such as be located in the case of snakelike focal track road on the center line in snakelike focal track road.
For example, pipe surface region and beam catcher face region are arranged to along burnt track centerline on focal track road
Center line is symmetrical.Term " symmetrical " refers to along the symmetrical of RADIAL.Thus, in the case of round wire, term " symmetrical " is
Refer to the line perpendicular to round appropriate section, i.e. RADIAL.However, in the circumference target area of curve (for example, it includes many
Waveform configuration) in the case of, term " symmetrical " refers to the line of the appropriate section perpendicular to target area, or in other words, refers to hang down
The line of the tangent line of the straight appropriate section in curve.
Target surface area and beam catcher face region can be provided as with the edge being always arranged radially
Structure.The part of the target surface area of constant radiant intensity can be concentrically provided.Can also be by burnt track centerline
The tangential boundary line of both sides come define provide constant radiant intensity target surface area part, the boundary line is provided tool
There is the same distance to burnt track centerline.
Target surface may be provided in target mesa region, be surrounded by beam trap fraction.
According to exemplary embodiment, there is provided continuous target's center part.Beam catcher face region includes more than first
Individual groove and more than second groove, more than first groove and more than second groove are disposed in pair of target's center part
Side.Thus, target surface area includes continuous target's center part and the side part interrupted.
According to another exemplary embodiment, along burnt track centerline, target part and beam are provided in an alternating fashion
Trap fraction.
Target part and beam trap fraction can each extend through complete circumference target area.
According to another exemplary embodiment, at least a portion of target part includes the first subdivision and the of the first quantity
Second subdivision of two quantity.First subdivision is provided with the first radical length, and the second subdivision is provided with
Second radical length.First radical length is more than the second radical length.
According to the second aspect of the invention there is provided a kind of X-ray tube for being used to generate the periodic modulation of X-ray intensity,
It includes negative electrode, anode disc and the pipe sleeve with X-ray window.Anode disc is provided as one in above-mentioned example
Described anode disc.Negative electrode is configured as, towards focal track road launching electronics, being used as the electron beam with focal spot.Beam is provided to catch
Storage so that on the position when just being hit by electron beam, the lower surface of beam trap, which does not have, arrives X-ray window
Sight.
According to exemplary embodiment there is provided focus device, to form the size and form of focal spot.
According to the third aspect of the invention we there is provided a kind of x-ray imaging system, it includes x-ray source and X-ray detection
Device.X-ray source is provided as the x-ray source described in one in above-mentioned example.
According to exemplary embodiment, the stage of anode rotation is suitable for synchronous with the integration period of X-ray detector.
According to the fourth aspect of the invention there is provided a kind of method for modulation of X-ray beam, it comprises the following steps：
A) towards the rotary anode radiating electron beam of circumference target area is included, the circumference target area has target
Surface region, burnt track centerline and beam catcher face region.There is provided target surface area so that when just being penetrated by electronics
When beam is hit, the X-ray for x-ray imaging can be generated.There is provided beam catcher face region so that when just being penetrated by electronics
When beam is hit, the X-ray for being not used in x-ray imaging can be generated.Target surface area includes multiple target parts, and beam
Catcher face region includes multiple beam trap fractions.Target part and beam trap fraction are arranged to along focal track
Road center line so that the focal spot for generating X-ray radiation wherein is centrally located on burnt track centerline.Target surface area
At least a portion includes target part and beam trap fraction in an alternating manner on focal track road centerline direction；And
B) anode disc is rotated, and generates modulated X-ray radiation.
According to exemplary embodiment, electron beam is provided in step b), the electron beam has at least two differences
Beam shape, its focal spot have change radical length.
According to aspects of the present invention, anode disc is provided in the structure on focal track road (that is, circumference target area), by providing
The part of useless X-ray is radiated with being combined for generating the part of X-ray radiation, the structure influences the X of modulation format
The generation of ray beam.The structure is arranged such that the center of the gravity of effective focal spot is not moved relative to burnt track centerline
It is dynamic, but focal spot center line is stopped or kept during the rotation of anode disc.On the both sides of burnt track centerline, with similar side
Formula acts on the change of effective focal spot, i.e. the part actually with the focal track road for being ready for use on the surface for generating useful X-ray radiation
Or region, so as to ensure generation X-ray beam derive from identical point, although from around central point concentric arrangement not
Same size.In other words moved there is provided X-ray beam not based on the spatial relationship with detector, but only only in accordance with intensity quilt
Modulation.
With reference to the embodiments described below, these and other aspects of the invention will be evident and be illustrated.
Brief description of the drawings
With reference to the following drawings, the exemplary embodiment of the present invention is described below.
Fig. 1 shows the x-ray imaging system of the exemplary embodiment according to the present invention.
Fig. 2 schematically shows the anode disc of the exemplary embodiment according to the present invention in a top view.
Fig. 3 shows the another example of the anode disc according to the present invention in a top view.
Fig. 4 shows the cross section of the anode disc according to Fig. 3.
Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b are shown according to this hair in detailed top view (section in only Fig. 5 a) and top view (Fig. 5 b)
The another example of bright anode disc.
Fig. 6 shows the another example of the anode disc according to the present invention in the detailed view (only section) of top view.
Fig. 7 shows the example of the X-ray tube according to the present invention.
Fig. 8 shows the another example of the X-ray tube with the anode disc according to the present invention in vertical cross-section.
Fig. 9 shows the another example of the anode disc according to the present invention in detailed top view (only section).
Figure 10 shows the basic step of the method for modulation of X-ray beam according to the present invention.
Figure 11 shows the another example of the method according to the invention.
Figure 12 shows two charts of the nonlinear correlation with detector of the exemplary embodiment according to the present invention.
Figure 13 shows the chart for photon flux measurement, synchronization and data processing according to the present invention.
Figure 14 shows the chart for selecting the photon detection cycle according to the present invention.
Embodiment
Fig. 1 shows x-ray imaging system 10, and it includes x-ray source 12 and X-ray detector 14.For example, X-ray into
As system 10 is CT imaging systems, it includes frame 16, in the frame 16, and x-ray source 12 and X-ray detector 14 are by that
This is mounted opposite, and they can be rotated with associated movement in frame wherein.Moreover, showing patient table
18, object (such as patient 20) is disposed on the patient table 18.Further there is provided processing unit 22, interface list
Member 24 and display unit 26.
It has to be noticed that although fig 1 illustrate that CT system, the present invention also provides other x-ray imaging systems, such as C-arm
Imaging system.
X-ray source 12 is provided as the x-ray source described in one in following embodiments according to x-ray source.
Before the x-ray source 12 of X-ray form of tubes shown in the cross section in such as Fig. 7 is described, reference
Following Fig. 2 etc., it illustrates for the rotating anode anode disc 28 in X-ray tube.Utilize the rotation around central point 32
Arrow 30 indicates the offer of rotation.
Anode disc 28 includes being used to modulate the circumference target area 34 of the X-ray beam of generation, such as linear as circumference
Target area.Target area 34 includes target surface area 36, burnt track centerline 38 and beam catcher face region 40.
There is provided target surface area 36 so that when just being hit by electron beam, the X for x-ray imaging can be generated
Ray, it will be further elucidated hereinbelow.There is provided beam catcher face region so that when just being hit by electron beam, energy
Enough generations are not used in the useful X-ray of x-ray imaging.Target surface area includes multiple target parts 42, and beam is trapped
Device surface region includes multiple beam trap fractions 44.
It should be noted that Fig. 2 shows the specific arrangement of target part 42 and beam trap fraction 44.However, all as follows
Shown in figure, other arrangements can also be provided.
Target part 42 and beam trap fraction 44 are arranged to along burnt track centerline so that generate X wherein
The focal spot of ray radiation is centrally located on burnt track centerline.Structure in burnt track centerline both sides is arranged so that when
When just being hit by homogeneity electron beam, identical radiation intensity is provided in both sides.Although for example, can only be determined with reference to negative electrode
The position of focal spot, circle 46 indicates the position of focal spot in fig. 2, and it is explained with reference to Fig. 7.
At least a portion of target surface area 36 includes target in an alternating manner on the direction of burnt track centerline 38
Part 42 and beam trap fraction 44.
Fig. 2 shows burnt track centerline 38 as linear circumference, i.e. circular configuration.However, also offer curves focal track road
Center line, or curve circumference target area are also disposed on anode disc 28.
During rotation, target area 34 includes the effective target of change.The center of focal spot keeps space invariance.
Thus, Fig. 2 provides the modulation between 100% and 0%.It can be provided in theory by the switching of electron beam
Modulation between 100% and 0%, alternately method.However, providing advantages below according to the modulation of the present invention：From 100%
To 0% transition period, in the case where switching electron beam, focal spot is not distorted.
It shall also be noted that providing other modulation also according to the another example of the present invention.
Fig. 3 shows the another example of the anode disc 28 with target area 34.Ellipsoidal structure 48 indicates focal spot position.
Target area 34 is shown in a linear fashion in the top of anode disc 28, wherein, trapped different from the beam for example to anode disk center
The circumference and corresponding align of device part 44, with linearity configuration provides beam trap fraction.However, technical staff manages
Solution is merely illustrative purpose there is provided the linear projection.
Target surface area 36 and beam catcher face region 38 are arranged to along burnt track centerline on focal track
Road center line 38 is symmetrical, and the burnt track centerline is indicated using chain-dotted line 38.Term " symmetrical " refers on radial line
Symmetrically, wherein, the crosspoint with burnt track centerline is mirror image, or symmetry axis.Due to curve focal track road (being circumference), certainly this
In do not provide really symmetrical in the length in focal track road, but only for having asymmetrical beam generating portion on focal track road
Point.Target surface area and beam catcher face region (that is, target part 42 and beam trap fraction 44) are provided
As the structure with the edge being always arranged radially, it is illustrated as parallel to each other with linear projection in figure 3.
For example, there is provided continuous target's center part 50 as shown in Figure 3.Beam catcher face region includes first
Multiple 52 grooves and more than second 54 grooves, more than described first 52 grooves and more than second 54 grooves are disposed in target's center
The offside of part 50.As illustrated, providing groove in the inner side and outer side of burnt track centerline 38.Thus, it is close to continuous
There is provided the side part of interruption for target's center part 50.
On focal spot 48, it is shown in three different exemplary configurations in linear projection in figure 3, accordingly, for
Large focal spot size reference numeral 48LTo indicate, 48 are used for the focal spot of medium sizeMTo indicate, and used for small focal spot
48STo indicate.Although providing different focal spot sizes in identical position relative to burnt track centerline 38, be shown in conjunction with it is described not
Same focal spot size.There is provided its sorting for illustration purposes only.It is corresponding similar on the linear projection of circumference target area 34
The chart 56 of iconL、56MAnd 56SCorresponding result beam modulation is shown.As illustrated, due to Large focal spot 48LExtend across
Two kinds of groove modes, therefore the beam modulation strengthened is provided.Due to medium size focal spot 48MWith greater percentage of not by shadow
Loud part, i.e. successive objective center section 50, therefore, with Large focal spot 48LCompare, modulation is less.Because small focal spot only covers
Continuous target's center part 50 is covered, no modulation occurs.
Fig. 4 shown through the cross section of anode disc 28, wherein, two arrows 58 indicate to be used for by the part that hits the mark
42 and generate the X-ray part of X-ray beam 60.Two farther arrows 62 indicate that X-ray hits beam trap fraction 44,
The latter is indicated using chain-dotted line.Moreover, arrow 64 indicates radial direction.
Although belonging to the structure of X-ray tube, a part for deflection device 66 and X-ray pipe sleeve 68, and X-ray window are shown
Mouth 70.
For example, beam deflection device 66 can be provided as magnetic focusing or capacitive character is focused on.As shown in Figure 3, lead to
Modulation amplitude can be adjusted by crossing adjustment focal spot length.When the adjustment of focal spot width can be used for adjusting the conversion between modulation level
Between.The length of focal spot, also referred to as F are indicated using the first four-headed arrow 72L.Indicated using the second four-headed arrow 74 in Fig. 3
Focal spot width, also referred to as FW。
Only as example, anode can be spinned with 180Hz, and race way diameter is 180mm；Then orbital velocity is 102m/
s。
When taking 100m/s focal track road, the groove slot pitch in 1mm cycles will provide 100kHz modulation.Thus, " week is integrated
Phase " is more than 100 milliseconds long.Groove can be equipped with the 0.5mm slot pitches with the 1mm cycles, and focal spot width can be with sufficiently small, example
Such as less than 0.5mm.
According to another example, target part 42 is provided with different radial widths 76, also referred to as RW.Alternatively or volume
Other places, target part 42 can also be provided with different radical lengths 78, be referred to as RL.Term " radial width " is related in footpath
To the dimension of the part on direction, and term " radical length " is related to the dimension of the part on focal track road centerline direction.
For example, Fig. 5 a show the another linear projection of circumference target area 34.Instead of successive objective core, target
Partial at least a portion includes the first subdivision 80 of the first quantity and the second subdivision 82 of the second quantity.First subdivision
80 are provided with the first radical length 84, and the second subdivision is provided with the second radical length 86.First is radially long
Degree 84 is more than the second radical length 86.
As indicated above with respect to Fig. 2, advantages below is provided according to the modulation of the present invention：In the transition period, focal spot not by
Deformation.Hereby it is achieved that 10% strength of stability value.It should be noted that can hardly be realized using electron beam switching such
10% stabilization " centre " value.
Fig. 5 b show the top view of the anode of the target part arrangement with Fig. 5 a, and it includes the first subdivision and second
Subdivision 80,82.For simplicity, focal spot position is indicated using reference numeral 94.Certainly, for Fig. 5 b, it also is provided with closing
The feature of Fig. 5 a descriptions.
According to another example (although not shown) there is provided the 3rd or other, multiple three or other subdivisions.
For example, there is provided target pattern as shown in Fig. 5 a (and Fig. 5 b), follow beam trap subdivision 88 neighbouring along
Burnt track centerline provides the first subdivision and the second subdivision.
First subdivision 80 can be provided as target tableland 90.Second subdivision 82 can be provided as neighbouring the
The conversion tableland 92 of one subdivision 80.As shown in fig. 6, conversion portion has assigns to subtracting for beam trap fraction from the first sub-portion
Few radial width.For example, on the moving direction of focal spot, the second subdivision, which is provided with, follows beam trap subdivision
Reduction radial width.Second subdivision is provided with fundamental triangle shape, wherein, triangle is suitable to burnt orbit centre
The circularity of line.
Second subdivision can also be provided with centrically symmetric shape, such as, hyperbola, staged or triangle.
By implying the tableland of focal track and beam trap, the photon flux used that periodically modulation is generated.
On Fig. 5 a, Fig. 5 b and Fig. 6, the flux modulation of three times level can be provided.For example, Fig. 5 (Fig. 5 a and Fig. 5 b)
Show 100%/10%/0% flux modulation.
For example, the first subdivision 80 is " 100%- tablelands ", as oval focal spot designator 94 is indicated, it is accommodated completely
Electron beam.Because electron beam also covers the part of so-called tableland-trapping, i.e. around trapping of the second subdivision 82
Part 88, the 10% of whole photon fluxes is only generated as second subdivision 82 in " 10%- tablelands ".Such as utilize another focal spot
What designator 96 was indicated, based on the movement of the anode disc indicated using mobile arrow 98, show focal spot relative to 10% tableland
Position.Further moved there is provided so-called 0%- tablelands or trapping based on what the another focal spot indicator 100 of utilization was indicated,
Electron beam is wherein fully trapped, and does not thus generate photon flux here.
In order to be better described, shown in the lower section for the target area 34 that corresponding photon flux is indicated using curve 104
Chart 102.Connection arrow 106 indicates that the corresponding position on the target area 34 of focal spot position leads to the related photon generated
Amount modulation.
It should be noted that due to the elliptical shape of focal spot, the conversion portion 106 of curve 104 occur in 100%- levels and
Between 10%- levels and 0%- levels, and 100%- levels are returned from 0%- levels.Thus there is provided for example with short
The progressively periodic modulation in the cycle of CT frames.
According to another exemplary characteristics, the part around 100% tableland, i.e. for example, the first subdivision 80 can also be by
There is provided as surrounding or mark beam trap fraction 108.
Fig. 6 shows the example of the photon flux modulation also obtained with conversion portion 92 and in chart below.And
And, with reference to the respective point on curve 104, also in relation with connection arrow 111, indicate multiple focal spot positions 110.
By using variously-shaped tableland, the temporal profile line of x-ray flux can be formed in a flexible way.Example
Such as, as illustrated, conversion tableland can be so-called triangle.
According to another example, shown in Fig. 9, on the moving direction of focal spot, beam trap fraction 44 can be provided
With increase and the then radial width of reduction.For example, as shown in figure 9, beam trap fraction is provided as rhomboid
Beam trap 112.
Before other features shown in explanation Fig. 9, with reference to Fig. 7, show is used to generate X-ray intensity according to the present invention
Periodic modulation X-ray tube 114.One in example described above and below, X-ray 114 includes negative electrode
116th, anode disc 28 and the pipe sleeve 118 with X-ray window 120.
Negative electrode 116 is configured as towards focal track road launching electronics as the electron beam 122 with focal spot.In the figure 7 not
Further show that there is provided beam trap so that on the position when just being hit by electron beam, the bottom of beam trap
The sight of X-ray window 120 is not arrived on surface.
The rotation of anode disc is indicated using rotary shaft 124.Moreover, only diagrammatically illustrating very much bearing and driving element
126.As another option there is provided focus device 128, to form the size and form of electron beam (that is, focal spot).For example, poly-
Burnt device is magnetic focusing device.Thus, electron beam is deflectable in tangential direction.In the anode according to another example
In the radial direction, focal spot has at least suitable size to disk.Alternatively or additionally, the focal spot in the tangential direction of anode disc
With at least suitable size.
Fig. 8 schematically shows the function of beam trap (that is, beam trap fraction 44).Vertical arrows 130 refer to
Show the possible electron beam section or big electron beam for the lower surface 132 for hitting beam trap fraction 44.From lower surface
132, it is not provided to the sight of X-ray window 120.However, some back-scattered electrons indicated using small curve arrow 134 can be with
Hit the sidewall sections 136 of beam trap fraction.Although moreover, not representing arrangement to scale certainly, in fig. 8 schematically
Show detector 138.However, some detector cells can have regarding to the side surface part bulkhead of edge or beam trap
Line.Thus, these units can see off-focal radiation.This is by indicating that the first X-ray beam sector of the X-ray beam of generation is tied
Structure 140 indicates that the X-ray beam of the generation is from the target part 42 being disposed between two beam trap fractions 44
Generation.Second sector structure 142 indicates the possible X-ray beam generated by back-scattered electron.Moreover, being caught for other beams
Trap section shows similar, and thus there is provided possible 3rd fan beam structure 144.
For example, this can be avoided by being properly formed beam trap (for example, limiting structure etc.), or this can be made
Effect is minimized, and it shows with reference to Fig. 9 as example.
As shown in Figure 9, it is provided with to be formed radially with the beam trap fraction for increasing and reducing radial width
The both sides for the subtended angle 146 that ground is outwardly oriented, the subtended angle is more than the segment angle of the X-ray beam 150 radiated through X-ray window
148 (not shown in fig .9).But, it is schematically shown that detector 152.
The problem of in order to avoid being related to back-scattered electron, the respective side walls part 154 and 156 of dicing can be provided tool
There are high Z materials to avoid the off-focal radiation from back-scattered electron.Certainly, in order to avoid backscattered radiation, the offer of high Z materials
The beam trap fraction of other forms and shape can also be provided to.
On Fig. 9, many focal spot positions are indicated using other ellipsoidal structures 158.As described above, position (that is, structure)
Indicate by the caused position relative to center line in rotary moving of anode disc.
As indicated above, even if the vertical influence with primary electron, the edge in tableland can be changed by electrons hit,
The electronics is from the bottom of beam trap by backscattering.In order to make the off-focal radiation and X-ray detector with asymmetric manner
Irradiation minimize, changing the hatching in tableland for example " can be limited " as rhomboidal shape so that only some detectors
Unit is in the sight at such edge.However, due to non-zero anode angle, still there may be some detector lists in sight
Member.
Dicing should be more than detector segment angle.
As long as other limit shapes follow requirement above, other described limit shapes can be used in modulating by different way
Beam flux.
In the transition period, and for small throughput, according to another example, focal spot will be divided into two in the longitudinal direction
Point.As long as whole length is sufficiently small, this will not damage the imaging performance of system.
Figure 10 shows a kind of method 200 for modulation of X-ray beam, and it comprises the following steps：In first step 210
In, also referred to as step a), direction includes the rotary anode radiating electron beam of circumference target area, the circumference target area
With target surface, burnt track centerline and beam catcher face.There is provided target surface so that when just being hit by electron beam
When middle, the X-ray for x-ray imaging can be generated.There is provided beam catcher face so that when just being hit by electron beam
When, the X-ray for being not used in x-ray imaging can be generated.Target surface area includes multiple target parts, and beam trap
Surface region includes multiple beam trap fractions.Target part and beam trap fraction are arranged to along burnt orbit centre
Line so that the focal spot for generating X-ray radiation wherein is centrally located at burnt track centerline.At least one of target surface area
Divide includes target part and beam trap fraction in an alternating manner on the direction of burnt track centerline.In second step 220
In, also referred to as step b), rotary anode disk, and generate modulated X-ray radiation.Thus, at the same perform step a) and
Step b).
According to another example, as shown in figure 11, during step b), indicated using reference numeral 230, electron beam quilt
There is provided has at least two different beam shapes, and its focal spot has the radical length of change.
According to another example (not shown), for example, there is provided tangential direction (that is, x side when from zero flux to complete flux
To) on electron beam deflection, with accelerate conversion.
The combination switched with grid may also be provided.
According to another example, the phase of anode rotation is suitable for synchronous with the integration period of detector.
For different CT views, flux mode can be different.Algorithm for reconstructing is by the difference for the different views that must align
Quality.
Also providing has anode disc, and the anode disc has " undisturbed " the focal track road of the separation without beam trap, can
Selected by the deflection of electron beam.
Before Figure 13 and Figure 14 of measurement and the selection in photon detection cycle with reference to description photon flux, with reference to figure
12, described Figure 12 show the first chart 160, and first chart 160 is related to detector readings 162 and water on vertical axis
Main X-ray flux 164 on flat axle.As illustrated, the detector for CT is utilized bent with the first of high photon flux
The nonlinear strict limitation that line 166 is indicated.Virtual linear response is indicated with the straight line 168 of dot-dash mode.
As shown in the second following chart 170, according to the present invention, for example, by integrating photon flux only in reduction
Signal during cycle, and the signal from excessive flux period is abandoned there is provided energy separation curve 172, to avoid saturation.
Figure 13 shows the measuring of the photon flux in the 3rd chart 300, synchronization and data processing.X-ray tube 310 is provided
Main X-ray fan beam 312.Object 314 is disposed in X-ray fan beam 312, and there is X-ray to be not through son for it
Object 316.Moreover, utilizing the corresponding indication detector array 318 of indication signal 320.Chain-dotted line 322 indicates critical line, in institute
State and nonlinear response is provided above critical line, and enough linear responses are provided below the critical line.Thus, signal
320 can be divided into three parts 324,326 and 328.Part I 324 relates to obtain signal from the small throughput cycle
Part.Thus, Part II 326 can be used in obtaining signal from the high flux cycle.Thus, similar to part 324, Part III
328 also can be used in obtaining signal from the small throughput cycle.Light is indicated following with sub-chart 330 and corresponding connection arrow 332
The appropriate section of the chart of sub- flux.
Moreover, reference beam 334 is provided to main flux monitor 336.Corresponding signal is indicated using chart 338.
Thus there is provided synchronizing signal 340, it has signal structure 342.It is used as another step, as indicated using arrow 346, gate
The combination that signal transacting 343 is arranged to will pass through synchronizing signal 340 and the corresponding signal 310 provided reaches every energy branch mailbox
334 real sinograms.Only each detector pixel is read in the appropriate cycle of X-ray signal.Returned at the end of projected frame
Turn round and look at and determine the suitable cycle, it is also referred to as " integration period ".The zero flux cycle is used for the detection that crystal is polarized.Work as modulation period
Length be less than minimum " integration period ", can individually determine suitable timing for each projection.
Figure 14 shows the selection in the photon detection cycle in the 4th chart 400.In first step 410, photon is integrated
Signal.Then, in another step 412, signal is assessed as it is determined that limitation is following.If answer is "yes", it is another
Estimation (such as every energy) signal is provided in step 414.If answer is "No" there is provided another step 416, wherein
Ignore result, and select the small throughput cycle., then can be with repeat step as indicated using arrow 418.Hereinafter, another son
Chart 420 is indicated in vertical direction and the photon flux from X-ray tube along the time in the horizontal direction.Following
In row, indicated using reference numeral 422, show some CT views.Further below, for the 100% flux week in up 426
Phase, for 10% flux period in center row 428 and for 0% flux period in descending 430, show source lead to
Measure sequence 424.In enough low photon flux cycles, all entrance photons of the detection per detector pixel.If, instantaneous detection
Device signal should exceed the limitation of the linear response of detector pixel, ignore those data arrived in high flux period measurement.Only
Only assess the photon flux reached during the small throughput cycle.Because the decay of object in the environment is low, the signal provides enough
Big signal to noise ratio.The CT projection cycles can be shorter than modulation period.
There is provided a kind of computer program or computer program element in another example of the present invention embodiment, it is special
Levy and be, the method and step suitable for implementing the method described in one in previous embodiment in appropriate system.
Therefore, computer program element can be stored in computer unit, and it can also be embodiments of the invention
A part.The execution for the step of computing unit may be adapted to perform or induce the above method.Moreover, it may be adapted in operation
State the component of device.Computing unit can be adapted to be automatically brought into operation and/or implement the order of user.Computer program can be loaded
To the working memory of data processor.Thus, it is possible to the method for being equipped with data processor to realize the present invention.
The exemplary embodiment of the present invention covers from the computer program for most beginning to use the present invention and by means of by now
There is program to be updated to the computer program of the program using the present invention.
Moreover, computer program element can provide all steps necessarys, to complete the exemplary embodiment of the above method
Process.
According to the another exemplary embodiment of the present invention, a kind of computer-readable medium is proposed, such as CD-ROM, wherein,
The computer-readable medium has the computer program element being stored in thereon, and foregoing character describes the computer journey
Sequence element.
Computer program can be stored and/or is distributed on appropriate media, such as provided together with other hardware or
Be used as the optical storage medium or solid state medium of a part for other hardware, but it is also possible to be distributed otherwise, such as via
Internet or other wired or wireless communication systems.
However, computer program can also be present in network (such as WWW) and can the network from be downloaded to
In the working memory of data processor.It is used to make computer program there is provided one kind according to the another exemplary embodiment of the present invention
Element can be used for the medium downloaded, and the computer program element is arranged to perform the previously described implementation according to the present invention
The method described in one in example.
It has to be noticed that describing embodiments of the invention with reference to different themes.Especially, reference method type claims are described
Some embodiments, and reference device type claims describe other embodiment.However, those skilled in the art will more than and
Learned in describing below, unless otherwise mentioned, in addition to any combination of feature of a types of theme is belonged to, be related to difference
Any combination between the feature of theme is also considered as the disclosure of this application.However, can combine all features there is provided than
The more synergies of simple summation of feature.
Although being illustrated in detail in accompanying drawing and foregoing description and describing the present invention, such diagram and description are recognized
To be n-lustrative or exemplary and nonrestrictive.The invention is not restricted to published embodiment.Those skilled in the art are led to
Studying accompanying drawing, disclosure and dependent claims are crossed, during the advocated present invention is put into practice, it is to be understood that and it is real
Now to other modifications of disclosed embodiment.
In the claims, the word of " comprising " one is not excluded for other key elements or step, and indefinite article "a" or "an"
It is not excluded for multiple.Single processor or other units can realize some functions of enumerating in the claims.In mutually not phase
The fact that some measures enumerated in same dependent claims, which does not indicate that, can not use the combination of these measures to benefit.
Any reference marker in claim is not necessarily to be construed as limiting scope.
Claims (13)
1. a kind of rotary anode being used in X-ray tube modulates the anode disc (28) of the X-ray beam of generation, it includes circumference
Target area (34), the target area has：
- target surface area (36)；
- Jiao track centerline (38)；And
- beam catcher face region (40)；
Wherein there is provided the target surface area so that when just being hit by electron beam, can generate for x-ray imaging
X-ray；
Wherein there is provided the beam catcher face region so that when just being hit by electron beam, can generate and be not used in X
The X-ray of radial imaging；
Wherein, the target surface area includes multiple target parts (42)；And the beam catcher face region includes
Multiple beam trap fractions (44)；And the target surface area and the beam catcher face region are with the first configuration
It is provided with one kind in the second configuration：In described first configures, the target surface area includes continuous target's center
Partly (50) and interrupt side part；In described second configures, along the burnt track centerline, mesh is provided in an alternating manner
Mark part and beam trap fraction, and the target part is provided with different radial widths and/or with different footpaths
To length；
Wherein, the target part and the beam trap fraction are arranged to along the burnt track centerline so that
The focal spot of wherein generation X-ray radiation is centrally located on the burnt track centerline；And wherein, in the burnt orbit centre
The structure of the both sides of line is arranged so that when just being hit by homogeneity electron beam, identical radiation is provided in the both sides strong
Degree；And
Wherein, at least a portion of the target surface area includes in an alternating manner on the direction of the burnt track centerline
Target part and beam trap fraction.
2. anode disc according to claim 1, wherein, in described first configures, the beam catcher face region
Including more than first (52) grooves and more than second (54) grooves, more than first groove and more than second groove are disposed in
The offside of the target's center part.
3. anode disc according to claim 1, wherein, in described second configures, at least one of the target part
Dividing includes the first subdivision (80) of the first quantity and the second subdivision (82) of the second quantity；
Wherein, first subdivision is provided with the first radical length (84)；And second subdivision is provided tool
There is the second radical length (86)；And
Wherein, first radical length is more than second radical length.
4. anode disc according to claim 3, wherein, first subdivision is provided as target tableland (90)；
Wherein, second subdivision is provided as the conversion tableland (92) of neighbouring first subdivision；And
Wherein, the conversion tableland is with the radially-wide of the reduction that the beam trap fraction is assigned to from first sub-portion
Degree.
5. a kind of X-ray tube (114) for being used to generate the periodic modulation of X-ray intensity, including：
- negative electrode (116)；
Anode disc (28) described in-one in preceding claims；
- pipe sleeve (118), it has X-ray window (120)；
Wherein, the negative electrode is configured as towards focal track road launching electronics, is used as the electron beam (122) with focal spot；
And
Wherein there is provided the beam trap so that on the position when just being hit by the electron beam, the beam is caught
The lower surface of storage does not have the sight to the X-ray window.
6. X-ray tube according to claim 5, wherein there is provided focus device (128), to form the size of the focal spot
And form.
7. X-ray tube according to claim 5, wherein there is provided the trapping of the beam with increase and the radial width of reduction
Device part, forms the subtended angle (146) being orientated radially outward in its both sides, and the subtended angle is more than through the X-ray window spoke
The segment angle (148) for the X-ray beam (150) penetrated.
8. a kind of x-ray imaging system (10), including：
- x-ray source (12)；
- X-ray detector (14)；
Wherein, the x-ray source is provided as the X-ray tube described in one in claim 5-7.
9. x-ray imaging system according to claim 8, wherein, the phase of anode rotation is suitable to and the X-ray detection
The integration period of device is synchronous.
10. a kind of method (200) for modulation of X-ray beam, comprises the following steps：
A) towards rotary anode radiation (210) electron beam of circumference target area is included, the circumference target area has mesh
Mark surface region, burnt track centerline and beam catcher face region；Wherein there is provided the target surface so that when just
When being hit by electron beam, the X-ray for x-ray imaging can be generated；Wherein there is provided the beam catcher face, make
It is proper when just being hit by electron beam, the X-ray for being not used in x-ray imaging can be generated；Wherein, the target surface area bag
Include multiple target parts；Also, the beam catcher face region includes multiple beam trap fractions；And the target
Surface region and the beam catcher face region are provided with one kind in the first configuration and the second configuration：Described first
In configuration, the target surface area includes continuous target's center part (50) and the side part interrupted；Match somebody with somebody described second
In putting, along the burnt track centerline, target part and beam trap fraction, and the target are provided in an alternating manner
Part is provided with different radial widths and/or with different radical lengths；Wherein, the target part and the beam are caught
Trap section is arranged to along the burnt track centerline so that the focal spot for generating X-ray radiation wherein is centrally located at
On the burnt track centerline；And wherein, at least a portion of the target surface area is in the burnt track centerline
Include target part and beam trap fraction on direction in an alternating manner；And
B) rotate (220) anode disc and generate modulated X-ray radiation.
11. method according to claim 10, wherein, during step b), the electron beam, which is provided (230), to be had
At least two different beam shapes, its focal spot has the radical length of change.
12. a kind of device for modulation of X-ray beam, including：
Unit for a) radiating (210) electron beam towards the rotary anode for including circumference target area, the circumference target
Region has target surface area, burnt track centerline and beam catcher face region；Wherein there is provided the object table
Face so that when just being hit by electron beam, can generate the X-ray for x-ray imaging；Wherein caught there is provided the beam
Storage surface so that when just being hit by electron beam, can generate the X-ray for being not used in x-ray imaging；Wherein, the mesh
Marking surface region includes multiple target parts；Also, the beam catcher face region includes multiple beam trap fractions；
And the target surface area and the beam catcher face region are carried with one kind in the first configuration and the second configuration
For：In described first configures, the target surface area includes continuous target's center part (50) and the side part interrupted；
In described second configures, along the burnt track centerline, target part and beam trap fraction are provided in an alternating manner,
And the target part is provided with different radial widths and/or with different radical lengths；Wherein, the target part
It is arranged to the beam trap fraction along the burnt track centerline so that generate Jiao of X-ray radiation wherein
Spot is centrally located on the burnt track centerline；And wherein, at least a portion of the target surface area is in Jiao
Include target part and beam trap fraction on the direction of track centerline in an alternating manner；And
For b) rotation (220) anode disc and generate the unit of modulated X-ray radiation.
13. device according to claim 12, wherein, during step b), the electron beam, which is provided (230), to be had
At least two different beam shapes, its focal spot has the radical length of change.
Applications Claiming Priority (3)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| US201161563157P | 2011-11-23 | 2011-11-23 | |
| US61/563,157 | 2011-11-23 | ||
| PCT/IB2012/055841 WO2013076598A1 (en) | 2011-11-23 | 2012-10-24 | Periodic modulation of the x-ray intensity |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103959423A CN103959423A (en) | 2014-07-30 |
| CN103959423B true CN103959423B (en) | 2017-09-29 |
Family
ID=47192046
Family Applications (1)
| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201280057661.7A Expired - Fee Related CN103959423B (en) | 2011-11-23 | 2012-10-24 | The periodic modulation of X-ray intensity |
Country Status (8)
| Country | Link |
|---|---|
| US (1) | US9870892B2 (en) |
| EP (1) | EP2783384B1 (en) |
| JP (1) | JP6203187B2 (en) |
| CN (1) | CN103959423B (en) |
| IN (1) | IN2014CN03720A (en) |
| MX (1) | MX2014006083A (en) |
| RU (1) | RU2014125206A (en) |
| WO (1) | WO2013076598A1 (en) |
Families Citing this family (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US10460899B2 (en) | 2014-10-06 | 2019-10-29 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Modification arrangement for an X-ray generating device |
| CN109887821B (en) * | 2018-09-28 | 2021-06-04 | 胡逸民 | Double-target surface anode X-ray bulb tube |
| US11844641B2 (en) * | 2020-07-06 | 2023-12-19 | Michael Keith Fuller | Method and device for producing and using multiple origins of x-radiation |
| JP2022105848A (en) * | 2021-01-05 | 2022-07-15 | 浜松ホトニクス株式会社 | X-ray generator and X-ray imaging system |
| CN113492916A (en) * | 2021-07-29 | 2021-10-12 | 一汽解放汽车有限公司 | Rear cross beam assembly, frame assembly and vehicle |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19633860A1 (en) * | 1995-08-18 | 1997-02-20 | Ifg Inst Fuer Geraetebau Gmbh | X-ray radiation production of high intensity and varying power |
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| GB1475492A (en) | 1973-06-01 | 1977-06-01 | Emi Ltd | Apparatus for examining objects by means of penetrating radiation |
| US4321471A (en) | 1980-02-04 | 1982-03-23 | The Machlett Laboratories, Inc. | X-Ray target monitor |
| JPS585950A (en) * | 1981-07-01 | 1983-01-13 | Toshiba Corp | X-ray tube |
| FR2565451B1 (en) | 1984-05-30 | 1986-08-22 | Thomson Cgr | METHOD FOR MONITORING THE POSITION OF THE FIREPLACE OF A RADIOGENIC TUBE AND MONITORING DEVICE USING THE SAME |
| JPS62186449A (en) * | 1986-02-12 | 1987-08-14 | Rigaku Denki Kk | Rotary couple cathode x-ray tube |
| US5907592A (en) | 1995-10-31 | 1999-05-25 | Levinson; Reuven | Axially incremented projection data for spiral CT |
| US6341155B1 (en) | 2000-03-08 | 2002-01-22 | Marconi Medical Systems, Inc. | Pulse detection system for X-ray tubes |
| US6487274B2 (en) | 2001-01-29 | 2002-11-26 | Siemens Medical Solutions Usa, Inc. | X-ray target assembly and radiation therapy systems and methods |
| ATE549901T1 (en) | 2003-01-06 | 2012-03-15 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | FAST MODULATION OF A SWITCHING FOCUS X-RAY TUBE |
| JP4744992B2 (en) * | 2005-09-06 | 2011-08-10 | 株式会社東芝 | Rotating anode X-ray tube device |
| DE602006015846D1 (en) * | 2005-12-01 | 2010-09-09 | Philips Intellectual Property | X-RAY TUBES AND PROCEDURES FOR DETERMINING FUEL POINT PROPERTIES |
| ATE510297T1 (en) | 2006-10-13 | 2011-06-15 | Koninkl Philips Electronics Nv | X-RAY TUBE, X-RAY SYSTEM AND METHOD FOR GENERATING X-RAYS |
| CN101558468A (en) * | 2006-12-12 | 2009-10-14 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Device and method for X-ray tube focal spot size and position control |
| CN101689466B (en) | 2007-06-21 | 2014-06-04 | 皇家飞利浦电子股份有限公司 | Fast dose modulation using z-deflection in a rotaring anode or rotaring frame tube |
| EP2727128A1 (en) | 2011-06-30 | 2014-05-07 | Koninklijke Philips N.V. | Generation of multiple energy x-ray radiation |
-
2012
- 2012-10-24 WO PCT/IB2012/055841 patent/WO2013076598A1/en active Application Filing
- 2012-10-24 US US14/360,425 patent/US9870892B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-10-24 RU RU2014125206/07A patent/RU2014125206A/en not_active Application Discontinuation
- 2012-10-24 JP JP2014542957A patent/JP6203187B2/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-10-24 EP EP12787895.7A patent/EP2783384B1/en not_active Not-in-force
- 2012-10-24 CN CN201280057661.7A patent/CN103959423B/en not_active Expired - Fee Related
- 2012-10-24 MX MX2014006083A patent/MX2014006083A/en active IP Right Grant
-
2014
- 2014-05-16 IN IN3720CHN2014 patent/IN2014CN03720A/en unknown
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| DE19633860A1 (en) * | 1995-08-18 | 1997-02-20 | Ifg Inst Fuer Geraetebau Gmbh | X-ray radiation production of high intensity and varying power |
Also Published As
| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| EP2783384A1 (en) | 2014-10-01 |
| WO2013076598A1 (en) | 2013-05-30 |
| RU2014125206A (en) | 2015-12-27 |
| JP6203187B2 (en) | 2017-09-27 |
| MX2014006083A (en) | 2014-06-23 |
| IN2014CN03720A (en) | 2015-09-04 |
| EP2783384B1 (en) | 2019-06-19 |
| US9870892B2 (en) | 2018-01-16 |
| JP2015503190A (en) | 2015-01-29 |
| CN103959423A (en) | 2014-07-30 |
| US20140307853A1 (en) | 2014-10-16 |
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