CN103957565B - Resource allocation methods based on target SINR in distributed wireless networks - Google Patents
Resource allocation methods based on target SINR in distributed wireless networks Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
A kind of resource allocation methods in wireless distributed network.The first step, user define own target Signal to Interference plus Noise Ratio according to the communication requirement of itself.Then the jamming power in wireless environment is detected and estimated, while obtain corresponding channel gain.By this tittle, we are quantified the quality of channel.Second step, according to channel quality quantized result, the best channel of channel condition is selected, its channel quality and predefined threshold value are compared, see channel condition if appropriate for transmission.If channel condition is too poor, this data transfer is abandoned;Otherwise optimal transmission power is calculated according to the closed solutions of optimal power, in the transmission of the enterprising row data of channel.The implementation complexity of the present invention can efficiently control the interference in network than relatively low, under conditions of user's average emitted power is reduced, more effectively ensure the QoS demand of user, while reach more preferable fairness.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of wireless communication, and particularly relates to a resource allocation method based on a target SINR in a distributed wireless network.
Background
The rapid development of wireless technology makes distributed wireless networks a common networking approach. In a distributed wireless network, the resource allocation mechanism can significantly affect the performance of the network. Global optimization is often difficult to achieve due to the lack of control and guidance of the central node, which makes it difficult to obtain global information. On the other hand, since each user only cares about the performance that he or she obtains in the network, the user often tends to blindly increase his or her own transmission power in order to obtain higher throughput and shorter delay, so as to better guarantee his or her own quality of service. Obviously, if all users blindly increase their own transmit power, the interference of the network will increase significantly, eventually resulting in unacceptable performance of the whole network. Therefore, the users are guided to select the channel and control the transmitting power through an efficient resource allocation mechanism, the Co-channel interference (Co-channel interference) can be effectively inhibited, the QoS (quality of service) requirements of the users are guaranteed, and the network performance is improved.
Common resource allocation methods are mostly designed based on an optimization theory. These methods are generally of relatively high complexity. And there are additional difficulties in executing these algorithms in distributed wireless networks: the implementation of these methods generally requires obtaining information about the operating states (transmission power, channel occupation, etc.) of other users in the network, and in a distributed network, it is difficult to accurately obtain such information due to the lack of assistance from a central node. In practice, in order to execute these algorithms, an additional interaction mechanism needs to be designed, and the resource allocation algorithm can be further executed on the basis of accurate and reliable network information.
In summary, it is necessary to design an easy-to-deploy and efficient resource allocation method for a distributed wireless network.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a resource allocation method based on a target SINR in a distributed wireless network, which is simple, efficient and easy to implement.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme adopted by the invention comprises the following steps:
the first step, initializing the system parameters of the current wireless frame, the initialization method is: each user defines its own target signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR)Weight coefficient theta of cost corresponding to deviation of user from target SINRnThe user deviates from the target SINR and a weighting coefficient lambda paying the total cost of power; simultaneously initializing the power of each user on each channel to be zero;and isRepresenting pairs of usersThe method comprises the steps of collecting, wherein N represents the nth user pair, and N user pairs exist in total;
secondly, performing energy detection on the current wireless network environment to obtain the channel gain of the user in the current wireless network and the interference power of the user on each channel;
thirdly, channel quality is quantized according to channel gain and interference power of the user, and then the user selects a channel with the best channel condition as a transmission channel k according to the quantization result*;
Fourthly, indexes corresponding to the transmission channelsAnd a predefined threshold valueMake a comparison ifGiving up the transmission of the data, ending the current resource allocation, and returning to the step 1) to start the user resource allocation of the next wireless frame;
if it isThen the initialized system parameters are used to determine the channel k with the best channel conditions*Transmit power of
If transmission channel k*Transmit power ofGreater than or equal to the maximum transmission power of the userThen in the transmission channel k*Above the userMaximum transmission powerTransmitting, completing the resource allocation of the user, returning to the step 1) and starting the user resource allocation of the next wireless frame; if transmission channel k*Transmit power ofLess than the maximum transmit power of the userThen in the transmission channel k*Uplink with transmission channel k*Transmit power ofTransmitting, completing the resource allocation of the user, returning to the step 1) and starting the user resource allocation of the next wireless frame.
In the first step, according to the current transmitting power of the userObtaining the actual signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the userSignal-to-interference-and-noise ratio actually achieved by userSignal to interference plus noise ratio with targetMaking comparison if the actual signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the user is reachedGreater than or equal to target signal-to-interference-and-noise ratioThen the current transmit power of the user is maintainedTransmitting, completing resource allocation, and then returning to the step 1) to start user resource allocation of the next frame; if the actual signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the user is reachedLess than target SINRThen the second step is carried out; wherein k is the kth channel, an The channel set comprises K channels.
In the third step, the method for quantizing the quality of each channel according to the channel gain of the user and the interference power received by the user on each channel comprises:
wherein,is an index corresponding to the channel and is,is that the user detects its own interference power on channel k, N0For the noise power in a wireless network system,the channel gain from the transmitting end to the corresponding receiving end is carried out for the nth user;
the user selects the channel k with the best channel condition according to the quantization result*The method comprises the following steps: selecting the index corresponding to the channelThe smallest channel being the transmission channel k*。
The predefined threshold valueThe method comprises the following steps:
determining the channel k with the best channel conditions*The method of transmitting power is
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
according to the invention, a distributed network is modeled by using a non-cooperative game method, each user can independently carry out resource allocation according to the self-obtained external environment information without external guidance and intervention so as to achieve the purpose of no need of central control, and the realization complexity is lower; and whether the transmission is carried out or not and the optimal transmitting power is determined to be transmitted can be determined by judging the actual channel condition, so that the condition that the transmitting power of the nodes in the distributed network is increased blindly is avoided, and the network has good performance under different interference conditions. The invention does not need the cooperation among the nodes, is easy to realize, effectively controls the co-channel interference and improves the network performance and the user experience. In addition, the resource allocation in the invention is guided by the target signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the user, can well control the interference in the network, and furthest ensures the actual QoS requirement of the user under the condition of reducing the average transmitting power of the user. Meanwhile, the transmitting power is selected according to the actual channel condition, co-channel interference in the network is effectively controlled, and higher spectrum efficiency is realized by using lower power.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the implementation of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a graph of the probability that the user system guarantees the user target SINR in the wireless network varies with the number of users;
FIG. 3 is a plot of average transmit power of users over the number of users in a wireless network;
FIG. 4 is a plot of user fairness index versus number of users in a wireless network;
FIG. 5 is a plot of system throughput as a function of number of users in a wireless network;
in fig. 2-5, a is the scheme of the present invention, b is the scheme of target SINR tracking, c is the opportunistic power control scheme, and d is the resource allocation scheme based on power pricing.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to fig. 1, the invention builds a resource allocation method of a wireless distributed network based on modeling of a non-cooperative game, and all users need to perform the resource allocation of the invention under the method until the resource allocation of all users reaches a stable state.
The basic network scenario of the wireless network to which the resource allocation method based on the target SINR in the distributed wireless network provided by the present invention is applicable is assumed as follows:
in a wireless environment, with N user pairs,is the number of the same,representing a set of user pairs; similarly, there are K non-overlapping channels, numbered For a set of channels, each channel has a bandwidth of B0。Represents the transmit power of the nth user pair on the kth channel, obviously ifIf it is not zero, it indicates that it uses the k-th channel, otherwise it does not use the channel, and each user has its own maximum transmission powerAt the same time, the channel gainThe channel gain of the nth user pair from the transmitting end to the corresponding receiving end is described, and the value can be obtained by measuring the power of the pilot signal in the communication process of the user pair. In a similar manner to that described above,the channel gain of the interfering signal is described for the transmitter of the mth user pair, to the receiver of the nth user pair. Noise power in a wireless network system is denoted as N0. Each user in the wireless network sets a target signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio according to the communication requirement of the user, under the condition of the signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio, the user can well meet the communication requirement of the user, and the target signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio is recorded asThe actual SINR obtained by the user is recorded asMeanwhile, the weighted sum of the power paid by the user and the square of the difference between the achieved signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio and the target is defined as the weight coefficient of the cost paid by the user, and is recorded as thetanOn the other hand, the weighted sum of the rate and the cost is defined as a weighting coefficient of the utility of the user, and is denoted by λ.
The basic idea of the invention is that the allocation of resources within each radio frame is performed in an iterative manner until convergence. In each resource allocation, one user transmits using at most one channel at a time. And (5) assuming that the resource allocation is carried out when the current radio frame time is t. Each user independently performs the following steps:
firstly, initializing system parameters of a current wireless frame, determining a target signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of a user according to communication requirements of the user and a weighting coefficient according to a target of the user, further performing energy detection on the current wireless environment, and obtaining interference power and channel gain in the current wireless environment. And secondly, selecting a channel and determining the transmitting power according to the communication target and the obtained channel condition.
The first step, initializing the system parameters of the current wireless frame:
each user defines its own target SINRWeight coefficient theta of cost corresponding to deviation of user from target SINRnAnd a weight coefficient lambda of the user deviating from the target SINR and paying the total cost of the power, and determining the utility function of the user according to the weight coefficient lambdaIs defined asWherein,is the rate at which the user is arriving,is the actual signal to interference plus noise ratio achieved by the user. In practice, the following optimization objectives are established according to the utility function
The above optimization problem is a joint optimization problem of channel selection and power allocation. But for operability it is done sequentially, i.e. channel selection is done first and then power is determined. It can be shown that the results obtained by such sequential operations are also optimal given the definition of the utility function.
From this, a set of constants is calculated, respectivelyAnd c3=8θnλ0To facilitate subsequent calculation and to initialize the power of the user to zero on each channel.
If the transmitting power on the current channel meets the requirement of the target signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio, the current channel is left, the current transmitting power is kept for transmission, and the resource allocation is finished; otherwise, the second step is entered. Specifically, the method for determining that the transmission power on the current channel has satisfied the target signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio requirement is as follows:
according to the current transmitting power of the userObtaining the actual signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the userSignal-to-interference-and-noise ratio actually achieved by userSignal to interference plus noise ratio with targetMaking comparison if the actual signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the user is reachedGreater than or equal to target signal-to-interference-and-noise ratioThen the transmitting power on the current channel already meets the requirement of the target signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio, and then the step 1) is returned to start the user resource allocation of the next frame; if the actual signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the user is reachedLess than target SINRThe transmit power on the current channel cannot meet the target signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio requirement.
Secondly, performing energy detection on the current wireless network environment to obtain the channel gain of the user in the current wireless network and the interference power of the user on each channel; the interference power can be obtained by detecting the energy of the channelAnd the channel gain can be measured by the measuring guideCalculating the mode of receiving power of the frequency signal;
wherein,transmitting power on the kth channel for the mth user;
thirdly, quantizing the quality of each channel according to the channel gain of the user and the interference power of the user on each channel, and then selecting the channel k with the best channel condition according to the quality quantization result*The specific method comprises the following steps:
firstly, the channel gain of the user and the interference power of the user on the channel are used for calculation to obtain the quantization index of the channel quality, and the calculation formula is as follows
Wherein,is an index corresponding to the channel and is,is that the user detects its own interference power on channel k, N0For the noise power in a wireless network system,the channel gain from the originating end to the corresponding receiving end is given to the nth user.
Secondly, a quantization process is performed on all channels, and the user selects a channel with the best channel condition as a transmission channel k according to the quantization result*I.e. selecting the corresponding index in each channelThe smallest channel being the transmission channel k*Then, then
Step four, transmitting channel k*Corresponding indexAnd a predefined threshold valueMake a comparison ifIndicates the current transmission channel k*The transmission requirement can not be met, the data transmission is abandoned, namely the transmitting power is set to be zero,ending the current resource allocation, returning to the step 1) and starting the user resource allocation of the next wireless frame; wherein,is used to see if the channel conditions are within acceptable ranges.
If it isIndicates the current transmission channel k*Is acceptable, and the transmission channel k is determined using the initialized system parameters*Transmit power ofThe determination formula is as follows:
at the same time, the maximum power limit of the current radio frame of the user is also considered, if the transmission channel k*Transmit power ofGreater than or equal to the maximum transmission power of the userThen in the transmission channel k*Maximum transmission power of upper frequency userTransmitting, completing the resource allocation of the user, returning to the step 1) and starting the user resource allocation of the next wireless frame; if transmission channel k*Transmit power ofLess than the maximum transmit power of the userThen in the transmission channel k*Uplink with transmission channel k*Transmit power ofTransmitting, completing the resource allocation of the user, returning to the step 1) and starting the user resource allocation of the next wireless frame.
In order to prove that the method obtained by the invention is really feasible and effective, the situation that the resource allocation scheme provided by the invention is compared with the traditional method is given through simulation.
Curves a-d in fig. 2 compare the user target SINR guarantee under the correlation scheme. Compared with other traditional methods, the scheme of the invention can obviously improve the probability of meeting the target SINR of the user. In an actual scene, the target SINR greatly reflects the service quality of the user, so that the scheme of the present invention can provide better and more reliable service quality for the user.
Curves a-d in fig. 3 compare the average transmit power of users in the correlation scheme. As can be seen from fig. 2, the scheme of the present invention requires lower transmit power than other schemes on the premise of better ensuring the target SINR of the user. The inventive scheme is thus a very efficient power control scheme.
The curves a-d in fig. 4 compare the fairness of the user rates in the network under the correlation scheme. In a distributed network environment, guaranteeing fairness helps to prevent some selfish users from causing serious interference to other users in order to excessively pursue maximization of self rate, and therefore user experience of the whole network is improved. From the simulation result, compared with the traditional scheme, the scheme of the invention provides obviously better network fairness.
The curves a-d in fig. 5 compare the throughput of the whole network under the correlation scheme. In combination with the results of fig. 2-4, the scheme of the present invention provides more effective service quality guarantee and fairness for users through a more efficient resource allocation method, and at the same time, the scheme of the present invention can achieve better system throughput.
Claims (3)
1. The resource allocation method based on the target SINR in the distributed wireless network is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the first step, initializing the system parameters of the current wireless frame, the initialization method is: each user defines its own target signal to interference plus noise ratio (SINR)Weight coefficient theta of cost corresponding to deviation of user from target SINRnUser deviation from target SINR and total penalty in powerA weight coefficient λ; simultaneously initializing the power of each user on each channel to be zero;and isRepresenting a set of user pairs, N representing the nth user pair, and N user pairs in total;
secondly, performing energy detection on the current wireless network environment to obtain the channel gain of the user in the current wireless network and the interference power of the user on each channel;
thirdly, channel quality is quantized according to channel gain and interference power of the user, and then the user selects a channel with the best channel condition as a transmission channel k according to the quantization result*;
The method for quantizing the quality of each channel according to the channel gain of the user and the interference power of the user on each channel comprises the following steps:
<mrow> <msubsup> <mi>&beta;</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>=</mo> <mfrac> <mrow> <msubsup> <mi>I</mi> <mi>n</mi> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> <mo>+</mo> <msub> <mi>N</mi> <mn>0</mn> </msub> </mrow> <msubsup> <mi>g</mi> <mrow> <mi>n</mi> <mi>n</mi> </mrow> <mrow> <mo>(</mo> <mi>k</mi> <mo>)</mo> </mrow> </msubsup> </mfrac> </mrow>
wherein,is an index corresponding to the channel and is,is that the user detects its own interference power on channel k, N0For the noise power in a wireless network system,the channel gain from the transmitting end to the corresponding receiving end is carried out for the nth user;
the user selects the channel k with the best channel condition according to the quantization result*The method comprises the following steps: selecting corresponding indexes in each channelThe smallest channel being the transmission channel k*;
Fourthly, indexes corresponding to the transmission channelsAnd a predefined threshold valueMake a comparison ifGiving up the transmission of the data, ending the current resource allocation, and returning to the step 1) to start the user resource allocation of the next wireless frame;
if it isThen the initialized system parameters are used to determine the channel k with the best channel conditions*Transmit power ofDetermining the channel k with the best channel conditions*The method of transmitting power is
Bandwidth of each channel is B0(ii) a If transmission channel k*Transmit power ofGreater than or equal to the maximum transmission power of the userThen in the transmission channel k*Maximum transmission power of upper frequency userTransmitting, completing the resource allocation of the user, returning to the step 1) and starting the user resource allocation of the next wireless frame; if transmission channel k*Transmit power ofLess than the maximum transmit power of the userThen in the transmission channel k*Uplink with transmission channel k*Transmit power ofTransmitting, completing the resource allocation of the user, returning to the step 1) and starting the user resource allocation of the next wireless frame.
2. The method of claim 1, wherein the method for resource allocation based on target SINR in a distributed wireless network comprises: in the first step, according to the current transmitting power of the userObtaining the actual signal interference of the userNoise ratioSignal-to-interference-and-noise ratio actually achieved by userSignal to interference plus noise ratio with targetMaking comparison if the actual signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the user is reachedGreater than or equal to target signal-to-interference-and-noise ratioThen the current transmit power of the user is maintainedTransmitting, completing resource allocation, and then returning to the step 1) to start user resource allocation of the next frame; if the actual signal-to-interference-and-noise ratio of the user is reachedLess than target SINRThen the second step is carried out; wherein k is the kth channel, an The channel set comprises K channels.
3. The distributed wireless network of claim 1, wherein the target SINR is based onMethod for allocating resources, characterized in that said predefined threshold valueThe method comprises the following steps:bandwidth of each channel is B0。
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