CN103953349A - Test method for tunnel model with duct piece connectors with rigidity in controllable changes - Google Patents
Test method for tunnel model with duct piece connectors with rigidity in controllable changes Download PDFInfo
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- CN103953349A CN103953349A CN201410169143.5A CN201410169143A CN103953349A CN 103953349 A CN103953349 A CN 103953349A CN 201410169143 A CN201410169143 A CN 201410169143A CN 103953349 A CN103953349 A CN 103953349A
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Abstract
The invention relates to a test method for a tunnel model with duct piece connectors with rigidity in controllable changes. The method comprises the following steps: (A) making a model: embedding an electromagnetic iron (2) at the connector end of a model tunnel duct piece (1); (B) arranging and initialization of instruments: arranging strain gauges (3) or displacement meters on the side surface of the connector end of the model tunnel duct piece (1), and energizing a set initial current to the electromagnetic iron (2) so that the magnetic force of the electromagnetic iron simulates the initial rigidity of the connector; (C) loading test: calculating the current calculating value of the corresponding electromagnetic iron according to the load of each stage and the measured displacement value, changing the current value of the electromagnetic iron during loading of the next stage into the current calculating value, and simulating the rigidity of the duct piece connector of each stage. When the method is used for testing, the rigidity of the duct piece connector can be correspondingly changed along with the change of the load, which better conforms to the mechanical behavior of the tunnel duct piece connector in actual projects; the test data are more accurate and reliable, and an accurate and reliable test basis can be provided for the design, the construction and the maintenance of tunnel projects.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of tunnel model test method of duct piece connector rigidity controllable variations.
Background technology
In construction of tunnel, the prototype stock size of Practical Project and structure is more greatly and comparatively complicated, and its mechanical property and force-mechanism often cannot be by directly studying and obtain structure.And must adopt model testing, that is: by means of model, test according to the principle of similitude and similarity criterion, thereby obtain every data and the performance of structure, for design and the construction in tunnel provide test basis.Shield tunnel uses section of jurisdiction to be spliced, and has joint between section of jurisdiction, and the connected mode of duct piece connector has multiple, conventionally adopt have screwed joint, without connector joint, inserted sleeve, pin plug type joint.Due to its design feature, the effect of duct piece connector in total is most important, no matter be from macroscopical computation model, or the microtexture of duct piece connector, structural form, distortion and the stress state etc. at duct piece connector place all have typical nonlinear characteristic.And the mechanical properties such as the rigidity at duct piece connector place change, the contact relation of meeting butt joint place, the load of structural entity, produce material impact, particularly, in the time that load reaches structural instability critical condition, tunnel structure entirety stress and distortion are had to very large impact.Therefore in test, should consider the variation of the mechanical property of duct piece connector, truly to reflect real work situation.
In tunnel model test, the method for simulative tube strip terminal rigidity has two classes at present:
First kind method is the model to being made by synthetic materialss such as polyethylene pipes (PE pipe), after the likelihood ratio is calculated, simulates with screw+thin plastic sheet (PE sheet) butt joint.The material and the mechanical performance of concrete that in the method, adopt differ greatly, adopting the fixing method of screw+PE sheet is not the connected mode of actual joint, screw hole has also weakened integrally-built rigidity, cause that stress is concentrated, although the arrangement of its joint can be adjusted, but its force-mechanism, from actual different, can not truly reflect the mechanical property of joint.
Equations of The Second Kind method is the model to being made by cementitious material such as gypsum, adopt the mode of cutting groove weakening cross section in tunnel lining structure tensile region, corresponding to the required opening degree of depth of the each joint of specific load case, before test, carry out the groove that cuts of respective depth by calculative determination.But because the degree of depth of cutting groove can not, in test with factors vary such as loads, therefore can not truly reflect the variation of duct piece connector mechanical characteristic in tunnel excavation and operation process.
And the rigidity of duct piece connector in Practical Project is along with the variation of the external environment conditions such as load changes, therefore, in above method for the simulation of joint stiffness, can only be for the specific a kind of stress of duct piece connector, the mechanical properties such as the rigidity of its experiment can not change with other factors such as loads in process of the test, be not inconsistent with the mechanical behavior of tunnel joint in Practical Project, cause the error of result of the test of these model test methods large, reliability is low, can not provide accurately for the design of construction of tunnel, construction and maintenance, reliable test basis.Because duct piece connector rigidity is fixed, the analogy method of existing joint can not be studied the distortion of duct piece connector rigidity on tunnel structure entirety and the impact of stress simultaneously.
Summary of the invention
The object of this invention is to provide a kind of tunnel model test method of duct piece connector rigidity controllable variations, the rigidity of the method duct piece connector in tunnel model test process can be with the variation of load respective change, the mechanical behavior of tunnel duct piece joint in more realistic engineering, thereby its experimental test data more accurately, reliably, can provide accurately for the design of construction of tunnel, construction and maintenance, reliable test basis.
The technical solution adopted for the present invention to solve the technical problems is, a kind of tunnel model test method of duct piece connector rigidity controllable variations, and its practice is:
A, analogue formation are produced the model tunnel duct piece of separation, and at the pre-buried electromagnet of tip side of model tunnel duct piece, and the contraposition of model tunnel duct piece are combined into model tunnel with mould;
B, instrument layout and initialization are at side arrangement foil gauge or the displacement meter of the tip side of model tunnel duct piece; Pass to the initial current of setting to electromagnet, make the magnetic force simulation section of jurisdiction initial stiffness of head indirectly of electromagnet;
C, load test
Model tunnel is loaded step by step; The strain value or the displacement that after every grade of loading, record according to the load loading and foil gauge or displacement meter, calculate the internal force of model tunnel duct piece tip side, obtains this stage current value of the electromagnet of duct piece connector rigidity corresponding to this stage; Then pass to the electric current of this stage current value by power supply to electromagnet, to simulate model tunnel duct piece joint in the rigidity in this stage, then carry out the loading of next stage, destroy until loaded progression or the shield tunnel model of setting.
Compared with prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects as follows:
1, tunnel structure joint stiffness in existing test is immobilized and changes the respective change with loads change into, calculate corresponding electromagnet current calculated value according to the load of every one-phase and the shift value recording, by the current value change in electromagnet is become to Current calculation value, and simulate the rigidity of the duct piece connector in this stage.Thereby more accurately simulate truly the nonlinear change of tunnel lining structure joint stiffness in Practical Project, the mechanical behavior of tunnel joint in more realistic engineering, thereby its experimental test data more accurately, reliably, can provide accurately for the design of construction of tunnel, construction and maintenance, reliable test basis.
2, the inventive method can be passed through Equivalent Calculation result, the rigidity of butt joint is quantitatively controlled, thereby both can obtain by experiment the mechanical behavior of duct piece connector under different external condition and destroy form, also can obtain by experiment under respective tube strip terminal rigidity condition, the mechanical behavior of whole tunnel structure under other external conditions and destruction form, the impact of convenient research tunnel structure joint stiffness on integrally-built distortion and stress.
The pre-buried electromagnet of tip side of above-mentioned model tunnel duct piece is multilayer, and the electromagnet in every layer is multiple.
Adopt multiple multilayer electromagnet to carry out the rigidity control of duct piece connector, can simulate better the different stressing conditions of actual tunnel duct piece connector place each several part, thereby reflect the real working condition of duct piece connector in test better.
Below in conjunction with the drawings and specific embodiments, the present invention is described in further detail.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the simulative tube strip terminal of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is the stress schematic diagram of actual duct piece connector.
Fig. 3 is the stress schematic diagram of the simulative tube strip terminal of the embodiment of the present invention.
Fig. 4 is the mechanics characteristic curve of the simulative tube strip terminal of the embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed description of the invention
Embodiment
Fig. 1 illustrates, a kind of detailed description of the invention of the present invention is, a kind of tunnel model test method of duct piece connector rigidity controllable variations, and its practice is:
A, analogue formation are produced the model tunnel duct piece 1 of separation, and at the pre-buried electromagnet 2 of tip side of model tunnel duct piece 1, and 1 contraposition of model tunnel duct piece are combined into model tunnel with mould;
B, instrument layout and initialization are at side arrangement foil gauge 3 or the displacement meter of the tip side of model tunnel duct piece 1; Pass to the initial current of setting to electromagnet 2, make the magnetic force simulation section of jurisdiction initial stiffness of head indirectly of electromagnet;
C, load test
Model tunnel is loaded step by step; The strain value or the displacement that after every grade of loading, record according to the load loading and foil gauge 3 or displacement meter, calculate the internal force of model tunnel duct piece 1 tip side, obtains this stage current value of the electromagnet 2 of duct piece connector rigidity corresponding to this stage; Then pass to the electric current of this stage current value by power supply to electromagnet 2, to simulate model tunnel duct piece 1 joint in the rigidity in this stage, then carry out the loading of next stage, destroy until loaded progression or the shield tunnel model of setting.
The pre-buried electromagnet 2 of tip side of this routine model tunnel duct piece 1 is multilayer, and the electromagnet 2 in every layer is multiple.
In the present invention, the computational methods of the corresponding current value of simulative tube strip terminal rigidity are as follows:
According to the actual forced status of duct piece connector, as shown in Figure 2, defined by duct piece connector bending rigidity:
1. in formula, θ is joint opening angle, is recorded by testing equipment; M is the couple that acts on joint.
Due to the stressed complexity in joint, to simulate to arrange electromagnet in test more, its stress as shown in Figure 3, has:
M＝∑F
ih
i ②
2. h in formula
ifor each row's electromagnet is to the distance of pressure zone point of resultant force; F
ifor the suction size of each row's electromagnet, by Current Control, its design formulas is carried out calculative determination according to following empirical formula:
3. in formula, N is the magnet spool number of turn, and I is electromagnet electrical current, μ
0for air unit permeance, when calculating, be taken as 1.25 × 10
-8h/cm; S is the magnetic pole surfaces gross area; K
ffor magnetic leakage factor, change according to used electromagnet is different, general being similar to is taken as 3.5-4, can determine by the suction measurement of electromagnet; δ is gas length, is determined by the parameter of electromagnet.
Required electromagnet suction F
isize be the mechanics characteristic curve F=f (M according to existing duct piece connector
i, N
i), according to determining after principle of similitude bi-directional scaling, as shown in Figure 4.
As known from the above, simultaneous 1., 2., 3. formula, can try to achieve the equivalent stiffness of joint and the relation of electromagnet electrical current, just can draw according to the internal force and the deflection that record in real time in this principle and test the electric current that electromagnet need to be supplied with.
Claims (2)
1. a tunnel model test method for duct piece connector rigidity controllable variations, its practice is:
A, analogue formation
Produce the model tunnel duct piece (1) of separation, and at the pre-buried electromagnet of tip side (2) of model tunnel duct piece (1), and model tunnel duct piece (1) contraposition is combined into model tunnel with mould;
B, instrument layout and initialization
At side arrangement foil gauge (3) or the displacement meter of the tip side of model tunnel duct piece (1); Pass to the initial current of setting to electromagnet (2), make the magnetic force simulation section of jurisdiction initial stiffness of head indirectly of electromagnet;
C, load test
Model tunnel is loaded step by step; The strain value or the displacement that after every grade of loading, record according to the load loading and foil gauge (3) or displacement meter, calculate the internal force of model tunnel duct piece (1) tip side, obtain this stage current value of the electromagnet (2) of duct piece connector rigidity corresponding to this stage; Then pass to the electric current of this stage current value to electromagnet (2) by power supply, to simulate the rigidity of model tunnel duct piece (1) joint in this stage, then carry out the loading of next stage, destroy until loaded progression or the shield tunnel model of setting.
2. the tunnel model test method of a kind of duct piece connector rigidity controllable variations according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: the pre-buried electromagnet (2) of the tip side of described model tunnel duct piece (1) is multilayer, the electromagnet (2) in every layer is multiple.
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| CN105510381A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-04-20 | 北京交通大学 | Fire passing testing method of shield tunnel segment lining connector |
| CN106321115A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-01-11 | 苏州大学 | Shielded tunnel structure model construction method |
| CN106441758A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-22 | 上海长江隧桥建设发展有限公司 | Multi-scale model design method for shield tunnel vibration test bench |
| CN106948835A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-07-14 | 天津大学 | A kind of tunnel model preparation method for shield model test |
| CN107036763A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-08-11 | 同济大学 | The test method of shield duct piece joint percolating water |
| CN110823492A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-21 | 中国交通建设股份有限公司 | Test device and test method for suspension tube excitation test |
| CN110909406A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-03-24 | 西南交通大学 | Shield tunnel internal force calculation method based on simulation joint model |
| CN111044370A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-21 | 上海市基础工程集团有限公司 | Mechanical property test method for duct piece joint |
| CN113008493A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-06-22 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Pipe piece model vibration test device |
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Cited By (14)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105510381A (en) * | 2016-01-21 | 2016-04-20 | 北京交通大学 | Fire passing testing method of shield tunnel segment lining connector |
| CN106441758A (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2017-02-22 | 上海长江隧桥建设发展有限公司 | Multi-scale model design method for shield tunnel vibration test bench |
| CN106441758B (en) * | 2016-08-31 | 2018-10-30 | 上海长江隧桥建设发展有限公司 | A kind of multiple dimensioned design methods for shield tunnel vibration mechine |
| CN106321115A (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2017-01-11 | 苏州大学 | Shielded tunnel structure model construction method |
| CN106321115B (en) * | 2016-11-08 | 2018-09-25 | 苏州大学 | A kind of shield tunnel construction model construction method |
| CN107036763B (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2019-01-25 | 同济大学 | The test method of shield duct piece connector percolating water |
| CN107036763A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-08-11 | 同济大学 | The test method of shield duct piece joint percolating water |
| CN106948835A (en) * | 2017-04-21 | 2017-07-14 | 天津大学 | A kind of tunnel model preparation method for shield model test |
| CN110823492A (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2020-02-21 | 中国交通建设股份有限公司 | Test device and test method for suspension tube excitation test |
| CN110823492B (en) * | 2019-11-19 | 2021-08-17 | 中国交通建设股份有限公司 | Test device and test method for suspension tube excitation test |
| CN110909406A (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2020-03-24 | 西南交通大学 | Shield tunnel internal force calculation method based on simulation joint model |
| CN110909406B (en) * | 2019-11-20 | 2022-08-30 | 西南交通大学 | Shield tunnel internal force calculation method based on simulation joint model |
| CN111044370A (en) * | 2019-12-19 | 2020-04-21 | 上海市基础工程集团有限公司 | Mechanical property test method for duct piece joint |
| CN113008493A (en) * | 2020-12-30 | 2021-06-22 | 中国矿业大学(北京) | Pipe piece model vibration test device |
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