CN103953098A - Pipe network loss monitoring method - Google Patents
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- CN103953098A CN103953098A CN201410163166.5A CN201410163166A CN103953098A CN 103953098 A CN103953098 A CN 103953098A CN 201410163166 A CN201410163166 A CN 201410163166A CN 103953098 A CN103953098 A CN 103953098A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pipe network loss monitoring method. The method comprises the steps of constructing a DMA (direct memory access); performing real-time and continuous monitoring and recording flow data at a pipe network area to be monitored; recording alarming information of an acoustic loss detection device in real time; extracting minimum flow of every night and constructing a flow-time curve of the minimum flow of the night; judging whether loss exists or not; if not, continuing collecting the flow data and alarming information; if yes, searching for and confirming a loss point; weighing cost and profit of repairing the loss point, and determining whether the loss point needs to be repaired or not; if not, continuing collecting the flow data and alarming information; if yes, completing the repair of the loss point and continuing collecting the flow data and alarming information. According to the pipe network loss monitoring method, the defect that loss amount cannot be determined by a method based on acoustic signal monitoring and the defect that a loss location is difficult to determine by a method based on flow monitoring can be specifically overcome, and loss monitoring efficiency is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the dropout detection technical field of water supply network, refer to especially a kind of pipe network leakage monitoring method.
Background technology
Water supply network leakage is a global problem, and according to bibliographical information, the average pipe network leak rate in the whole world (water yield of missing from pipe network is divided by supplying water inventory) is 35% at present.Therefore, for saving water resource, realize sustainable development, must reduce pipe network leakage.The reason that pipe network leakage occurs has a lot, as pipe main body breakage, pipeline junction is damaged, conduit fittings (lock, valve, hydrant etc.) leaks etc.Reduce pipe network leakage, position and size that leakage occurs must be detected, to process accordingly, for example, breaking point reparation, pipeline section renewal, member replacing etc.
At present the active leakage monitoring method of main flow has two kinds of method based on acoustic signal monitoring and the methods based on flow monitoring.
(1) method based on acoustic signal monitoring
When pipe network leakage exists, due to the friction of current and tube wall, can produce acoustic signal, the method based on acoustic signal monitoring is by the monitoring of these acoustic signals and then discovery pipe network are missed.This method is called again audition leak detecting, is a kind of of initiatively leak detecting, refers to that the mode of pipeline being carried out to " auscultation " by workman or instrument finds the method for leakage.This method is that workman listens to water flow in pipeline sound by listening clave to link on pipeline structure (gate valve, fire plug etc.) or ground, pipeline top at first.Experienced workman can judge and have or not leakage according to the sound of hearing, and the Position Approximate of leakage.Obvious this method has proposed very high requirement to workman's ability and experience.Except manually listening leakage, can also be for automatic capturing and record ducted current sound with leakage measuring instrument by sonic, then by built-in program, judge that corresponding pipeline has or not leakage, and alarm signal occurs.The appearance of leakage measuring instrument by sonic has improved the efficiency of audition leak detecting greatly.
Along with the progressively development of plant and instrument, the appearance of correlator has improved again the precision of audition leak detecting greatly.Two probe placement are collected to the voice signal leaking on tube wall, according to the intensity magnitude relationship of two signals, and the parameter such as tubing, caliber, two probe distances, correlator can draw the exact position of leakage points.
But the shortcoming of the method based on acoustic signal monitoring is, no matter is manually to listen leak or catch voice signal with electronic instrument, all can only judge whether to have leakage, and can not judge the size of leakage.Because the sound that leakage is sent is not directly proportional to the size of leakage, is sometimes on the contrary negative correlativing relation, i.e. leakage is larger, and sound is less.So, detect in this way after leakage, cannot judge whether this leakage is necessary to carry out trenchless rehabilitation.
(2) leakage monitoring method based on flow monitoring
Flow meter is installed to on one of them valve of being connected of the external world in leak detection target area, and close other all valves in addition, water supply volume hour, just can be judged in this region and be had or not leakage by flow meter at dead of night.If had, by valve-off, further dwindle regional extent, until be contracted to pipeline section scope.If field condition does not allow only to open a valve, can stay a water inlet and a delivery port, and at this two place, flow meter is installed.The reading of taking into account user's water meter in community by two flows judges in this region and has or not leakage.
The shortcoming of the method based on flow monitoring is, by progressively dwindling the method for surveyed area, can finally find the position of leakage points and the size of wastage, but this method, working strength is very large, often need to carry out at dead of night, and open and close continually some valves in a region, can cause current in pipeline frequently to change, pipe scale is come off, bring water quality deterioration risk.
Summary of the invention
In view of this, the object of the invention is to propose a kind of pipe network leakage monitoring method, the method that can make up targetedly based on acoustic signal monitoring cannot be determined the shortcoming of wastage size and the shortcoming that the method based on flow monitoring is difficult to determine leak position, improves leakage loss monitoring efficiency.
Based on above-mentioned purpose pipe network leakage monitoring method provided by the invention, comprising:
Pipe network region to be monitored is configured to a DMA;
In described DMA entrance, be arranged on linear flow rate detector, the data on flows in pipe network to be monitored region is monitored and recorded to real-time continuous;
In pipe network to be monitored region, lay some acoustics leakage survey meters, and the warning message of real time record acoustics leakage survey meter;
From the data on flows of collecting, extract minimum discharge build the flow-time graph of minimum discharge at night at night every day;
In conjunction with night minimum discharge flow-time graph and the warning message of acoustics leakage survey meter, judge whether to exist leakage;
If not, continue to collect data on flows and warning message;
If so, search and confirm leakage points;
The cost absorbing and benefit that balance leakage points is repaired, and determine whether to repair this leakage points;
If not, continue to collect data on flows and warning message;
If so, completing this leakage points repairs and continues to collect data on flows and warning message.
In some embodiments, the described step that pipe network region to be monitored is configured to a DMA comprises:
Pipe network region to be monitored is isolated by method and other pipeline of closure of border valve, only stay an entrance to communicate with extraneous pipe network, thereby be configured to a DMA; The scale scope of this DMA is 2000～8000 water users.
In some embodiments, the described acoustics of laying in pipe network to be monitored region is missed in the step of survey meter, and the method for laying acoustics leakage survey meter is:
The pipeline that is 75mm～200mm for diameter, acoustics leakage recorder is laid distance between 150m～200m; The pipeline that is 200mm～400mm for diameter, acoustics leakage recorder is laid distance between 100m～150m; For diameter, be pipeline more than 400mm, acoustics leakage recorder is laid distance between 60m～100m;
Wherein, definite principle that acoustics leakage recorder cloth is set up an office is: be preferentially chosen on pipeline ancillary structure and lay, described ancillary structure comprises manhole, fire plug, exhaust valve, valve, gate.
In some embodiments, the warning message of the flow-time graph of described combination minimum discharge at night and acoustics leakage survey meter, judges whether to exist the step of leakage to comprise:
If this flow-time graph is fluctuation up and down near certain value, is normal;
If one day, night minimum flow increased suddenly, but level between falling back to again in next day or several days is also normal;
If one day, night minimum flow increased suddenly, and continue to maintain a few days in a higher level and do not fall after rise, think new leakage has occurred;
Meanwhile, if some or a plurality of acoustics continues in leakage nearly 5-7 day of survey meter to report to the police as leakage, think new leakage has occurred.
In some embodiments, described in, search and confirm that the step of leakage points comprises:
If certain acoustics continues in leakage nearly 5-7 day of survey meter to report to the police for leakage, this acoustics leakage survey meter position is listed in to doubtful leakage points, and in doubtful leakage points place manual confirmation leakage points;
If all acoustics leakage survey meters all send leakage and report to the police, manually investigate, search and confirm leakage points.
In some embodiments, the step of the cost absorbing and benefit of described balance leakage points reparation comprises:
Other problem and local policy factor that integrated economics factor, leakage may cause are weighed the cost absorbing and benefit that leakage points is repaired;
Wherein, described economic factor comprises the cost that excavation, maintenance, landfill, the water leakage of reparation leakage produce, and described other problems comprises quality problem and ground problem, and whether described policy factor comprises has mandatory provisions to the control of leak rate.
As can be seen from above, pipe network leakage monitoring method provided by the invention, by the method in conjunction with flow monitoring and acoustics signal monitoring, the method making up based on acoustic signal monitoring cannot be determined the shortcoming of wastage size and the shortcoming that the method based on flow monitoring is difficult to determine leak position, improves leakage loss monitoring efficiency.
Further, by first analyzing flow, be determined with without leakage, the acoustic signal that analysis leakage survey meter is caught is again judged leak position, if be determined with leakage by flow, further analyze the RST of leakage survey meter, if judge without leakage by flow, without the signal of analyzing leakage survey meter; Thereby saved monitoring step, improved detection efficiency.
Preferably, in flow analysis, adopt night minimum discharge or night average discharge carry out, and be aided with Moving Average and be determined with without new leakage and occur; Be determined with while occurring without new leakage according to being, whether flow has unexpected rising and falling, if without rising, without newly missing; If fall back to the level before rising in short-term (several days) after raising, without new leakage; If do not fall back to the level before rising after raising, have new leakage; Thereby Accurate Analysis leakage generation.Aspect leakage acoustic signal analysis, whether the method for (as the 5 days) continuous alarm that adopts many days has leakage to occur near judging relevant position, thereby has overcome the high shortcoming of acoustic monitoring rate of false alarm.
Further, before repairing leakage, by balance income, comprise consider to repair leakage the economic factors such as excavation, maintenance, landfill, water leakage, consider the problems such as water quality, ground that leakage may cause sink, and local policy factor, thereby saved leakage rehabilitation cost.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the schematic flow sheet of an embodiment of pipe network leakage monitoring method provided by the invention;
Fig. 2 is pipe network and the flow meter of laying and the structural representation of leakage survey meter in pipe network leakage monitoring method embodiment provided by the invention;
Fig. 3 is that in pipe network leakage monitoring method embodiment provided by the invention, flow meter monitors night every day the Moving Average on the 5th that minimum discharge line is drawn schematic diagram.
The specific embodiment
For making the object, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention clearer, below in conjunction with specific embodiment, and with reference to accompanying drawing, the present invention is described in more detail.
With reference to accompanying drawing 1, it is the schematic flow sheet of an embodiment of pipe network leakage monitoring method provided by the invention.
Described pipe network leakage monitoring method, comprising:
Step 101: pipe network region to be monitored is configured to a DMA(District Metering Area, independent metering region);
Step 102: be arranged on linear flow rate detector in described DMA entrance, the data on flows in pipe network to be monitored region is monitored and recorded to real-time continuous;
Step 103: in pipe network to be monitored region, lay some acoustics leakage survey meters, and the warning message of real time record acoustics leakage survey meter;
Step 104: from the data on flows of collecting, extract minimum discharge at night every day (generally occur in 2:00 AM to 4 between) and build the flow-time graph of minimum discharge at night;
Step 105: in conjunction with night minimum discharge flow-time graph and the warning message of acoustics leakage survey meter, judge whether to exist leakage;
If not, forward step 102 to: continue to collect data on flows and warning message;
If so, forward step 106 to: search and confirm leakage points;
Step 107: the cost absorbing and benefit that balance leakage points is repaired, and determine whether to repair this leakage points;
If not, forward step 102 to: continue to collect data on flows and warning message;
If so, forward step 108 to: complete this leakage points reparation, and return to step 102: continue to collect data on flows and warning message.
Further, described a kind of concrete methods of realizing that pipe network region to be monitored is configured to the step 101 of a DMA can comprise:
Pipe network region to be monitored is isolated by method and other pipeline of closure of border valve, only stay an entrance to communicate with extraneous pipe network, thereby be configured to a DMA; The scale scope of this DMA is 2000～8000 water users.
Preferably, the described acoustics of laying in pipe network to be monitored region is missed in the step 102 of survey meter, and a kind of optional implementation method of laying acoustics leakage survey meter is:
The pipeline that is 75mm～200mm for diameter, acoustics leakage recorder is laid distance between 150m～200m; The pipeline that is 200mm～400mm for diameter, acoustics leakage recorder is laid distance between 100m～150m; For diameter, be pipeline more than 400mm, acoustics leakage recorder is laid distance between 60m～100m;
Wherein, definite principle that acoustics leakage recorder cloth is set up an office is: be preferentially chosen on pipeline ancillary structure and lay, described ancillary structure comprises manhole, fire plug, exhaust valve, valve, gate.
The warning message of the flow-time graph of described combination minimum discharge at night and acoustics leakage survey meter, judges whether to exist the step 105 of leakage further to comprise:
If this flow-time graph is fluctuation up and down near certain value, is normal;
If one day, night minimum flow increased suddenly, but level between falling back to again in next day or several days is also normal;
If one day, night minimum flow increased suddenly, and continue to maintain a few days in a higher level and do not fall after rise, think new leakage has occurred;
Meanwhile, if some or a plurality of acoustics continues in leakage nearly 5-7 day of survey meter to report to the police as leakage, think new leakage has occurred.
Preferably, described in, search and confirm that a kind of optional implementation method of the step 106 of leakage points comprises:
If certain acoustics continues in leakage nearly 5-7 day of survey meter to report to the police for leakage, this acoustics leakage survey meter position is listed in to doubtful leakage points, and in doubtful leakage points place manual confirmation leakage points;
If all acoustics leakage survey meters all send leakage and report to the police, manually investigate, search and confirm leakage points.
Optionally, the step 107 of the cost absorbing and benefit of described balance leakage points reparation can comprise:
Other problem and local policy factor that integrated economics factor, leakage may cause are weighed the cost absorbing and benefit that leakage points is repaired;
Wherein, described economic factor comprises the cost that excavation, maintenance, landfill, the water leakage of reparation leakage produce, and described other problems comprises quality problem and ground problem, and whether described policy factor comprises has mandatory provisions to the control of leak rate.
Below can be by reference to the accompanying drawings 1, further describe another specific embodiment of described pipe network leakage monitoring method.
Described pipe network leakage monitoring method, comprising:
(1) pipe network region to be monitored is isolated by method and other pipeline of closure of border valve, only stay an entrance to communicate with extraneous pipe network, build a DMA.The scale of this DMA should be 2000～8000 water users.If region to be monitored, for built DMA, directly enters next step.
(2) in the entrance of DMA, be arranged on linear flow rate monitor, the data on flows of real-time continuous monitoring posting field.Writing time was advisable with 5 minutes in interval, also interval record At All Other Times, but should not be over 15 minutes.After data acquisition completes, can pass background server back by the mode of wireless transmission, also can artificial wired derivation.Can design according to the model of the flow meter of concrete employing.
(3) in region to be monitored, lay acoustics leakage survey meter, laying principle (in conjunction with reference to accompanying drawing 2) is: the pipeline that is 75mm～200mm for diameter, and leakage recorder is laid distance between 150m～200m; The pipeline that is 200mm～400mm for diameter, leakage recorder is laid distance between 100m～150m; For diameter, be pipeline more than 400mm, leakage recorder is laid distance between 60m～100m.Definite principle that leakage recorder cloth is set up an office is: be preferentially chosen on pipeline ancillary structure and lay, ancillary structure refers to manhole, fire plug, exhaust valve, valve, gate etc.Leakage survey meter can be according to the signal of collecting, and whether automatic discrimination has leakage to occur, and sends report to background server.Equally, the working method of leakage survey meter is also relevant with the product type of concrete employing.
(4) from the data on flows of collecting, extract minimum discharge at night every day, build the time series of minimum discharge at night.Take the time (date) as abscissa, the night minimum discharge of take is ordinate, draws broken line graph.If this curve is fluctuation up and down near certain value, is normal; If one day, night minimum flow increased suddenly, but (3-5 day) level between falling back to again in next day or several days is also normal; If one day, night minimum flow increased suddenly, and continue to maintain a few days in a higher level and do not fall after rise, think new leakage has occurred.For auxiliary judgment, can on former broken line graph, increase the curve of the moving average such as (or 6,7 days) on the 5th, the more former broken line of this curve is more level and smooth, and trend determination methods is consistent with former broken line trend determination methods.Except with night minimum flow mapping, can also be with average discharge at night (2:00 AM to 4 between average discharge) mapping, method of its judgement leakage is with above-mentioned consistent.
(5) record the warning message of the leakage survey meter of all layings, if continue to report to the police for " leakage " in certain leakage nearly 5-7 day of survey meter, classify the point of laying this leakage survey meter position as doubtful leakage points.
(6) if find by the flow analysis of (4) step, flow has had abnormal increase, goes to doubtful leakage points, the position of manual confirmation leakage.If all leakage survey meters all do not send " leakage " and report to the police, manually investigate, search leakage points.
(7) cost absorbing and benefit that balance leakage points is repaired, determines whether to need to repair the leakage points of finding.When balance income, not only to consider to repair the economic factors such as excavation, maintenance, landfill, water leakage of leakage, also to consider the other problem that leakage may cause, as quality problem, ground problem etc., also to consider local policy factor, as whether the control of leak rate being had to mandatory provisions etc.
(8) if by the judgement of (7) step, think that leakage points needs to repair, repair, after completing, forward (4) step to, continue flow to observe.If think, this leakage does not need to repair, and directly proceeds to (4) step.
Can continue below, in conjunction with reference to accompanying drawing 1, to further describe another specific embodiment of described pipe network leakage monitoring method.
As shown in Figure 2, described pipe network leakage monitoring method, comprising hypothetical target pipe network:
Flow meter 22 is installed in entrance, is automatically monitored the changes in flow rate in whole region; According to above-mentioned laying principle, in pipe network, lay leakage survey meter 1～21.
The minimum discharge line at night every day that flow meter is monitored, and draw its Moving Average on the 5th, as shown in Figure 3.
If near the upper and lower random fluctuation certain numerical value always of minimum discharge line at night, judges without new leakage and occurs; If the situation shown in " sight 1 " in accompanying drawing 3 appears in night minimum flow, flow increases suddenly, but returns at short notice original level, judges without new leakage and occurs; If the situation shown in " sight 2 " in accompanying drawing 3 appears in night minimum flow, flow increases suddenly, continue to raise afterwards, is finally stabilized in a value higher than previous level, the leakage of having judged kainogenesis.
When judging without newly leakage generation, continue to pay close attention to minimum discharge variation at night; When being determined with new leakage generation, further observe the alarm condition of leakage survey meter, if nearly 5-7 had continuously in day, send the survey meter (might as well be assumed to be No. 12 survey meters in accompanying drawing 2) that " leakage " reports to the police, go to this place manually to investigate, confirm actual leakage situation; Occur being determined with new leakage, but while there is " leakage " alarm signal without any a survey meter, need manually to investigate comprehensively.
Flow curve shown in 3 is found with reference to the accompanying drawings, under the situation of " sight 2 ", night, minimum discharge increased to 15.5L/s left and right from 12.5L/s left and right, and de novo wastage is about 3L/s, if it is repaired, can economize on water every day 259.2 tons, can economize on water every year 94608 tons, if this leakage is repaired, income is considerable, and found that according to investigation this leakage points reparation difficulty is less, therefore, final decision is for to repair it.
After reparation completes, continue to pay close attention to minimum discharge variation at night, and repeat above-mentioned steps.
As can be seen from above, pipe network leakage monitoring method provided by the invention, to merge based on flow monitoring and the leakage monitoring method based on the monitoring of leakage survey meter, can obtain leakage size and leak position information, the method making up based on acoustic signal monitoring cannot be determined the shortcoming of wastage size and the shortcoming that the method based on flow monitoring is difficult to determine leak position simultaneously; The former by night minimum discharge curve obtain, the latter is obtained by the alarm signal of missing survey meter; Dropout detection efficiency can be greatly improved, thereby limited man power and material's effect can be farthest brought into play.
Further, by first analyzing flow, be determined with without leakage, then analyze the acoustic signal that leakage survey meter catches and judge leak position, if be determined with leakage by flow, further analyze the RST of leakage survey meter; If judge without leakage by flow, without the signal of analyzing leakage survey meter.Thereby saved monitoring step, improved detection efficiency.
Preferably, in flow analysis, adopt night minimum discharge or night average discharge carry out, and be aided with Moving Average and be determined with without new leakage and occur; Be determined with while occurring without new leakage according to being, whether flow has unexpected rising and falling, if without rising, without newly missing; If fall back to the level before rising in short-term (several days) after raising, without new leakage; If do not fall back to the level before rising after raising, have new leakage; Thereby Accurate Analysis leakage generation.Aspect leakage acoustic signal analysis, whether the method for (as the 5 days) continuous alarm that adopts many days has leakage to occur near judging relevant position, thereby has overcome the high shortcoming of acoustic monitoring rate of false alarm.
Further, before repairing leakage, by balance income, comprise consider to repair leakage the economic factors such as excavation, maintenance, landfill, water leakage, consider the problems such as water quality, ground that leakage may cause sink, and local policy factor, thereby saved leakage rehabilitation cost.
Pipe network leakage monitoring method provided by the present invention, the application in above-described embodiment, also may be applied to the leakage loss monitoring technical field of the pipelines such as middle grid, heat distribution pipe network, oil gas pipe network.
Those of ordinary skill in the field are to be understood that: the foregoing is only specific embodiments of the invention; be not limited to the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. a pipe network leakage monitoring method, is characterized in that, comprising:
Pipe network region to be monitored is configured to a DMA;
In described DMA entrance, be arranged on linear flow rate detector, the data on flows in pipe network to be monitored region is monitored and recorded to real-time continuous;
In pipe network to be monitored region, lay some acoustics leakage survey meters, and the warning message of real time record acoustics leakage survey meter;
From the data on flows of collecting, extract minimum discharge build the flow-time graph of minimum discharge at night at night every day;
In conjunction with night minimum discharge flow-time graph and the warning message of acoustics leakage survey meter, judge whether to exist leakage;
If not, continue to collect data on flows and warning message;
If so, search and confirm leakage points;
The cost absorbing and benefit that balance leakage points is repaired, and determine whether to repair this leakage points;
If not, continue to collect data on flows and warning message;
If so, completing this leakage points repairs and continues to collect data on flows and warning message.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described step that pipe network region to be monitored is configured to a DMA comprises:
Pipe network region to be monitored is isolated by method and other pipeline of closure of border valve, only stay an entrance to communicate with extraneous pipe network, thereby be configured to a DMA; The scale scope of this DMA is 2000～8000 water users.
3. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, the described acoustics of laying in pipe network to be monitored region is missed in the step of survey meter, and the method for laying acoustics leakage survey meter is:
The pipeline that is 75mm～200mm for diameter, acoustics leakage recorder is laid distance between 150m～200m; The pipeline that is 200mm～400mm for diameter, acoustics leakage recorder is laid distance between 100m～150m; For diameter, be pipeline more than 400mm, acoustics leakage recorder is laid distance between 60m～100m;
Wherein, definite principle that acoustics leakage recorder cloth is set up an office is: be preferentially chosen on pipeline ancillary structure and lay, described ancillary structure comprises manhole, fire plug, exhaust valve, valve, gate.
4. according to the method described in claim 1-3 any one, it is characterized in that, the warning message of the flow-time graph of described combination minimum discharge at night and acoustics leakage survey meter, judges whether to exist the step of leakage to comprise:
If this flow-time graph is fluctuation up and down near certain value, is normal;
If one day, night minimum flow increased suddenly, but level between falling back to again in next day or several days is also normal;
If one day, night minimum flow increased suddenly, and continue to maintain a few days in a higher level and do not fall after rise, think new leakage has occurred;
Meanwhile, if some or a plurality of acoustics continues in leakage nearly 5-7 day of survey meter to report to the police as leakage, think new leakage has occurred.
5. method according to claim 4, is characterized in that, described in search and confirm that the step of leakage points comprises:
If certain acoustics continues in leakage nearly 5-7 day of survey meter to report to the police for leakage, this acoustics leakage survey meter position is listed in to doubtful leakage points, and in doubtful leakage points place manual confirmation leakage points;
If all acoustics leakage survey meters all send leakage and report to the police, manually investigate, search and confirm leakage points.
6. method according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the step of the cost absorbing and benefit of described balance leakage points reparation comprises:
Other problem and local policy factor that integrated economics factor, leakage may cause are weighed the cost absorbing and benefit that leakage points is repaired;
Wherein, described economic factor comprises the cost that excavation, maintenance, landfill, the water leakage of reparation leakage produce, and described other problems comprises quality problem and ground problem, and whether described policy factor comprises has mandatory provisions to the control of leak rate.
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