CN103952649A - Magnesium-based amorphous solid and preparation method thereof - Google Patents

Magnesium-based amorphous solid and preparation method thereof Download PDF

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CN103952649A
CN103952649A CN201410209534.5A CN201410209534A CN103952649A CN 103952649 A CN103952649 A CN 103952649A CN 201410209534 A CN201410209534 A CN 201410209534A CN 103952649 A CN103952649 A CN 103952649A
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amorphous body
magnesium base
base amorphous
preparation
magnesium
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司颐
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Liaoning Petrochemical Vocational and Technical College
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Liaoning Petrochemical Vocational and Technical College
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Abstract

The invention discloses a magnesium-based amorphous solid and a preparation method thereof. The magnesium-based amorphous solid is characterized in that the formula of the magnesium-based amorphous solid is shown in Mg87-xCuxDy13, wherein x is greater than or equal to 22 and less than or equal to 32. The preparation method of the magnesium-based amorphous solid comprises the following steps: adding a single metal raw material block of the magnesium-based amorphous solid shown as the formula in percentage by weight into a smelting device to be fused; repeatedly smelting for 4-6 times; cooling to obtain a mother alloy block, wherein the smelting temperature is 1100-1200K, the smelting time every time is 1-2 minutes, and temperature is insulated for 2-3 minutes. The preparation method of the magnesium-based amorphous solid is simple, easy to operate, low in equipment requirement, and easy in mastering of the production condition, and can be applied to production on a large scale; the amorphous solid is high in purity and good in performance.

Description

A kind of magnesium base amorphous body and preparation method thereof
Technical field
The present invention relates to amorphous body technical field, be mainly concerned with a kind of magnesium base amorphous body and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Bulk amorphous body is as a kind of type material, it is unordered that amorphous body has the long-range that phase glass is the same, the constructional feature of short range order, amorphous body is compared with crystal alloy, there is high intensity, hardness, wear resistance, solidity to corrosion and high resistance, but also show the features such as good supraconductivity and low magnetic loss, due to its unique physical having, chemistry and mechanical property, therefore, large block amorphously in electronics, machinery and chemical industry, be applied, along with the invention of novel material, its application will constantly expand.
Current amorphous body system has: amorphous body of zirconium base, iron-based, copper base, Ni-based, titanium base and aluminium base and rare earth based etc.Different amorphous systems is different according to composition, and corresponding physicochemical property and its preparation condition are all different.Wherein, the intensity of zirconium base, iron-based, copper base, Ni-based, titanium base and aluminium base amorphous body is large, hardness is high, good corrosion resistance, but they are relatively harsh to the requirement of the condition of preparation.Zirconium base, iron-based, copper base, Ni-based, titanium base are compared with the amorphous body such as aluminium base, rare earth based amorphous body has lower second-order transition temperature, superpower glass forming ability and wide supercooling liquid phase region, easily form bulk amorphous body, and the preparation condition of rare earth based amorphous body is relatively loose, easily realizes large-scale industrialization and produce.But rare earth based amorphous body exists intensity lower, and the shortcoming of corrosion-resistant.
Though multicomponent system more easily forms bulk amorphous body, but because complex structure, composition are various, it is formed to mechanism and separating out of phase is all difficult to analyze, and adopt few constituent element system large block amorphous, be convenient to it to form the research of mechanism and precipitated phase.
In view of foregoing description, urgently do not improving under the prerequisite of alloy density, design and work out few constituent element Mg base amorphous body, and obtain optimum value and good mechanical property that amorphous bulk forms ability.Therefore the invention provides a kind of magnesium base amorphous body and preparation method thereof, in order to develop research and the application of China's amorphous formation and crystallization process.
Summary of the invention
One of object of the present invention is to provide a kind of few constituent element, compressive strength is strong and plastic-less deformation's magnesium base amorphous body; Two of object is to provide a kind of preparation method of magnesium base amorphous body.
With some other objects, the invention provides a kind of magnesium base amorphous body to achieve these goals, it is characterized in that, shown in the general formula composed as follows of magnesium base amorphous body: Mg 87-xcu xdy 13, wherein, 22≤x≤32.
Preferably, x is 22,27 or 32.
Preferably, x is 27 or 32.
Preferably, x is 27.
Preferably, x is 27 o'clock, and amorphous body maximum diameter is 8mm, and compressive strength is 621.84MPa, plastic-less deformation.
A preparation method for described magnesium base amorphous body, is characterized in that, comprises the following steps:
According to the weight ratio shown in the general formula of the composition of magnesium base amorphous body, monometallic raw material block is joined in smelting apparatus and melted, and melt back 4-6 time, cooling rear acquisition mother alloy piece, wherein, smelting temperature is: 1100K-1200K, each smelting time is 1~2min, and is incubated 2~3min.
Preferably, described monometallic raw material block also will carry out preprocessing process before melting, and preprocessing process is for to polish monometallic raw material block, put into afterwards cleaning solution and was to clean 5min under the micro-sound wave of 40KHz in frequency.
Preferably, described cleaning solution is acetone soln.
Preferably, the preparation method of described magnesium base amorphous body is further comprising the steps of: described mother alloy piece is transferred in high frequency furnace, melting 3-5min under temperature sensor 1000K-1100K, with high-purity Ar gas, the mother alloy liquid after melting is again blown fast and pushes copper mold afterwards, with the cooling magnesium base amorphous body block that makes of copper mold.
Preferably, described smelting apparatus is vacuum arc melting furnace, before melting, first vacuumizes, and vacuum tightness reaches 1 * 10 -3pa~3 * 10 -3after Pa, be filled with 10 5pa high-purity argon gas; Before described mother alloy piece is transferred in high frequency furnace, first regulating induction furnace vacuum tightness is 3 * 10 -3pa~5 * 10 -3pa, the pure argon of leaping high afterwards makes vacuum tightness 10 5pa.
Magnesium has 1.74g/cm 3the unique advantages such as minimum density, abundant earth resources and renewable recycle, therefore in a large amount of alloys, Mg base amorphous body has much magnetism.Mg matrix shape amorphous body because quality is light, intensity is high has a novel lightweight structural material of wide development prospect, is the 3rd metalloid structured material growing up after iron and steel and aluminium alloy.Particularly people have studied all kinds of Mg-Cu-Re (rare earth element) alloy, and various rare earth elements (Re) have quite similar performance, but the amorphous formation ability of the Mg-Cu-Re alloy that comprises them differs greatly.For Mg 65cu 25re 10alloy, Re does not become amorphous bulk while being Ce and La.When Re is Gd, Mg 65cu 25gd 10really there is stronger amorphous formation ability.The present patent application people replaces Mg with Dy 65cu 25gd 10in Gd, afterwards it is formed to amorphous bulk possibility and is studied, and determine best amorphous formation ability.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1) magnesium base amorphous body Mg 87-xcu xd y13, wherein, in the scope of 22≤x≤32, can form non-crystaline amorphous metal, and x being 22,27 or at 32 o'clock, amorphous body maximum diameter is respectively 6mm, 8mm or 7mm, and when x is 27, the compressive strength of amorphous body is 621.84MPa, plastic-less deformation;
2) monometallic raw material block joins in smelting apparatus and melts, and melt back 4-6 time, can make monometallic piece fully melt and mutually merge, and makes the amorphous body purity that forms high, and performance is better;
3) preprocessing process that monometallic raw material block carried out before melting can be clean clean by monometallic raw material block surface impurity, and bonding raw metal piece metal purity, avoids in fusion process, bringing too much impurity into, makes the amorphous body purity of formation high;
4) described mother alloy liquid is transferred to melting again in high frequency furnace, object is to make amorphous body formation more thorough, with high-purity Ar gas, the mother alloy liquid after melting is again blown fast and pushed in copper mold afterwards, in process without ingress of air, can not bring other impurity into, make the amorphous body purity of formation high.
5) in sum, the preparation method of magnesium base amorphous body is simple, easily operation, equipment requirements is not high, working condition easily with grasp, amorphous body purity is high, performance is good, can be applicable to scale operation.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the XRD diffracting spectrum of the alloy pole of magnesium base amorphous body different diameter of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is magnesium base amorphous body Mg of the present invention 50cu 37dy 13and Mg 70cu 17dy 13the XRD diffracting spectrum of alloy pole.
Fig. 3 is magnesium base amorphous body Mg of the present invention 60cu 27dy 13be respectively Mg with alloy general formula 50cu 37dy 13and Mg 70cu 17dy 13three kinds of alloy stress-strain curves.
Embodiment
Below in conjunction with embodiment, the present invention is described in further detail, to make those skilled in the art can implement according to this with reference to specification sheets word.
One, shown in the general formula composed as follows of magnesium base amorphous body of the present invention: Mg 87-xcu xdy 13, wherein, 22≤x≤32.
According to the composition general formula of above-mentioned magnesium base amorphous body, prepare magnesium base amorphous body:
Embodiment 1
Adopt copper mold insufflation to prepare Mg 65cu 22dy 13block amorphous body.
Step 1, adopt commercially available high-purity (99.9%) reguline metal, first by the composition general formula of magnesium base amorphous body, take monometallic raw material block, the lip-deep oxide films such as Mg and Cu piece are polished, put into cleaning solution (acetone soln) and pass to micro-sound wave and clean 5min;
Step 2, vacuumizes and is filled with 10 by vacuum arc melting furnace 5pa high-purity argon gas (purity of argon is 99.999%), puts into vacuum arc melting furnace heating and melting by monometallic raw material block, alloy melt back 5 times, after cooling, obtain mother alloy piece, wherein, smelting temperature is: 1100K-1200K, each smelting time is 2min, and is incubated 2min;
Step 3, regulates induction furnace vacuum tightness 3 * 10 -3pa, the pure argon of then leaping high makes vacuum tightness 10 5pa, is transferred to mother alloy piece in high frequency furnace afterwards, and under temperature sensor 1000K-1100K, after melting 3min, high-purity Ar gas blows metal melt fast and pushes copper mold, with the cooling block amorphous body that makes of copper mold.
Embodiment 2
Adopt copper mold insufflation to prepare Mg 60cu 27dy 13block amorphous body.
Step 1, adopt commercially available high-purity (99.9%) reguline metal, first by the composition general formula of magnesium base amorphous body, take monometallic raw material block, the lip-deep oxide films such as Mg and Cu piece are polished, put into cleaning solution (acetone soln) and pass to micro-sound wave and clean 5min;
Step 2, vacuumizes and is filled with 10 by vacuum arc melting furnace 5pa high-purity argon gas (purity of argon is 99.999%), puts into vacuum arc melting furnace heating and melting by monometallic raw material block, alloy melt back 5 times, after cooling, obtain mother alloy piece, wherein, smelting temperature is: 1100K-1200K, each smelting time is 1min, and is incubated 3min;
Step 3, regulates induction furnace vacuum tightness 4 * 10 -3pa, the pure argon of then leaping high makes vacuum tightness 10 5pa, is transferred to mother alloy piece in high frequency furnace afterwards, and under temperature sensor 1000K-1100K, after melting 4min, high-purity Ar gas blows metal melt fast and pushes copper mold, with the cooling block amorphous body that makes of copper mold.
Embodiment 3
Adopt copper mold insufflation to prepare Mg 55cu 32dy 13block amorphous body.
Step 1, adopt commercially available high-purity (99.9%) reguline metal, first by the composition general formula of magnesium base amorphous body, take monometallic raw material block, the lip-deep oxide films such as Mg and Cu piece are polished, put into cleaning solution (acetone soln) and pass to micro-sound wave and clean 5min;
Step 2, vacuumizes and is filled with 10 by vacuum arc melting furnace 5pa high-purity argon gas (purity of argon is 99.999%), puts into vacuum arc melting furnace heating and melting by monometallic raw material block, alloy melt back 5 times, after cooling, obtain mother alloy piece, wherein, smelting temperature is: 1100K-1200K, each smelting time is 2min, and is incubated 3min;
Step 3, regulates induction furnace vacuum tightness 5 * 10 -3pa, the pure argon of then leaping high makes vacuum tightness 10 5pa, is transferred to mother alloy piece in high frequency furnace afterwards, and under temperature sensor 1000K-1100K, after melting 5min, high-purity Ar gas blows metal melt fast and pushes copper mold, with the cooling block amorphous body that makes of copper mold.
Comparative example 1
Adopt copper mold insufflation to prepare Mg 50cu 37dy 13block amorphous body.Adopt commercially available high-purity (99.9%) reguline metal, first by proportioning, choose starting material, the lip-deep oxide films such as Mg and Cu piece are polished, put into cleaning solution (acetone soln) and pass to micro-sound wave and clean 5 minutes.Vacuum arc melting furnace is vacuumized and is filled with 10 5pa high-purity argon gas (purity of argon is 99.999%), puts into vacuum arc melting furnace heating and melting by raw material, alloy melt back 5 times.In the mother alloy high frequency furnace preparing; Regulate induction furnace vacuum tightness 3 * 10 -3pa~5 * 10 -3pa, the pure argon of then leaping high makes vacuum tightness 10 5pa, under temperature sensor 1000K-1100K, after melting 3-5min, high-purity Ar gas blows metal melt fast and pushes copper mold, with the cooling block amorphous body that makes of copper mold.
Comparative example 2
Adopt copper mold insufflation to prepare Mg 70cu 17dy 13block amorphous body.Adopt commercially available high-purity (99.9%) reguline metal, first by proportioning, choose starting material, the lip-deep oxide films such as Mg and Cu piece are polished, put into cleaning solution (acetone soln) and pass to micro-sound wave and clean 5 minutes.Vacuum arc melting furnace is vacuumized and is filled with 10 5pa high-purity argon gas (purity of argon is 99.999%), puts into vacuum arc melting furnace heating and melting by raw material, alloy melt back 5 times.In the mother alloy high frequency furnace preparing; Regulate induction furnace vacuum tightness 3 * 10 -3pa~5 * 10 -3pa, the pure argon of then leaping high makes vacuum tightness 10 5pa, under temperature sensor 1000K-1100K, after melting 3-5min, high-purity Ar gas blows metal melt fast and pushes copper mold, with the cooling block amorphous body that makes of copper mold.
Two, detect the optimum value of the amorphous formation ability of applying the amorphous body piece that the preparation method of magnesium base amorphous body of the present invention obtains in embodiment 1-3 and comparative example 1-2 and mechanical property preferably.
As shown in Figure 1, Mg 55cu 32dy 13alloy X ray diffracting spectrum, when diameter is 7mm as can be seen from Figure 1, is comprised of the distinctive single wide in range diffraction peak of amorphous, is non-crystalline state, when critical diameter size is increased to 8mm, has occurred bright and sharp crystalline state diffraction peak, is not single amorphous structure, draws Mg 55cu 32dy 13the critical diameter size of alloy is respectively 7mm; Mg 60cu 27dy 13alloy X ray diffracting spectrum, when diameter is 8mm as can be seen from Figure 1, is comprised of the distinctive single wide in range diffraction peak of amorphous, is non-crystalline state, when critical diameter size is increased to 9mm, has occurred bright and sharp crystalline state diffraction peak, is not single amorphous structure, draws Mg 60cu 27dy 13the critical diameter size of alloy is respectively 8mm; Mg 65cu 22dy 13alloy X ray diffracting spectrum, when diameter is 6mm as can be seen from Figure 1, is comprised of the distinctive single wide in range diffraction peak of amorphous, is non-crystalline state, when critical diameter size is increased to 7mm, has occurred bright and sharp crystalline state diffraction peak, is not single amorphous structure, draws Mg 65cu 22dy 13the critical diameter size of alloy is respectively 6mm.
As shown in Figure 2, the Mg that diameter is 3mm 50cu 37dy 13the XRD diffracting spectrum of alloy pole is in wide diffraction peak, to be superimposed with bright and sharp crystalline state phase peak, is not that single amorphous " steamed bun peak " illustrates the mixed structure that is organized as amorphous phase and crystalline state phase, can not form non-crystalline state completely.Mg 70cu 17dy 13the collection of illustrative plates of alloy is in wide diffraction peak, to be superimposed with bright and sharp crystalline state phase peak, is not that single amorphous " steamed bun peak " illustrates the mixed structure that is organized as amorphous phase and crystalline state phase, can not form non-crystalline state completely.
As shown in Figure 3, adopt testing machine for mechanical properties test Mg 70cu 17dy 13the room temperature compression performance of amorphous composite, the stress-strain(ed) curve of its compression process is shown in a curve, Mg 70cu 17dy 13the curve of alloy compression initial period is a straight line, what show generation is recoverable deformation, there is flex point in curve after compressive strength reaches 561.27MPa, slope diminishes, there is viscous deformation, produce work hardening phenomenon, until compressive strength ruptures after reaching about 702.38MPa, during the rate of plastic deformation be about 0.8%.Mg 60cu 27dy 13the stress-strain(ed) curve of compression process is shown in b curve, visible Mg 60cu 27dy 13amorphous body experiences single recoverable deformation, and plastic-less deformation surrenders and the generation simultaneously of rupturing.Mg 60cu 27dy 13alloy ruptures when compressive strength is 621.84MPa.Mg 50cu 37dy 13the stress-strain(ed) curve of compression process is shown in c curve, and alloy experience is single recoverable deformation, and plastic-less deformation surrenders and the generation simultaneously of rupturing, Mg 50cu 37dy 13alloy ruptures when compressive strength is only 368.16MPa.
Although embodiment of the present invention are open as above, but it is not restricted to listed utilization in specification sheets and embodiment, it can be applied to various applicable the field of the invention completely, for those skilled in the art, can easily realize other modification, therefore do not deviating under the universal that claim and equivalency range limit, the present invention is not limited to specific details and shown here embodiment.

Claims (10)

1. a magnesium base amorphous body, is characterized in that, shown in the general formula composed as follows of magnesium base amorphous body: Mg 87-xcu xdy 13, wherein, 22≤x≤32.
2. magnesium base amorphous body as claimed in claim 1 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that, x is 22,27 or 32.
3. magnesium base amorphous body as claimed in claim 2 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that, x is 27 or 32.
4. magnesium base amorphous body as claimed in claim 3 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that, x is 27.
5. magnesium base amorphous body as claimed in claim 3 and preparation method thereof, is characterized in that, x is 27 o'clock, and magnesium base amorphous body maximum diameter is 8mm, and compressive strength is 621.84MPa, plastic-less deformation.
6. the preparation method of magnesium base amorphous body as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, comprise the following steps: according to the weight ratio shown in the general formula of the composition of magnesium base amorphous body described in claim 1, monometallic raw material block is joined in smelting apparatus and melted, and melt back 4-6 time, cooling rear acquisition mother alloy piece, wherein, smelting temperature is: 1100K-1200K, each smelting time is 1~2min, and is incubated 2~3min.
7. the preparation method of magnesium base amorphous body as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, described monometallic raw material block also will carry out preprocessing process before melting, preprocessing process is for to polish monometallic raw material block, puts into afterwards cleaning solution and is to clean 5min under the micro-sound wave of 40KHz in frequency.
8. the preparation method of magnesium base amorphous body as claimed in claim 6, is characterized in that, described cleaning solution is acetone soln.
9. the preparation method of magnesium base amorphous body as claimed in claim 5, it is characterized in that, further comprising the steps of: described mother alloy piece is transferred in high frequency furnace, melting 3-5min under temperature sensor 1000K-1100K, with high-purity Ar gas, the mother alloy liquid after melting is again blown fast and pushes copper mold afterwards, with the cooling magnesium base amorphous body block that makes of copper mold.
10. the preparation method of magnesium base amorphous body as claimed in claim 9, is characterized in that, described smelting apparatus is vacuum arc melting furnace, before melting, first vacuumizes, and vacuum tightness reaches 1 * 10 -3pa~3 * 10 -3after Pa, be filled with 10 5pa high-purity argon gas; Before described mother alloy piece is transferred in high frequency furnace, first regulating induction furnace vacuum tightness is 3 * 10 -3pa~5 * 10 -3pa, the pure argon of leaping high afterwards makes vacuum tightness 10 5pa.
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