CN103951437B - Ultralow-porosity silicon nitride ceramics bearing ball and manufacture method thereof - Google Patents
Ultralow-porosity silicon nitride ceramics bearing ball and manufacture method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN103951437B CN103951437B CN201310487964.9A CN201310487964A CN103951437B CN 103951437 B CN103951437 B CN 103951437B CN 201310487964 A CN201310487964 A CN 201310487964A CN 103951437 B CN103951437 B CN 103951437B
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Abstract
The present invention relates to ceramic technical field, particularly relate to a kind of Ceramic Balls and manufacture method thereof.Ultralow-porosity silicon nitride ceramics bearing ball, adopt Ceramic Balls raw material to make ceramic bearing ball, ceramic bearing ball adopts the Ceramic Balls raw material of following weight percent to make: beta-silicon nitride powder 75%-85%, alumina powder jointed 10%-15%, sintering agent 5%-10%.The manufacture method of ultralow-porosity silicon nitride ceramics bearing ball, comprises the steps: 1) mixing; 2) ball milling; 3) dry; 4) suppress; 5) isostatic cool pressing; 6) binder removal; 7) sinter; 8) grind.Owing to adopting technique scheme, the Ceramic Balls adopting raw material of the present invention and manufacture craft to make has ultralow-porosity, bending strength is high, fracture toughness property is high, and Ceramic Balls is not easy to occur surfacial spalling and heavy wear under working long hours.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to ceramic technical field, particularly relate to a kind of Ceramic Balls and manufacture method thereof.
Background technology
Due to Ceramic Balls there is density, physical strength is high, wear resisting property waits remarkable advantage well, therefore be widely used in the carriage such as bearing, ball nut as wear-resistant parts or control, in the fluid spool of high pressure fluid, to realize long-term stable operation, reducing the function of maintenance cost.
Existing Ceramic Balls generally adopts multiple raw material, adds that sintering adjuvant sinters, obtains spheres of ceramic.In sintering process, due to the proportioning of raw material or the restriction of existing sintering process, existing Ceramic Balls easily at surface or inner generation pore, has the Ceramic Balls of numerous pore in life-time service process, or run up down for a long time, surfacial spalling or the heavy wear of bearing ball can be run into.Therefore how reducing or reduce this surfacial spalling or heavy wear, improving its tripping speed, work-ing life and precision, is a great problem of pendulum in face of us.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to, provide a kind of ultralow-porosity silicon nitride ceramics bearing ball, to solve the problems of the technologies described above.
Another object of the present invention is to, provide a kind of manufacture method of ultralow-porosity silicon nitride ceramics bearing ball, to solve the problems of the technologies described above.
Technical problem solved by the invention can realize by the following technical solutions:
Ultralow-porosity silicon nitride ceramics bearing ball, adopt Ceramic Balls raw material to make ceramic bearing ball, described Ceramic Balls raw material comprises beta-silicon nitride powder (Si
3n
4), alumina powder jointed (Al
2o
3), sintering agent, it is characterized in that, described ceramic bearing ball adopts the Ceramic Balls raw material of following weight percent to make:
Beta-silicon nitride powder 75%-85%, alumina powder jointed 10%-15%, sintering agent 5%-10%.
The present invention, compared with traditional proportioning raw materials, decreases the proportioning of beta-silicon nitride powder, and adds the proportioning of aluminum oxide and sintering agent.Because aluminum oxide has significant wear resistance, after therefore increasing the proportioning of aluminum oxide, the overall wear resistance of whole ceramic bearing ball can be improved.
In addition, the hardness of silicon nitride is high, and therefore in traditional proportioning, in order to ensure the integral hardness of ceramic bearing ball, the proportion of beta-silicon nitride powder is very large.The proportioning of the reduction beta-silicon nitride powder that the present invention is suitable, after adding the proportioning of alumina powder jointed and sintering agent, greatly improve the compactness of ceramic bearing ball, greatly reduce the void content of ceramic bearing ball, well avoid the peeling phenomenon on ceramic bearing ball surface, add work-ing life, Ceramic Balls of the present invention can reach 20 years work-ing life.
In traditional technology, in order to increase hardness and the wear resistance of ceramic bearing ball, mostly adopt titanium carbide as the one in raw material, after adding titanium carbide in the feed, the ceramic bearing ball produced is black.The present invention has abandoned traditional raw material titanium carbide (TiC), by improving compactness, the minimizing void content of ceramic bearing ball entirety, achieves the work-ing life of ceramic bearing ball entirety.The ceramic bearing ball that the present invention makes owing to not adding titanium carbide, therefore color gray.
Described ceramic bearing ball preferably adopts the Ceramic Balls raw material of following weight percent to make: beta-silicon nitride powder 81%, alumina powder jointed 12%, sintering agent 7%.
Described sintering agent adopts yttrium oxide powder (YO
2).To strengthen the compactness of ceramic bearing ball, reduce void content.
The manufacture method of ultralow-porosity silicon nitride ceramics bearing ball, is characterized in that, comprise the steps:
1) mix: described Ceramic Balls raw material is mixed, form compound;
2) ball milling: the compound in step 1) is carried out ball milling, obtains the compound of less than 0.5 μm;
3) dry: to step 2) compound after ball milling carries out drying;
4) suppress: to dried compound, put into mould and suppress, make ball base;
5) isostatic cool pressing;
6) binder removal: vacuum binder removal is carried out to ball base by draft glue discharging furnace;
7) sinter: ball base is put into sintering oven and sinters, make ceramic bearing ball;
8) grind: ceramic bearing ball surface is ground, makes finished product.
Compound ball milling becomes comparatively after fine grain size by the present invention, has just sintered goods after then carrying out pressure, binder removal, and after adopting above-mentioned steps, due to compound narrow particle size distribution, the Ceramic Balls sintering stress of making is stronger; Owing to having carried out vacuum binder removal operation before sintering, its sintering shrinkage is good, substantially increases the compactness of Ceramic Balls, and in use, surface is not easy to peel off or heavy wear Ceramic Balls.
The present invention also comprises to finished product 9) inspection; 10) operation such as packing.
Step 2) in, circulating ball grinding system is adopted to carry out ball milling to compound, described circulating ball grinding system comprises a ball mill, a storage tank be connected with described ball mill, described storage tank comprises two, be respectively the first storage tank, the second storage tank, each described storage tank is equipped with opening for feed and discharge port;
The opening for feed of described ball mill connects described first storage tank discharge port by the first feed valve, and the opening for feed of described ball mill connects the discharge port of described second storage tank by the second feed valve;
The discharge port of described ball mill connects the opening for feed of described first storage tank by the first bleeder valve, the discharge port of described ball mill passes through the opening for feed that the second bleeder valve connects described second storage tank.
The present invention, compared with traditional milling system, has set up a storage tank, in ball mill operational process, when the present invention uses, 1) close the second feed valve, the first bleeder valve, open the first feed valve, the second bleeder valve, ball milling is carried out to the compound in the first storage tank; After the compound ball milling in the first storage tank completes, 2) the first feed valve, the second bleeder valve is closed, open the second feed valve, the first bleeder valve, second time ball milling is carried out to the compound in the second storage tank, after the compound ball milling in the second storage tank completes, according to compound granularity requirements, circulation step 1) and step 2), realize the object of circulation ball milling.After above-mentioned design, the compound in each storage tank all can by ball milling once, circulates to carry out ball milling successively to the compound in two storage tanks, achieves ball milling even.Identical Ball-milling Time, compared with the single storage tank of tradition repeatedly ball-milling technology, the compound of the present invention in ball mill after ball milling, particle diameter all can reach below 0.5um, and more compound is at below 0.3um, and the particle size distribution of compound narrows.Because granularity is less, in making ceramic bearing ball process, its stress is stronger, and sintering activity is also stronger, achieves the advantage that void content is low, hardness is high, compactness is good, effectively prevents peeling off of ceramic bearing ball.
The opening for feed of described storage tank is arranged on top, and the discharge port of described storage tank is arranged on bottom.Under gravity, to be convenient to discharging.
Be equipped with a level sensing transducer in described first storage tank, described second storage tank, two described level sensing transducers all connect a signal processing module;
Described first feed valve, the second feed valve, the first bleeder valve, the second bleeder valve all adopt an electrically operated valve, and described first feed valve, the second feed valve, the first bleeder valve, the second bleeder valve connect described signal processing module respectively.Whether the present invention by the complete compound information of compound position, ball milling in level sensing transducer induction storage tank.And sending above-mentioned information to signal processing module, signal processing module, according to above-mentioned information, controls the opening and closing of the first feed valve, the second feed valve, the first bleeder valve, the second bleeder valve, realizes the object automatically controlling ball-milling technology.
Described signal processing module connects one group of button group and display module.In order to operate ball milling cycle index, the parameters such as Ball-milling Time.
Described ball mill comprises ball mill shell, the separator disk be arranged in described ball mill shell, the actuating unit, feed-pipe, the discharge nozzle that are connected with described separator disk, seal cavity between described ball mill shell and described separator disk, as ball milling chamber, establishes mill Jie ball in described ball milling chamber;
The circumferential surface of described ball mill shell is provided with described feed-pipe, ball milling chamber described in described feed-pipe UNICOM; The side, side of described ball mill shell is provided with described discharge nozzle, and described discharge nozzle extend in described ball milling chamber, is positioned at described separator disk front; The one end being positioned at ball milling chamber in described discharge nozzle is provided with filter screen;
The opposite side side of described ball mill shell is provided with described actuating unit.
The present invention is different from traditional ball mill is in setting position in filter screen and unloading position.Discharge nozzle is arranged on the front of ball grinding cylinder (i.e. ball mill shell) by the present invention, because mill Jie ball at the effect ball grinding cylinder center of centrifugal force is less, is not easy to block the filter screen at discharge nozzle place, strainer filtering compound effective, efficiency is high.Because filter screen is not easy blocking, the working efficiency of whole ball mill main body is high, the problem that internal pressure will be caused high because of filter net jam, realizes the function without pressure high speed operation.
One end of described discharge nozzle adopts leaks choana, and described leakage choana is positioned at described separator disk front, and described filter screen is arranged in described leakage choana.To avoid filter net jam further.
On described separator disk, circumferentially surface uniform is provided with a plurality of strip spacer block, and the setting direction of described spacer block is identical with the axis of described separator disk.Under the drive of actuating unit, separator disk rotates, and drives spacer block to rotate, because the mill Jie ball in ball mill main body can evenly separate by the effect of spacer block, gets to the regional in ball milling chamber, reach the object of even ball milling compound.
In step 4), adopt spherical die to suppress dried compound, described spherical die is divided into the upper, middle and lower of hollow, and described top is identical with described substructure, all in semisphere; Described middle part is an annular; The internal diameter at described middle part is greater than the diameter on described top, and described top, middle part and described bottom are spliced to form described spherical die outstanding in the middle of successively.
The present invention adopts middle outstanding spherical die, and after press ceramic ball, the Ceramic Balls of having suppressed is also in middle outstanding spheroid.When follow-up abrading-ball technique, protuberance is ground, forms spherical Ceramic Balls.Ceramic Balls is in pressing process, and easily form middle part density low, the situation that upper and lower density is high, in sintering process, the part that intermediate density is low easily falls in, and the Ceramic Balls sintered can form middle part indent phenomenon.After adopting the present invention, during due to compacting, middle part is outstanding, and in sintering process, just in time recessed for the low density part that middle part is outstanding, the Ceramic Balls sintered there will not be middle indent phenomenon.In addition, part outstanding in the middle of the Ceramic Balls after having sintered, can, in follow-up grinding technics, carry out unifying grinding.After adopting above-mentioned design, the overall compactness of Ceramic Balls, the homogeneity of density, the quality of production are improved greatly.
Draft glue discharging furnace in step 6), comprise one for the body of heater of placing ceramic ball, described body of heater is provided with fire door, inlet mouth, venting port, also comprises a muff, described muff is set in outside described body of heater by tightness system is dismountable, and the inwall of described muff is provided with heating unit.
Body of heater of the present invention does not establish heating unit, but be provided with heating unit on the inwall of the muff set up.During use, muff entangles body of heater, heating unit work, carries out heat temperature raising to body of heater, and then the Ceramic Balls in heating furnace body, after the binding agent gasification in Ceramic Balls, is extracted out by vacuum pump.When without the need to heating, muff is taken out from body of heater.Because body of heater itself is without heating unit, the effect of quick heat radiating cooling can be realized, reduce cooling time.In addition, muff also may be used for the continuation heating of other bodies of heater, energy-conserving and environment-protective.
In addition, in Ceramic Balls making processes, before sintering, first in body of heater of the present invention, carry out binder removal, sinter again after discharging binding agent.Aforesaid way, the Ceramic Balls sintered has the remarkable advantages such as shrinking percentage is good, compactness is strong.
Also comprise a binder removal tank, the inlet mouth of described binder removal tank connects the venting port of described body of heater, and described binder removal tank also connects a vacuum pump;
Be provided with plural pieces collection offset plate in described binder removal tank, described collection offset plate is horizontally disposed with from the bottom up, is preferably equidistantly arranged in described binder removal tank; Described collection offset plate is the wire netting with hole adopting wire to make.After binding agent of the present invention is discharged in body of heater, be not be directly discharged in air, but under the effect of vacuum pump, vacuumize and enter binder removal tank, the binding agent gas of high temperature, run into condensation after the collection offset plate of low temperature in binder removal tank, binding agent concentrates on offset plate, is convenient to collect binding agent.
The bottom of described binder removal tank is provided with a tank body heating unit, and the bottom of described binder removal tank is provided with a gum outlet, and described gum outlet is positioned at below described collection offset plate; Also comprise collection glue bucket, gum outlet described in described Ji Jiaotong UNICOM.After Ceramic Balls in body of heater completes binder removal, block the UNICOM of body of heater and binder removal tank.Now, tank body heating unit is to the heating of binder removal tank, and the binding agent collected in collection offset plate, after heating, becomes liquid, flows into collection glue bucket, realize collecting object from gum outlet.
Also comprise a gas tank, described gas tank connects the inlet mouth of described body of heater by an inflation pipe connecting, and the gas in described gas tank adopts nitrogen.In the whole process to the Ceramic Balls heating in body of heater, equal inflated with nitrogen, realizes steady operation object.
Adopt binder removal pipe connecting to be connected between the air outlet of described body of heater and the inlet mouth of described binder removal tank, described binder removal pipe connecting is provided with valve.After Ceramic Balls binder removal completes, cut off the UNICOM of body of heater and binder removal tank by valve.
Described body of heater adopts a cylindrical furnace, and described muff is also corresponding to hollow cylindrical, and the periphery of described muff inwall is provided with described heating unit.So that the Ceramic Balls in homogeneous heating body of heater.
Segmentation Heat preservation mode is adopted to carry out binder removal to ball base in step 6):
1) to the heating of ball base, after being heated to 250 DEG C, 1 hour is incubated;
2) continue heating, after being heated to 350 DEG C, be incubated 1 hour;
3) continue heating, after being heated to 500 DEG C, be incubated 1 hour;
4) cool.
Adopt the mode of segmentation insulation, ball base binder removal can be made thorough, for follow-up sintering operation provides high quality ball base.The Ceramic Balls compactness made of ball base is good thoroughly for binder removal.
Beneficial effect: owing to adopting technique scheme, the Ceramic Balls adopting raw material of the present invention and manufacture craft to make has ultralow-porosity, bending strength is high, fracture toughness property is high, and Ceramic Balls is not easy to occur surfacial spalling and heavy wear under working long hours.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is fabrication processing figure of the present invention;
Fig. 2 is the connection diagram of circulating ball grinding system of the present invention;
Fig. 3 is a kind of structural representation of ball mill of the present invention;
Fig. 4 is the phantom view of ball mill of the present invention;
Fig. 5 is a kind of structural representation of spherical die of the present invention;
Fig. 6 is a kind of structural representation of draft glue discharging furnace of the present invention;
Fig. 7 is the schematic diagram of segmentation of the present invention insulation.
Embodiment
The technique means realized to make the present invention, creation characteristic, reaching object and effect is easy to understand, setting forth the present invention further below in conjunction with concrete diagram.
Ultralow-porosity silicon nitride ceramics bearing ball, adopt Ceramic Balls raw material to make ceramic bearing ball, Ceramic Balls raw material comprises beta-silicon nitride powder (Si
3n
4), alumina powder jointed (Al
2o
3), yttrium oxide powder (YO
2).Ceramic bearing ball adopts the Ceramic Balls raw material of following weight percent to make: beta-silicon nitride powder 75%-85%, alumina powder jointed 10%-15%, sintering agent 5%-10%.The Ceramic Balls raw material of the following weight percent of preferred employing is made: beta-silicon nitride powder 81%, alumina powder jointed 12%, sintering agent 7%.
With reference to Fig. 1, the manufacture method of ultralow-porosity silicon nitride ceramics bearing ball, comprises the steps:
1) mix: Ceramic Balls raw material is mixed, form compound.
2) ball milling: the compound in step 1) is carried out ball milling, obtains the compound of less than 0.5 μm.The present invention adopts circulating ball grinding system to carry out ball milling to compound, with reference to Fig. 2, the storage tank that circulating ball grinding system comprises ball mill 3, is connected with ball mill 3, storage tank comprises two, be respectively the first storage tank 1, second storage tank 2, each storage tank is equipped with opening for feed and discharge port.The opening for feed of storage tank is arranged on top, and the discharge port of storage tank is arranged on bottom.The opening for feed of ball mill 3 is connected the first storage tank 1 discharge port by the first feed valve 11, is connected the discharge port of the second storage tank 2 by the second feed valve 21.The discharge port of ball mill 3 is connected the first storage tank 1 opening for feed by the first bleeder valve 12, is connected the opening for feed of the second storage tank 2 by the second bleeder valve 22.
A level sensing transducer is equipped with, two equal connection signal processing modules of level sensing transducer in first storage tank 1, second storage tank 2.First feed valve 11, second feed valve 21, first bleeder valve 12, second bleeder valve 22 all adopts an electrically operated valve, and the first feed valve 11, second feed valve 21, first bleeder valve 12, second bleeder valve 22 is connection signal processing module respectively.Signal processing module connects one group of button group and display module.Level sensing transducer of the present invention can adopt level sensing transducer of the prior art, also can adopt liquid level sensor.Can also adopt pressure transmitter, weight sensor is arranged on the bottom of storage tank, in order to detect the weight of the compound in storage tank.
With reference to Fig. 3, Fig. 4, ball mill comprises ball mill shell 31, the separator disk 32 be arranged in ball mill shell 31, the actuating unit be connected with separator disk 32, feed-pipe 33, discharge nozzle 34, on separator disk 32, circumferentially surface uniform is provided with a plurality of strip spacer block 321, and the setting direction of spacer block 321 is identical with the axis of separator disk 32.Seal cavity between ball mill shell 31 and separator disk 32, as ball milling chamber, establishes mill Jie ball 35 in ball milling chamber.The circumferential surface of ball mill shell 31 is provided with feed-pipe 33, feed-pipe 33 UNICOM's ball milling chamber.The side, right side of ball mill shell 31 is provided with discharge nozzle 34, and discharge nozzle 34 extend in ball milling chamber, is positioned at separator disk 32 front.The one end being positioned at ball milling chamber in discharge nozzle 34 is provided with filter screen 36.One end of discharge nozzle 34 adopts leaks choana, leaks choana and is positioned at separator disk 32 front, and filter screen 36 is arranged on Lou in choana.The left lateral sides of ball mill shell 31 is provided with actuating unit.Actuating unit is motor.
3) dry: to step 2) compound after ball milling carries out drying.
4) suppress: to dried compound, put into mould and suppress, make ball base.The present invention adopts spherical die to suppress dried compound, with reference to Fig. 5, spherical die is divided into the top 41 of hollow, middle part 42 and bottom 43, and top 41, middle part 42 and bottom 43 are spliced to form spherical die successively, top 41 is identical with bottom 43 structure, all in semisphere.Middle part 42 is in annular, and the internal diameter at middle part 42 is greater than the diameter on top 41, and top 41, middle part 42 and bottom 43 are spliced to form spherical die outstanding in the middle of successively.After adopting the present invention, as shown in Figure 5, during due to compacting, middle part 42 is outstanding, and in sintering process, the low density part just in time outstanding for middle part 42 is recessed, and the Ceramic Balls sintered there will not be middle indent phenomenon.In addition, part outstanding in the middle of the Ceramic Balls after having sintered, can, in follow-up grinding technics, carry out unifying grinding.After adopting above-mentioned design, the overall compactness of Ceramic Balls, the homogeneity of density, the quality of production are improved greatly.
5) isostatic cool pressing.
6) binder removal: vacuum binder removal is carried out to ball base by draft glue discharging furnace.With reference to Fig. 6, draft glue discharging furnace comprises the body of heater 51 for placing ceramic ball, body of heater 51 is provided with fire door, inlet mouth, venting port, also comprise muff 52, muff 52 is set in outside body of heater 51 by tightness system is dismountable, and body of heater 51 adopts cylindrical furnace, and muff 52 is also corresponding to hollow cylindrical, the periphery of muff 52 inwall is provided with heating unit, and heating unit adopts resistance wire 511 to heat.The top of muff 52 is provided with suspension hook, so that when not heating, and muff 52 of slinging.
Also comprise binder removal tank 53, the inlet mouth of binder removal tank 53 connects the venting port of body of heater 51 by binder removal pipe connecting, binder removal pipe connecting is provided with valve 531, and binder removal tank 53 also connects vacuum pump 533.By vacuum pump 533, innocuous gas is emitted.Be provided with plural pieces collection offset plate 532 in binder removal tank 53, level is equidistant is from the bottom up arranged in binder removal tank 53 for collection offset plate 532.Collection offset plate 532 is the wire netting with hole adopting wire to make.The bottom of binder removal tank 53 is provided with tank body heating unit 534, and the bottom of binder removal tank 53 is provided with gum outlet, and gum outlet is positioned at below collection offset plate 532.The below of wire netting is also provided with a plurality of stainless steel tube 535, and stainless steel tube 535 is arranged on above tank body heating unit 534 by unordered direction, after arranging like this, can increase the surface adsorption area of binding agent, realizes the object of collecting binding agent further.The diameter of stainless steel tube 535 is 5mm-8mm, and length is preferably 10mm.
Also comprise collection glue bucket 54, Ji Jiaotong 54 UNICOM's gum outlet.After Ceramic Balls in body of heater 51 completes binder removal, blocked the UNICOM of body of heater 51 and binder removal tank 53 by valve 531.Now, tank body heating unit 534 pairs of binder removal tanks 53 heat, and the binding agent collected in collection offset plate 532, after heating, becomes liquid, flow into collection glue bucket 54, realize collecting object from gum outlet.Also comprise gas tank, gas tank connects the inlet mouth of body of heater 51 by inflation pipe connecting, and the gas in gas tank adopts nitrogen.In the whole process to the Ceramic Balls heating in body of heater 51, equal inflated with nitrogen, realizes steady operation object.
When the present invention works, the Heating temperature of the heating unit in muff 52, at 300 DEG C-500 DEG C, with reference to Fig. 7, adopts segmentation Heat preservation mode:
1) to Ceramic Balls heating, after being heated to 250 DEG C, 1 hour is incubated;
2) continue heating, after being heated to 350 DEG C, be incubated 1 hour;
3) continue heating, after being heated to 500 DEG C, be incubated 1 hour;
4) cool.
After completing the binder removal of Ceramic Balls, valve-off 531, the Heating temperature of tank body heating unit 534 pairs of binder removal tanks 53 is not higher than 80 DEG C, and the binding agent being condensate in collection offset plate 532 is discharged to collection glue bucket 54 from gum outlet.
7) sinter: ball base is put into sintering oven and sinters, make ceramic bearing ball.
8) grind: ceramic bearing ball surface is ground, makes finished product.
9) check.
Compound ball milling becomes comparatively after fine grain size by the present invention, has just sintered goods after then carrying out pressure, binder removal, and after adopting above-mentioned steps, due to compound narrow particle size distribution, the Ceramic Balls sintering stress of making is stronger; Owing to having carried out vacuum binder removal operation before sintering, its sintering shrinkage is good, substantially increases the compactness of Ceramic Balls, and in use, surface is not easy to peel off or heavy wear Ceramic Balls.
The Ceramic Balls that the present invention adopts above-mentioned technique to make, has following technical indicator:
Void content is low, is less than or equal to 1%;
Bending strength is high, is more than or equal to 900MPa;
Fracture toughness property is high, is more than or equal to 6MPa.ml/2;
Microhardness is high, is more than or equal to 1550kg/mm2.
More than show and describe ultimate principle of the present invention and principal character and advantage of the present invention.The technician of the industry should understand; the present invention is not restricted to the described embodiments; what describe in above-described embodiment and specification sheets just illustrates principle of the present invention; without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; the present invention also has various changes and modifications, and these changes and improvements all fall in the claimed scope of the invention.Application claims protection domain is defined by appending claims and equivalent thereof.
Claims (7)
1. the manufacture method of ultralow-porosity silicon nitride ceramics bearing ball, is characterized in that, comprises the steps:
1) mix: Ceramic Balls raw material is mixed, form compound;
2) ball milling: by step 1) in compound carry out ball milling, obtain the compound of less than 0.5 μm;
3) dry: to step 2) compound after ball milling carries out drying;
4) suppress: to dried compound, put into mould and suppress, make ball base;
5) isostatic cool pressing;
6) binder removal: vacuum binder removal is carried out to ball base by draft glue discharging furnace;
7) sinter: ball base is put into sintering oven and sinters, make ceramic bearing ball;
8) grind: ceramic bearing ball surface is ground, makes finished product;
The described Ceramic Balls raw material of following weight percent is adopted to make: beta-silicon nitride powder 75%-85%, alumina powder jointed 10%-15%, yttrium oxide powder 5%-10%;
Step 2) in, circulating ball grinding system is adopted to carry out ball milling to compound, described circulating ball grinding system comprises a ball mill, a storage tank be connected with described ball mill, described storage tank comprises two, be respectively the first storage tank, the second storage tank, each described storage tank is equipped with opening for feed and discharge port;
The opening for feed of described ball mill connects described first storage tank discharge port by the first feed valve, and the opening for feed of described ball mill connects the discharge port of described second storage tank by the second feed valve;
The discharge port of described ball mill connects the opening for feed of described first storage tank by the first bleeder valve, the discharge port of described ball mill passes through the opening for feed that the second bleeder valve connects described second storage tank.
2. the manufacture method of ultralow-porosity silicon nitride ceramics bearing ball according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described ball mill comprises ball mill shell, the separator disk be arranged in described ball mill shell, the actuating unit, feed-pipe, the discharge nozzle that are connected with described separator disk, seal cavity between described ball mill shell and described separator disk, as ball milling chamber, establishes mill Jie ball in described ball milling chamber;
The circumferential surface of described ball mill shell is provided with described feed-pipe, ball milling chamber described in described feed-pipe UNICOM; The side, side of described ball mill shell is provided with described discharge nozzle, and described discharge nozzle extend in described ball milling chamber, is positioned at described separator disk front; The one end being positioned at ball milling chamber in described discharge nozzle is provided with filter screen;
The opposite side side of described ball mill shell is provided with described actuating unit.
3. the manufacture method of ultralow-porosity silicon nitride ceramics bearing ball according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, one end of described discharge nozzle adopts choana, and described choana is positioned at described separator disk front, and described filter screen is arranged in described choana;
On described separator disk, circumferentially surface uniform is provided with a plurality of strip spacer block, and the setting direction of described spacer block is identical with the axis of described separator disk.
4. the manufacture method of ultralow-porosity silicon nitride ceramics bearing ball as claimed in any of claims 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, step 4) in, spherical die is adopted to suppress dried compound, described spherical die is divided into the upper, middle and lower of hollow, described top is identical with described substructure, equal semicircular in shape; Described middle part is an annular; The internal diameter at described middle part is greater than the diameter on described top, and described top, middle part and described bottom are spliced to form described spherical die outstanding in the middle of successively.
5. the manufacture method of ultralow-porosity silicon nitride ceramics bearing ball according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, step 6) in draft glue discharging furnace, comprise one for the body of heater of placing ceramic ball, described body of heater is provided with fire door, inlet mouth, venting port, also comprise a muff, described muff is set in outside described body of heater by tightness system is dismountable, and the inwall of described muff is provided with heating unit.
6. the manufacture method of ultralow-porosity silicon nitride ceramics bearing ball according to claim 5, is characterized in that, also comprises a binder removal tank, and the inlet mouth of described binder removal tank connects the venting port of described body of heater, and described binder removal tank also connects a vacuum pump;
Be provided with plural pieces collection offset plate in described binder removal tank, described collection offset plate is horizontally set in described binder removal tank from the bottom up; Described collection offset plate is the wire netting with hole adopting wire to make;
The bottom of described binder removal tank is provided with a tank body heating unit, and the bottom of described binder removal tank is provided with a gum outlet, and described gum outlet is positioned at below described collection offset plate; Also comprise collection glue bucket, gum outlet described in described Ji Jiaotong UNICOM;
Also comprise a gas tank, described gas tank connects the inlet mouth of described body of heater by an inflation pipe connecting, and the gas in described gas tank adopts nitrogen.
7. the manufacture method of the ultralow-porosity silicon nitride ceramics bearing ball according to claim 5 or 6, is characterized in that, step 6) in adopt segmentation Heat preservation mode to carry out binder removal to ball base:
1) to the heating of ball base, after being heated to 250 DEG C, 1 hour is incubated;
2) continue heating, after being heated to 350 DEG C, be incubated 1 hour;
3) continue heating, after being heated to 500 DEG C, be incubated 1 hour;
4) cool.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310487964.9A CN103951437B (en) | 2013-10-17 | 2013-10-17 | Ultralow-porosity silicon nitride ceramics bearing ball and manufacture method thereof |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201310487964.9A CN103951437B (en) | 2013-10-17 | 2013-10-17 | Ultralow-porosity silicon nitride ceramics bearing ball and manufacture method thereof |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN103951437A CN103951437A (en) | 2014-07-30 |
| CN103951437B true CN103951437B (en) | 2016-01-20 |
Family
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| CN101125755A (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2008-02-20 | 上海材料研究所 | Method for preparing large scale ceramic ball |
| CN102266945A (en) * | 2011-08-20 | 2011-12-07 | 陈登刚 | Ball-milling process and device for iron-based alloy powder |
| CN102918006A (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2013-02-06 | 日化陶股份有限公司 | Sintered ceramic, ceramic sphere, and device for inspecting ceramic sphere |
| CN103058663A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2013-04-24 | 大连大友高技术陶瓷有限公司 | Preparation method of silicon nitride ceramic balls |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101125755A (en) * | 2006-08-15 | 2008-02-20 | 上海材料研究所 | Method for preparing large scale ceramic ball |
| CN102918006A (en) * | 2010-01-07 | 2013-02-06 | 日化陶股份有限公司 | Sintered ceramic, ceramic sphere, and device for inspecting ceramic sphere |
| CN102266945A (en) * | 2011-08-20 | 2011-12-07 | 陈登刚 | Ball-milling process and device for iron-based alloy powder |
| CN103058663A (en) * | 2012-11-28 | 2013-04-24 | 大连大友高技术陶瓷有限公司 | Preparation method of silicon nitride ceramic balls |
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