The mechanical electronic hydraulic brake system of adjustable lever fulcrum
Technical field
The invention belongs to automobile technical field, relate to automobile brake technology, especially a kind of mechanical electronic hydraulic brake system.
Background technology
Brake system is vital for the safety of automobile.Along with the development of automotive technology, people are also more and more higher to the requirement of automobile brake perfrmance.Orthodox car brake system is mainly by formations such as brake pedal, vacuum booster, master cylinder (master cylinder), wheel cylinder (wheel cylinder), brake wheel (or brake disc) and pipelines, underintegration is high on the whole, and the aspect such as speed of response, reliability has not had too large room for promotion, so people start actively to throw oneself into the research of novel braking system.In nearly twenty or thirty year, motor technology and electronic control technology are advanced by leaps and bounds, and for the research of brake system of car provides new approaches, EHB (EHB) arises at the historic moment.
EHB is a kind of brake-by-wire (brake-by-wire) system, it has substituted part mechanical element with electronic component, brake pedal is not directly connected with brake wheel cylinder, driver's operation is gathered as controlling intention by sensor, then complete brake operating by hydraulic actuator, make up the deficiency that traditional braking system and principle cause, braking has been controlled and obtained maximum degree of freedom, can complete better control target.
EHB on current electronlmobil mainly adopts high pressure accumulator to set up source as hydraulic pressure, in the time that needs provide hydraulic pressure, open corresponding valve, hydraulic oil is each wheel hydraulic brake before and after high pressure accumulator flows to, the size of hydraulic pressure can regulate by the aperture of controlling fuel tap, in the time of insufficient pressure in high pressure accumulator, by high-pressure oil pump to high pressure accumulator again supercharging.
On the other hand, high pressure accumulator technical stability is poor, and inner nitrogen is very easily revealed, and causes the normally generation of the situation such as build-up pressure, and may cause vehicle to lose braking force completely, the safety of serious threat driving vehicle.Just there is the problems such as leakage and safety in the Japan hybrid power car Prius of Toyota Company, has carried out repeatedly recalling about 2010 due to the high pressure accumulator in its EHB.
Objectively need to improve above-mentioned EHB as seen.
Summary of the invention
The object of the present invention is to provide a kind of mechanical electronic hydraulic brake system of adjustable lever fulcrum, can improve system response time, accurately the braking of identification of driver is intended to, and realizes the ACTIVE CONTROL of hydraulic coupling and treadle effort, gives the good brake feel of chaufeur.Brake pedal and master brake cylinder adopt mechanical connection, have ensured safety and reliability.
Object of the present invention can be achieved through the following technical solutions:
A mechanical electronic hydraulic brake system for adjustable lever fulcrum, it comprises brake pedal, signal collecting element, automatically controlled Linear Moving Module, master brake cylinder, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) ECU, also comprises: moving fulcrum adjustment module, lever, push rod; Described signal collecting element comprises the sensor that gathers brake pedal displacement and velocity information and the sensor that gathers master brake cylinder pressure information; Described automatically controlled Linear Moving Module two ends are connected with lever with brake pedal respectively; Described moving fulcrum adjustment module is connected with planar higher pairs form with lever, and in higher pair, contact point is balance pivot; Described lever is connected with push rod, and described push rod is connected with the first piston of master brake cylinder; The motor that the actr that described ECU (Electrical Control Unit) ECU controls comprises automatically controlled Linear Moving Module and moving fulcrum adjustment module.
Further, described automatically controlled Linear Moving Module comprises rotating machine and will rotatablely move and converts straight-line the first transmission device to;
Described the first transmission device is worm-and-wheel gear, pinion and rack, leading screw-nut or ball-screw.
Described moving fulcrum adjustment module comprises rotating machine and will rotatablely move and converts straight-line the second transmission device to.
Described the second transmission device is worm-and-wheel gear or the leading screw-nut body with auto-lock function, or does not add pinion and rack or the ball-screw of a lockable mechanism with auto-lock function.
In described moving fulcrum adjustment module, be provided with a roller or cam, this roller or cam are arranged on the straight-line motion member of its transmission device, roller or cam outer rim contact with lever outer rim or contact with guide groove inner side in lever, form pair of planar higher pair, wherein roller or cam are driving link, and lever is driven member.
On described lever, establishing fulcrum is O, and lever and automatically controlled Linear Moving Module point of connection are A, and lever and push rod point of connection are B, puts O and is greater than the distance of an O to some B to the distance of some A, and in the direction along lever, put A and put O the both sides that are distributed in a B.
Described master brake cylinder is through ABS/ESC module and vehicle rim brake Hydraulic coupling.
Also comprise fault localization system, in the time of certain brake component inefficacy et out of order, failure message is passed to ECU (Electrical Control Unit);
Preferably, also comprise failure warning system, in the time that fault localization system diagnoses out mechanical motor hydraulic brake system to break down, alarm activation, the very first time provides warning to chaufeur.
The mechanical electronic hydraulic brake system of above-mentioned adjustable lever fulcrum; also comprise abating protection device; in the time of failure conditions generation and some brake component et out of order, can allow the power of chaufeur pedal be transferred in brake system, carry out the braking of some strength.
In other words, a kind of mechanical electronic hydraulic brake system of adjustable lever fulcrum, comprising: brake pedal, for the braking of chaufeur is intended to input system; Signal collecting element, comprises the sensor that gathers brake pedal displacement and velocity information and the sensor that gathers master brake cylinder pressure information; Automatically controlled Linear Moving Module, its two ends are connected with lever with brake pedal respectively, the motor of this module can ACTIVE CONTROL treadle effort to the good brake feel of chaufeur; Moving fulcrum adjustment module, it is connected with the form of planar higher pairs with lever, and in higher pair, contact point is balance pivot, and this module is by regulating the position of fulcrum to realize the variation of lever arm of force length, thus the size of adjusting master cylinder brake-pressure; Lever, the effect of amplification power; Push rod, connects lever and master cylinder piston; Master brake cylinder, it is through ABS/ESC module and vehicle rim brake Hydraulic coupling; ECU (Electrical Control Unit) ECU, receives the signal that each sensor records, and calculates that automatically controlled Linear Moving Module regulates the size of power and the displacement of fulcrum adjustment module and to its control.
Preferably, on told lever, establishing fulcrum is O, and lever and automatically controlled Linear Moving Module point of connection are A, and lever and push rod point of connection are B, meets O and is greater than the distance of O to B to the distance of A, and in the direction along lever, meet A and O is distributed in B both sides.
Preferably, described automatically controlled Linear Moving Module comprises rotating machine and will rotatablely move and converts straight-line transmission device to.Rotating machine is accepted the above-mentioned transmission device of Torque-adjusting signal control that ECU (Electrical Control Unit) ECU sends, and transmission device can be worm-and-wheel gear, pinion and rack, guilde screw or ball-screw.
Preferably, described moving fulcrum adjustment module comprises rotating machine and will rotatablely move and converts straight-line transmission device to, on the straight-line motion member of its transmission device, be connected with a roller or cam simultaneously, roller or cam outer rim contact with lever outer rim or contact with guide groove inner side in lever, form pair of planar higher pair, the two contact point is balance pivot.Rotating machine is accepted the above-mentioned transmission device of conditioning signal control that ECU (Electrical Control Unit) ECU sends, position of the fulcrum correspondingly changes, transmission device can be worm-and-wheel gear or the leading screw-nut body with auto-lock function, also can be pinion and rack or the ball-screw of not being with auto-lock function, a more additional lockable mechanism.
Owing to taking such scheme, the present invention compares and has following features with respect to existing EHB: adopt electric machine control straight-line motion mechanism, response is rapid, energy ACTIVE CONTROL treadle effort, correctly reflect the braking intention of chaufeur, saved high pressure accumulator and pedal simulator.Between brake pedal and master brake cylinder, keep mechanical connection, reduced the risk of thrashing.In the time that automatically controlled Linear Moving Module lost efficacy, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) can regulate the motor of moving fulcrum adjustment module by the control algorithm under failure mode, changes the position of fulcrum, ensures certain hydraulic braking force.In the time that moving fulcrum adjustment module lost efficacy, self-locking or by lockable mechanism by its motion locking.ECU (Electrical Control Unit) can be carried out torque adjusting to the motor of automatically controlled Linear Moving Module by the control algorithm under failure mode, ensures certain hydraulic braking force.Even if automatically controlled Linear Moving Module and moving fulcrum adjustment module lost efficacy simultaneously, chaufeur is stepped on brake pedal suddenly, and system also can provide certain braking force, realizes emergency braking, has ensured the safety of automobile.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is according to the schematic diagram of a mechanical type EHB embodiment of the present invention.
Label in accompanying drawing represents:
1-brake pedal; 2-motor; The stator of 3-motor; The rotor of 4-motor; 5-automatically controlled Linear Moving Module; The nut of 6-ball-screw; The screw rod of 7-ball-screw; 8-lever; 9-push rod; 10-feed screw nut; 11-roller; 12-screw mandrel screw rod; 13-motor; 14-moving fulcrum adjustment module; 15,16,17,18-control path; 19-master cylinder first piston; 20-master cylinder the second epitrochoidal chamber; 21-master cylinder the second piston; 22-fluid reservoir; 23-master brake cylinder; 24-master cylinder the first epitrochoidal chamber; 25,26-hydraulic tubing; 27-ABS/ESC module; 28-ECU (Electrical Control Unit); 29-hydraulic coupling sensor; 30-pedal displacement sensor.
Detailed description of the invention
Below in conjunction with accompanying drawing institute example, the present invention is further illustrated.
As shown in Figure 1, the mechanical electronic hydraulic brake system of this adjustable lever fulcrum mainly comprises: brake pedal 1, automatically controlled Linear Moving Module 5, moving fulcrum adjustment module 14, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 28, hydraulic coupling sensor 29, pedal displacement sensor 30, master brake cylinder 23.
Pedal displacement sensor 25 is two, inspection each other, and this displacement pickup can be determined speed and the displacement of brake pedal 1 in the time being stepped on.
In this exemplary embodiment, automatically controlled Linear Moving Module 5 is all preferably a kind of with moving fulcrum adjustment module 14.
Automatically controlled Linear Moving Module 5 comprises ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 28, motor 2 and the straight-line motion mechanism being made up of ball screw (comprising nut 6 and screw mandrel 7).Motor 2 is connected with ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 28 by control path 16, the motor torque signal control ball-screw transmitting according to ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 28.
Moving fulcrum adjustment module 14 comprises straight-line motion mechanism, the roller 11 that ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 28, motor 13, leading screw screw rod 12 and feed screw nut 10 form.Motor 13 is connected with ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 28 by control path 17, the motor torque signal control leading screw-nut transmitting according to ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 28, and wheel roller 11 moves with nut 10, and with corresponding the changing of contact point of lever 8 outer rims, balance pivot changes.Due to this screw mandrel-nut body band auto-lock function, will be by locking when the motion of moving fulcrum adjustment module inefficacy back nut 10, roller 11 also no longer moves, and position of the fulcrum also just no longer changes.
Master brake cylinder 23 comprises that first piston 19, the first epitrochoidal chamber 24, the second piston 21, the second epitrochoidal chamber 20, the first epitrochoidal chambers 24 and the second epitrochoidal chamber 20 separated by the second piston 21, and has the compensation orifice that connects fluid reservoir.The first epitrochoidal chamber 24 is connected with ABS/ESC module 27 with hydraulic tubing 26 by hydraulic tubing 25 respectively with the second epitrochoidal chamber 20.ABS/ESC module is connected on four rim brakes by hydraulic tubing again.Between the straight-line motion mechanism forming at ball screw (comprising nut 6 and screw rod 7) and lever 8, be provided with motor adjustment mechanism (not shown in FIG.), it act as and ensures that straight-line motion mechanism drives screw rod 7 to do straight-line motion, lever 8 is connected with push rod 9, push rod 9 is connected with first piston 19, promote first piston 19, then promote the second piston 21 and produce the hydraulic braking force of expecting.
The mechanical electronic hydraulic brake system specific works process of adjustable lever fulcrum of the present invention is as follows: chaufeur is stepped on brake pedal 1, displacement pickup 30 obtains pedal displacement and speed, receive the braking intention of chaufeur, the signal collecting is delivered in ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 28 by control path 15, obtains hydraulic braking force size F required in this time braking
hand corresponding treadle effort demand F now
p, then calculate by position of the fulcrum O the power F that motor 2 need to provide
msize (F
m=F
h* h
oB/ h
oA-F
p), then pass through control path 16 drive motor 2, the push rod 9 that promotion is connected with lever 8, push rod 9 promotes first piston 19 again and does straight-line motion, in the time that first piston 19 blocks the first compensation orifice, the first epitrochoidal chamber starts to build pressure, then promotes the second piston 21 by spring and does straight-line motion.In the time that the second piston 21 blocks the second compensation orifice, the second epitrochoidal chamber starts to build pressure, and braking liquid flows to ABS/ESC module 27 through hydraulic tubing 25 and hydraulic tubing 26, then flows to each wheel cylinder and produces braking force.Hydraulic pressure transducer 29 records the force value of hydraulic tubing 26, and signal is passed to ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 28, and the hydraulic braking force size F that now should actually provide is provided ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 28
h, then according to now actual treadle effort F
pwith motor force F
m, draw arm of force h
oAwith h
oBlength, thereby determine the position (h of fulcrum O
oB/ h
oA=(F
m+ F
p)/F
h), then ECU (Electrical Control Unit), by control path 17 drive motor 13, realizes the adjusting of fulcrum O.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, between the straight-line motion mechanism forming at ball screw (comprising nut 6 and screw rod 7) and lever 8, be provided with motor adjustment mechanism, ensure that straight-line motion mechanism does straight-line motion
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, automatically controlled Linear Moving Module 5 comprises rotating machine 1 and will rotatablely move and converts straight-line transmission device to, transmission device comprises ball screw framework, the nut of ball-screw is connected on the rotor of rotating machine, by motor rotatablely move drive nut rotate, nut passes through ball power transmission to screw rod, thereby drives screw rod to do straight-line motion.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, above-mentioned transmission device can be also worm and gear, pinion and rack or leading screw-nut body.
According to a preferred embodiment of the present invention, moving fulcrum control module 14 comprises rotating machine 13 and will rotatablely move and convert straight-line transmission device to, and is connected to the roller 11 on the straight-line motion member of transmission device.Leading screw is connected on the rotor of rotating machine 13, rotatablely move and drive leading screw to rotate by motor, leading screw drives nut to do straight-line motion, because roller is fixed on nut, therefore roller is also thereupon in the axial generation displacement of leading screw, change with the contact point of lever outer rim, the fulcrum of lever changes, and finally realizes the variation of the arm of force.
Preferably, the invention provides fault localization system, in the time of certain brake component inefficacy et out of order, failure message can be passed to ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 28.
Preferably, the present invention also provides failure warning system, in the time that fault localization system diagnoses out mechanical motor hydraulic brake system to break down, and alarm activation, the very first time provides warning to chaufeur.
While requiring brake system must consider the generation of failure conditions and some brake component et out of order according to national legislation, also must be able to allow the power of chaufeur pedal be transferred in brake system, carry out the braking of some strength.The mechanical electronic hydraulic brake system of adjustable lever fulcrum of the present invention has also designed fail safe scheme.
Braking starts or braking carry out in the motor 2 of automatically controlled Linear Moving Module 5 cannot provide the straight-line motion mechanism of moment or module 5 damage so that cannot transmit motion, fault localization system is diagnosed the information that is out of order, pass to ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 28, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 28 regulates the motor 13 in moving fulcrum adjustment module 14, driver module 14 cathetus kinematic mechanisms, thus make fulcrum move to new O point (the required hydraulic coupling F through calculating
hdetermined by pedal displacement, O point position meets h
oA/ h
oB=F
h/ F
p), allow the treadle effort that chaufeur provides after the amplification by lever 8, act on push rod 9 together, push rod 9 drives first piston 19 to do the straight-line motion of expecting.
Motor 9 in middle moving fulcrum adjustment module 14 is carried out in braking beginning or braking cannot provide the straight-line motion mechanism of moment or module 14 damage so that cannot transmit motion, fault localization system is diagnosed the information that is out of order, pass to ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 28, ECU (Electrical Control Unit) 28 is carried out torque adjusting (required hydraulic coupling F to motor 1 in automatically controlled Linear Moving Module 5
mdetermined treadle effort demand F by pedal displacement
pjointly determined by pedal displacement and speed, automatically controlled Linear Moving Module regulates power F
m=F
h* h
oB/ h
oA-F
p), now the straight-line motion mechanism of moving fulcrum adjustment module is in lockup state,, motor 2 drives automatically controlled Linear Moving Module 5 cathetus kinematic mechanisms motions, then promotes push rod 9 by lever 8, and push rod 9 driven plunger are done the straight-line motion of expecting.
Braking starts or braking when automatically controlled Linear Moving Module 5 lost efficacy with moving fulcrum adjustment module 14 simultaneously in carrying out, moving fulcrum adjustment module 14 is in lockup state, now chaufeur is stepped on brake pedal suddenly, promotes master cylinder by the effect of lever 8, realizes Manual hydraulic braking.
There are some problems in the brake system of the orthodox car of equipment vacuum booster, vacuum booster cannot provide power-assisted to cause having one section of pedal stroke that there is no power-assisted in the time of emergency braking in the time exceeding power-assisted scope, due to the restriction in Bus inner layout space, the size of vacuum booster is limited, is difficult to realize better deceleration and stopping performance.When the mechanical electronic hydraulic brake system of adjustable lever fulcrum of the present invention is applied on orthodox car, can give full play to the advantages such as electric machine speed regulation scope is wide, control accuracy is high, dynamic is good, response time is fast, make up this defect.
Based on problems of the prior art, the invention provides a kind of new EHB, utilize motor to replace high pressure accumulator, not only reduce potential safety hazard, also make speed of response and the control accuracy etc. of system be improved.Meanwhile, treadle effort ACTIVE CONTROL good in the present invention has successfully been saved pedal simulator, has more saved space.Its mechanical connection has ensured the reliability of system, and lever add make manpower act on thrashing time can be brought into play better.
The mechanical electronic hydraulic brake system of adjustable lever fulcrum of the present invention also can be applicable on new-energy automobile, reclaim maximum with drive motor braking energy and turn to target, by ECU (Electrical Control Unit), motor output torque is regulated, allow regenerative brake form total braking force together with hydraulic braking.
The above-mentioned description to embodiment is can understand and apply the invention for ease of those skilled in the art.Person skilled in the art obviously can easily make various amendments to these embodiment, and General Principle described herein is applied in other embodiment and needn't passes through performing creative labour.Therefore, the invention is not restricted to the embodiments described, and those skilled in the art are according to announcement of the present invention, and not departing from improvement and the amendment that category of the present invention makes all should be within protection scope of the present invention.