CN103946685A - Absorbent articles with improved absorption properties - Google Patents

Abstract

An absorbent article such as disposable diaper, training pant, and adult incontinence undergarment comprising an absorbent structure comprising superabsorbent polymer particles, the article being able to absorb and contain body exudates and having improved absorption properties and therefore being able to reduce leakage, especially at the first gush, i.e. when the article starts to be wetted.

Description

There is the absorbent article of the absorptive character of improvement

Technical field

The present invention relates to the absorbent article that comprises super-absorbent polymer particles, such as disposable diaper, training pants and adult-incontinence underwear.

Background technology

Absorbent article such as disposable diaper, training pants and adult-incontinence underwear can absorb and hold body exudates.Many absorbent articles are if diaper bags is containing super-absorbent polymer materials.Super-absorbent polymer is present in the core of absorbent article with particle form conventionally.Super-absorbent polymer particles can absorb liquid swelling in the time contacting with liquid efflunent.But show, in the past, not all super-absorbent polymer particles type is all applicable in absorbent article equally.

Known to the absorbent article that makes to comprise super-absorbent polymer particles shows good absorption and accommodation function, need to meet specific technical requirement by super-absorbent polymer particles.First super-absorbent polymer particles needs to absorb fast liquid efflunent.In the prior art, the infiltration rate of super-absorbent polymer particles generally characterizes by the free swell speed (FSR) of measuring particle.

Except having high infiltration rate, the super-absorbent polymer particles being present in core also needs liquid height permeable.The poor perviousness of super-absorbent polymer particles can cause due to gel blockage the infiltration of absorbent article.In the time that swelling super-absorbent polymer particles blocks the void space between particle, gel blockage can occur in absorbent cores.In such cases, liquid efflunent can not or only slowly arrive the lower floor that is arranged on the super-absorbent polymer particles in core.Liquid efflunent is retained on the surface of absorbent cores and can be therefore from diaper seepage.

In the prior art, the perviousness of super-absorbent polymer particles characterizes by the SFC (saline flow conductivity) that measures particle conventionally.Described parameter is measured in the time of balance, measures in the completely pre-swell gel bed of super-absorbent polymer particles and carries out.

But, the inventor now has surprisingly been found that, comprise that the not automatic guiding liquids effluent of absorbent cores of the super-absorbent polymer particles with high FSR and high SFC value enters the Quick Acquisition time of absorbent article, especially in the time that first shoves, in the time that absorbent cores contacts with liquid for the first time.

Therefore, the invention provides absorbent article, it has the absorptive character of improvement, and therefore reduces seepage, especially in the time that first shoves, when goods start when wetted.

Summary of the invention

The present invention relates to a kind of absorbent article, described absorbent article comprises absorbing structure.This absorbent article is divided into three parts: anterior, rear portion and be arranged on the crotch between front and rear.This absorbing structure comprises absorbent cores.Described absorbent cores has 0.2 to 5mm dry thickness at the crotch point place of goods.One or more parts of this absorbing structure comprise the super-absorbent polymer particles of at least 90 % by weight, and need to be less than the time (T20) that reaches 20g/g picked-up of 440s, and described picked-up is measured according to K (t) method of testing.

Brief description of the drawings

Fig. 1 is the planimetric map of diaper according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is the sectional view of diaper shown in the Fig. 1 intercepting along the transversal 2-2 of Fig. 1.

Fig. 3 is the part sectioned view of absorbent core layer according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 4 is the part sectioned view of absorbent core layer according to another embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 5 a is the partial section of absorbent cores, and described absorbent cores comprises the combination of the first and second absorbent core layer shown in Fig. 3 and 4.

Fig. 5 b is the partial section of absorbent cores, and described absorbent cores comprises the combination of the first and second absorbent core layer shown in Fig. 3 and 4.

Fig. 6 is the schematic diagram of flow graph.

Fig. 7 is the partial cross-sectional side view of the suitable perviousness measuring system for carrying out dynamic effective permeability and the test of picked-up kinetic measurement.

Fig. 8 is the cross-sectional side view of the piston/drum assembly for carrying out dynamic effective permeability and the test of picked-up kinetic measurement.

Fig. 9 is the top view that is applicable to the piston head in the piston/drum assembly shown in Fig. 8.

Figure 10 is the partial cross-sectional side view of measuring the suitable perviousness measuring system of test for carrying out urine permeability.

Figure 11 is the cross-sectional side view of measuring the piston/drum assembly of test for carrying out urine permeability.

Figure 12 is the top view that is applicable to the piston head in the piston/drum assembly shown in Figure 11.

Figure 13 is the cross-sectional side view being placed in for the piston/drum assembly of the Figure 11 on the sintering pan of swelling phase.

Figure 14 is the sectional view that is applicable to the smooth collecting and measuring system that carries out smooth collecting test.

Figure 15 is for treating that wherein having removed from this absorbing structure by " cold spraying " is not the material layer of a part for this absorbing structure according to the sectional view of the absorbing structure of K (t) method of testing test.

Figure 16, for treating according to the sectional view of the absorbing structure of K (t) method of testing test, wherein uses the punching most advanced and sophisticated upper strata to this absorbing structure punching.

Figure 17 is the top view of perforation pattern, and the upper strata of absorbing structure or lower floor can be according to described pattern punchings.

Figure 18 A be representative as the comparative example 1 of measuring according to K (t) method of testing and 2 and the absorbing structure of example 1 as the figure of the picked-up (unit is g/g) of the function of time.

Figure 18 B be representative as the comparative example 1 of measuring according to K (t) method of testing and 2 and the absorbing structure of example 2 as the figure of the picked-up (unit is g/g) of the function of time.

Embodiment

Term used herein " absorbent article " refers to and absorbs and hold the device of body exudates, and more specifically refers to and lean or contiguous wearer's body places to absorb and hold the device of various body exudates.Absorbent article comprises diaper, training pants, adult-incontinence underwear, feminine hygiene products etc.As used herein, term " body fluid " or " body exudates " include but not limited to urine, blood, vaginal discharge, breast milk, sweat and fecal matter.In some embodiments of the invention, absorbent article is diaper or training pants.

" absorbent cores " used herein refers between the top flat and egative film that is arranged on absorbent article, for absorbing and hold the structure of the liquid being received by absorbent article.Described core comprises super-absorbent polymer particles.Described core can comprise one or more basalises, is arranged on the super-absorbent polymer particles on described one or more basalis and is conventionally arranged on the thermoplastic compounds on super-absorbent polymer particles.Common described thermoplastic compounds is thermoplastic adhesive materials.Thermoplastic adhesive materials can form fibrage, and described fibrage contacts with the super-absorbent polymer particles on described one or more basalises at least in part and partly contacts with described one or more basalises.In order to strengthen super-absorbent polymer particles and/or the thermoplastic adhesive materials adhesiveness to respective substrates layer, can before using super-absorbent polymer particles, auxiliary binder be deposited on described one or more basalis.Absorbent cores also can comprise one or more overlayers, and super-absorbent polymer particles is arranged between one or more basalises and one or more overlayer.Described one or more basalis or overlayer can comprise or be made up of supatex fabric, thin paper or film or their combination.Absorbent cores also can comprise smell control compound.

Absorbent cores can be substantially by one or more basalises, super-absorbent polymer particles, thermoplastic compounds, optionally auxiliary binder, optionally overlayer and optionally smell control compound form.

Absorbent cores can comprise super-absorbent polymer particles, and it is between the upper and lower that described particle is interposed in two layers, wherein above upper strata and lower floor below without super-absorbent polymer particles.Upper strata is corresponding to basalis or the overlayer of the absorbent cores of close article topsheet, and lower floor is corresponding to basalis or the overlayer of the absorbent cores of the most close absorbent article egative film.Alternatively, in the situation that not there is not upper strata, absorbent cores can be corresponding to the structure being arranged between top flat and lower floor; Or in the situation that not there is not lower floor, absorbent cores can be corresponding to the structure being arranged between upper strata and egative film.In the situation that not there are not the upper and lower, absorbent cores can be corresponding to the total being arranged between top flat and the egative film of absorbent article.Basalis or overlayer can comprise or be made up of supatex fabric, thin paper or film or their combination.

" absorbing structure " used herein refers to one of following structure:

A. the absorbent cores of absorbent article, wherein absorbent cores comprises that being interposed in two layers is the super-absorbent polymer particles between the upper and lower, above upper strata and lower floor below without super-absorbent polymer particles.Upper strata is corresponding to basalis or the overlayer of the absorbent cores of close article topsheet, and lower floor is corresponding to basalis or the overlayer of the absorbent cores of the most close absorbent article egative film.

B. with the absorbent cores of the absorbent article of the top flat combination of absorbent article, wherein absorbent cores does not comprise the upper strata being limited as above.

C. with the absorbent cores of the absorbent article of the egative film combination of absorbent article, wherein absorbent cores does not comprise the lower floor being limited as above.

" part of absorbing structure " used herein refers to a part of absorbing structure through absorbing structure thickness, comprises a part of absorbing structure of all different layer of making absorbing structure in corresponding part.

" front portion " used herein and " rear portion " refer to front waist region and the back waist region of absorbent article.The length of front and rear is from 1/3rd of corresponding front waist edge and the initial goods overall length of back waist edge.Be not configured to be parallel to the embodiment of the straight line that the cross central line of absorbent article extends for wherein front waist edge and/or back waist edge, the length of absorbent article by start from the point close to the front waist edge of cross central line and close to the back waist edge point of cross central line stops on longitudinal centre line or be parallel to longitudinal centre line and measure.

" crotch " used herein refers between the front portion and rear portion of goods, is positioned at the goods region of article center.The length of crotch is 1/3rd of goods overall length.

" crotch point " used herein refers to the point of goods, and described point location is at the intersection point place of longitudinal centre line and the cross central line of goods, the center of absorbent article.Be to be understood that, for the present invention, the crotch point of goods needn't be positioned at the center of absorbent cores, it is the intersection point place of longitudinal centre line and the cross central line of absorbent cores, especially not placed in the middle on the cross central line at goods in absorbent cores, wherein absorbent cores be offset to goods above and/or below.

It is used herein that " anterior " center " refers to the following point of absorbent article; described point location is at the longitudinal centre line of goods and be parallel to the intersection point place of the line of the cross central line of goods, and is positioned to and 1/3rd the distance of cross central line at a distance of the overall length of absorbent article.Be not configured to be parallel to the embodiment of the straight line that the cross central line of absorbent article extends for wherein front waist edge and/or back waist edge, the length of absorbent article by start from the point close to the front waist edge of cross central line and close to the back waist edge point of cross central line stops on longitudinal centre line or be parallel to longitudinal centre line and measure.

" comprise ", " comprising " and " containing " for open-ended term, they also contain for " by ... composition " of closed term or " by ... form ".

" airfelt " used herein refers to the wood pulp of pulverizing, its a kind of form that is cellulose fibre.

" super-absorbent polymer particles " used herein refers to crosslinked polymeric material, as using centrifugal retention volume test (EDANA WSP241.2-05) measured, described polymeric material can absorb at least 10 times to the 0.9% moisture brine solution of himself weight.Super-absorbent polymer particles is particle form, to can flow under drying regime.Preferred super-absorbent polymer particles of the present invention is made by gathering (methyl) acrylate copolymer.But for example the super-absorbent polymer particles based on starch also within the scope of the invention.

" thermoplastic adhesive materials " used herein refers to polymer composition, can be formed fiber and is applied on super-absorbent polymer particles to fix super-absorbent polymer particles under dry and wetting two states by it.Thermoplastic adhesive materials of the present invention preferably forms fibrous network on super-absorbent polymer particles.

" non-woven material " used herein refer to by the fiber of orientation or arbitrary orientation by friction and/or bonding and/or be bonded to or by wet grinding and artificial of felting one-tenth, fleece or batt, do not comprise paper with by weaving, weave, bunch become, yarn that constraint is combined in loop bonding or the product of long filament, no matter whether additionally stitched.These fibers can have natural or artificial source, and can be staple fibre or continuous filament yarn or the fiber for forming on the spot.The fiber of commercially available acquisition has and is being less than about 0.001mm to the diameter being greater than within the scope of about 0.2mm, and they are rendered as multiple different form: staple fibre (being called staple fibre or chopped strand), ultimate fibre (long filament or monofilament), non-twist continuous long strand (tow) and twisting continuous long strand (yarn) continuously.Supatex fabric can form by many methods such as meltblown, spun-bond process, solution spinning, electrostatic spinning and carded method.The basic weight of supatex fabric is typically expressed as gram/m (gsm).

Term used herein " attached " thus refer to by the first element being directly attached to the second element and make the first element directly be fixed to the configuration of another element, or by the first element being attached to one or more the 3rd intermediary element, thereby being attached to the second element then, the 3rd intermediary element make the first element indirectly be fixed to the configuration of the second element.Means for attachment can comprise the combination of adhesives, thermal caking, pressure bonding, ultrasonic bonding, dynamic mechanically bonding or any other suitable means for attachment or these means for attachment as known in the art.

Fig. 1 is the planimetric map of the absorbent article 10 of some embodiments of the present invention.Absorbent article 10 is shown in its open and flat not contraction state (, the contraction that does not have elasticity to cause), and the part of absorbent article 10 is cut more clearly to show the fabric of diaper 10.In Fig. 1, the contact wearer's of absorbent article 10 a part is towards observer.Absorbent article 10 generally comprises foundation structure 12 and is arranged on the absorbent cores 14 in foundation structure 12.

In Fig. 1, the foundation structure 12 of absorbent article 10 can comprise the main body of absorbent article 10.Foundation structure 12 can comprise outer covering piece 16, and described outer covering piece comprises the egative film 20 that can be the permeable top flat 18 of liquid and/or can be liquid impermeable.Absorbent cores 14 can be encapsulated between top flat 18 and egative film 20.Foundation structure 12 also can comprise lateral plate 22, elastification leg hoop 24 and elastic waist structure 26.

Leg hoop 24 and elastic waist structure 26 can comprise elastic component 28 conventionally separately.End structure of absorbent article 10 is become to anterior 30 and the other end is configured to the rear portion 32 of absorbent article 10.The center section of absorbent article 10 is configured to crotch 34, and it is extending longitudinally between front portion 30 and rear portion 32.

In Fig. 1, absorbent article 10 has been described its longitudinal centre line 36 and cross central line 38 thereof.The periphery 40 of absorbent article 10 is limited by the external margin of absorbent article 10, the longitudinal centre line 36 that wherein longitudinal edge 42 is roughly parallel to absorbent article 10 extends, and the cross central line 38 that front waist edge 43 and back waist edge 44 are roughly parallel to absorbent article 10 extends between longitudinal edge 42.Foundation structure 12 also can comprise fastening system, and described fastening system can comprise at least one fastening member 46 and at least one platform area 48.

Absorbent article 10 also can comprise this type of other structure as known in the art, comprises front auricle and rear auricle, waist cap, elastomeric element etc., so that better stickiness, sealing and aesthetic to be provided.This type of additional structure is well known in the art and is for example described in United States Patent (USP) 3,860,003 and United States Patent (USP) 5,151,092 in.

For absorbent article 10 is remained on to the appropriate location around wearer, at least a portion of anterior 30 can be attached at least a portion at rear portion 32 by fastening member 46, to form one or more leg openings and goods waist.In the time of fastening, fastening system bears around the tensile load of goods waist.Fastening system can allow goods user to grasp element a such as fastening member 46 of fastening system, and at least two positions, front portion 30 is connected on rear portion 32.This can realize by the bond strength of handling between tightening device element.

According to some embodiment, absorbent article 10 can be provided with the fastening system of Reclosable, or can be used as another selection and be provided with the form of trousers type diaper.In the time that absorbent article is diaper, it can comprise the fastening system that joins the Reclosable in foundation structure to, and described fastening system is for being fixed to wearer by diaper.In the time that absorbent article is trousers type diaper, goods can comprise at least two lateral plates, and described lateral plate is engaged with each other to form trousers.

absorbing structure

Absorbing structure comprises super-absorbent polymer particles.

One or more parts of absorbing structure comprise the super-absorbent polymer particles with weighing scale at least 90 % by weight of the part of this absorbing structure, do not comprise any basalis in the part that may be included in this absorbing structure and/or the weight of overlayer and/or top flat and/or egative film.Described one or more basalis or overlayer can comprise or be made up of supatex fabric, thin paper or film or their combination.

The center of one of one or more parts of this absorbing structure can be arranged in goods front portion in the heart, and/or the center of one of one or more parts of this absorbing structure can be positioned on the crotch point of goods.

At least one had 30cm in one or more parts of this absorbing structure ²or larger surface area.Alternatively, each had 30cm in described one or more part ²or larger surface area.

There is 30cm ²or at least one border circular areas contained in one or more parts of this absorbing structure of high surface area more.Alternatively, there is 30cm ²or each border circular areas contained in one or more parts of this absorbing structure of high surface area more.

One or more parts of this absorbing structure can comprise the super-absorbent polymer particles of at least 95 % by weight.

One or more parts of this absorbing structure can comprise the super-absorbent polymer particles of at least 98 % by weight.

One or more parts of this absorbing structure can comprise the super-absorbent polymer particles of at least 99 % by weight.

Whole absorbing structure can comprise at least 90 % by weight, preferably at least 95 % by weight, more preferably at least 98 % by weight, the even more preferably super-absorbent polymer particles of at least 99 % by weight.

These embodiment are especially preferred, because with except super-absorbent polymer particles, also have the conventional absorbing material of higher amount and compare as the thickness of the conventional absorbent article of airfelt etc., the absorbent article that comprises high number percent super-absorbent polymer particles conventionally has the thickness reducing when dry.In the time goods being positioned on wearer, the thickness reducing contributes to improve stickiness and comfort level.

One or more parts of this absorbing structure need to be less than 440s, or be less than 400s, or be less than 350s, or be less than 300s, or being less than time (T20) that reaches 20g/g picked-up of 250s, the described time measures according to following K (t) method of testing.

As measured according to following K (t) method of testing, the time (T20) that reaches 20g/g picked-up can be 50s to 440s, or 100s to 350s, or 150s to 300s.

One or more parts of this absorbing structure can have at least 2.910 ^-8cm ²20 minutes time effective permeability (K20), described effective permeability is measured according to K (t) method of testing.

As measured according to following K (t) method of testing, one or more parts of this absorbing structure can have at least 2.9510 ^-8cm ², or at least 310 ^-8cm ², or 2.9510 ^-8cm ²to 1.010 ^-6cm ², or 2.9510 ^-8cm ²to 1.010 ^-7cm ², or 3.010 ^-8to 1.010 ^-7cm ²20 minutes time effective permeability (K20).

As measured according to following K (t) method of testing, one or more parts of this absorbing structure can have and are greater than 0.75, or be greater than 0.8 or perviousness while being greater than 0.9 minimum effective permeability and 20 minutes between ratio (Kmin/K20 ratio).In this type of embodiment, instantaneous gel blockage minimizes and in whole whole swelling processes, and especially shoving in the initial part of most important swelling phase for first, liquid efflunent can be advanced fast by the void space between particle.

As measured according to following K (t) method of testing, the picked-up (U20) of one or more parts of this absorbing structure in the time of 20min is at least 24g/g or at least 24.5g/g, or 24g/gt to 60g/g, or 24.5g/g to 50g/g, or 24.5g/g to 40g/g.

In certain embodiments, whole absorbing structure meets aforementioned T20, K20 and U20 value.

Compared with the absorbent article of prior art, especially, in the time that first shoves, comprise that the absorbent article of this type of absorbing structure has the absorptive character of improvement, and therefore show the seepage of minimizing.This type of absorbing structure is particularly useful in absorbent article.

absorbent cores

In certain embodiments, absorbent cores comprises 50 to 2200g/m ²or 100 to 1500g/m ²or 200 to 1000g/m ²super-absorbent polymer particles/the area of average magnitude.

In certain embodiments, in the crotch of goods, absorbent cores comprises 100 to 1500g/m ², or 150 to 1000g/m ², or 200 to 900g/m ², or 400 to 700g/m ²super-absorbent polymer particles/the area of average magnitude.This absorbent article comprises that the super-absorbent polymer particles of q.s is to have good absorptive character, and enough thin so that stickiness and comfort level to be provided to wearer.But super-absorbent polymer particles is also present in front and rear, although the amount especially in rear portion may lower (or being even zero).In certain embodiments, in the rear portion of goods, absorbent cores comprises and is less than 300g/m ², or be less than 200g/m ², or 25 to 300g/m ², or 50 to 200g/m ², or 50 to 100g/m ²super-absorbent polymer particles/the surface area of average magnitude.

In certain embodiments, absorbent cores also can comprise the micro-absorbing material except super-absorbent polymer particles, for example airfelt.

In certain embodiments, absorbent cores generally includes the airfelt that is less than 5 % by weight, is preferably less than 2%, and more preferably not containing airfelt.In certain embodiments, this absorbing structure also can not contain airfelt.

As measured according to the method for testing of listing below, absorbent cores has at goods crotch point place the 10mm of being less than, preferably be less than 5mm, be more preferably less than 3mm, even be more preferably less than 1.5mm, or 0.1 to 10mm, preferably 0.2 to 5mm, more preferably 0.3 to 3mm, even more preferably 0.5 to 1.5mm dry thickness.Therefore,, compared with comprising the absorbent cores of conventional airfelt, described absorbent cores is enough thin.Thereby, significantly improved stickiness and comfort level.

super-absorbent polymer particles

Can be used for super-absorbent polymer particles of the present invention and can be a variety of shapes.Term " particle " refers to other shape known to the skilled and the form in particle, fiber, thin slice, spheroid, powder, platelet and super-absorbent polymer particles field.In certain embodiments, super-absorbent polymer particles can be the shape of fiber, i.e. elongated acicular sap particles.In those embodiment, super-absorbent polymer particles fiber has and is less than about 1mm, is conventionally less than approximately 500 μ m, and is preferably less than the small scale (be the diameter of fiber) of 250 μ m down to 50 μ m.The length of fiber is preferably about 3mm to about 100mm.Fiber also can be the form of the long filament that can be woven.

Alternatively, in some preferred embodiments, super-absorbent polymer particles of the present invention is spherical particle.According to the present invention, and with fiber by contrast, " spherical particle " has the longest and the shortest size, wherein the ratio of the longest and the shortest particle size of particle is in the scope of 1-5, its intermediate value 1 will equal perfect spherical particle, and value 5 will make near-spherical particle therewith have some deviations.In this type of embodiment, as measured according to EDANA method WSP220.2-05, super-absorbent polymer particles can have and is less than 850 μ m, or 50 to 850 μ m, preferably 100 to 500 μ m, the more preferably granularity of 150 to 300 μ m.The super-absorbent polymer particles with relatively low granularity contributes to increase the surface area of the absorbing material contacting with liquid efflunent, and therefore supports the quick absorption of liquid efflunent.

Can be used for super-absorbent polymer particles in the present invention and comprise and multiplely can absorb the water-insoluble of a large amount of fluids, but the polymkeric substance of water-swellable.This type of polymeric material is generally well known in the art.

Suitable super-absorbent polymer particles can be for example by as United States Patent (USP) 4,340,706 and United States Patent (USP) 5,849, inverse suspension polymerization described in 816 obtains, or is obtained by the spraying described in U.S. Patent application 2009/0192035,2009/0258994 and 2010/0068520 or other gas phase dispersion polymerization.In certain embodiments, suitable super-absorbent polymer particles can obtain by the production technology of this area present stage, and as more specifically, by WO2006/083584, the 12nd page the 23rd is walked to described in the 20th page of the 27th row.

In certain embodiments, the surface of super-absorbent polymer particles can be coated.In this type of embodiment, coating becomes sticky surface, makes super-absorbent polymer particles when wetting, can not easily rearrange (therefore they can not block space).

In certain embodiments, super-absorbent polymer particles can be coated with cationic polymer.Preferred cationic polymer can comprise polyamine or poly-imines material, they can with at least one component reaction of comprising in body fluid especially urine.Preferred polyamine materials is selected from: (1) has the polymkeric substance (for example, polyvinylamine, PAH) of primary amine group; (2) there is the polymkeric substance (for example, polyethyleneimine) of secondary amine group; (3) there is the polymkeric substance (for example, poly-N, N-dimethyl alkylamine) of tertiary amine group.The concrete instance of cationic polymer is for example polyethyleneimine, in the scope in water soluble by the crosslinked modified polyethyleneimine of epoxyhalopropane, polyamine, by the imine modified polyamidoamines amine of grafted ethene, polyetheramine, polyvinylamine, poly-alkyl amine, polyamide-based polyamine and PAH.

In a preferred embodiment, cationic polymer has at least 500, and more preferably 5,000, most preferably 10,000 or larger weight-average molecular weight.Weight-average molecular weight be greater than 500 or larger cationic polymer be not limited to by the polymkeric substance of single largest value (peak) shown in the molecular weight analyse of gel permeation chromatography, even and it shows multiple maximal values (peak), weight-average molecular weight be 500 or larger polymkeric substance also can be used.

With respect to the super-absorbent polymer particles of 100 weight portions, preferably the amount of cationic polymer is at approximately 0.05 to 20 weight portions, more preferably from about 0.3 to 10 weight portion, and most preferably from about in the scope of 0.5 to 5 weight portion.

In certain embodiments, super-absorbent polymer particles can be coated with deacetylation chitosan material, as disclosed in US7 537 832 B2.

In some other embodiment, super-absorbent polymer particles can comprise mixed bed ion-exchange absorbing polymeric, as disclosed in WO99/34841 and WO99/34842.

As mentioned above, comprise that the absorbing structure of the super-absorbent polymer particles with high SFC and FSR value does not cause the Quick Acquisition time of liquid efflunent automatically, especially in the time that first shoves, in the time that dry absorbing structure contacts with liquid.Be not bound by theory, it is believed that dry super-absorbent polymer particles is conventionally than the more difficult absorption water of wetting super-absorbent polymer particles, because water enters the diffusivity of dry super-absorbent polymer particles enters wetting super-absorbent polymer particles diffusivity lower than water.

The absorptive character of the dry absorbing structure that comprise super-absorbent polymer particles relevant to initial picked-up are studied so far.More precisely, " the saline flow conductivity " that focus on super-absorbent polymer particles of research (SFC), it measures in the time of balance, and is therefore to measure away from the stage of original liquid picked-up.For the absorbing structure that also comprises the airfelt of significant quantity except super-absorbent polymer particles, the interim storage that enters the liquid of absorbent cores is provided by airfelt, makes super-absorbent polymer particles in the situation that of certain delay, absorb the liquid in airfelt around.Even but not containing the absorbent article of airfelt, the perviousness of super-absorbent polymer particles is also always measured in the time of balance for disclosed in prior art, therefore do not consider dry super-absorbent polymer particles in initial exposure the performance during in liquid.The present inventor carefully studied the absorbing structure that comprises super-absorbent polymer particles in initial exposure the performance during in liquid.They find, some but be not openly availablely comprise super-absorbent polymer particles and do not comprise or the absorbing structure that only includes the airfelt of extremely low amount shows excellent performance.Excellent performance causes the liquid acquisition improving, thereby reduces the risk of seepage.Find that can reach certain liq according to the dry absorbing structure that comprises super-absorbent polymer particles absorbs the required time (in the time that certain confined pressure of opposing absorbs) and describe the excellent absorbing structure that comprises super-absorbent polymer particles.Thereby, now likely select wittingly and easily these absorbing structures newly developed, and without carrying out additional broad research and test.

In certain embodiments, this absorbing structure comprises super-absorbent polymer particles, described particle has and is greater than 50, be preferably greater than 60, or 50 to 500, or 55 to 200, or perviousness when 60 balances that are represented as UPM (urine permeability measurement) value to 150UPM unit, wherein 1UPM unit is 1 × 10 ^-7(cm ³.s)/g.

UPM value is measured according to the UPM method of testing of listing below.The SFC method of testing of the method and prior art is closely related.This UPM method of testing is measured the resistance to flow of the pre-swell layer of super-absorbent polymer particles conventionally, that is, resistance to flow is measured in the time of balance.Therefore,, in the time that the remarkable volume of absorbent article has been soaked by liquid efflunent, this type of super-absorbent polymer particles with high UPM value shows high osmosis.The absorbing structure that comprises this type of super-absorbent polymer particles not only in the time that first shoves, and shows good absorptive character in the time of follow-up shoving.

In certain embodiments, this absorbing structure can comprise super-absorbent polymer particles, and described particle has the 0.1g/g/s of being greater than, or 0.1 to 2g/g/s, or 0.3 to 1g/g/s, or 0.3 to 0.6g/g/s, or 0.4 to 0.6g/g/s FSR (free swell speed).

The free swell speed of super-absorbent polymer particles is measured according to the FSR method of testing of listing below.The absorbing structure that comprises the super-absorbent polymer particles with high free swell rate value can be without absorbing fast liquid under confined pressure.Contrary with K (t) method of testing, in order to measure free swell speed, gel bed is not applied to external pressure.As measured in K according to the present invention (t) method of testing, the picked-up that the absorbing structure that comprises the super-absorbent polymer particles with too low FSR value reaches 20g/g may not need to be less than 440s, and will therefore can not absorb as soon as possible liquid efflunent.But, as mentioned above, as measured according to K (t) method of testing, comprise that the absorbing structure of the super-absorbent polymer particles with high FSR value does not cause high picked-up value automatically.

In certain embodiments, as measured according to EDANA method WSP241.2-05, this absorbing structure can comprise super-absorbent polymer particles, described particle has the 20g/g of being greater than, or be greater than 24g/g, or 20 to 50g/g, or 20 to 40g/g, or 24 to 30g/g CRC (centrifugal retention volume) value.CRC measures the super-absorbent polymer particles liquid that free swell absorbs in excess liq.

Comprise that the absorbing structure of the super-absorbent polymer particles with high crc value is for preferred, because need less super-absorbent polymer particles to be conducive to the required population size of liquid absorption.

In certain embodiments, as measured according to following smooth collecting test method, this absorbent article can have the 30s of being less than, and is preferably less than first of the 27s acquisition time that shoves.To specifying the baby' diaper (such as Pampers Active Fit size 4 or other Pampers baby' diaper size 4, the baby' diaper size 4 of Huggies baby' diaper size 4 or other trade names of great majority) that is used for having 8 wearers to the body weight in 13kg ± 20% scope to carry out acquisition time measurement.As shown in " example " part of present patent application, compared with the absorbent article of prior art, comprise that (it comprises super-absorbent polymer particles to absorbing structure, and measured according to K (t) method of testing, the picked-up that reaches 20g/g need to be less than 440s) absorbent article acquisition time faster can be provided, especially in the time that first shoves, and therefore reduce seepage.

the structure of absorbent cores

Hereinafter, provided the example of absorbent cores of the present invention.But, the invention is not restricted to this type of absorbent cores.

In certain embodiments, absorbent cores 14 comprises absorption layer 60, as shown in Figures 3 and 4.The basalis 64 of absorption layer 60 can be described as except knoisphere, and has towards the first surface 78 of the egative film 20 of diaper 10 with towards the second surface 80 of super-absorbent polymer particles 66.According to some embodiment, basalis 64 is non-woven material, such as the multi-layer nonwoven material having as outer field spunbond layer and the one or more meltblown layers between spunbond layer, it includes but not limited to SMS material, and described SMS material comprises spunbond layer, meltblown layer and another spunbond layer.Absorption layer 60 can comprise overlayer 70, as shown in Figure 4.Overlayer 70 can be non-woven material, such as the multi-layer nonwoven material having as outer field spunbond layer and the one or more meltblown layers between spunbond layer, it includes but not limited to SMS material, and described SMS material comprises spunbond layer, meltblown layer and another spunbond layer.In certain embodiments, basalis 64 and overlayer 70 are made up of identical material.

As shown in Figures 3 and 4, the form that super-absorbent polymer particles 66 can cluster of particle 90 is deposited on basalis 64, and described cluster of particle comprises the engaging zones 96 between touchdown area 94 and touchdown area 94.Institute is defined herein, and touchdown area 94 does not directly contact the region of nonwoven substrate or auxiliary binder for thermoplastic adhesive materials wherein; Engaging zones 96 is the really directly region of contact nonwoven substrate or auxiliary binder of thermoplastic adhesive materials wherein.Engaging zones 96 comprises seldom or does not comprise super-absorbent polymer particles 66.Touchdown area 94 and engaging zones 96 can have various shape, and described shape includes but not limited to circle, ellipse, square, rectangle, triangle etc.

Thereby thermoplastic adhesive materials 68 provides and keeps the cavity of super-absorbent polymer particles 66, thereby and fix this material.On the other hand, thermoplastic adhesive materials 68 is bonded on basalis 64, and therefore super-absorbent polymer particles 66 is attached on basalis 64.In some other embodiment, thermoplastic adhesive materials 68 will also be infiltrated super-absorbent polymer particles 66 and basalis 64 in both at least in part, therefore provide further fixing and attached.

In some other embodiment, absorbent cores 14 can comprise two absorption layers, the first absorption layer 60 and the second absorption layer 62.Preferably as shown in Figure 5A and 5B, the first absorption layer 60 of absorbent cores 14 comprises the thermoplastic adhesive materials 68 on super-absorbent polymer particles 66 and the super-absorbent polymer particles 66 on basalis 64, basalis 64.Although not shown, the first absorption layer 60 also can comprise all overlayers as shown in Figure 4 70 of overlayer.

Equally, preferably as shown in Figure 5A and 5B, the second absorption layer 62 of absorbent cores 14 also can comprise super-absorbent polymer particles 74 on basalis 72, the second basalis 72 and the thermoplastic adhesive materials 76 on super-absorbent polymer particles 74.Although not shown, the second absorption layer 62 also can comprise all overlayers as shown in Figure 4 70 of overlayer.As mentioned above, the substrate 64 of the first absorption layer 60 can be described as except knoisphere, and has towards the first surface 78 of the egative film 20 of diaper 10 with towards the second surface 80 of super-absorbent polymer particles 66.Equally, the basalis 72 of the second absorption layer 62 can be described as core covering, and has towards the first surface 82 of the top flat 18 of diaper 10 with towards the second surface 84 of super-absorbent polymer particles 74.The first basalis 64 and the second basalis 72 useful binders are adhering to each other around periphery, to form covering around super-absorbent polymer particles 66 and 74, so that super-absorbent polymer particles 66 and 74 is remained in absorbent cores 14.

Depend on the required application of absorbent cores 14 and can mix therein the particular absorbent articles 10 of absorbent cores, the variable area of the absorbent cores 14 that comprises super-absorbent polymer particles.But in certain embodiments, super-absorbent polymer particles region can be extended across absorbent cores 14 substantially completely.In some alternative embodiment, extend across the absorbent cores 14 in the crotch 34 of absorbent article 10 completely in super-absorbent polymer particles region, but not exclusively extend across the absorbent cores 14 in the front and rear of absorbent article 10 in super-absorbent polymer particles region.

The first and second absorption layers 60 and 62 are combined to form absorbent cores 14, make layer can be skew, make super-absorbent polymer particles 74 on super-absorbent polymer particles 66 and the basalis 72 on basalis 64 across super-absorbent polymer particles region continuous distribution substantially, as shown in Figure 5A and 5B.In certain embodiments, although super-absorbent polymer particles 66 and 74 is discontinuously arranged across the first basalis 64 and the second basalis 72 with bunches 90 form, super-absorbent polymer particles 66 and 74 is across super-absorbent polymer particles region continuous distribution substantially.In certain embodiments, these absorption layers can be skew, make the touchdown area 94 of the first absorption layer 60 towards the engaging zones 96 of the second absorption layer 62, and the touchdown area of the second absorption layer 62 is towards the engaging zones 96 of the first absorption layer 60, as shown in Figure 5A and 5B.In the time that touchdown area 94 and engaging zones 96 are suitably set size and arrange, being combined as across the continuous layer substantially of the super-absorbent polymer particles in the super-absorbent polymer particles region of absorbent cores 14 (of the super-absorbent polymer particles 66 and 74 of gained, the first basalis 64 and the second basalis 72 do not form multiple pits, described pit comprise betwixt separately super-absorbent polymer particles 66 and 74 bunches 90), as shown in Figure 5 A.

The amount of super-absorbent polymer particles can or can be along the length variations of core, and common described core is special-shaped on it is longitudinal.Find, for most of absorbent articles, such as diaper, fluid discharge mainly occurs in the first half of diaper.Therefore, the first half of absorbent cores 14 should comprise most of absorptive capacity of core.Therefore, according to some embodiment, the first half of described absorbent cores 14 can comprise the super-absorbent polymer particles that is greater than approximately 60%, or is greater than approximately 65%, 70%, 75%, 80%, 85%, or 90% super-absorbent polymer particles.

Conventionally, thermoplastic adhesive materials can be used for fixing at least in part the super-absorbent polymer particles under dry and wetting two states.Thermoplastic adhesive materials can be arranged between super-absorbent polymer particles substantially equably.But thermoplastic adhesive materials can be used as fibrage conventionally provides, described fibrage contacts with super-absorbent polymer particles at least in part and partly contacts with one or more basalises.Conventionally, thermoplastic adhesive materials of the present invention forms fibrous network on super-absorbent polymer particles.Conventionally, example as shown in Figure 5A and 5B, super-absorbent polymer particles 66 and 74 provides as lipostrat, and the layer of fiber thermoplastic adhesive materials 68 and 76 is laid on the layer of super-absorbent polymer particles 66 and 74, thermoplastic adhesive materials 68 is directly contacted with 74 with super-absorbent polymer particles 66 with 76, but also directly contact with 84 with 72 second surface 80 with basalis 64, wherein basalis is not covered by super-absorbent polymer particles 66 and 74.This fibrage of giving thermoplastic adhesive materials 68 and 76 three-dimensional structure substantially, described structure itself and the yardstick on length direction and Width are in a ratio of the two-dimentional structure substantially of relative little thickness.In other words, thermoplastic adhesive materials 68 and 76 super-absorbent polymer particles 68 and 76 and the second surface of basalis 64 and 72 between rise and fall.

Thermoplastic adhesive materials can provide cavity to be wound around super-absorbent polymer particles, thereby and fixes these particles.On the other hand, thermoplastic adhesive materials is bonded to one or more basalises, and therefore super-absorbent polymer particles is attached to one or more basalises.Some thermoplastic adhesive materials also will infiltrate through in super-absorbent polymer particles and one or more basalis, therefore provide further fixing and attached.Certainly, although thermoplastic adhesive materials disclosed herein provides wet fixing (i.e. the fixing absorbing material in the time that goods load at least partly) of improvement, but in the time that absorbent cores is dry, these thermoplastic adhesive materials also can provide fabulous fixing to absorbing material.Thermoplastic adhesive materials also can be called hot-melt adhesive.

Not bound by theory, find that those thermoplastic adhesive materials that are best suited for fixing super-absorbent polymer particles have good cohesion and good adhesion property concurrently.Good adhesion can promote the good contact between thermoplastic adhesive materials and super-absorbent polymer particles and basalis.Good cohesion can reduce the possibility that bonding agent interrupts, especially in response to external force, and the possibility of interrupting in response to strain.In the time that absorbent cores absorbs liquid, super-absorbent polymer particles is swelling and make thermoplastic adhesive materials stand external force.Thermoplastic adhesive materials can allow this type of swelling and do not interrupt and do not give too many force of compression, and it is swelling that described force of compression will suppress super-absorbent polymer particles.

Thermoplastic adhesive materials can overall comprise the blend of single thermoplastic polymer or thermoplastic polymer, in the time measuring by ASTM method D-36-95 " Ring and Ball ", described polymkeric substance has the softening point in scope between 50 DEG C and 300 DEG C; Or alternatively, thermoplastic adhesive materials can be hot-melt adhesive, it comprises the thermoplastic polymer that at least one and other thermoplasticity thinning agent such as tackifying resin, plastifier and adjuvant such as antioxidant are combined.In certain embodiments, thermoplastic polymer has the glass transition temperature (Tg) or-6 DEG C of <Tg<16 DEG C that are greater than 10,000 molecular weight (Mw) and are usually less than room temperature conventionally.In certain embodiments, the typical concentration of heat fusing polymkeric substance by weight approximately 20% to approximately 40% scope.In certain embodiments, thermoplastic polymer can be water insensitive.Exemplary polymer is for comprising A-B-A tri-block structures, A-B two block structures and (A-B) (styrene) segmented copolymer of n radial block copolymer structure, wherein A block is the non-elastomer polymer block that conventionally comprises polystyrene, and B block is this type of pattern of unsaturated conjugated diene or (part) hydrogenation.B block is generally isoprene, butadiene, ethylene/butylene (hydrogenated butadiene), ethylene/propene (hydrogenated isoprene) or their potpourri.

Adoptable other suitable thermoplastic polymer is metallocene-polyolefin, and they are the ethene polymers that utilizes unit point or metallocene catalyst to prepare.Wherein, at least one comonomer can be with vinyl polymerization to prepare multipolymer, terpolymer or more senior polymkeric substance.What be suitable for equally is amorphous polyolefin or amorphous poly-alpha-olefines (APAO), and they are homopolymer, multipolymer or the terpolymer of C2-C8 alhpa olefin.

In certain embodiments, thermoplastic adhesive materials exists with the form of fiber.In some of these embodiment, fiber will have the average boldness of approximately 1 micron to approximately 50 microns or approximately 1 micron to approximately 35 microns and the about 5mm average length to about 50mm or about 5mm to about 30mm.In order to improve the adhesiveness of thermoplastic adhesive materials to basalis or especially any other non-woven layer of any other layer, this type of layer of available auxiliary binder pre-service.

In certain embodiments, by thermoplastic adhesive materials with every basalis between 0.5 and 30g/m ²between, between 1 and 15g/m ²between, between 1 and 10g/m ²between or even between 1.5 and 5g/m ²between amount be applied on basalis.

A kind of exemplary thermoplastic adhesive materials 68 and 76 can have at 20 DEG C measure at least 30,000Pa, and be less than 300,000Pa, or be less than 200,000Pa, or between 140,000Pa and 200,000Pa, or be less than the storage modulus G' of 100,000Pa.On the other hand, the storage modulus G' measuring at 35 DEG C can be greater than 80,000Pa.On the other hand, the storage modulus G' measuring at 60 DEG C can be less than 300,000Pa and be greater than 18,000Pa, or is greater than 24,000Pa, or is greater than 30,000Pa, or is greater than 90,000Pa.On the other hand, the storage modulus G ' measuring at 90 DEG C can be less than 200,000Pa and be greater than 10,000Pa, or is greater than 20,000Pa, or is greater than 30,000Pa.The storage modulus of measuring at 60 DEG C and 90 DEG C can be measuring of the form stability of thermoplastic adhesive materials under high ambient temperature.If absorbing products uses in hot weather, this value is particular importance, if the storage modulus G' at 60 DEG C and 90 DEG C is enough not high,, in described weather, thermoplastic adhesive materials will lose its integrality.

G' measures with flow graph as shown in Figure 6 schematically; This figure is only for general illustrational object.Flow graph 627 can apply shear stress to bonding agent, and measures caused strain (detrusion) response under steady temperature.Bonding agent is placed in as the Peltier element of bottom plate 628 and is had between the upper plate 629 of 10mm radius R, and described upper plate is connected on the driving shaft of motor to produce shear stress.Gap between two plates has the height H of 1500 microns.Peltier element makes it possible to control the temperature (+0.5 DEG C) of material.Strain amplitude is set as to 0.05%, and strain frequency setting is that 1Hz and cooldown rate are set as 2 DEG C/min (wherein initial temperature is set as 150 DEG C or higher, and end temp is set as-5 DEG C).

Absorbent cores also can comprise the auxiliary binder not illustrating in the drawings.In order to strengthen super-absorbent polymer particles and the thermoplastic adhesive materials adhesiveness to respective substrates layer, before can using super-absorbent polymer particles on basalis, on basalis, deposit auxiliary binder.Auxiliary binder also can help fixing super-absorbent polymer particles, and can comprise and identical as described above thermoplastic adhesive materials, or also can comprise other bonding agent, includes but not limited to the hot-melt adhesive that can spray.The example of the auxiliary binder of commercially available acquisition is the production number HL-1620-B of H.B.Fuller Co. (St.Paul, MN).Auxiliary binder can be administered on basalis by any suitable method, but according to some embodiment, it can be used by spaced apart approximately 0.5 to about 2mm approximately 0.5 to about 1mm wide slit.

top flat

Absorbent article 10 can comprise and can be the permeable top flat 18 of liquid.Top flat 18 can be made up of various materials, such as weaving material and non-woven material; Polymeric material, the thermoplastic film of thermoplastic film, perforate plastic membrane and the hydroforming being shaped such as perforate; Porous foam; Reticulated foams; Cellular thermoplastic film; And thermoplastic scrim.Suitable weaving material and non-woven material (for example can comprise natural fiber, xylogen or cotton fiber), synthon (for example, for example polyester, polypropylene or polyethylene fibre of polymer fiber) or derive from the combination of natural fiber and synthon.

In certain embodiments, top flat 18 can make that wearer's skin and the liquid that sees through top flat 18 are isolated by hydrophobic material.In this type of embodiment, at least a portion of the upper surface of top flat 18 is processed into hydrophilic, make liquid will be more promptly see through top flat 18.This will reduce the possibility that body exudates flows out top flat 18 but not passed top flat 18 and be absorbed wicking receipts by drainage.Top flat 18 usable surface activating agents are processed and are become hydrophilic.With surfactant process the appropriate method of top flat 18 comprise with surfactant spraying top sheet materials and by material soaking in surfactant.

In certain embodiments, top flat includes hole forming film.Perforate formed film can see through but not absorb body exudates, and has and reduce liquid and retreat through and again bleed back the trend of wearer's skin.Therefore, keep dry with the formed film surface of Body contact, reduced thus the possibility of the health of making dirty, and given wearer more comfortable sensation.Suitable formed film top flat is described in following patent: authorize the exercise question of Thompson on Dec 30th, 1975 for the United States Patent (USP) 3,929,135 of " Absorptive Structures Having Tapered Capillaries "; Authorize the people's such as Mullane exercise question April 13 nineteen eighty-two for the United States Patent (USP) 4,324,246 of " Disposable Absorbent Article Having A Stain Resistant Topsheet "; Authorize the people's such as Radel exercise question August 3 nineteen eighty-two for the United States Patent (USP) 4,342,314 of " Resilient Plastic Web Exhibiting Fiber-Like Properties "; Authorize the people's such as Ahr exercise question on July 31st, 1984 for the United States Patent (USP) 4 of " Macroscopically Expanded Three-Dimensional Plastic Web Exhibiting Non-Glossy Visible Surface and Cloth-Like Tactile Impression ", 463,045; And authorize the United States Patent (USP) 5,006,394 " Multilayer Polymeric Film " of Baird on April 9th, 1991.

Alternatively, top flat comprises porose non-woven material.Suitable porose non-woven material is described in United States Patent (USP) 5,342,338 and PCT application WO93/19715 in.

egative film

Absorbent article can comprise the egative film 20 that can be attached on top flat.Egative film can prevent from being absorbed wicking and receive and be contained in dirty other external articles that may touching diaper of effluent in diaper, such as sheet and underwear.In certain embodiments, egative film can for liquid substantially (for example, urine) impermeable, and comprise the layered product of non-woven material and thin plastic, described film is such as having the thermoplastic film of about 0.012mm (0.5 mil) to about 0.051mm (2.0 mil) thickness.Suitable sheet films comprises those that manufactured and sold with trade name X15306, X10962 and X10964 by Tredegar Industries Inc. (Terre Haute, Ind.).Other suitable stock footage can comprise that permission steam still prevents that liquid efflunent from seeing through the ventilative material of egative film from diaper effusion simultaneously.The microporous barrier of the called after EXXAIRE that exemplary breathable materials can comprise material such as woven web, non-woven webs, manufacture such as the compound substance of the non-woven webs of film dressing and the called after ESPOIR NO manufacturing such as Japanese Mitsui Toatsu Co. and EXXON Chemical Co. (Bay City, Tex).Comprise the Clopay Corporation that is suitable for breathable composite materials and derives from title HYTREL blend P18-3097 Cincinnati of polymer blend.This type of ventilative compound substance is described in greater detail in the PCT patented claim WO95/16746 that June 22 nineteen ninety-five, the name with E.I.DuPont was announced.Other breathable backsheet including non-woven webs and perforate formed film is described in to be authorized in the people's such as Dobrin United States Patent (USP) 5,571,096 on November 5th, 1996.

method of testing

. k (t) method of testing (dynamically effective permeability and picked-up kinetic measurement method of testing)

The method is measured time dependence effective permeability (K (t)) and the picked-up dynamics of the absorbing structure that comprises super-absorbent polymer particles under confined pressure.The object of the method is to assess in the time that polymkeric substance is present in absorbent article with high concentration and be exposed under the mechanical pressure conventionally occurring between the operating period at absorbent article, the absorbing structure collection that comprises super-absorbent polymer particles and the ability of distributing body fluid.Darcy law and stable-state flow method are used for calculating effective permeability (vide infra).(also can be referring to for example, by P.K.Chatterjee, " Absorbency " that Elsevier writes, 1982,42-43 page, and " Chemical Engineering ", II volume, the third edition, J.M.Coulson and J.F.Richardson, Pergamon Press, 1978, the 122-127 pages).

Contrary with the method in front announcement, sample is not swelling in advance, therefore not by making hydrogel form super-absorbent polymer particles pre-swelling hydrogel that forms in synthetic urine solution, but the in the situation that of drying structure, starts to measure.

For the equipment of the method be called as " " or " time dependence osmolarity tester ", device number 03-080578 also can be at BRAUN GmbH, Frankfurter Str.145, and 61476Kronberg, Germany is commercially available, and as described below.As required, also can provide operational manual, wiring diagram and detailed technology drawing.

dynamically effective permeability and picked-up kinetic measurement system

Fig. 7 shows dynamic effective permeability and picked-up kinetic measurement system, is called " time dependence osmolarity tester " herein.

Described equipment is made up of following critical piece:

Digital laser sensor 701 (MEL Mikroelektronik GmbH, 85386Eching, Germany for-M11 thickness measure

-liquid level detects with fiber 702 (FU95, Keyence Corp., Japan)

-digital fiber sensor 703 (FS-N10, Keyence Corp., Japan)

-precision balance 704 (XP6002MDR, Mettler Toledo AG, 8606Greifensee, Switzerland)

-power unit logo! Power supply (C98130-A7560-A1-5-7519, Siemens AG)

-Labview software license 706 (National Instruments, Austin, Tx, USA)

-receiving vessel 707 (5L Glass Beaker, Roth)

-there is the reservoir 708 (5L vial, VWR) of joint 709 and air inlet open tube 723

-operating unit and control desk 705 (Conrad Electronics)

-computerized data acquisition system 710

-piston/drum assembly 713 as described herein

-operation valve 714 (B ü rkert)

Fig. 8 shows the piston/drum assembly 713 that comprises piston guide capping 801, piston 802 and cylinder 803.Cylinder 803 by transparent polycarbonate (as ) make and have internal diameter p (area=28.27cm of 6.00cm ²).Interior cylinder wall 850 is smooth; The height r of cylinder is about 7.50cm.Bottom 804 faces of cylinder 803 are lined with Unite States Standard (USS) 400 order stainless steel mesh cloth (not shown) (for example, purchased from Weisse and Eschrich), its on the bottom 804 that is attached to cylinder 803 before two-way stretch to tensioned state.Piston 802 is made up of stainless steel piston main body 805 and stainless steel tap 806.The diameter q of piston head 806 is slightly less than 6cm, enters cylinder 803 and does not leave any gap that gel-forming particle is passed to be free to slide.Piston main body 805 is vertically attached to piston head 806 center securely.Piston main body diameter t is about 2.2cm.Then piston main body 805 is inserted in piston guide capping 801.Guiding capping 801 has POM (polyoxymethylene) ring 809, described ring has the piston of making 802 and is free to slide, but once the piston 802 with guiding capping 801 is positioned on the top of cylinder 803, keeps piston main body 805 completely vertically and be parallel to the diameter of cylinder wall 850.The top view of piston head 806 is illustrated in Fig. 9.Piston head 806 is intended to exert pressure uniformly to sample 718.It is also permeable to hydrophilic liquid height, so that confined liquid is not mobile during measuring.Piston head 806 is made up of Unite States Standard (USS) 400 order stainless steel mesh cloth 903 (for example, purchased from Weisse and Eschrich), its by two-way stretch to tensioned state and be fixed on piston head stainless steel outer shroud 901 places.The whole lower surface of piston is smooth.Then the bending of guaranteeing structural intergrity and resisting screen cloth by stainless steel radial spoke 902.It is 596g (± 6g) that the height of selection piston main body 805 makes the weight of the piston 802 being made up of piston main body 805 and piston head 806, and this area divided by cylinder 803 is corresponding to 0.30psi.Piston guide capping 801 is that diameter s is the oblate stainless steel of about 7.5cm, and it passes through the POM ring 809 of the heart therein and keeps vertical with piston main body 805.In guiding capping, there are two entrances (810 and 812).

The first entrance 812, once allow piston 802 and cylinder 803 to assemble for measuring, is positioned at 5cm above the top surface of screen cloth (not shown) that is attached to cylinder 803 bottoms (804) just by liquid level detection with fiber 702.The second entrance 810 allows to be connected with the liquid line 721 that liquid is provided to experiment.

As one man carry out for the assembling of guaranteeing piston 802 and cylinder 803, on cylinder 803, prepare slit 814 and mate with the piston mark 813 in guiding capping 801.With which, the rotation angle of cylinder and guiding capping is identical all the time.

Before each use, should check whether the stainless steel sift screen cloth 903 of piston head 806 and cylinder 803 stops up, broken hole or excessively stretch, and replaceable where necessary.K (t) equipment that screen cloth damages can provide wrong K (t) and picked-up kinetic results, thereby must not use until replace screen cloth.

Above the top surface of the screen cloth on cylinder on the bottom 804 that is attached to cylinder 803, the height k place of 5.00cm (± 0.02cm) marks 5cm mark 808.The fluid content that this mark will keep during analyzing.Liquid level detection is positioned to 5cm mark 808 places just with fiber 702.Keep correct and constant fluid content (fluid pressure) very crucial for measuring accuracy.

Keep the reservoir 708 of piston/drum assembly 713 of sample and operation valve 714 for salt solusion being delivered to cylinder 803 and salt solusion being maintained to the level at the height k place of the screen cloth top surface top 5.00cm of the bottom that is attached to cylinder 804 by being connected to via tubing.Valve 714, liquid level detection are connected to computerized acquisition system 710 with fiber 702 and digital fiber sensor 703 by operating unit 705.This make dynamic effective permeability and picked-up kinetic measurement system use from liquid level detect with the information operation valve 714 of fiber 702 and digital fiber sensor 703 also the most at last liquid level maintain 5cm mark 808 places.

As follows reservoir 708 is placed in to piston/drum assembly 713 tops, thereby makes to form 5cm statical head in 15 seconds that start test, and maintain in cylinder in whole test procedure.Piston/drum assembly 713 is positioned on the support ring 717 of cover plate 716 and the first entrance 812 is kept in place by docking support member 719.This makes to guide capping 801 to only have a site.In addition,, due to telltale mark 813, therefore also only there is a site for cylinder 803.Be attached to screen cloth level and the horizontal completely of the bottom of cylinder 804.Support ring 717 must have enough little internal diameter, thus back-up roller 803 securely, thereby once but being greater than 6.0cm is positioned at cylinder outside the internal diameter that is just laid on cylinder on support ring 717.This is important, thus any interference effect of avoiding support ring 717 and liquid to flow.

Now, the salt solusion that is applied to sample 718 under the constant statical head of 5cm can flow freely in receiving vessel 707 from piston/drum assembly 713, and described receiving vessel is positioned at degree of accuracy on the balance 704 in ± 0.01g.The numeral output of balance is connected to computerized data acquisition system (DAS).

Constantly measure the thickness (thickness) of sample with thickness measure digital laser sensor 701.The laser beam of digital laser sensor 701 720 is aimed to the POM cover plate 811 center of piston main body.The accurate location of all parts of piston/drum assembly 713 makes piston main body 805 be parallel to laser beam 720 completely and therefore obtains the accurate measurement of thickness.

test is prepared

With test solution filling reservoir 708.Test solution is the aqueous solution that every liter of solution comprises 9.00 grams of sodium chloride and 1.00 grams of surfactants.The preparation of test solution has below been described.Receiving vessel 707 is placed on the balance 704 that is connected to computerized data acquisition system 710.Before starting measurement, balance is reset to zero.

the preparation of test liquid:

Required chemical reagent:

-sodium chloride (CAS 7647-14-5, for example: Merck, catalog number (Cat.No.) 1.06404.1000)

-linear C ₁₂-C ₁₄alcohol ethoxylate (CAS 68439-50-9, for example , Sasol, Italy)

-deionization H ₂o

Prepare the deionized water solution that decaliter comprises the linear C12-C14 alcohol ethoxylate of 9.00 grams per liter NaCl and 1.00 grams per liters, and at 23 DEG C ± 1 DEG C balance 1 hour.To 3, independently decile surface tension and its should be 28 ± 0.5mN/m.If the surface tension of solution is different from 28 ± 0.5mN/m, abandons solution and prepare new test solution.Test solution must use in 36 hours and after this be regarded as expired starting from its preparation.

the preparation of K (t) sample

Obtain the representative circle part of the absorbing structure of 6.00cm diameter.Available suitable circular punch die and fluid pressure type mold pressing cutter (for example Electro-Hydraulic Alfa Cutter240-10, derive from Thwing-Albert equipment company, 14W.Collings Ave.West Berlin, NJ08091) obtain this part of absorbent article.

By circular sample 118 smooth being positioned on screen cloth (not shown) carefully, described screen cloth is attached to the bottom 204 of cylinder 203, occupies all usable surface on screen cloth.Importantly come as follows side that positioning round sample 118 directly contacts with screen cloth for as downside, described side is in use common further from fluid supply in use reproduce common flow direction.For example, for the sample relevant to absorbent article such as diaper, conventionally should be positioned on top towards wearer's side, and should be positioned to contact with the screen cloth of cylinder bottom towards the side of clothes.For the precision of measuring, it is vital locating carefully sample.If the yardstick of this absorbing structure is less thereby can not obtain from it sample of 6.0cm diameter, likely two absorbing structures of equivalent size are joined together to obtain required smallest sample size.Described two samples need to obtain from the same position of two identical absorbing structures.Described two absorbing structures should engage by straight edge, and if necessary, cut them to obtain this type of straight edge.The object of doing is like this to make the edge engaging regenerate and do not have or only have extremely closely spaced smooth uniform bed.Then prepare to process this knitting layer according to above-mentioned master sample, make to significant care closing line be centered in cutting punch die to obtain two semicircles of same shape.Importantly these two semicircles are positioned at carefully in sample clamping device to regenerate wholecircle and occupy the whole usable surface on screen cloth and do not there is or only have minimum gap.This two half-unit must be positioned to make side towards screen cloth as above.But in most of embodiment, sample forms the circular portion of the one by this absorbing structure.

for extract the method for absorbing structure from absorbent article

This absorbent article is positioned on smooth surface.As fruit product comprises the structure (such as hoop elastomeric element) that stops its flattening, with suitable cut-space, they flatten with permission product.

First identifying and should separate as described below will be according to the part of the super-absorbent polymer particles that comprises at least 90 % by weight of this absorbing structure of K (t) method of testing test.

Remove all material of a part that is not this absorbing structure from this absorbing structure, note not damaging undeservedly this absorbing structure.

If it is for example attached such as thermoplastic adhesive materials by adhesive material that these materials that will remove have been attached on this absorbing structure, for fear of this structure of damage, can be by cold spraying with the chilling temperature of-50 to-60 DEG C (such as " IT Icer " or " PRF101 cold spraying ", derive from Taerosol, Kangasala Finland) remove them, as example as shown in Figure 15.

Figure 15 shows a kind of absorbing structure 151 that comprises super-absorbent polymer polymer beads 152, and described particle is interposed between two basalises 153,154.Therefore what material layer 156 was attached to basalis 153,154 is not a part for absorbing structure 151 in the lump.Need to remove this layer from absorbing structure 151.For fear of excessive damage absorbing structure 151, in the cooling adhesive material 155 of cold spraying 157, pull the material layer 156 that will remove from absorbing structure 151 from absorbing structure 151 with the peel geometry of 180 °.For the each single part of material layer 156, described spraying should continue at least 1 second but be not more than 5 seconds.

Having removed after each material, the remainder of this absorbing structure is remained under the pressure of 0.3psi, until temperature retrieval is to initial value (TAPPI laboratory condition).

The upper strata of this absorbing structure and/or lower floor can suitably be punched to allow liquid to flow through, as example as shown in figure 16, its expression comprises the absorbing structure 161 of super-absorbent polymer particles 162, described particle is interposed between two basalises 163,164.Punching is used thermometal tip (also referred to as punching most advanced and sophisticated 165) to carry out, and it comprises that diameter H is the steel pole 166 of 0.7 ± 0.2mm.Around scolder tip 167 such as deriving from ERSA GmbH, Wertheim, the standard clip of the CT60/621 bending of Germany can be used for this object.Punching most advanced and sophisticated 165 should be set in the temperature of 310 ± 20 DEG C.Punching most advanced and sophisticated 165 is positioned to the layer that will punch with low-pressure short contact to punch these layers, for example, punch by melting and do not affect any other material of absorbing structure 161.These holes are to produce with regularly arranged square perforation pattern by identical code, and described pattern has the bore edges of 1 ± 0.2mm to Edge Distance D, as example as shown in figure 17.

By means of the integrality that visually checks each absorbing structure backlight, and the absorbing structure of discarded damage.Damage example for example: non-existent otch, hole, wrinkle before removing absorbing structure from absorbent article.Be not considered to damage with the most advanced and sophisticated perforation of making of punching in these layers, unless they affect other layer.The basic migration in this absorbing structure of super-absorbent polymer particles and fiber is also considered to damage.

Then according to so absorbing structure of preparation of K (t) method of testing cutting.

k (t) program

Described measurement is carried out under Tappi laboratory condition: 23 DEG C ± 1 DEG C/50%RH ± 2%.

Empty piston/drum assembly 713 be arranged in the circular open of cover plate 716 and supported around its following peripheral by support ring 717.With docking support member 719, piston/drum assembly 713 is kept in position, wherein with suitable angle, cylinder 803 and piston 802 are alignd.By digital laser sensor measurement root thickness reading (r _r).After this, from cover plate 716, remove sky piston/drum assembly 713 and from cylinder 803, remove support ring 717 and piston 802.

By sample 718 locate (absorbing structure) online at rotary screen as above.After this, by the telltale mark 813 of guiding capping 801 is mated with the slit 814 of preparation in cylinder 803, and will be arranged on carefully in cylinder 803 with the piston 802 that guides capping 801 to combine.

With docking support member 719, piston/drum assembly is kept in position, wherein with suitable angle, cylinder and piston are alignd.

This can only carry out in one way.Liquid line 721 is connected to reservoir 708 and digital fiber sensor 703 is inserted in piston/drum assembly 713 via two entrances 810 and 812 in guiding capping 801.

Computerized data acquisition system (DAS) 710 is connected to balance 704 and is connected to thickness measure digital laser sensor 701.Liquid flows to cylinder 803 from reservoir 708 and opens valve 714 by computer program and start.Fill cylinder until reached 5cm mark 808 in 5 to 15 seconds, after this, computer program adjust flux is to maintain constant 5cm statical head.Measure by the amount of solution of sample 718 by balance 704, and increase by laser calliper detect thickness.In the time that liquid flow starts, particularly in the time that valve 714 is opened for the first time, start data acquisition, and continue 21 minutes or until reservoir running dry no longer maintains 5cm statical head.The duration of one-shot measurement is 21 minutes, with interval periodic logging laser caliper and balance reading that can be according to measurement range and change for from 2 to 10 seconds, and duplicate measurements 3 times.

After 21 minutes, be successfully completed the measurement of the 1st replicate determination, and operation valve 714 is closed automatically.Remove piston/drum assembly 713, and therefore carry out all the time the measurement of the 2nd time and the 3rd time replicate determination according to identical program.In the time that the measurement of the 3rd replicate determination finishes, operation valve 714 stops liquid flow and closes the piston 722 of reservoir 708.The raw data of collecting stores with the form of simple data table, and then it can must be imported the program of analyzing for further, for example Excel2003, SP3 by easy.

In tables of data, report the following relevant information of each reading:

The time starting from experiment

The weight of the liquid of being collected by the receiving vessel 707 on balance 704

The thickness of sample 718

In K (t) and picked-up dynamics calculation, adopt the data that finished to experiment from 30 seconds.The data that gathered at first 30 seconds are not included in calculating.Then, use following formula group to measure effective permeability K (t) and the picked-up dynamics of absorbing structure.

formula used:

Following table has been described symbol used in formula.

Calculate driving pressure by statical head as follows:

Δp＝h·G·ρ＝4929.31g/(cm·s ²)

At each time t _ithickness as time t _itime the reading of thickness transducer and the datum readings of n.s. difference calculate:

With regard to super absorbing particles sample, by time t _i=0 (d ₀) time thickness of sample for evaluating the sprinkling amount of particle.

The apparent sample rate of cylinder inside in fact can calculate as follows:

If the apparent density of this cylinder inside and the apparent density of powder differ by more than ± 40%, must think measure invalid and by its elimination.

Can measure apparent density (" Superabsorbent materials-Polyacrylate superabsorbent powders-GRAVIMETRIC DETERMINATION OF DENSITY ") according to EDANA method 406.2 – 02

Time t _itime balance reading over time rate calculate as follows:

Time t _ishi Houdu reading over time rate calculates as follows:

The following picked-up dynamics of calculating:

So-called dry-eye disease volume (V _s) represent the skeleton volume of sample, therefore V _sfor not comprising hole and the gap that may exist, the shared actual volume of solid material in dry-eye disease.

V _scan calculate or measure by distinct methods well known by persons skilled in the art, for example, correct composition and the skeletal density of known component, it can be measured as follows:

Select as another kind, with regard to unknown material compositions, V _scan easily calculate as follows:

Average density ρ _scan measure by the hydrometry of the suitable non-swelling liquid with known density.Can not carry out this technology for the same sample of measuring for K (t) subsequently, therefore, should be for the preparation of the suitable additional representative sample group of this experiment measuring.

By calculate as mentioned above the different time stage time U (t), can measure the picked-up under any special time by linear interpolation.For example, picked-up when one of important output is 20 minutes, also referred to as U20 (unit is g/g).

U (t) during by the different time stage, also can be measured and be reached some and absorb the required time by linear interpolation.By reach for the first time 20g/g picked-up time time be called T20.Similarly, can therefore calculate the time (for example T5 or T10) that reaches any other picked-up.Known U20, the U (t) also can be by the different time stage time measures 80% the time that reaches U20, and this performance is called to T80%.

As follows, calculate effective permeability by mass change and thickness change:

The virtual viscosity of liquid depend on temperature and experiment interval in (23 DEG C ± 1 DEG C) calculate according to following experimental formula:

η＝A+B·T [g/(cm.s)]

Wherein A=1,479.10 ^-2[g/ (cm.s)], and B=-2.36.10 ^-4[g/ (cm.s. DEG C)]

By K (t _i), can calculate the effective permeability under some time by linear interpolation.For example, picked-up when one of important output is 20 minutes, also referred to as K20 (m ²).Similarly, can therefore calculate any perviousness (for example K5 or K10) under At All Other Times.

Be Kmin derived from other parameter of data, it is at t _i=30s to t _iin the interval of=1200s, minimum K (t) value of measuring through whole Curves.This value can be used for calculating K min/K20, the ratio between perviousness when it is minimum effective permeability and 20 minutes.In some sample, may there is instantaneous gel blockage in this Parametric Representation.If described value approaches 1, there is not instantaneous gel blockage, if described value approaches 0, it is that material stands the instruction that effective permeability is fallen by force in the time that original upload has liquid.

According to required degree of accuracy well known by persons skilled in the art, the mean value of T20, T80%, K20, U20 and Kmin/K20 is reported by 3 replicate determinations.

. thickness measure method of testing.

The method aims to provide the program of the thickness of the absorbent cores of measuring absorbent article crotch point place.Test available conventional calliper and carry out, as EG-225 type, it is purchased from ONO SOKKI Technology Inc., 2171Executive Drive, Suite400, Addison, IL60101, USA, there is suitable instrument calibration, the aluminum circular sample pin of 41mm diameter, the power being applied by described pin is 10gf.Increase additional counterweight to realize 160gf altogether, thereby regulate pressure to 1.18kPa (0.173psi).

Determining after the accurate location of when assembling absorbent cores in absorbent article, in absorbent cores is assembled in to absorbent article before, measure the thickness of absorbent cores.But thickness also can be by mensuration after absorbent cores being taken out from finished product by any proper method well known by persons skilled in the art.

The crotch point of absorbent article is measured at the longitudinal centre line of goods and the intersection point place of cross central line.

basic scheme

1. all tests are all to carry out under 23 ± 1 DEG C and 50 ± 2% relative humidity.

2. make absorbent cores balance 8 hours under 23 ± 1 DEG C and 50 ± 2% relative humidity.

3. measuring as mentioned above crotch puts and is marked on the wearer surface of absorbent cores.

4. absorbent cores is positioned under calliper, wherein wearer surface is positioned at described underfooting towards sample contact feet and crotch dot center.

5. make sample contact feet reduce gently with the Surface Contact of absorbent cores.

6. contact latter 5 seconds with absorbent cores at pin, obtain reading.

. urine permeability is measured (UPM) method of testing

urine permeability measuring system

The method is measured the perviousness of swelling hydrogel layer 1318.Device description for the method is as follows.SFC (saline flow conductivity) method of testing of the method and prior art is closely related.

Figure 10 shows perviousness and measures system 1000, and it is equipped with constant statical head reservoir 1014, permits end openings pipe 1010, the plug mouth 1012 for recharging, experiment frame 1016, transfer tube 1018, piston 1020, ring bracing frame 1022, receiving vessel 1024, balance 1026 and piston/drum assembly 1028 that air enters.

Figure 11 shows the piston/drum assembly 1028 that comprises metal counterweight 1112, the axis of the piston 1114, piston head 1118, capping 1116 and cylinder 1120.Cylinder 1120 by transparent polycarbonate (as ) make and have the internal diameter p of 6.00cm, (area=28.27cm2), wherein in cylinder wall 1150 be smooth.The bottom 1148 of cylinder 1120 is coated with Unite States Standard (USS) 400 order stainless steel mesh cloth (not shown), its before being attached to the bottom 1148 of cylinder 1120 biaxial stretching to tensioned state.The axis of the piston 1114 by transparent polycarbonate (as ) make and have the total length q of about 127mm.The middle part 1126 of the axis of the piston 1114 has the diameter r of 21.15mm.The top 1128 of the axis of the piston 1114 has the diameter s of 15.8mm, forms shoulder 1124.The bottom 1146 of the axis of the piston 1114 has the diameter t of about 5/8 inch, and has screw thread to be screwed to tightly in the center pit 1218 of piston head 1118 (referring to Figure 12).Piston head 1118 is perforated, its by transparent polycarbonate (as ) make, and the Unite States Standard (USS) 400 order stainless steel mesh cloth (not shown) of stretching are also housed.Counterweight 1112 is stainless steel, has center pit 1130, slides on the top 1128 of the axis of the piston 1114 and rests on shoulder 1124.Piston head 1118, the axis of the piston 1114 are 596g (± 6g) with the combination weight of counterweight 1112, and it is equivalent to the 0.30psi on cylinder 1120 areas.Can by the downward drilling blind hole of central axis 1132 along the axis of the piston 1114 with removing materials and/or provide cavity with increase counterweight adjust combination weight.The cylinder capping 1116 therein heart has the first capping opening 1134 for perpendicular alignmnet the axis of the piston 1114, and keeps to the side and 1138 have the second capping opening 1136 for fluid is introduced to cylinder 1120 by constant statical head reservoir 1014.

Radially mark the first linear cue mark (not shown) along the upper surface 1152 of counterweight 1112, described the first linear cue mark is transverse to the central axis 1132 of the axis of the piston 1114.Radially mark corresponding the second linear cue mark (not shown) along the top surface 1160 of the axis of the piston 1114, described the second linear cue mark is transverse to the central axis 1132 of the axis of the piston 1114.Mark corresponding the 3rd linear cue mark (not shown) along the axis of the piston 1114 middle parts 1126, described the 3rd linear cue mark is parallel to the central axis 1132 of the axis of the piston 1114.Radially mark corresponding the 4th linear cue mark (not shown) along the upper surface 1140 of cylinder capping 1116, described the 4th linear cue mark is transverse to the central axis 1132 of the axis of the piston 1114.In addition, mark corresponding the 5th linear cue mark (not shown) along the antelabium 1154 of cylinder capping 1116, described the 5th linear cue mark is parallel to the central axis 1132 of the axis of the piston 1114.Mark corresponding the 6th linear cue mark (not shown) along outer cylinder wall 1142, described the 6th linear cue mark is parallel to the central axis 1132 of the axis of the piston 1114.Make first, second, third, fourth, the 5th and the 6th linear cue mark alignment reorientates counterweight 1112, the axis of the piston 1114, cylinder capping 1116 and cylinder 1120 in the time of each measurement by relative to each other identical orientation.

Cylinder 1120 specification details are:

The external diameter u:70.35mm of cylinder 1120

The internal diameter p:60.0mm of cylinder 1120

The height v:60.5mm of cylinder 1120

Cylinder capping 1116 specification details are:

The external diameter w:76.05mm of cylinder capping 1116

The internal diameter x:70.5mm of cylinder capping 1116

The thickness y:12.7mm of the cylinder capping 1116 including antelabium 1154

The thickness z:6.35mm of the cylinder capping 1116 during without antelabium 1154

The diameter a:22.25mm of the first capping opening 1134

The diameter b of the second capping opening 1136: 12.7mm

Distance between the center of the first and second capping openings 1134 and 1136: 23.5mm

Counterweight 1112 specification details are:

External diameter c:50.0mm

The diameter d of central bore 1130: 16.0mm

Height e:39.0mm

Piston head 1118 specification details are:

Diameter f:59.7mm

Height g:16.5mm

Outer hole 1214 (14 altogether) has the diameter h of 9.65mm, and outer hole 1214 is equidistant

Spaced apart, the wherein center 47.8mm of centre distance center pit 1218

Endoporus 1216 (7 altogether) has the diameter i of 9.65mm, between endoporus 1216 is equidistant

Separate the center 26.7mm of its centre distance center pit 1218

Center pit 1218 has the diameter j of 5/8 inch, and has screw thread to hold the axis of the piston

1114 bottom 1146.

Use before, should check whether the stainless steel mesh (not shown) of piston head 1118 and cylinder 1120 stops up, broken hole or excessively stretch, replaceable where necessary.There is the UPM result of the exportable mistake of urine permeability measuring equipment of impaired screen cloth, and necessarily do not use before screen cloth replaces it.

Above screen cloth (not shown) on cylinder 1120 on the bottom 1148 that is attached to cylinder 1120, the height k place of 5.00cm (± 0.05cm) marks 5.00cm mark 1156.The fluid content that this mark will keep during analyzing.Keep correct and constant fluid content (fluid pressure) very crucial to accuracy of measurement.

Constant statical head reservoir 1014 is for salt solusion 1032 is transferred to cylinder 1120, and the height k place of 5.00cm above the screen cloth (not shown) of the level that keeps salt solusion 1032 on the bottom 1148 that is attached to cylinder 1120.The bottom 1034 of location draft tube 1010, so that salt solusion 1032 levels in cylinder 1120 of remaining on during measuring are at required 5.00cm height k place, in the time that cylinder 1120 is positioned on the mesh support screen (not shown) on the ring stand 1040 of receiving vessel 1024 tops, the bottom 1034 of draft tube 1010 is positioned at roughly same plane 1038 with the 5.00cm mark 1156 on cylinder 1120.Draft tube 1010 is very crucial for analyzing with suitably highly aliging of 5.00cm mark 1156 on cylinder 1120.A kind of suitable reservoir 1014 is made up of wide-necked bottle 1030, and described wide-necked bottle comprises: for the L-type transfer tube 1018 of the horizontal alignment of fluid transport, for allowing the vertical orientated end openings pipe 1010 at the level altitude place of air in constant statical head reservoir 1014 and for recharging the plug mouth 1012 of constant statical head reservoir 1014.Pipe 1010 has the internal diameter of 12.5mm ± 0.5mm.Approach the transfer tube 1018 of the bottom 1042 of constant statical head reservoir 1014 locating and comprise the piston 1020 transmitting for start/stop salt solusion 1032.The size of the outlet 1044 of customization transfer tube 1018 is with the second capping opening 1136 through in cylinder capping 1116, and its end is positioned under the surface of salt solusion 1032 of cylinder 1120 (reaching after 5.00cm height in cylinder 1120 at salt solusion 1032).Overlap (not shown) with O shape loop mapping draft tube 1010 is remained on to appropriate location.Constant statical head reservoir 1014 can be positioned on laboratory crane 1016, so that with respect to its height of the height control of cylinder 1120.Customize constant statical head reservoir 1014 size of components in case Fast Filling cylinder 1120 to desired height (, statical head) and keep this height during whole measurement.Constant statical head reservoir 1014 must be with the traffic transport salt solusion of 3g/s at least 1032 at least 10 minutes.

Piston/drum assembly 1028 is positioned to 16 order rigidity stainless steel mesh support screen (not shown) (or equivalent) upper, described mesh support screen is supported on ring stand 1040 or suitable alternative rigid mount.This mesh support screen (not shown) can fully permeate to can not stop salt solusion 1032 to flow, and has enough rigidity and be not stretched to support stainless steel mesh cloth (not shown).Mesh support screen (not shown) should be smooth and level to avoid test period piston/drum assembly 1028 to tilt.Salt solusion by mesh support screen (not shown) 1032 is collected in and is received in container 1024, and described container is positioned at (but not supporting) under mesh support screen (not shown).To receive container 1024 to be arranged on the balance 1026 that precision is at least 0.01g.The numeral output of balance 1026 is connected to computerized data acquisition system (DAS) (not shown).

the preparation of reagent(not shown)

Jayco synthetic urine solution (JSU) 1312 (referring to Figure 13) is as swelling phase (referring to following UPM program), and the sodium chloride of 0.118M (NaCl) solution is as mobile phase (referring to following UPM program).Below preparation is 1 liter of volume of reference standard.If preparation is different from the volume of 1 liter, therefore all amounts weigh in proportion.

jSU: fill the volumetric flask of 1L to 80% of its volume with distilled water, and magnetic stirring bar is placed in to volumetric flask.Utilize analytical balance weigh paper or the beaker amount (being accurate to ± 0.01g) of following dry ingredient of weighing respectively, and they are quantitatively added in volumetric flask with listed below same sequence.Agitating solution on suitable agitator disk until all solids dissolve, take out stirring rod, and with distilled water diluting solution the volume to 1L.Again put into stirring rod, and in stirring rod other agitating solution a few minutes.

The salt consumption of 1 liter of Jayco synthetic urine solution of preparation:

Potassium chloride (KCl) 2.00g

Sodium sulphate (Na ₂sO4) 2.00g

Ammonium dihydrogen phosphate (ADP) (NH ₄h ₂pO ₄) 0.85g

Diammonium hydrogen phosphate ((NH ₄) ₂hPO ₄) 0.15g

Lime chloride (CaCl ₂) 0.19g – [or hydration lime chloride (CaCl ₂2H ₂o) 0.25g]

Magnesium chloride (MgCl ₂) 0.23g – [or hydrated magnesium chloride (MgCl ₂6H ₂o) 0.50g]

In order to make preparation rapider, every kind of salt will dissolve completely before adding lower one.The synthetic urine of Jayco can store 2 weeks in clean glass container.If it is muddy that solution becomes, this solution should not re-use.Be 10 days the storage life in clean plastic containers.

sodium chloride (NaCl) solution of 0.118M: the sodium chloride of 0.118M is used as to salt solusion 1032.Weigh paper or beaker of use weighs up 6.90g (± 0.01g) sodium chloride and it transferred in 1L volumetric flask quantitatively; And with distilled water capacity fill bottle.Add stirring rod and on agitator disk agitating solution until all solids dissolve.

test is prepared

Use the solid basic circle cylindricality counterweight (not shown) (diameter of 40mm; The height of 140mm) thicknessmeter (not shown) (for example, Mitotoyo Digimatic Height Gage) is set to reading zero.This operation can be carried out easily on the worktable of smooth and level 1046.Piston/the drum assembly 1028 that does not contain super-absorbent polymer particles is placed under calliper (not shown) and records reading L ₁, be accurate to 0.01mm.

Fill constant statical head reservoir 1014 with salt solusion 1032.The bottom 1034 of location draft tube 1010, to keep the top (not shown) of liquid meniscus (not shown) in cylinder 1120 at 5.00cm mark 1156 places during measuring.The suitable height alignment at 5.00cm mark 1156 places of draft tube 1010 on cylinder 1120 is very crucial for analyzing.

Receiving container 1024 is placed on balance 1026, and the numeral output of balance 1026 is connected to the data acquisition system (DAS) (not shown) of computing machine processing.Receive container 1024 tops by being placed in the ring stand 1040 of 16 order rigidity stainless steel mesh support screen (not shown).This 16 eye mesh screen (not shown) should have enough rigidity with support piston/drum assembly during measuring 1028.Mesh support screen (not shown) must smooth and level.

uPM program

Utilize analytical balance that 1.5g (± 0.05g) super-absorbent polymer particles is weighed to the suitable paper or weigh on aid of weighing.The water cut of super-absorbent polymer particles is measured according to Edana water cut method of testing 430.1-99 (" Superabsorbent materials – Polyacrylate superabsorbent powders – Moisture Content – weight loss upon heating " (in February, 99)).If the water cut of super-absorbent polymer particles is greater than 5%, super-absorbent polymer particles weight reply moisture is proofreaied and correct (, in this particular case, the super-absorbent polymer particles adding should be 1.5g based on dry weight basis).

Empty cylinder 1120 is placed on horizontal table 1046, and super-absorbent polymer particles is quantitatively transferred in cylinder 1120.Super-absorbent polymer particles is dispersed in be attached to by jiggling, rotate and/or pat cylinder 1120 on the screen cloth (not shown) on the bottom 1148 of cylinder 1120.Particle being uniformly distributed for obtaining the highest precision result on the screen cloth (not shown) of bottom 1148 that is attached to cylinder 1120 is very crucial.Be evenly distributed on the screen cloth (not shown) of the bottom 1148 that is attached to cylinder 1120 at super-absorbent polymer particles after, particle necessarily can not be attached on interior cylinder wall 1150.Insert the axis of the piston 1114 by the first capping opening 1134, the antelabium 1154 of wherein capping 1116 faces piston head 1118.Piston head 1118 is inserted to the degree of depth to several centimetres in cylinder 1120 carefully.Then capping 1116 is placed in the top edge 1144 of cylinder 1120, keeps carefully piston head 1118 away from super-absorbent polymer particles simultaneously.Then careful rotary closure 1116 and the axis of the piston 1126, to arrange the 3rd, the 4th, the 5th and the 6th linear cue mark, then by they alignment.Then reduce gently piston head 1118 (by the axis of the piston 1114) to rest on dry super-absorbent polymer particles.Counterweight 1112 is placed on the top 1128 of the axis of the piston 1114, so that it rests on the shaft shoulder 1124, makes first and second linear cue mark alignment.The appropriate location of capping 1116 prevents the bonding of counterweight on hydrogel layer 1318 and guarantees uniform distribution.

swelling phase: by excessive JSU1312 being added in sintering pan 1310 until the sintering pan of the saturated 8cm of the making diameter of sintering pan 1310 (7mm is thick; For example Chemglass Inc.#CG201-51, macroporosity) 1310 saturated.Saturated sintering pan 1310 is placed in to wide flat double dish 1314, and adds JSU1312 until it reaches the top surface 1316 of sintering pan 1310.The height of JSU is greater than the height of sintering pan 1310 scarcely.

The screen cloth (not shown) that is attached to the bottom 1148 of cylinder 1120 is easy to stretch.For preventing stretching, only above capping 1116, side pressure is being applied on the axis of the piston 1114 with forefinger, catch the cylinder 1120 of piston/drum assembly 1028 simultaneously.This faces toward capping 1116 " locking " in position by the axis of the piston 1114, so that piston/drum assembly 1028 can be raised and excessive power can be applied on screen cloth (not shown).

Whole piston/drum assembly 1028 is promoted and is placed in which on the sintering pan 1310 of double dish 1314.Derive from the JSU1312 of double dish 1314 by sintering pan 1310, and absorbed to form hydrogel layer 1318 by super-absorbent polymer particles (not shown).In double dish 1314, obtainable JSU1312 should be enough for all swelling phases.If need, can during hydration, more JSU1312 be added in double dish 1314, to keep top surface 1316 places of JSU1312 level in sintering pan 1310.After the time of 60 minutes, piston/drum assembly 1028 is removed from sintering pan 1310, note facing toward as mentioned above capping 1116 lock piston axles 1114, and guarantee that hydrogel layer 1318 does not lose JSU1312 or air amount during this program.Piston/drum assembly 1028 is placed under calliper (not shown) and records reading L ₂, be accurate to 0.01mm.If reading temporal evolution, only records initial value.The thickness L of hydrogel layer 1318 ₀, by L ₂– L ₁determine, be accurate to 0.1mm.

Piston/drum assembly 1028 is transferred on the mesh support screen (not shown) attached with encircling bracing frame 1040, noted the axis of the piston 1114 to be locked in appropriate location facing to capping 1116.Constant statical head reservoir 1014 is located, transfer tube 1018 is placed by the second capping opening 1136.Initiate in the following sequence to measure:

A) piston 1020 of opening constant statical head reservoir 1014 is to allow salt solusion 1032 to reach the 5.00cm mark 1156 on cylinder 1120.These salt solusion 1032 content should obtain in 10 seconds that open piston 1020.

Once b) obtain the salt solusion 1032 of 5.00cm, just initiate data collection program.

By the computing machine (not shown) being attached on balance 1026, with the interval records of 20 seconds, by the quality of the salt solusion 1032 of hydrogel layer 1318, the time was 10 minutes.In the time within 10 minutes, finishing, close the piston 1020 on constant statical head reservoir 1014.

The data that use finish to experiment in UPM calculates for 60 seconds.The data of collecting before 60 seconds are not included in calculating.Flow F _sthe slope of the Floquet model expansion of the weight of the salt solusion 1032 that (unit is g/s) collects for the function as 60 seconds to the 600 second time (unit for second) (unit for gram) figure.

The urine permeability of hydrogel layer 1318 is measured (Q) and is used following formula to calculate:

Q＝[F _g×L ₀]/[ρ×A×ΔP]，

Wherein F _gfor the definite flow of the regretional analysis by flow results, unit is g/s, L ₀for the original depth of hydrogel layer 1318, unit is cm, and ρ is the density of salt solusion 1032, and unit is gm/cm ³.A (obtaining self-ascending type) is the area of hydrogel layer 1318, and unit is cm ², Δ P is fluid pressure, unit is dyne/cm ², and urine permeability is measured Q with cm ³s/gm is unit.Should report the mean value of measuring for three times.

. fSR method of testing

The method is measured super-absorbent polymer particles, the swelling rate of the polyacrylate that especially polyalcohol hydrogel particle is for example cross-linked in 0.9% brine solution (the NaCl aqueous solution of 0.9 quality %).Measuring principle is to make super-absorbent polymer particles absorb the fluid of known quantity, and measures the time that absorption fluids spends.Then result is expressed as to the absorption fluids grams of gram material/second.All tests are all carried out at 23 ± 2 DEG C.

The representative sample of four grams of super-absorbent polymer particles was dried 48 hours before measuring in the double dish of unlapped 5cm diameter in 23 ± 2 DEG C and 0.01 holder or lower vacuum chamber.

The test sample of about 1g (+/-0.1g) is taken out and weighs immediately (being accurate to 0.001g) in the beaker of 25mL from vacuum chamber, and described beaker has 32 to 34mm internal diameter and the height of 50mm.By material uniform spreading on bottom.The salt solution of 20g0.9% is weighed in the beaker of (being accurate to +/-0.01g) 50mL, and then carefully and is rapidly poured in the beaker that comprises test material.In the time of liquid contact material, start immediately timer.Beaker does not move or stirs during swelling.

In the time being undisturbed the last part of fluid and being touched by swelling particle, stop timer writing time, be accurate to second (or more accurate if appropriate).In order to increase the repeatability of end point determination, liquid surface can illuminate and not use this lamp heating surface with small lamp.Weighing beaker is to measure the actual liquid drawing, in be accurate to ± 0.1g again.

Draw required Time Calculation free swell speed divided by the actual amount of liquid drawing and by this result divided by this by the weight with super-absorbent polymer particles, and be expressed as " g/g/s ".Carry out three times and measure and result is averaged to obtain FSR value, unit is g/g/s, is reported as 3 position effective digitals.

. smooth collecting test method

The method is measured has 8 acquisition times to the designed baby' diaper of the wearer of the interior weight of 13kg ± 20% scope (such as the Pampers Active Fit of size 4 or other Pampers baby' diaper of size 4, the baby' diaper of the size 4 of the Huggies baby' diaper of size 4 or other trade marks of great majority) conventionally.

equipment

Testing apparatus is shown in Figure 14, and by polycarbonate (for example comprises ) make, thickness is the groove 1411 of nominal 12.5mm (0.5 inch).Described groove 1411 comprises (20.0 inches) length that has 508mm and has the straight line horizontal substrate 1412 of 152mm (6.0 inches) width.The vertical side 1413 of straight line of two 64mm (2.5 inches) height × 508mm (20 inches) length is attached to the long edge of substrate 1412, to form U-lag 1411, described groove have 508mm (20.0 inches) length, the inner width of 152mm (6.0 inches), and the internal depth of 51mm (2.0 inches).The front-end and back-end of groove 1411 are not sealed.

The open-cell polyurethane foam block 1414 with 508 × 152 × 25mm size is wrapped in polyethylene film, and be placed in the bottom of groove 1411 in the mode of the justified margin of foam 1414 and groove 1411, and the upper surface of polyethylene film film is smooth and containing seam, wrinkle or flaw.Isocyanurate foam 1414 has the modulus in compression of 0.48psi.The mark that use can not be wiped, be parallel to cross central line from one end (leading edge) draw datum line across the width 152mm (6.0 inches) of the upper surface of tygon covering.

Straight line polycarbonate top board 1415 has the nominal thickness of 12.5mm (0.5 inch), the length of 508mm (20.0 inches), and the width of 146mm (5.75 inches).In the hole of the centre chisel 51mm of top board 1415 (2.0 inches) diameter (being the longitudinal axis of the upper surface that is centered close to top board 1415 and the intersection point place of axis of pitch in hole).The polycarbonate cylinder 1416 with 51mm (2.0 inches) external diameter, 37.5mm (1.5 inches) internal diameter and 102mm (4.0 inches) height is glued in the hole in top board 1415, the bottom margin of cylinder 1416 is flushed with the lower surface of top board 1415, and cylinder 1416 vertical projection 89mm (3.5 inches) above the upper surface of top board 1415, and seam between cylinder 1416 and top board 1415 is fluid-tight.The annular groove 1417 with 2mm height and 44.5mm (1.75 inches) diameter is machined to the bottom inward flange of cylinder 1416.On the upper surface of top board 1415, bore the hole of two 1mm diameters with 45° angle, make the inside surface of hole and the cylinder 1416 directly over groove 1417 crossing and at the opposite side place of cylinder 1416 (i.e. 180 ° of separation).Two stainless steel wires 1418 with 1mm diameter are glued in hole in fluid-tight mode, one end of every line is flushed with interior cylinder wall and the other end from the upper surface projection of top board 1415.Hereinafter these lines are called to electrode.Across the width 152mm (6.0 inches) of top board 1415, be parallel to cross central line from leading edge and mark datum line.Top board 1415/ cylinder 1416 assemblies have the weight of about 1180 grams.

Also need two steel counterweights, each weight is that 9.0Kg and measurement width are that 146mm (5.75 inches), the degree of depth are 76mm (3.0 inches) and about 100mm (4 inches high).

program:

All tests are all carried out under 23 ± 2 DEG C and 35 ± 15% relative humidity.

The polycarbonate groove 1411 that comprises the foam block 1414 through wrapping up is placed in suitable flat horizontal surface.From its packaging take out disposable absorbent products, and with suitable cut-space hoop elastic body so that product is kept flat.On suitable top-loaded balance, weigh product in ± 0.1 gram, be then placed in harvester through covering on foam block 1414, wherein the front waist edge of product is alignd with the reference mark on tygon covering.Make product placed in the middle along the longitudinal centre line of equipment, wherein the top flat of product (bodyside) face up and back waist edge towards the rear end of foam block 1414.Top board 1415 is placed on the top of product, wherein the rolling drum surface of projection upward.The datum line marking aligns with the front waist edge of product and align with the back edge of foam block 1414 in the rear end of top board 1415.Then the counterweight of described two 9.0Kg is gently placed on top board 1415, make the width of each counterweight be parallel to the cross central line of top board, and each counterweight is apart from leading edge or the back edge 83mm (3.25 inches) of top board 1415.

Suitable circuit is connected to two electrodes to detect existing of conductive fluid between them.

By suitable pump for example by Cole Parmer Instruments (Chicago, USA) 7520-00 type or the equivalent of supply are set the sodium chloride aqueous solution that discharges at the most 0.9 quality % by flexible plastic tube for, described flexible plastic tube has the internal diameter of 4.8mm (3/16 inch), for example r-3603 or equivalent.The end portion of pipe is clamped vertically, make it interior placed in the middle at the cylinder 1416 that is attached to top board 1415, wherein the discharge end of pipe faces down and is positioned at the following 50mm of coboundary (2 inches) of cylinder 1416.Pump shoves with 0.9% brine solution of the speed discharge 75.0mL of 15mL/s via timer operation pre-calibration one-tenth.

Activate described pump and in the time activating, start immediately timer.Pump is sent 0 of 75mL with the speed of 15mL/s, and 9%NaCl solution, to cylinder 1416, then stops.In the time that test fluid flow is introduced into cylinder 1416, it builds up to a certain degree conventionally on the top of absorbing structure.This fluid makes in cylinder the circuit between two electrodes complete.After sending and shoving, be absorbed in structure as the meniscus of the solution droplets of fluid.When circuit is not when existing in cylinder that the free fluid between electrode interrupts, record the time.

The specific acquisition time shoving is the time interval between the some place while activating for the described pump shoving and circuit interruption.

Sending four times with which to product shoves; Shove at every turn and send for 75mL and with 15mL/s.The time interval between the beginning of at every turn shoving is 300 seconds.

Record the acquisition time shoving for four times.With three kinds of products of which test, and calculate on average shoving the time of each phase echo surge current (first to fourth).

example

Prepare according to absorbing structure of the present disclosure so that the performance of the absorbing structure of their performance and prior art is compared.The absorbing structure of all tests includes super-absorbent polymer particles, and described super-absorbent polymer particles is interposed between two basalises being made up of non-woven material.For the data that provide in table 1, all samples obtain from absorbent cores.Sample is corresponding to the following part of the absorbent cores of absorbent article (size 4), on the longitudinal centre line that is centered close to these goods of described part, in the distance of the front waist edge 152mm apart from these goods.In the part of absorbent cores of obtaining sample, example 1 and 2 and the absorbing structure of comparative example 1 and 2 there is identical structure.They are difference aspect the super-absorbent polymer particles having used only.For the data that provide in table 2, the whole absorbing structure of example 2 and comparative example 1 and 2 has identical structure and difference aspect the super-absorbent polymer particles having used only.

comparative example 1

Prepared a kind of absorbing structure, it comprise with can be in August, 2010 same sap particle used in the commercially available Pampers Active Fit diaper of Britain.These super-absorbent polymer particles are generally prepared according to US2009/0275470A1.Should be noted that, super-absorbent polymer particles can be separated with the Pampers Active Fit diaper of commercially available acquisition, if exercise question is described in the european patent application n ° 10154618.2 of " Method of separating superabsorbent polymer particles from a solidified thermoplastic composition comprising polymers ".

The standard particle size distribution of super-absorbent polymer particles is 45 to 710 μ m, wherein maximum 1% lower than 45 μ m and maximum 1% higher than 710 μ m.

comparative example 2

In the PCT patented claim WO2010/095427A1 that has been " Polyacrylic acid-based water-absorbing resin powder and method for producing the same " according to exercise question, disclosed comparative example 11 is prepared the super-absorbent polymer particles of 300g.Prepare a kind of absorbing structure that comprises this type of super-absorbent polymer particles.

example 1

The super-absorbent polymer particles of 4000kg comparative example 1 is sieved on the AISI304 standard 300 μ m stainless steel cloths in the rotary screen equipment with about 100-150kg/ hour capacity, have the central diameter (D50) of about 180-200 μ m and the size-grade distribution of 45 to 300 μ m thereby produce 750kg, wherein maximum 3% lower than 45 μ m and maximum 3% super-absorbent polymer particles higher than 300 μ m.Prepare a kind of absorbing structure that comprises this type of super-absorbent polymer particles.

example 2

In the PCT patented claim WO2010/095427A1 that has been " Polyacrylic acid-based water-absorbing resin powder and method for producing the same " according to exercise question, disclosed example 9 is prepared the super-absorbent polymer particles of 300g.Prepare a kind of absorbing structure that comprises this type of super-absorbent polymer particles.

Example 1 and 2 and multiple parameters of the absorbing structure of comparative example 1 and 2 are measured: picked-up (U20) while having measured according to above-mentioned K (t) method of testing time (T20), the 20min that reaches 20g/g picked-up, effective permeability (K20) and instantaneous gel blockage index (Kmin/K20) while reaching time (T80%), 20 minutes of 80% picked-up of U20.Example 1 and 2 and the UPM (urine permeability measurement) of the super-absorbent polymer particles of the absorbing structure of comparative example 1 and 2 are measured according to above-mentioned UPM method of testing.Measured the CRC (centrifugal retention volume) of super-absorbent polymer particles according to EDANA method WSP241.2-05.

Figure 18 A and 18B represent the picked-up of the function as the time of the absorbing structure of 1 and 2 pairs of examples 1 and 2 of comparative example of measuring according to above-mentioned K (t) method of testing, and unit is g/g.

The difference of measured parameter is summarised in following table 1.

table 1

As from Figure 18 A and 18B and by table 1, as the time (T20) that reaches 20g/g picked-up according to the absorbing structure of example 1 and 2 preparations of measuring according to K (t) method of testing is markedly inferior to according to the absorbing structure of comparative example 1 and 2 preparations.Therefore,, even at drying stage, in initial exposure during in liquid, these absorbing structures also can absorb liquid fast.

Also as from table 1, the super-absorbent polymer particles of the absorbing structure of super-absorbent polymer particles such as the comparative example 1 and 2 of perviousness while having high balance (high UPM value) does not cause the high T20 value of the absorbing structure that comprises this type of super-absorbent polymer particles automatically, and perviousness when this refers to the balance of super-absorbent polymer particles is not reliable criterion to select to absorb fast during in liquid in initial exposure the absorbing structure of liquid.

. there is the diaper of absorbing structure of the super-absorbent polymer particles that comprises comparative example 1 or 2 to tool there is the acquisition time comprising according to the diaper of the absorbing structure of super-absorbent polymer particles of the present disclosure.

According to above-mentioned " smooth collecting test method " measured can be in August, 2010 acquisition time at commercially available Pampers Active Fit size 4 diapers of Britain.These diapers comprise absorbent cores, and described absorbent cores comprises the super-absorbent polymer particles of comparative example 1.Measured the acquisition time of identical diaper according to above-mentioned smooth collecting test method, the absorbent cores that wherein absorbent cores has been had same structure is replaced, but the super-absorbent polymer particles that wherein super-absorbent polymer particles has been compared example 2 or example 2 is replaced.As measured according to thickness measure method of testing listed above, the absorbent cores of all diapers has the dry thickness of 1.7mm at diaper crotch point place.The value that the acquisition time of all samples obtains is summarised in following table 2.

table 2

Sample	Comparative example 1	Comparative example 2	Example 2
				The first acquisition time that shoves (75mL), unit is s	30	28	26

As from upper table 2, have and comprise according to first of the diaper of the absorbent cores of the super-absorbent polymer particles of comparative example 1 or 2 and shove acquisition time higher than first of identical diaper that wherein super-absorbent polymer particles has been replaced by the super-absorbent polymer particles of the example 2 acquisition time that shoves.

Therefore, according to absorbent article of the present invention, comprise that the absorbent article of following absorbing structure has the absorptive character of improvement, especially in the time that first shoves, when goods start when wetted, wherein one or more parts of absorbing structure comprise at least 90% super-absorbent polymer particles and needs as the time (T20) that reaches 20g/g picked-up that is less than 440s measured according to K (t) method of testing.

Dimension disclosed herein and value should not be understood to be strictly limited to quoted accurate numerical value.On the contrary, except as otherwise noted, each this type of dimension is intended to represent the value quoted and around the scope being equal in this value function.For example, the size that is disclosed as " 40mm " is intended to represent " about 40mm ".

Claims (15)

1. one kind comprises the absorbent article of absorbing structure, described absorbent article is divided into three parts: anterior, rear portion and be arranged on described front portion and described rear portion between crotch, described absorbing structure comprises absorbent cores, described absorbent cores has 0.2 to 5mm dry thickness at the crotch point place of described goods, one or more parts of wherein said absorbing structure comprise the super-absorbent polymer particles of at least 90 % by weight and need to be less than the time (T20) that reaches 20g/g picked-up of 440s, and the described time measures according to K (t) method of testing.

2. absorbent article according to claim 1, being centered close in described goods anterior in the heart of one of one or more parts of wherein said absorbing structure, and/or on the crotch point that is centered close to described goods of one of one or more parts of described absorbing structure.

3. according to absorbent article in any one of the preceding claims wherein, wherein said absorbent article also comprises top flat and egative film, and wherein said absorbent cores is interposed between described top flat and described egative film.

4. according to absorbent article in any one of the preceding claims wherein, one or more parts of wherein said absorbing structure have at least 2.910 ^-8cm ²20 minutes time effective permeability (K20), described effective permeability is measured according to K (t) method of testing.

5. according to absorbent article in any one of the preceding claims wherein, the picked-up (U20) of one or more parts of wherein said absorbing structure in the time of 20min is 24g/g at least, and described picked-up is measured according to K (t) method of testing.

6. according to absorbent article in any one of the preceding claims wherein, wherein said absorbent cores is not containing airfelt.

7. according to absorbent article in any one of the preceding claims wherein, wherein in the crotch of described goods, described absorbent cores comprises that average magnitude is 200 to 900g/m ²the surface area of super-absorbent polymer particles/described absorbent cores.

8. according to absorbent article in any one of the preceding claims wherein, wherein said absorbent article has and is less than first of the 27s acquisition time that shoves, and described acquisition time is measured according to described smooth collecting test method.

9. according to absorbent article in any one of the preceding claims wherein, wherein said super-absorbent polymer particles is included in described absorbent cores, described super-absorbent polymer particles is deposited between the first basalis and the second basalis, wherein said the first basalis faces described egative film, and described the second basalis faces described top flat.

10. absorbent article according to claim 9, wherein said super-absorbent polymer particles is fixed by thermoplastic adhesive materials.

11. according to the absorbent article described in claim 1 to 8, and wherein said absorbent cores comprises the first basalis, is deposited at least a portion of the described super-absorbent polymer particles on described the first basalis and the thermoplastic adhesive materials of fixing described super-absorbent polymer particles.

12. absorbent articles according to claim 11, wherein said absorbent cores also comprises the second basalis, is deposited at least a portion of the described super-absorbent polymer particles on described the second basalis and the thermoplastic adhesive materials of fixing described super-absorbent polymer particles, described the first basalis and the second basalis are grouped together, and make at least a portion of the thermoplastic adhesive materials of described the first basalis contact at least a portion of the thermoplastic adhesive materials of described the second basalis.

13. according to claim 10 to the absorbent article described in 12, and wherein said thermoplastic adhesive materials forms fibrous network on described super-absorbent polymer particles.

14. according to absorbent article in any one of the preceding claims wherein, and at least one in one or more parts of wherein said absorbing structure has 30cm ²or larger surface area.

15. absorbent articles according to claim 14, wherein have 30cm ²or more at least one in one or more parts of the described absorbing structure of high surface area contains border circular areas.