CN103940143A - Solid adsorption air conditioner system driven by waste heat of automobile - Google Patents
Solid adsorption air conditioner system driven by waste heat of automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN103940143A CN103940143A CN201410149630.5A CN201410149630A CN103940143A CN 103940143 A CN103940143 A CN 103940143A CN 201410149630 A CN201410149630 A CN 201410149630A CN 103940143 A CN103940143 A CN 103940143A
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A—TECHNOLOGIES FOR ADAPTATION TO CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02A30/00—Adapting or protecting infrastructure or their operation
- Y02A30/27—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies
- Y02A30/274—Relating to heating, ventilation or air conditioning [HVAC] technologies using waste energy, e.g. from internal combustion engine
Abstract
The invention discloses a solid adsorption air conditioner system driven by waste heat of an automobile. The solid adsorption air conditioner system driven by waste heat of the automobile comprises a heat source circulation preparation system, a continuous medium returning type solid adsorption refrigeration air conditioner system, a phase change heat storage and heat exchanging system and a circulating water cooling system. The heat source circulation preparation system comprises a shell-and-tube heat exchanger, a three-way valve a and a commutator a. The continuous medium returning type solid adsorption refrigeration air conditioner system comprises a double-adsorption bed, a condenser, a throttle valve, an evaporator, a commutator b and a mass transfer pipeline. The phase change heat storage and heat exchanging system comprises a cooling water tank a, an automobile engine, a circulating water pump a and a phase change heat storage device, wherein the cooling water tank a, the automobile engine, the circulating water pump a and the phase change heat storage device are connected in sequence. The circulating water cooling system comprises a radiator, a cooling water tank b, a circulating water pump b, a water segregator a, a water segregator b and a three-way valve b, wherein the radiator, the cooling water tank b, the circulating water pump b, the water segregator a, the water segregator b and the three-way valve b are connected in sequence. According to the solid adsorption air conditioner system driven by waste heat of the automobile, the waste heat of an automobile engine can be used fully for refrigeration, energy consumption of the engine is not increased, the energy utilization rate of the automobile is improved, the service life of the engine is prolonged, and energy conservation and emission reduction benefits are significant.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the solid absorption air-conditioning system that a kind of automotive residual heat drives, belong to automobile air conditioning technology field.
Background technology
Orthodox car air-conditioning adopts the mode of compression refrigeration more, thereby with driven by engine compressor operating drive compression formula operation of air conditioner.According to the study, consume at the power that drives automobile refrigerating compressor and be approximately 8%～12% of automobile engine rated output power, cause running car average fuel consumption to increase by 16%～20%.In addition, only have at the most the energy of 1/3 left and right to be converted into the power that drives running car in the fuel of automobile engine consumption, the energy of other 2/3 left and right is discharged in environment with the form of used heat.
Utilize automobile waste heat to drive refrigeration system to provide required cold for automobile, not only can reduce the energy that drives refrigeration compressor to consume, improve the power of automobile, also can reduce exhaust emissions temperature, improve efficiency of energy utilization, can reduce the discharge of automobile engine pernicious gas, alleviate the pollution to environment simultaneously.
Existing automotive residual heat drives refrigerated air-conditioning system to adopt tail gas heating working medium (being generally water) more, then drives absorption type air conditioning system using working medium as thermal source, realizes the recycling of using waste heat from tail gas, reduces engine energy consumption.But this system architecture complexity, and exist absorbent easily to reveal, the unstable load causing of engine exhaust emission does not satisfy the demands, and air conditioning for automobiles cannot move in the time stopping, and can not solve the defect of high temperature puzzlement in car in summer.
Phase-transition heat-storage technology has extensively been used every field, and phase-changing energy storage material can be in certain temperature range, utilizes the phase of material own or structural change, to environment automatic absorption or release latent heat, reaches the object of storage power.In building energy saving field, conventionally in architectural exterior-protecting construction, add phase-changing energy storage material to make the impact of outdoor temperature and hot-fluid fluctuation weakened, indoor temperature is controlled in comfortable scope, reach the object that reduces energy consumption of air conditioning system in buildings.Phase-changing energy storage material is after nano material, the revolution of material circle again, and this technology has important using value to alleviating energy shortage.
Summary of the invention
For improving automotive residual heat utilization rate, reduce engine energy consumption, increasing service life of engine; reduce the discharge of high-temperature tail gas; protection of the environment, simultaneously in order to solve summer automobile when the Outdoor Parking, the raises difficult problem of the not good and starting of air conditioner energy consumption increase of the thermal comfort that brings of vehicle interior temperature.The present invention proposes the solid absorption air-conditioning system that a kind of automotive residual heat drives, the technological means of utilizing solid adsorption refrigeration to combine with phase-transition heat-storage, make full use of engine exhaust heat refrigeration, improve energy utilization rate, reach the effect of energy-saving and emission-reduction, reduction energy consumption.
The technical solution used in the present invention is:
The solid absorption air-conditioning system that a kind of automotive residual heat drives, comprise heat-source Cycles preparation system, return matter type solid adsorption refrigeration air-conditioning system, phase-transition heat-storage heat-exchange system and circulating water cooling system continuously, described heat-source Cycles preparation system comprises shell-and-tube heat exchanger, triple valve a and commutator a, and commutator a is made up of four magnetic valves; Described continuous time matter type solid adsorption refrigeration system comprises adsorbent bed a, adsorbent bed b, condenser, choke valve, evaporimeter, commutator b and mass transfer pipeline, wherein, adsorbent bed a, condenser, choke valve, evaporimeter, adsorbent bed b and mass transfer pipeline connect successively, the two ends of commutator b connect respectively adsorbent bed a and adsorbent bed b, and the other two ends of commutator b connect respectively evaporimeter and condenser; Described phase-transition heat-storage heat-exchange system comprises the cooling water tank a, automobile engine, water circulating pump a and the phase-transition heat-storage heat-exchanger rig that connect successively; Described circulating water cooling system comprises cooling water tank b, the water circulating pump b, water knockout drum a, water knockout drum b, triple valve b and the radiator that connect successively, the other two ends of triple valve b connect respectively described adsorbent bed a and adsorbent bed b, water knockout drum a is connected to phase-transition heat-storage heat-exchanger rig, and water knockout drum b is connected to described shell-and-tube heat exchanger; Triple valve a in described heat-source Cycles preparation system connects respectively described adsorbent bed a and adsorbent bed b, the two ends of commutator a connect respectively adsorbent bed a and adsorbent bed b, the radiator in other two ends difference tube connector shell heat exchanger and the circulating water cooling system of commutator a.
Described continuous time matter type solid adsorption refrigeration system adopts the working medium pair of methyl alcohol and active carbon composition.
In described phase-transition heat-storage heat-exchanger rig, comprise serpentine coil, heat-conducting medium and phase change heat storage material that many rows be arranged in parallel, phase change heat storage material is entrained in heat-conducting medium.
The operation method of above-mentioned solid absorption air-conditioning system, detailed process is as follows: in the time that automobile normally moves, engine produces high-temperature tail gas, tail gas produces hot water through the abundant heat exchange of cold water of shell-and-tube heat exchanger and cooling water tank b supply, as the thermal source of adsorbent bed a, adsorbent bed a is heated, adsorbate temperature wherein raises, produce desorption, from adsorbate, desorption goes out refrigerant vapour, causes the continuous force value that reaches capacity that rises of refrigerant vapour pressure, in condenser, condenses, latent heat is taken away by blower fan, and the liquid refrigerant condensing is stored in evaporimeter; Meanwhile cooling water tank b supplies cold water to adsorbent bed b under water circulating pump b effect, adsorbate temperature wherein reduces, and the ability of adsorption refrigerating agent steam progressively improves, and causes refrigerant vapour pressure decreased, liquid refrigerant in evaporimeter is constantly evaporated, and reaches the object of refrigeration; After the complete desorb of adsorbent bed a and adsorbent bed b adsorb completely, open mass transfer channel and return matter; Return after matter finishes, by switching control valve direction, make two adsorbent bed switch operating states, reach continuous cooling, shorten the object of cycle period; In automobile normal running process, the recirculated water in cooling water tank a carries out cooling effect to engine, and the high-temperature water of generation, by phase-transition heat-storage heat-exchanger rig, makes phase change heat storage material heat absorption liquefaction wherein, reaches the object of accumulation of heat; In the time that automobile is out of service, engine no longer produces tail gas, heat-source Cycles preparation system is out of service, cooling water tank b provides cold water to phase-transition heat-storage heat-exchanger rig under water circulating pump b effect, make phase change heat storage material heat release wherein, the thermal source of the hot water producing adsorbent bed a when stopping, makes solid adsorption type air-conditioning system can in the time stopping, continue operation.
Beneficial effect of the present invention:
1. effects of energy saving and emission reduction is remarkable.The design makes full use of automobile engine residual heat refrigeration, does not increase engine energy consumption, improves efficiency of energy utilization, reduces exhaust emissions temperature simultaneously, reduces noxious gas emission, reaches the object of protection of the environment.
2. applied widely.The design all can use for all diesel locomotives.
3. system stability, security of operation.The design adopts absorption type air-conditioning refrigeration system, has avoided the leakage problem of absorbent in car running process in absorption type air-conditioner, makes refrigeration system work more safe and reliable.
4. accumulation of heat, heat transfer effect is remarkable.The design adopts the heat-storing material of paraffin microcapsule and the even blending of conduction oil, and wherein paraffin is middle normal temperature phase-change material, and latent heat of phase change value reaches 203KJ/Kg, can store more heat.Paraffin is made to the even blending of microcapsules in conduction oil medium, can improve overall heat exchange property, effectively reduce the vehicle interior temperature of automobile in summer after Outdoor Parking.
5. improve automobile power, increasing service life of engine.The design utilizes the heat of phase-change material store automobiles cycle of engine cooling water in car running process, can effectively reduce cooling water temperature, contributing to cooling water is engine radiating better, increasing service life of engine, avoid cooling water tank overheated simultaneously, affect vehicle dynamic quality.
Brief description of the drawings
Further the present invention is illustrated below in conjunction with accompanying drawing;
Fig. 1 is system architecture schematic diagram of the present invention, in figure: 1-shell-and-tube heat exchanger; 2-triple valve a; 3-commutator a; 4-adsorbent bed a; 5-condenser; 6-choke valve; 7-evaporimeter; 8-commutator b; 9-mass transfer channel; 10-adsorbent bed b; 11-cooling water tank a; 12-phase-transition heat-storage heat-exchanger rig; 13-water circulating pump a; 14-cooling water tank b; 15-water circulating pump b; 16-water knockout drum a; 17-water knockout drum b; 18-triple valve b; 19-radiator.
Fig. 2 is shell-and-tube heat exchanger structure chart;
Fig. 3 is adsorbent bed structure figure;
Fig. 4 is the cut-away view of phase-transition heat-storage heat-exchanger rig.
Detailed description of the invention
The system architecture of the present embodiment as shown in Figure 1, comprises heat-source Cycles preparation system, returns matter type solid adsorption refrigeration air-conditioning system, phase-transition heat-storage heat-exchange system and circulating water cooling system continuously.Described heat-source Cycles preparation system comprises shell-and-tube heat exchanger 1, triple valve a2 and commutator a3; Described continuous time matter type solid adsorption refrigeration system comprises adsorbent bed a4, condenser 5, choke valve 6, evaporimeter 7, commutator b8, mass transfer pipeline 9 and adsorbent bed b10; Described adsorbent bed a4, condenser 5, choke valve 6, evaporimeter 7, adsorbent bed b10 and mass transfer pipeline 9 connect successively, and wherein the two ends of commutator 8 connect respectively adsorbent bed a4 and adsorbent bed b10, and the other two ends of commutator 8 connect respectively condenser 5 and evaporimeter 7; Described phase-transition heat-storage heat-exchange system mainly comprises cooling water tank a11, phase-transition heat-storage heat-exchanger rig 12 and water circulating pump a13; Described circulating water cooling system comprises cooling water tank b14, water circulating pump b15, water knockout drum a16, water knockout drum b17, triple valve b18 and radiator 19.
Wherein, return continuously matter type solid adsorption refrigeration system and adopt two adsorbent beds, taking methyl alcohol/active carbon as working medium pair, and introduce back matter process, two adsorbent beds, alternately in sorption and desorption state, are realized continuous cooling, and cycle period shortens, and COP and refrigerating capacity improve.Shell-and-tube heat exchanger in heat-source Cycles preparation system directly contacts with blast pipe; Adopt high-temperature-resistant flexible microporous calcium silicate material, concrete structure as shown in Figure 2, wherein water inlet pipe 20, outlet pipe 21 and blast pipe 22.The sorbing material 23 of adsorbent bed adopts active carbon-methanol.Phase-transition heat-storage heat-exchanger rig is made up of the parallel snakelike heat exchange coil 24 of two rows, phase-change material 25 and heat-conducting medium 26; Phase-change material 25 adopts paraffin microcapsule, and the even blending of paraffin microcapsule is in high-efficiency heat conduction medium 26 conduction oils.
In the time that automobile normally moves, engine produces tail gas, high-temperature tail gas in shell-and-tube heat exchanger 1 with cooling water tank b14 in the abundant heat exchange of cold water of supplying be prepared into hot water, as the thermal source (90 DEG C) of adsorbent bed a4.Adsorbent bed a4 is heated, and active carbon temperature wherein raises, and produces desorption.From active carbon, desorption goes out methanol steam, causes the continuous force value that reaches capacity that rises of methanol steam pressure, in condenser 5, condenses, and latent heat is taken away by blower fan, and the liquid methanol condensing is stored in evaporimeter.Meanwhile cooling water tank b14 is to adsorbent bed b10 supply cold water (30 DEG C), active carbon temperature wherein reduces, and the ability of absorption methanol steam progressively improves, and causes methanol steam pressure decreased, liquid methanol in evaporimeter is constantly evaporated, and reaches the object of refrigeration.After the complete desorb of bed a4 and b10 adsorb completely, open mass transfer channel 9 and return matter.Return after matter finishes, by switching control valve direction, make two adsorbent bed switch operating states, reach continuous cooling, shorten the object of cycle period.
In automobile normal course of operation, the recirculated water in cooling water tank a11 carries out cooling effect to engine, and the high-temperature water of generation, by phase transition heat accumulation unit, makes paraffin (4.7Kg) the heat absorption liquefaction in microcapsules, reaches the object of accumulation of heat.
In the time that automobile is out of service, engine no longer produces tail gas, and heat-source Cycles preparation system is out of service.Cooling water tank b14 (30 DEG C) provides cold water to phase transition heat accumulation unit under water circulating pump b15 effect, in microcapsules, paraffin solidifies heat release, cold water is prepared into hot water, and the thermal source of adsorbent bed a4 during as parking, makes solid adsorption type air-conditioning system can in the time stopping, continue operation.Running is identical while normally operation with automobile.
In heat-source Cycles preparation system, shell-and-tube heat exchanger institute water heating by adsorbent bed a4 after cooling become warm water directly get back to double-tube heat exchanger continue heating, to avoid directly preparing the more heats of thermal source consumption with cold water.
In the circulating water cooling system of cooling water tank b14, backwater is concentrated and is dispelled the heat by radiator 19, the temperature of the cold water that guarantee cooling water tank b14 can supply with.
In an embodiment, maximum power is 85kW, under fractional load 51kW, works, and the specific heat of exhaust is Cp=1.06kJ/ (kg.K), 500 DEG C of air bleeding valve Outlet Gas Temperatures, and discharging the outer temperature of car is 180 DEG C.As calculated, available engine exhaust heat is Q=1.06 × 0.0642 × (500-180)=21.72kW, and average cooling load is Qcool=3.33kW, and the related adsorption refrigeration system COP of native system reaches 0.25 and can meet refrigeration requirement completely.Meanwhile, adopt waste heat drive sorption refrigeration air-conditioning, per 100 km is fuel-efficient 0.76 liter.If taking China's civil car recoverable amount as 7,126 ten thousand, distance travelled is 12000km every year on average, suppose to only have 7, used air conditioner refrigerating August, altogether can fuel-efficient (2000/100) × 0.76 × 71,26=,108,315 ten thousand liters.Getting No. 93 gas prices is 7.5 yuan/liter, every year can fuel saving expense approximately 8,100,000,000 yuan, and energy-conservation and economic benefit is obvious.
Finally it should be noted that: obviously, above-described embodiment is only for example of the present invention is clearly described, and the not restriction to embodiment.For those of ordinary skill in the field, can also make other multi-form variation or variation on the basis of foregoing invention, the apparent variation of being amplified out thus or variation are still within protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. the solid absorption air-conditioning system that automotive residual heat drives, is characterized in that, comprises heat-source Cycles preparation system, returns matter type solid adsorption refrigeration air-conditioning system, phase-transition heat-storage heat-exchange system and circulating water cooling system continuously,
Described heat-source Cycles preparation system comprises shell-and-tube heat exchanger, triple valve a and commutator a, and commutator a is made up of four magnetic valves;
Described continuous time matter type solid adsorption refrigeration system comprises adsorbent bed a, adsorbent bed b, condenser, choke valve, evaporimeter, commutator b and mass transfer pipeline, wherein, adsorbent bed a, condenser, choke valve, evaporimeter, adsorbent bed b and mass transfer pipeline connect successively, the two ends of commutator b connect respectively adsorbent bed a and adsorbent bed b, and the other two ends of commutator b connect respectively evaporimeter and condenser;
Described phase-transition heat-storage heat-exchange system comprises the cooling water tank a, automobile engine, water circulating pump a and the phase-transition heat-storage heat-exchanger rig that connect successively;
Described circulating water cooling system comprise successively cooling water tank b, the water circulating pump b, water knockout drum a, water knockout drum b, triple valve b and the radiator that connect,, the other two ends of triple valve b connect respectively described adsorbent bed a and adsorbent bed b, water knockout drum a is connected to phase-transition heat-storage heat-exchanger rig, and water knockout drum b is connected to described shell-and-tube heat exchanger;
Triple valve a in described heat-source Cycles preparation system connects respectively described adsorbent bed a and adsorbent bed b, the two ends of commutator a connect respectively adsorbent bed a and adsorbent bed b, the radiator in other two ends difference tube connector shell heat exchanger and the circulating water cooling system of commutator a.
2. the solid absorption air-conditioning system that a kind of automotive residual heat according to claim 1 drives, is characterized in that, described continuous time matter type solid adsorption refrigeration system adopts the working medium pair of methyl alcohol and active carbon composition.
3. the solid absorption air-conditioning system that a kind of automotive residual heat according to claim 1 and 2 drives, it is characterized in that, in described phase-transition heat-storage heat-exchanger rig, comprise serpentine coil, heat-conducting medium and phase change heat storage material that many rows be arranged in parallel, phase change heat storage material is entrained in heat-conducting medium.
4. the operation method of the solid absorption air-conditioning system that a kind of automotive residual heat drives as claimed in claim 1, it is characterized in that, detailed process is as follows: in the time that automobile normally moves, engine produces high-temperature tail gas, tail gas produces hot water through the abundant heat exchange of cold water of shell-and-tube heat exchanger and cooling water tank b supply, as the thermal source of adsorbent bed a, adsorbent bed a is heated, adsorbate temperature wherein raises, produce desorption, from adsorbate, desorption goes out refrigerant vapour, cause the continuous force value that reaches capacity that rises of refrigerant vapour pressure, in condenser, condense, latent heat is taken away by blower fan, the liquid refrigerant condensing is stored in evaporimeter, meanwhile cooling water tank b supplies cold water to adsorbent bed b under water circulating pump b effect, adsorbate temperature wherein reduces, and the ability of adsorption refrigerating agent steam progressively improves, and causes refrigerant vapour pressure decreased, liquid refrigerant in evaporimeter is constantly evaporated, and reaches the object of refrigeration, after the complete desorb of adsorbent bed a and adsorbent bed b adsorb completely, open mass transfer channel and return matter, return after matter finishes, by switching control valve direction, make two adsorbent bed switch operating states, reach continuous cooling, shorten the object of cycle period,
In automobile normal running process, the recirculated water in cooling water tank a carries out cooling effect to engine, and the high-temperature water of generation, by phase-transition heat-storage heat-exchanger rig, makes phase change heat storage material heat absorption liquefaction wherein, reaches the object of accumulation of heat;
In the time that automobile is out of service, engine no longer produces tail gas, heat-source Cycles preparation system is out of service, cooling water tank b provides cold water to phase-transition heat-storage heat-exchanger rig under water circulating pump b effect, make phase change heat storage material heat release wherein, the thermal source of the hot water producing adsorbent bed a when stopping, makes solid adsorption type air-conditioning system can in the time stopping, continue operation.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410149630.5A CN103940143B (en) | 2014-04-14 | 2014-04-14 | The solid absorption air-conditioning system that a kind of automotive residual heat drives |
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| CN201410149630.5A CN103940143B (en) | 2014-04-14 | 2014-04-14 | The solid absorption air-conditioning system that a kind of automotive residual heat drives |
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| CN103940143B CN103940143B (en) | 2016-02-24 |
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Cited By (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104890474A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-09-09 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Vehicular air conditioner and vehicle |
| CN106152851A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2016-11-23 | 葛霖 | A kind of method of heat accumulating type cooling circulating water |
| CN107234939A (en) * | 2017-06-30 | 2017-10-10 | 高志男 | Engine tail gas heat quantity utilizes system and its control method |
| CN107328136A (en) * | 2017-07-06 | 2017-11-07 | 青岛大学 | A kind of accumulating type air-conditioning refrigeration device for automobile based on tail gas waste heat |
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| CN203785314U (en) * | 2014-04-14 | 2014-08-20 | 南京师范大学 | Solid adsorption air conditioner system driven by car waste heat |
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| CN2397264Y (en) * | 1999-10-25 | 2000-09-20 | 章华鑫 | Vehicle energy-saving green air conditioning and tail gas purifying device |
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| CN106152851A (en) * | 2015-04-27 | 2016-11-23 | 葛霖 | A kind of method of heat accumulating type cooling circulating water |
| CN104890474A (en) * | 2015-06-04 | 2015-09-09 | 广东美的制冷设备有限公司 | Vehicular air conditioner and vehicle |
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| CN103940143B (en) | 2016-02-24 |
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Granted publication date: 20160224 Termination date: 20190414 |