CN103937995A - Energy-saving and high-efficient cadmium continuous production device and process capable of avoiding poisoning - Google Patents
Energy-saving and high-efficient cadmium continuous production device and process capable of avoiding poisoning Download PDFInfo
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- CN103937995A CN103937995A CN201410173338.7A CN201410173338A CN103937995A CN 103937995 A CN103937995 A CN 103937995A CN 201410173338 A CN201410173338 A CN 201410173338A CN 103937995 A CN103937995 A CN 103937995A
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Abstract
The invention relates to an energy-saving and high-efficient cadmium continuous production device and process capable of avoiding poisoning. The device comprises a reducing furnace, a melting furnace, a vacuum furnace, a holding furnace and a pressure casting machine, wherein connecting pipelines are respectively arranged between the reducing furnace and the melting furnace, between the melting furnace and the vacuum furnace, between the vacuum furnace and the holding furnace and between the holding furnace and the pressure casting machine for communication, vertical sections and horizontal sections are arranged on the connecting pipelines, the horizontal sections and vertical sections of the connecting pipelines between the reducing furnace and the melting furnace and between the holding furnace and the pressure casting machine respectively form h-shaped structures and are connected with a vacuum pump, and the vertical sections connected with the vacuum pumps are vertically connected with the melting furnace and the holding furnace; the vacuum furnace is connected with the vacuum pump, and the outer walls of the connecting pipelines are hoop-wrapped with electric jackets for heat preservation so as to prevent liquid metal in pipes from being solidified. The device provided by the invention adopts a method of communicating the pipelines in a closed manner, a cadmium reduction furnace, the melting furnace, the vacuum furnace, the holding furnace and other devices which are mutually independent originally are connected to form an organic whole, and vacuum suction force is used for realizing transportation and conveying of cadmium metal among various operation process steps, so that cadmium oxidation and cadmium poisoning are avoided, energy is saved and efficiency is increased.
Description
Technical field
The present invention is that one is avoided poisoning efficient energy-saving cadmium continuous producing apparatus and technique.
Background technology
Cadmium metal from retailoring, vacuum distilling to the whole production process of casting ingot-forming, all relate to transhipment and the conveying of cadmium liquation.At present in cadmium industry production process, rectification under vacuum from the retailoring of thick cadmium to cadmium, in whole process, the transhipment of cadmium is all first thick cadmium to be emitted casting is cooled to raw ingot and thrown in smelting furnace and melt again in reduction furnace, in vacuum inspiration vacuum oven, carries out rectification under vacuum.Pure cadmium after rectifying is with manually pouring into pure cadmium ingot.The thick cadmium of emitting in reduction furnace in this process can oxidized generation tobacco contaminate environment cause serious cadmium poisoning, and thick cadmium ingot is again thrown into fusing in smelting furnace and caused energy consumption high.Oxidized cadmium enters alkaline residue, reduces the rate of recovery of cadmium.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to propose one and avoid poisoning efficient energy-saving cadmium continuous producing apparatus and technique, this equipment and technique can allow cadmium metal in vacuum-tight environment, complete continuously to the every operation that is cast into ingot from retailoring, vacuum refinement, vacuum transhipment and transport cadmium metal feed liquid, realizing operating worker contacts with cadmium zero, avoid cadmium poisoning, energy efficient, enhances productivity, and solves the problem of cadmium pollution and cadmium poisoning in prior art with this.
Object of the present invention realizes by following means:
One is avoided poisoning efficient energy-saving cadmium continuous producing apparatus, it has reduction furnace, smelting furnace, vacuum oven, holding furnace and pressure die-casting machine, it is characterized in that between reduction furnace and smelting furnace, between smelting furnace and vacuum oven, between vacuum oven and holding furnace, and respectively there is connecting tube to be communicated with between holding furnace and pressure die-casting machine, on connecting tube, there are vertical section and horizontal section, wherein between reduction furnace and smelting furnace, and the horizontal section of connecting tube between holding furnace and pressure die-casting machine and vertically section form respectively H-shaped structure and be connected with vacuum pump, vertically connect smelting furnace and holding furnace for vertical section that connects vacuum pump, vacuum oven is connected with vacuum pump.
Described H-shaped structure refers to that the vertical segment pipe that is connected with vacuum pump and horizontal section tie point overhead form vacuum force, by liquid metal upstream line and form certain liquid-column height, by the pressure initiation liquid metal of fluid column transhipment and the structure of carrying automatically.For ease of narration, pipeline section, pipe and pipeline are considered as synonym by the present invention.
The height of the vertical pipeline section being connected with vacuum pump is determined according to vacuum tightness and liquid cadmium density that land used height above sea level, vacuum pump can be reached.
The caliber of connecting tube is determined as principle can meet manufacturing technique requirent, is generally no more than DN100.
Connecting tube is thick-walled seamless steel pipes, and material is 304.
The vertical pipe being connected with vacuum pump is connected employing rubber hose and connects with vacuum pump, adopt magnetic valve automatically to control the opening and closing that vacuumize on pipeline, guarantees vacuum tightness requirement, is generally not more than 80Pa.
On the outer wall of connecting tube, be sheathed with electric heating device, with holding tube channel temp, avoid intraluminal fluid state metal freezing.
Electric heating device is the cylindrical heating sleeve of splitting tubular structure, and every cover is made up of two halves, every cover heating power 4-5KW, and AC220V, all has termination and thermometer hole on every half, so that monitoring and control temperature.
Heating sleeve material is HT200, and its resistance wire is cast in every half cast iron, and shroud ring is in connecting tube outer wall in pairs.
One is avoided poisoning efficient energy-saving cadmium continuous production processes, it is characterized in that it has the following steps:
(1) with connecting tube by cadmium reduction furnace and smelting furnace, smelting furnace and vacuum oven, vacuum oven and holding furnace, and holding furnace is communicated with successively with pressure die-casting machine, wherein be made as vertical pipe and be connected to form H-shaped structure with the level pipe at tie point place through the pipeline section of smelting furnace and holding furnace, vertical pipe is connected with vacuum pump;
(2) vacuum oven is connected with vacuum pump;
(3) start vacuum pump, the relation that keeps the vacuum tightness of smelting furnace, vacuum oven and holding furnace to increase progressively successively, by the liquid metal in reduction furnace, by vacuum force, transhipment is liquid in smelting furnace maintenance automatically, and then be transported to vacuum oven refining, the gaseous state cadmium metal of vacuum oven distillation is transported to holding furnace and forms liquid metal, is finally transported to pressure die-casting machine and is cast into cadmium ingot.
For avoiding variation of ambient temperature to cause the liquid cadmium metal in transhipment and course of conveying to freeze, jacket electric heating device outside connecting tube.
The present invention adopts the airtight method of pipeline communication, will be originally mutually independently cadmium also the equipment connection such as stove, smelting furnace, vacuum oven and holding furnace become an organic whole, cooperate with each other, do not link successively, allow the cadmium metal realization of liquid and gaseous state in transhipment and the conveying of each inter process by vacuum force, completely cut off cadmium metal and extraneous contacting completely, not only avoided cadmium to contact and be oxidized with air, avoid workman to have the danger of cadmium poisoning, also avoided the pollution of cadmium yellow cigarette to environment.Because being works continuously, the not condensation of the thick cadmium of operation process, the secondary fusion while having avoided vacuum distilling, thereby saved the energy, improve work efficiency.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is device structure schematic diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is electric heating device heating sleeve front view (right section).
Fig. 3 is the left view of electric heating device heating sleeve.
Fig. 4 is the hose nipple front view (right section) that connects vacuum pump and vertical pipe.
Fig. 5 is pipe connecting and body of heater welding schematic diagram.
In Fig. 1-4, the label of each several part is as follows:
1-reduction furnace; 2-smelting furnace; 3-vacuum oven; 4-holding furnace; 5-vertical pipe; 6-level pipe; 7-termination; 8-thermometer hole; 9-electrically heated chuck; 10-hose nipple.
Embodiment
As shown in Figure 1, reduction furnace 1, smelting furnace 2, vacuum oven 3 and holding furnace 4 are existing commercially available equipment, and its structure and principle of work do not repeat herein.Vertical pipe 5 in connecting tube and level pipe 6 are for making with common stainless steel pipe.Below in conjunction with the reality on probation of applicant unit, implementation process of the present invention and the technique effect obtained are described as follows.
For sake of convenience, connecting tube is called to valve tube below:
1, the making of valve tube: Fig. 1 determines the length of horizontal vacuum pipe according to the distance between reduction furnace and holding furnace, the height of the density calculation vertical pipe of the vacuum tightness reaching according to sea level elevation, vacuum pump and cadmium liquation, the big or small exploitation of caliber will guarantee to meet the requirement of production technique, generally be no more than DN100, and employing thick-walled seamless steel pipes, material is 304.Level pipe is welded into " h " shape with vertical tube.Be convenient to like this adopt molten cadmium liquid sealing, easily reach the vacuum tightness requirement of regulation, reach vacuum handling and handling material with this.While making valve tube, require to control linearity.
Connecting tube between valve tube and holding furnace is inclined tube, and the cadmium metal that the material of carrying because of pipeline section is for this reason gaseous state does not affect mass transport with inclined tube, and can save tubing.Certainly the ell that, adopts level pipe to add vertical pipe composition also can also not have the effect of phase.
2, the installation of valve tube: as shown in Figure 1, calculate the height of reduction furnace and holding furnace, perforate penetrates valve tube in stove on reduction furnace wall and heat insulation furnace cover, and the one end in reduction furnace connects welding with elbow, will manage insertion, and pipe end is apart from furnace bottom 50 ㎜.Pipe and the furnace wall of wearing furnace wall are welded, and the other end inserts in holding furnace and welds with furnace cover of temperature-preserving furnace.
3, with being connected of vacuum pump: adopt hose nipple 10 as shown in Figure 4 that the vertical pipe of " h " shape valve tube good and sound above-mentioned system is connected respectively with vacuum pump.Magnetic valve is installed on this pipeline and is realized the vacuum tightness in automatic control tube, general control, below 80Pa, is realized vacuum seal automatic transport cadmium metal.
4, at valve tube outer setting electrically heated chuck 9, the cadmium liquation while guaranteeing to use in pipe does not solidify.Through practice, the electrically heated chuck shown in Fig. 2-3 is designed to the cylindrical tubular structure of splitting, and is commonly called as heating collar or heating sleeve, every cover is made up of two halves, the general 4-5KW of every cover heating power, AC220V, on every half, be all designed with termination 7 and thermometer hole 8, so that monitoring and control temperature.Electrically heated chuck material is HT200, and its resistance wire is cast in every half cast iron, and finishing of internal diameter forms.When use, require to use in pairs, shroud ring is in the outer wall of valve tube, and its internal diameter and valve tube external diameter will adapt, and improves thermo-efficiency to reduce space, and chuck outer wall fixes with Metal pipe strap.
The present invention adopts above method, and equipment making is simple, less investment, there is no the loss of cadmium, the rate of recovery is high, cost is low, production process is polluted without slag pollution, smoke dust, avoided cadmium poisoning, method is simple, for cadmium provides perfect equipment without slag melting technology.
In Fig. 1, the tie point of I, II, III connects the unlatching that control vacuumizes automatically of vacuum pump magnetic valve and unloads negative pressure; IV tie point connects pressure die-casting machine.Whole cadmium is produced in air-tight state, guarantees free from environmental pollution and guarantee Occupational health safety.
Use before the present invention, applicant unit produces cadmium every day and all will lean on workman that thick cadmium is cast into raw ingot and drops in smelting furnace and melt again from emitting in reduction furnace, not only labor strength large and also put thick cadmium cast thick cadmium ingot time, producing tobacco not only affects employee's Occupational health, and increases the security risk of cadmium poisoning.Oxidized cadmium enters alkaline residue reduces again the rate of recovery of cadmium.Using after the present invention, not only staff labor intensity reduces greatly, and occupational hazards risk reduces, the cadmium rate of recovery has improved 1-3 percentage point, and key is the risk of effectively having avoided workman's cadmium poisoning, reduce the energy consumption of secondary fusion, reduce production cost.
Claims (10)
1. avoid poisoning efficient energy-saving cadmium continuous producing apparatus for one kind, it has reduction furnace, smelting furnace, vacuum oven, holding furnace and pressure die-casting machine, it is characterized in that between reduction furnace and smelting furnace, between smelting furnace and vacuum oven, between vacuum oven and holding furnace, and respectively there is connecting tube to be communicated with between holding furnace and pressure casting machine, on connecting tube, there are vertical section and horizontal section, wherein between reduction furnace and smelting furnace, and the horizontal section of connecting tube between holding furnace and pressure casting machine and vertically section form respectively H-shaped structure and be connected with vacuum pump, vertically connect smelting furnace and holding furnace for vertical section that connects vacuum pump, vacuum oven is connected with vacuum pump.
2. avoid according to claim 1 poisoning efficient energy-saving cadmium continuous producing apparatus, it is characterized in that the height of the vertical pipeline section being connected with vacuum pump is determined according to vacuum tightness and liquid cadmium density that land used height above sea level, vacuum pump can be reached.
3. avoid according to claim 1 poisoning efficient energy-saving cadmium continuous producing apparatus, it is characterized in that the caliber of connecting tube is no more than DN100.
4. according to avoiding poisoning efficient energy-saving cadmium continuous producing apparatus described in one of claim 1-3, it is characterized in that connecting tube is thick-walled seamless steel pipes, material is 304.
5. avoid according to claim 1 poisoning efficient energy-saving cadmium continuous producing apparatus, it is characterized in that the vertical pipe being connected with vacuum pump adopts rubber hose to be connected with vacuum pump with vacuum pump tie point, adopts magnetic valve automatically to control the opening and closing that vacuumize on pipeline.
6. avoid according to claim 1 poisoning efficient energy-saving cadmium continuous producing apparatus, it is characterized in that being sheathed with electric heating device on connecting tube, with holding tube channel temp, avoid intraluminal fluid state metal freezing.
7. avoid according to claim 6 poisoning efficient energy-saving cadmium continuous producing apparatus, it is characterized in that electric heating device is the cylindrical heating sleeve of splitting tubular structure, every cover is made up of two halves, every cover heating power 4-5KW, AC220V, on every half, all there are termination and thermometer hole, so that monitoring and control temperature.
8. avoid according to claim 7 poisoning efficient energy-saving cadmium continuous producing apparatus, it is characterized in that heating sleeve material is HT200, its resistance wire is cast in every half cast iron, and shroud ring is in connecting tube outer wall in pairs.
9. avoid a poisoning efficient energy-saving cadmium continuous production processes, it is characterized in that it has the following steps:
(1) with connecting tube by cadmium reduction furnace and smelting furnace, smelting furnace and vacuum oven, vacuum oven and holding furnace, and holding furnace is communicated with successively with pressure die-casting machine, wherein be made as vertical pipe and be connected to form H-shaped structure with the level pipe at tie point place through the pipeline section of smelting furnace and holding furnace, vertical pipe is connected with vacuum pump;
(2) vacuum oven is connected with vacuum pump;
(3) start vacuum pump, the relation that keeps the vacuum tightness of smelting furnace, vacuum oven and holding furnace to increase progressively successively, by the liquid metal in reduction furnace, by vacuum force, transhipment is liquid in smelting furnace maintenance automatically, thereby be transported to vacuum oven refining, the gaseous state cadmium metal of vacuum oven distillation is transported to holding furnace and forms liquid metal, is finally transported to pressure casting machine and is cast into cadmium ingot.
10. avoid according to claim 9 poisoning efficient energy-saving cadmium continuous production processes, it is characterized in that jacket electric heating device outside connecting tube, to avoid variation of ambient temperature to cause the liquid cadmium metal in transhipment and course of conveying to freeze.
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410173338.7A CN103937995B (en) | 2014-04-28 | 2014-04-28 | Energy-saving and high-efficient cadmium continuous production device and process capable of avoiding poisoning |
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201410173338.7A CN103937995B (en) | 2014-04-28 | 2014-04-28 | Energy-saving and high-efficient cadmium continuous production device and process capable of avoiding poisoning |
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| CN103937995A true CN103937995A (en) | 2014-07-23 |
| CN103937995B CN103937995B (en) | 2015-04-01 |
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Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101942564A (en) * | 2010-08-21 | 2011-01-12 | 赵志强 | Process for producing pure cadmium by continuous reduction and distillation of zinc cadmium slag and sponge cadmium |
| CN203807536U (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-09-03 | 蒙自矿冶有限责任公司 | Poisoning-avoiding energy-saving efficient cadmium continuous production equipment |
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2014
- 2014-04-28 CN CN201410173338.7A patent/CN103937995B/en active Active
Patent Citations (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN101942564A (en) * | 2010-08-21 | 2011-01-12 | 赵志强 | Process for producing pure cadmium by continuous reduction and distillation of zinc cadmium slag and sponge cadmium |
| CN203807536U (en) * | 2014-04-28 | 2014-09-03 | 蒙自矿冶有限责任公司 | Poisoning-avoiding energy-saving efficient cadmium continuous production equipment |
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