CN103937532A - Device and method for heated dehydration of crude oil - Google Patents
Device and method for heated dehydration of crude oil Download PDFInfo
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- CN103937532A CN103937532A CN201410185160.8A CN201410185160A CN103937532A CN 103937532 A CN103937532 A CN 103937532A CN 201410185160 A CN201410185160 A CN 201410185160A CN 103937532 A CN103937532 A CN 103937532A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and method for the heated dehydration of crude oil and belongs to the field of equipment and methods for the dehydration treatment of aqueous crude oil. The device for the heated dehydration of the crude oil is designed for solving the problems of the existing devices that the separation efficiency is low and the like. The device for the heated dehydration of the crude oil, disclosed by the invention, comprises a tank body, a heating unit, a rectifying demulsification unit, a separating unit and an oil collecting unit which are sequentially connected into the tank body, wherein the heating unit is used for carrying out preliminary gas-liquid separation on the crude oil and heating; the rectifying demulsification unit is used for demulsifying the heated crude oil in an oil-water emulsion state by using an electric field; the separating unit is used for separating crude oil and water in a demulsified liquid; the oil collecting unit is used for taking out dehydrated crude oil. The method for the heated dehydration of the crude oil, disclosed by the invention, comprises the following steps: demulsifying the to-be-treated crude oil which is in the oil-water emulsion state by using the electric field, and accelerating the separating speed of the to-be-treated demulsified crude oil by using an electrostatic field. According to the device and method for the heated dehydration of the crude oil, the oil-water separation efficiency is increased, the floor area is small, the investment is small, and the applicable range is wide.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to the wet oil dewatering processing device in a kind of petrochemical industry, the heating crude oil dewatering that relates in particular to a kind of heating crude oil dewatering unit and use this device to realize.
Background technology
In the production process of crude oil, need to carry out processed.Usedly form processed system process complexity by equipment such as slurry tank, water jacket furnace, triphase separator, electrical dehydrators, cost is high, and energy consumption is large, and efficiency is low.
In existing monoblock type heating and separating device, be mostly to utilize gravity separation, wherein individual device has been used chemical demulsification.The velocity of separation of these devices is limited, and production efficiency is low, the costs and poor dehydration results of crude oil.
Summary of the invention
An object of the present invention is to propose the heating crude oil dewatering unit that a kind of separation efficiency is high, treatment effect is good.
Another object of the present invention is to propose the heating crude oil dewatering that a kind of crude separation efficiency is high, treatment effect is good.
For reaching this object, on the one hand, the present invention by the following technical solutions:
A kind of heating crude oil dewatering unit, heating unit, rectification breakdown of emulsion unit, separating unit and oil-collecting unit that described device comprises tank body and connects successively in described tank body; Wherein, heating unit is for also heating the preliminary gas-liquid separation of crude oil; Rectification breakdown of emulsion unit by using electric field is by the crude oil demulsification in oil-water emulsion liquid status after heating; Separating unit is for separating the crude oil of liquid after breakdown of emulsion with water; Oil-collecting unit is for taking out the crude oil after dehydration.
Particularly, described heating unit at least comprises swirler, liquid distributor, heating component and sand collecting hopper; Wherein, swirler utilizes eddy flow to change the flow direction of crude oil, realizes preliminary gas-liquid separation; Its inlet end is positioned at outside described tank body, and its exit end is positioned at described tank body and connects described liquid distributor; Liquid distributor for by the uniform liquid flowing out from described swirler exit end be distributed in the tank body of described heating unit section; Heating component is for heating the tank body liquid crude in described heating unit section; Sand collecting hopper is discharged described tank body for the solid particulate matter that crude oil is settled out.
Further, described heating component at least comprises that main body is arranged on the fire cylinder in described tank body and is arranged on the burner of the termination of described fire cylinder, and described burner is positioned at outside described tank body; The main body that is arranged in the described fire cylinder of described heating unit tank body at least forms one group of heat transfer tube.
Particularly, described rectification breakdown of emulsion unit at least comprises rectifying tube; In described rectifying tube cavity, insulation is hung with electrode, and described electrode is connected to power supply; When the tube wall ground connection of described electrifying electrodes, described rectifying tube, described rectifying tube forms internal electric field.
Particularly, described separating unit at least comprises compound electrode, sand collecting hopper, pneumatic outlet and water out, and wherein, compound electrode connects power supply and form electrostatic field in the tank body of described separating unit; Described power supply is pulse, interchange or direct current; Sand collecting hopper is discharged described tank body for the solid particulate matter that crude oil is settled out; Pneumatic outlet is for discharging described tank body by the gas of separating from crude oil; Water out is for discharging described tank body by the water of separating from crude oil.
Further, described compound electrode comprises multiple electrodes that length is different, and the upper end of described multiple electrodes is separately fixed at two different positionss on electrode beam; Described compound electrode is connected to power supply by two described electrode beams respectively; Or described compound electrode is to be parallel to the axial multiple-layer horizontal battery lead plate of described tank body; Or described compound electrode is coaxial with tank body or out-of-alignment annular electro pole plate.
Particularly, the inlet end of described pneumatic outlet is connected with spray catcher.
Particularly, the bottom in described tank body is provided with sand clean out pipe, and described sand clean out pipe can rush the solid particulate matter that is deposited on described tank base to sand collecting hopper.
Particularly, described oil-collecting unit at least comprises the crude exports that are arranged on described tank body.
On the other hand, the present invention is by the following technical solutions:
A heating crude oil dewatering based on said apparatus, described method is to use electric field to carry out breakdown of emulsion to the pending crude oil in oil-water emulsion liquid status; Preferably, accelerate the velocity of separation of the pending crude oil after breakdown of emulsion with electrostatic field; Preferably, described method comprises the steps:
Step 1, the preliminary gas-liquid separation of pending crude oil; Gas is discharged, to crude oil liquid heat;
Step 2, use electric field carry out breakdown of emulsion to the water solution of oil of pending crude oil;
Step 3, the pending crude oil after breakdown of emulsion is applied to electrostatic field, discharge respectively water, gas and/or the sand from crude oil, separated; Crude oil after treatment flows out from oil outlet.
In heating crude oil dewatering unit of the present invention, be provided with rectification breakdown of emulsion unit, changed the flow state of crude oil, utilize electrostatic demulsifying to improve oily water separation efficiency and the processing power of device; Improve oily water separation speed at separating unit added electric field, reduced crude oil water content, improved processing power and efficiency; Heating system adopts heat transfer tube or superconductive medium heat pipe, and heat transfer area is large, and thermo-efficiency is high; Adopt swirler to improve the separation efficiency of gas-liquid, effectively utilized whole spaces of installing.Heating crude oil dewatering unit compact construction of the present invention, floor space is little, less investment.
Heating crude oil dewatering of the present invention utilizes electrostatic demulsifying to improve oily water separation efficiency and processing power, can make water content in crude oil after treatment be less than 0.5%, and saltiness is less than 50mg/L, can obtain qualified separator oil through simple technique.
Brief description of the drawings
Fig. 1 is one of the preferred embodiment of the present invention one Crude Oil thermal dehydration apparatus structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 2 is two of the preferred embodiment of the present invention one Crude Oil thermal dehydration apparatus structure schematic diagram;
Fig. 3 is the vertical view of Fig. 2 shown device;
Fig. 4 is the horizontal sectional structure schematic diagram of heating unit in the preferred embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 5 is the transverse sectional view of rectification breakdown of emulsion unit in the preferred embodiment of the present invention one;
Fig. 6 is the structural representation of the preferred embodiment of the present invention one Crude Oil outlet.
In figure, be labeled as:
1-1, heating unit; 1-2, rectification breakdown of emulsion unit; 1-3, separating unit; 1-4, oil-collecting unit; 1, tank body; 2, swirler; 3, heat transfer tube; 4, electrode; 5, rectifying tube; 6, high voltage electric intake; 7, interfacial meter; 8, electrode beam; 9, high voltage electric intake; 10, compound electrode; 11, pneumatic outlet; 12, crude exports; 13, sand clean out pipe; 14, sand washing water inlet; 15, sand collecting hopper; 16, liquid distributor; 17, fire cylinder; 18, burner; 19, chimney; 20, insulating suspension; 21, water out; 22, crude oil distribution plate.
Embodiment
Further illustrate technical scheme of the present invention below in conjunction with accompanying drawing and by embodiment.
Preferred embodiment one:
This preferred embodiment provides a kind of heating crude oil dewatering unit.As shown in Figure 1, device comprises tank body 1 and connects successively in tank body 1 heating unit 1-1, rectification breakdown of emulsion unit 1-2, separating unit 1-3 and oil-collecting unit 1-4.Wherein, heating unit 1-1 is for also heating the preliminary gas-liquid separation of crude oil; Rectification breakdown of emulsion unit 1-2 utilizes electric field by the crude oil demulsification in oil-water emulsion liquid status after heating; Separating unit 1-3 is for separating the crude oil of liquid after breakdown of emulsion with water; Oil-collecting unit 1-4 is for taking out the crude oil after dehydration.
Utilize electric field to carry out breakdown of emulsion, use electrostatic field to accelerate to separate the crude oil in oil-water emulsion liquid status, improved efficiency, reduced cost, shortened technical process.
Referring to as shown in Figures 2 and 3, heating unit 1-1 comprises swirler 2, liquid distributor 16, heating component and sand collecting hopper 15.Wherein, swirler 2 utilizes eddy flow to change the flow direction of crude oil, realizes preliminary gas-liquid separation; Its inlet end is positioned at outside tank body 1, and its exit end is positioned at tank body 1 and connects described liquid distributor 16.Liquid distributor 16 for by the uniform liquid flowing out from swirler 2 exit end be distributed in the tank body 1 of heating unit section; Heating component is for heating in heating unit section tank body 1 liquid crude; Sand collecting hopper 15 is discharged tank body 1 for the solid particulate matter that crude oil is settled out.Figure 4 shows that the horizontal sectional structure schematic diagram of heating unit.
Heating component comprises that main body is arranged on the fire cylinder 17 in tank body 1 and is arranged on the burner 18 of the termination of fire cylinder 17.Burner 18 is positioned at outside tank body 1, and end is provided with chimney 19; The fire cylinder 17 that is arranged in tank body 1 heating unit forms two groups of heat transfer tubes 3.
Rectification breakdown of emulsion unit 1-2 comprises rectifying tube 5.Figure 5 shows that the transverse sectional view of rectification breakdown of emulsion unit preferred structure.Rectifying tube 5 is arranged on the baffle plate at two ends, in the cavity of rectifying tube 5, is hung with electrode 4 by insulating suspension.Electrode 4 is positioned at the center of rectifying tube 5.Introduce the high voltage electric (strength of electric field is 200-5000V/cm) such as interchange, direct current or pulse by high voltage electric intake 6, high voltage electric connection electrode 4; The tube wall ground connection of rectifying tube 5, thus electric field formed.
Separating unit 1-3 comprises compound electrode 10, sand collecting hopper 15, pneumatic outlet 11 and water out 21.Compound electrode 10 comprises multiple electrodes that length is different, and the upper end of multiple electrodes is separately fixed at two different positionss on electrode beam 8; Two electrode beams 8 hang on the top in tank body 1 by insulating suspension 20 respectively.
Two electrode beams 8 pass into interchange, direct current or pulsed high-voltage by high voltage electric intake 9 respectively, are preferably pulse, strength of electric field 200-5000V/cm.Compound electrode 10 is connected to this high voltage electric, forms potential difference between adjacent electrode, thereby forms electric field.Because water increases than the large water-content from top to bottom of oil density, so the spacing between lower electrode is large, be conducive to like this reduce power consumption.
Sand collecting hopper 15 is discharged tank body 1 for the solid particulate matter that crude oil is settled out; Pneumatic outlet 11 is for discharging tank body 1 by the gas of separating from crude oil; Water out 21 is for discharging tank body 1 by the water of separating from crude oil.
The inlet end of pneumatic outlet 11 is connected with spray catcher.Bottom in tank body 1 is provided with sand clean out pipe 13; Current enter sand clean out pipe 13 from sand washing water inlet 14, and current rush the solid particulate matter that is deposited on tank body 1 bottom to sand collecting hopper 15 along sand clean out pipe 13.
Oil-collecting unit 1-4 comprises the crude exports 12 that are arranged on tank body 1, and its preferred structure as shown in Figure 6.
Interfacial meter 7 is set between rectification breakdown of emulsion unit and separating unit.Between unit, be provided with baffle plate, the shape of the structure circulating for crude oil on baffle plate is not limit, and is as the criterion with the functional requirement that meets unit.
Heating crude oil dewatering is to carrying out breakdown of emulsion in the pending crude oil of oil-water emulsion liquid status and accelerating the velocity of separation of the pending crude oil after breakdown of emulsion with electrostatic field with electric field.The method comprises the steps:
Step 1, crude oil carry out liquid and first change fluid flow direction, gas, liquid initial gross separation by oil gas swirler 2 eddy flows; Gas enters the top of tank body 1 by gas phase communicating pipe, after the spray catcher in gas outlet, discharge from pneumatic outlet 11; Liquid after separation enters liquid distributor 16 by downtake, and liquid slowly flows out in tank body 1 bottom equably by liquid distributor 16; Fluid is through heat transfer tube or the heating of superconductive medium heat pipe, and temperature raises.
Step 2, oil mixing with water medium flow, through rectification breakdown of emulsion district, due to the effect of rectifying tube 5 internal electric fields, make water solution of oil breakdown of emulsion, and horizontal flow enters the disengaging zone of electrostatic field.Use the water-oil interface in interfacial meter 7 control device.
Step 3, the small droplets in the oil-water mixture of breakdown of emulsion is broken into a large drop, droplet radius increase gradually and agglomeration process in the number of drop reduce gradually, each large drop relies on gravity settling to below oily interface, condenses and enters water, and forming gradually obvious water-oil interface layer; Isolated water is discharged through water out 21.With simple settlement separate compared with, due to the existence of electric field, accelerated the settlement separate speed of profit, improved processing power and the processing efficiency of device.
In oily water separation, the solid particulate in crude oil is deposited on the bottom of tank body 1 under action of gravity.In the time that solid particulate deposits to certain thickness, the airtight discharge of sediment outflow pipe from sand collecting hopper 15 by solid deposits by sand clean out pipe 13.Crude oil after dehydration separates flow to oil collecting zone through crude oil distribution plate 22, flows out by crude exports 12.
Preferred embodiment two:
The heating crude oil dewatering that this preferred embodiment provides a kind of heating crude oil dewatering unit and uses this device to realize, the structure of this device and preferred embodiment one are basic identical.Heating unit, rectification breakdown of emulsion unit, separating unit and oil-collecting unit that this device comprises tank body and connects successively in tank body.Wherein, heating unit is for also heating the preliminary gas-liquid separation of crude oil; Rectification breakdown of emulsion unit by using electric field is by the crude oil demulsification in oil-water emulsion liquid status after heating; Separating unit is for separating the crude oil of liquid after breakdown of emulsion with water; Oil-collecting unit is for taking out the crude oil after dehydration.
Difference is: in the time processing the crude oil that density is little, viscosity is low, electric field can not established in disengaging zone.That is, compound electrode is not set in separating unit, utilizes gravity methods to separate.Even if electric field is set, the form of electric field also can be different from the form in preferred embodiment one, that is, compound electrode can be for to be parallel to the axial multiple-layer horizontal battery lead plate of tank body, or be coaxial with tank body or out-of-alignment annular electro pole plate.
Claims (10)
1. a heating crude oil dewatering unit, it is characterized in that heating unit (1-1), rectification breakdown of emulsion unit (1-2), separating unit (1-3) and oil-collecting unit (1-4) that described device comprises tank body (1) and connects successively in described tank body (1); Wherein,
Heating unit (1-1), for also heating the preliminary gas-liquid separation of crude oil;
Rectification breakdown of emulsion unit (1-2), utilizes electric field by the crude oil demulsification in oil-water emulsion liquid status after heating;
Separating unit (1-3), for separating the crude oil of liquid after breakdown of emulsion with water;
Oil-collecting unit (1-4), for taking out the crude oil after dehydration.
2. heating crude oil dewatering unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described heating unit (1-1) at least comprises swirler (2), liquid distributor (16), heating component and sand collecting hopper (15); Wherein,
Swirler (2), utilizes eddy flow to change the flow direction of crude oil, realizes preliminary gas-liquid separation; Its inlet end is positioned at outside described tank body (1), and its exit end is positioned at described tank body (1) and connects described liquid distributor (16);
Liquid distributor (16), for being distributed in the uniform liquid ground flowing out from described swirler (2) exit end the tank body (1) of described heating unit (1-1) section;
Heating component, tank body (1) liquid crude for heating in described heating unit (1-1) section;
Sand collecting hopper (15), discharges described tank body (1) for the solid particulate matter that crude oil is settled out.
3. heating crude oil dewatering unit according to claim 2, it is characterized in that, described heating component at least comprises that main body is arranged on the fire cylinder (17) in described tank body (1) and is arranged on the burner (18) of the termination of described fire tin (17), and described burner (18) is positioned at outside described tank body (1); The main body that is arranged in the described fire cylinder (17) of described heating unit (1-1) tank body (1) at least forms one group of heat transfer tube (3).
4. heating crude oil dewatering unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described rectification breakdown of emulsion unit (1-2) at least comprises rectifying tube (5); In described rectifying tube (5) cavity, insulation is hung with electrode (4), and described electrode (4) is connected to power supply; When the tube wall ground connection of described electrode (4) energising, described rectifying tube (5), described rectifying tube (5) forms internal electric field.
5. heating crude oil dewatering unit according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described separating unit (1-3) at least comprises compound electrode (10), sand collecting hopper (15), pneumatic outlet (11) and water out (21); Wherein,
Compound electrode (10), connects power supply and in the tank body (1) of described separating unit (1-3), forms electrostatic field; Described power supply is pulse, interchange or direct current;
Sand collecting hopper (15), discharges described tank body (1) for the solid particulate matter that crude oil is settled out;
Pneumatic outlet (11), for discharging the gas of separating from crude oil described tank body (1);
Water out (21), for discharging the water of separating from crude oil described tank body (1).
6. heating crude oil dewatering unit according to claim 5, it is characterized in that, described compound electrode (10) comprises multiple electrodes that length is different, and the upper end of described multiple electrodes is separately fixed at the different positions on two electrode beams (8); Described compound electrode (10) is connected to power supply by two described electrode beams (8) respectively;
Or described compound electrode (10) is for being parallel to the axial multiple-layer horizontal battery lead plate of described tank body (1);
Or described compound electrode (10) is coaxial with tank body (1) or out-of-alignment annular electro pole plate.
7. heating crude oil dewatering unit according to claim 5, is characterized in that, the inlet end of described pneumatic outlet (11) is connected with spray catcher.
8. according to the heating crude oil dewatering unit described in claim 2 or 5, it is characterized in that, bottom in described tank body (1) is provided with sand clean out pipe (13), and described sand clean out pipe (13) can rush the solid particulate matter that is deposited on described tank body (1) bottom to sand collecting hopper (15).
9. heating crude oil dewatering unit according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described oil-collecting unit (1-4) at least comprises the crude exports (12) that are arranged on described tank body (1).
10. the heating crude oil dewatering based on claim 1 to 9 arbitrary described device, is characterized in that, described method is to use electric field to carry out breakdown of emulsion to the pending crude oil in oil-water emulsion liquid status; Preferably, accelerate the velocity of separation of the pending crude oil after breakdown of emulsion with electrostatic field; Preferably, described method comprises the steps:
Step 1, the preliminary gas-liquid separation of pending crude oil; Gas is discharged, to crude oil liquid heat;
Step 2, use electric field carry out breakdown of emulsion to the water solution of oil of pending crude oil;
Step 3, the pending crude oil after breakdown of emulsion is applied to electrostatic field, discharge respectively water, gas and/or the sand from crude oil, separated; Crude oil after treatment flows out from oil outlet.
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| CN201410185160.8A CN103937532B (en) | 2014-05-05 | 2014-05-05 | Heating crude oil dewater unit and method |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110563287A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-13 | 南京庞瑞科技有限公司 | Greasy dirt processing system based on internet of things |
| CN113583703A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-02 | 长江三星能源科技股份有限公司 | Three-phase separator with high-voltage electric field |
| CN115445248A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-12-09 | 江苏理工学院 | Efficient sump oil treatment device integrating multiple demulsification technologies and treatment method thereof |
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| CN102220162A (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-10-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for reducing corrosivity of crude oil |
| CN102895804A (en) * | 2011-07-27 | 2013-01-30 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Supersonic demulsifying dehydration device |
| CN203820721U (en) * | 2014-05-05 | 2014-09-10 | 碧海舟（北京）石油化工设备有限公司 | Crude oil heating and dehydration device |
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| CN102220162A (en) * | 2010-04-15 | 2011-10-19 | 中国石油化工股份有限公司 | Method for reducing corrosivity of crude oil |
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Cited By (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN110563287A (en) * | 2019-08-30 | 2019-12-13 | 南京庞瑞科技有限公司 | Greasy dirt processing system based on internet of things |
| CN113583703A (en) * | 2021-08-20 | 2021-11-02 | 长江三星能源科技股份有限公司 | Three-phase separator with high-voltage electric field |
| CN115445248A (en) * | 2022-09-16 | 2022-12-09 | 江苏理工学院 | Efficient sump oil treatment device integrating multiple demulsification technologies and treatment method thereof |
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| CN103937532B (en) | 2016-05-11 |
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Address after: 100029 Beijing city Chaoyang District Xiaoguan Beili 45 Jiayuan century No. 5 Building 7 layer Patentee after: Bi Haizhou (Beijing) energy saving environmental protection equipment Co., Ltd. Address before: 100029 Beijing city Chaoyang District Xiaoguan Beili 45 Jiayuan century No. 5 Building 7 layer Patentee before: Bihaizhou (Beijing) Petrochemical Equipment Co., Ltd. |