CN103937180A - Preparation method for biodegradable raw bamboo fiber reinforced composite - Google Patents
Preparation method for biodegradable raw bamboo fiber reinforced composite Download PDFInfo
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- CN103937180A CN103937180A CN201410086151.3A CN201410086151A CN103937180A CN 103937180 A CN103937180 A CN 103937180A CN 201410086151 A CN201410086151 A CN 201410086151A CN 103937180 A CN103937180 A CN 103937180A
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Abstract
The invention provides a preparation method for a biodegradable raw bamboo fiber reinforced composite. The preparation method comprises the following steps: raw material processing; lapping and needling; and compression molding. The composite prepared by using the method does not pose pollution to the environment.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of preparation method of biodegradable bamboo fiber reinforced composite.
Background technology
Many type materials, bring the various whiles easily to the mankind, also bring unthinkable trouble.Because some rejected material is non-degradable under field conditions (factors), burning can discharge again obnoxious flavour, has caused the pollution that is difficult to improvement to ecotope.
Therefore, be necessary to design a kind of preparation method that can not produce to environment the matrix material polluting.
Summary of the invention
The defect existing for prior art, the object of the present invention is to provide a kind of preparation method that can not produce to environment the matrix material polluting.
A preparation method for biodegradable bamboo fiber reinforced composite, is characterized in that: the preparation method of described polyhydroxybutyrate valeric acid copolyesters matrix material comprises the following steps: raw material processing, lapping acupuncture, compression molding.
Preferably, described raw material is treated to bamboo fiber is carried out to alkaline purification.
Preferably, the technique of described alkaline purification is that bamboo fiber is soaked in 7.5% NaOH solution after 90min, and temperature is 20 DEG C, dry after cleaning with clear water.
Preferably, described lapping needling process comprises following flow process: shredding, give cotton, combing, lapping, charging, pre-needling, rolling, acupuncture.
Preferably, the processing condition of described compression molding are: 165 DEG C-180 DEG C of mold temperatures, time 3min-6min, pressure 5MPa-14MPa.
Compared with prior art, the present invention at least has following technique effect: utilize the matrix material that the method makes can environment not produced and be polluted.
Embodiment
A lot of details are set forth in the following description so that fully understand the present invention.But the present invention can implement to be much different from alternate manner described here, and those skilled in the art can do similar popularization without prejudice to intension of the present invention in the situation that, and therefore the present invention is not subject to the restriction of following public specific embodiment.
Polyhydroxybutyrate valeric acid copolyesters (PHBV) is a kind of biopolymer polyester, and it has similar character to polypropylene.This material is after discarding, even if be also stable under moist environment, but in the situation that having microorganism, it will be degraded to carbonic acid gas and water.Therefore it has good biocompatibility, biological degradability and Bioabsorbable.The raw material sources of polyhydroxybutyrate valeric acid copolyesters (PHBV) are very abundant, and the remains of each kind of plant all can be prepared PHBV through fermentation, separation.
PBHV has biocompatibility and the high barrier to water, gas etc. completely.Therefore have a wide range of applications at the aspect such as such as medical material (suture, nail), thin-film material (mulch film, shopping bag, compost bag), disposable product (pen, tableware), wrapping material (particularly food product pack).Taking PHBV as matrix, taking all kinds of inorganic matter fiber cellulose fibers such as starch as reinforcement or weighting material, can make the different biodegradable matrix material of performance, to meet the service requirements of different occasions.Quite wide such as adopting polyhydroxybutyrate valeric acid copolyesters (PHBV) to produce biological self-destruction plastics purposes in medical treatment.For example, in fracture operation, it can serve as the support between bone.Along with the healing of bone, it also can decompose gradually voluntarily.Holland scientist invents a kind of plastics, implants and just decomposes voluntarily for about 2 years, becomes carbonic acid gas and water.Also have the biological self-destruction plastics of a kind of wire, can replace traditional Medical surgical suturing with thread management wound.This plastics surgical thread, can be absorbed gradually by health, exempts the worries of taking out stitches.In addition, the capsule for medicine made from biological self-destruction plastics, can slowly dissolve in vivo, and the speed of controlled pharmacy intravasation.
China has abundant bamboo resource, and resource area, output all rank first in the world, and bamboo resource performance mao bamboo woods the best, that utility value is the highest in the world's approximately have 90% to be distributed in south China.Bamboo fibers is divided into natural bamboo fibres (bamboo fiber) and the large class of chemical bamboo fibers (bamboo pulp fiber and bamboo-carbon fibre) two.Bamboo fiber is exactly a kind of cellulosic fibre extracting from the bamboo of self-sow, is the fifth-largest natural fiber after cotton, fiber crops, hair, silk.Bamboo fibers has good ventilation property, moment water-absorbent, the stronger characteristic such as wear resistance and good dyeability, have again simultaneously natural antibacterial, antibacterial, except mite, deodorization and anti-ultraviolet function.Bamboo fiber aboundresources, cheap, specific modulus and specific tenacity are high, in matrix material, can partly replace the synthon such as glass, and while making matrix material, production cost is low, is conducive to save energy; And its most outstanding advantage is to have biological degradability and recyclability, environmentally safe, this is that other any strongthener is incomparable.It is 6.5cN/dtex-7.5cN/dtex that this project adopts bamboo fiber intensity, and length is 30mm-50mm.
Present method is low taking cost of development, the simple biodegradable composite material of manufacture craft is target, Choice and process flow process is short, cost is low, make bamboo fiber reinforced composite without woven needling non-woven working method, by selecting the matrix of polyhydroxybutyrate valeric acid copolyesters (PHBV) as matrix material, select reinforcement or weighting material that bamboo fiber is matrix material, after repetition test, adopt certain technical process and processing condition, develop biodegradable bamboo fiber reinforced composite.
A preparation method for polyhydroxybutyrate valeric acid copolyesters matrix material, comprises raw material processing, lapping acupuncture, compression molding.
Raw material processing:
Bamboo fiber, carrying out before shredding mixing, need carry out alkaline purification, determines that by many experiments best alkali pretreatment is as follows: bamboo fiber is soaked in 7.5% NaOH solution after 90min, temperature is 20OC, dry after cleaning with clear water.
Polyhydroxybutyrate valeric acid copolyesters (PHBV) is a kind of biopolymer polyester, its fusing point lower (165 DEG C), initial decomposition temperature is 180 DEG C of left and right, and it has good biocompatibility, biological degradability and Bioabsorbable.
Matrix taking PHBV as matrix material, taking bamboo fiber as reinforcement or weighting material, can make the different biodegradable matrix material of performance, to meet the service requirements of different field.
Lapping acupuncture:
Technical process: shredding, give cotton, combing, lapping, charging, pre-needling, rolling, acupuncture.
Equipment used: WL-GK-1-600 type teaser, WL-J-500 type cotton feeder, WL-GS-A-600 type carding machine, WL-ZGS.Z-Y-800 type pre-needling machine, WL-ZGS.Z-Z-800 type needle loom, WL-800 type lapper, above equipment is manufactured by Chinese granary Shuan Feng non-interlaced fabric equipment company limited.
Teaser is made up of comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning blower fan, main plucker roller, hook groove roller, charging curtain etc., in operating process, can cause cacophonia because of overheap because have cotton knot, comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning blower fan director's phase not to process, and affects comb and parallel cotton fibers prior to spinning progress.
Pre-needling machine traverse 50mm, every meter of cloth pin amount is by 3500 pieces of cloth pins, as need increase needling density.Must improve main frame frequency and reduce charging and discharging speed, as need reduce needling density, contrary, regulate in addition depth of needling.Pre-needling machine is mainly that between and fiber fluffy for height after one-tenth net operation, the very little web layer of cohesive force is carried out acupuncture, and its basic object is to ensure that high fluffy web layer feeds acupuncture district smoothly, does not produce congested and excessive false draft.The traverse of main needle loom is 30mm, and every meter of cloth pin amount is by 5000 pieces of cloth pins, and other are identical with pre-needling machine.The main processing object of main needle loom is the fibre web through pre-needling, and its fibre web after to pre-needling is done further to reinforce.Distance between stripping web plate and the off-grid plate of main needle loom is dwindled, and acupuncture traverse diminishes, and bestock increases, and pricker frequency improves, and speed also has significantly raising.Each operation design variable is as table 1:
The each operation design variable of table 1
With pinprick reinforcement produce nonwoven material there is good mechanical property, make the compound good condition that provides for next step, make tensile strength and the flexural strength of this reinforced composite better simultaneously, have a good application prospect at the aspect such as automobile, construction industry.
Compression molding:
Bamboo fiber through acupuncture lapping and polyhydroxybutyrate valeric acid copolyesters (PHBV) are evenly mixed according to a certain ratio and put into mould and carry out hot-forming, molding apparatus is the vulcanizing press that Shanghai Qi Cai hydraulic machinery company limited produces, due to the fusing point lower (165 DEG C) of PHBV, initial decomposition temperature is 180 DEG C of left and right, so mold temperature is selected 165 DEG C-180 DEG C, selection of time 3-6min, pressure is selected 5MPa-14MPa, obtains biodegradable bamboo fiber needling non-woven reinforced composite.
Mold pressing parameter is selected:
In order to analyze proportioning, hot pressing temperature, hot pressing time and the impact of hot pressing pressure on composite materials property of bamboo fiber/PHBV, explore optimum bamboo fiber/PHBV reinforced composite preparation technology, get bamboo fiber/PHBV proportioning, hot pressing temperature, hot pressing time, four factors of hot pressing pressure and four levels are respectively set and carry out orthogonal design.Each experimental level of bamboo fiber/PHBV proportioning, hot pressing temperature, hot pressing time, four factors of hot pressing pressure is in table 2.
Table 2 orthogonal experiment four factor four levels
The design of orthogonal experiment is with reference to L16 (45), and respectively the bamboo fiber after bamboo fiber and alkaline purification without alkaline purification carried out to orthogonal experiment.It is as follows that bamboo fiber/PHBV matrix material of preparing by orthogonal experiment obtains its tensile strength after tested afterwards, table 3 is without alkaline purification bamboo fiber/PHBV matrix material orthogonal test analysis table, and table 4 is through alkaline purification bamboo fiber/PHBV matrix material orthogonal test analysis table.
Untreated bamboo fiber/the PHBV of table 3 matrix material orthogonal experiment analytical table
Table 4 alkaline purification bamboo fiber/PHBV matrix material orthogonal experiment analytical table
From table 3 and table 4, the tensile strength of bamboo fiber/PHBV matrix material is known, after joining in PHBV using bamboo fiber as reinforcement, no matter bamboo fiber has or not through alkali lye processing, the tensile break strength of its matrix material is all greater than the tensile break strength of pure PHBV sheet material substantially, and the tensile break strength of the matrix material of the bamboo fiber of processing through alkali lye and PHBV is higher.This explanation adds after bamboo fiber in PHBV, reinforced effects is obvious, tensile break strength obviously promotes, and particularly after alkali lye is processed, it is combined improvement to bamboo fiber with PHBV interface, and the more undressed bamboo fiber of improvement of its tensile break strength and the matrix material of PHBV are more remarkable.
The performance test analysis of bamboo fiber/PHBV reinforced composite:
(1) process bamboo fiber/PHBV reinforced composite without alkali lye
Determined by the tensile strength in table 3, untreated bamboo fiber/PHBV matrix material proportioning level 3 is best, hot pressing temperature level 2 is best, hot pressing time level 4 is best, hot pressing pressure level 3 is best, the tensile strength of matrix material is up to 83.64MPa, and therefore optimum combination technique is A3B2C4D3, and bamboo fiber/PHBV proportioning is 30/70, hot pressing temperature is that 170 DEG C, hot pressing time are that 6min, hot pressing pressure are 11MPa.
The trend changing with bamboo fiber/PHBV proportioning in order further to research and analyse bamboo fiber/PHBV matrix material, adopting hot pressing temperature is that 170 DEG C, hot pressing time are that 6min, hot pressing pressure are under 11MPa condition, variation bamboo fiber/PHBV proportioning this because usually analyzing the impact of the tensile break strength of this factors vary on bamboo fiber/PHBV matrix material.The stretching of untreated bamboo fiber/PHBV matrix material is emphasized in table 5.
The tensile strength of the untreated bamboo fiber/PHBV of table 5 reinforced composite
As can be seen from Table 5, the tensile break strength of untreated bamboo fiber/PHBV matrix material presents and first increases the trend reducing afterwards with the increase of bamboo fiber proportion.This is less owing to starting the proportion of bamboo fiber in matrix material, along with the increase of bamboo fiber, enhancement to matrix material constantly increases, therefore the tensile break strength of matrix material also constantly increases, but in matrix material the proportion of bamboo fiber exceed a certain amount of after, in matrix material, the proportion of matrix reduces relatively, this makes matrix can not well be coated bamboo fiber, can not form and invade profit completely bamboo fiber, therefore along with the proportion of bamboo fiber constantly increases, the tensile break strength of matrix material presents downtrending.As known from Table 5, be 25/75-50/50 for the best proportioning of bamboo fiber/PHBV of the matrix material without alkali lye processing, its tensile strength all exceedes 60MPa, is up to 83.64MPa.
(2) through alkaline purification bamboo fiber/PHBV reinforced composite
Determined by the tensile strength in table 4, proportioning level 4 through alkaline purification bamboo fiber/PHBV reinforced composite is best, hot pressing temperature level 3 is best, hot pressing time level 2 is best, hot pressing pressure level 4 is best, therefore optimum combination technique is A3B2C4D3, and bamboo fiber/PHBV proportioning is 30/70, hot pressing temperature is that 170 DEG C, hot pressing time are that 6min, hot pressing pressure are 11MPa, and the tensile strength of matrix material is up to 104.21MPa.
In order further to research and analyse the trend that bamboo fiber/PHBV reinforced composite changes with bamboo fiber/PHBV proportioning after alkaline purification, adopting hot pressing temperature is that 170 DEG C, hot pressing time are that 6min, hot pressing pressure are 11MPa, under condition, variation bamboo fiber/PHBV proportioning this because usually analyzing the impact of the tensile break strength of this factors vary on bamboo fiber/PHBV matrix material.Stretching through alkaline purification bamboo fiber/PHBV matrix material is emphasized in table 6.
Table 6 is through the tensile strength of alkaline purification bamboo fiber/PHBV reinforced composite
As can be seen from Table 6, the tensile break strength of processing bamboo fiber/PHBV reinforced composite through alkali lye along with the proportioning of bamboo fiber/PHBV in the increase of bamboo fiber proportion start to increase then and reduce, but strengthen the tensile strength of PHBV matrix material higher than the bamboo fiber without alkali lye processing through the tensile strength entirety of alkali lye bamboo fiber/PHBV after treatment reinforced composite, this is because bamboo fiber is after alkali lye is processed, its surface property improves, the consistency of bamboo fiber and matrix gets a new look, make the interface bonding condition improved of bamboo fiber and matrix, show on matrix material to be exactly the lifting of its mechanical property.As known from Table 6, be 20/80-55/45 for the best proportioning of the bamboo fiber/PHBV reinforced composite through alkaline purification, its tensile strength all exceedes 60MPa, is up to 104.21MPa.
The present invention compared with prior art, has following beneficial effect:
Present method is low taking cost of development, the simple bamboo fiber matrix material of manufacture craft is target, adopt bamboo fiber needling non-woven thing and polyhydroxybutyrate valeric acid copolyesters (PHBV) evenly to mix and put into mould according to a certain ratio, carry out hot-forming manufacture reinforced composite under certain condition, the method work flow is short, cost is low, without woven needling non-woven mixture, by suitable composite curing explained hereafter bamboo fiber needling non-woven reinforced composite.The composite materials property of present method development exceedes similar engineering plastics level, can be applicable to the fields such as medicine, automobile, building industry and military aviation.
The present invention select bamboo fiber as the reinforcement of matrix material, polyhydroxybutyrate valeric acid copolyesters (PHBV) as matrix.Polyhydroxybutyrate valeric acid copolyesters (PHBV) is a kind of biopolymer polyester, it has good biocompatibility, and biological degradability and Bioabsorbable also have its exclusive feature: 1. abundant raw material simultaneously, the remains of each kind of plant, through fermentation, separate and all can prepare PHBV; 2. performance and resins for universal use are suitable, can be used as the substitute products of resin, and development potentiality is huge; 3. crystal property is good, and the model that can be used as flexible polymer is studied; 4. PHBV is good biocompatibility, Bioabsorbable and certain bio-absorbable cycle and higher fusing point provide condition for its application in medical treatment and some other particular surroundings.Therefore this matrix material can be applied to some special dimensions, and the rejected material of product can biological degradation, is conducive to environment protection, therefore has broad application prospects.
Although the present invention with preferred embodiment openly as above; but it is not for limiting the present invention; any those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention; can make possible variation and amendment, therefore protection scope of the present invention should be as the criterion with the scope that the claims in the present invention were defined.
Claims (5)
1. a preparation method for biodegradable bamboo fiber reinforced composite, is characterized in that: the preparation method of described polyhydroxybutyrate valeric acid copolyesters matrix material comprises the following steps: raw material processing, lapping acupuncture, compression molding.
2. the preparation method of biodegradable bamboo fiber reinforced composite according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described raw material is treated to bamboo fiber is carried out to alkaline purification.
3. the preparation method of biodegradable bamboo fiber reinforced composite according to claim 2, it is characterized in that: the technique of described alkaline purification is that bamboo fiber is soaked in 7.5% NaOH solution after 90min, temperature is 20 DEG C, dry after cleaning with clear water.
4. the preparation method of biodegradable bamboo fiber reinforced composite according to claim 1, is characterized in that: described lapping needling process comprises following flow process: shredding, give cotton, combing, lapping, charging, pre-needling, rolling, acupuncture.
5. the preparation method of biodegradable bamboo fiber reinforced composite according to claim 1, is characterized in that: the processing condition of described compression molding are: 165 DEG C-180 DEG C of mold temperatures, time 3min-6min, pressure 5MPa-14MPa.
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| CN111923560A (en) * | 2020-07-29 | 2020-11-13 | 浙江工业职业技术学院 | Preparation process of sound absorption composite material |
| CN114603963A (en) * | 2022-01-26 | 2022-06-10 | 国家林业和草原局竹子研究开发中心 | Biodegradable bamboo fiber-plastic composite material and manufacturing method thereof |
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