CN1039362A - Vapor/liquid contact column structure - Google Patents

Abstract

Gas-liquid contact structure with the distillation in tower of liquid material, fractionation, rectifying, absorption and refinings such as gasoline, chemical substance and alcoholic solutions, the perpendicular separation bubble cap tray chamber that comprises tool liquid and gas contact device is to contact withdrawing fluid and back flow of gas, the downcomer means that comprises band inclination winding mountain path places outside the inside that steam conduit defines, and limits the elongation downcomer structure and flows for liquid.Descending phegma remains on outside the main steam flow, second steam by by circuitous to main steam flow to produce in the sinking that rises to time high contact device, by effectively use by maximum plate area and this plate on unidirectional liquid stream promote plate efficiency, tower section is piled up to be fixed together by identical molds and is made and design cost to reduce.

Description

Vapor/liquid contact column structure

The present invention relates to tower, provide one especially in order to increase the structure-improved of solution-air contact tower operating efficiency such as the fractionating column structure.

About bubble cap tray or contact device, the patent documentation of fractionation or rectifying column etc. quite develops, though the inventor be there is no known direct relation document of the present invention recently to be existed, the problem that industrial quarters is faced at present is for the efficient of increase tower and do not cause increase greatly on manufacturing and operation price, mat change part that the indoor design of tower can be done by in one before 50 years the Massachusetts Institute of Technology by Lewis (W.K.Lewis, Jr) rectifying of binary mixture by name is disclosed in M.I.T., in the paper in April, 1936, in the 400th page of this publication, it illustrates a notion, for bubble-cap fractionating column dish or the contact device piled up, efficient is promoted, wherein liquid flow is equidirectional on each plate, yet, this publication was not considered, descending withdrawing fluid how can be by except directly guiding at plate spacing in a conduit that falls that surrounds athwart, and do not think and how the essence vapor content in foam of descending withdrawing fluid is run away and be back to main steam path, certainly, this steam that becomes entrained in refluxing destroys the theoretical efficiency that unidirectional withdrawing fluid flows on the contact plate, in addition, liquid falls, pipe causes the obstruction at the contact doors structure, further negates the theoretical efficiency of way flow.

For being easy to discussion of the present invention, term " contact chamber " should be used to narration and separate chamber within the vertical isolation bubble-cap contact plate, term " contact plate " or be typically " contact device " and should be used to define one of any various plates that can be used for distillation column of the present invention and tower, that is: screen tray, valve disc, bubble-cap formula plate etc., term " falls the stream pipe " and should be in order to narration in order to be back to another low plate by a plate or " contact device " guiding, it also can be in order to being described in outside the contact chamber and in order to promptly drawing the space within the tower shell of descending liquid of the present invention, and term " downspout storagetank " should be used to narration and be supported in behind the downspout in order to extract and cut off the backflow of defoaming before taking and concentrate the place entering time low contact chamber and side.

Some form of downcomer structure and plate design is proposed to increase the loss that liquid flow rate and tendency reduce steam-liquid contact apparatus efficient by countless authoritys, is fractionation and tower with reference to citation at the 16th chapter title, the concise engineering of oil, the 4th edition 480～483 pages, and chapter 6 is entitled as new fractionation dish design, by the concise and chemical advanced person of oil, I volume, the 277th～334 page.

With regard to inventor's knowledge, until the open day of these articles, there is not device to be designed to carry out the implementation structure that is belonged in the scope of the invention, in addition, known to the inventor, also not disclosing any device or declare in any document does not anyly influence the up steam mode that makes progress with descending withdrawing fluid and becomes way flow and cross contact device between contact disc in upright tower, understand with the inventor, also do not point out in upright tower, to use rectangular contact disc area so that steam-liquid contact reaches the maximum exposure that utilizes in prior art, and also do not have to make and equate that consistent in fact tower section of design and tool respectively are connected to the rectangle contact disc of custom design, so that this upright tower of mentioning can be molded to be installed up to required tower or post, industrial design profile person's exposure, in addition, in prior art more irrelevant in provide the elongation apsacline tube flowing structure falls in case be almost pure liquid cause next connection the contact chamber and go forward to its bubble cap disc, produce and fall liquid diffluence foam storagetank on quiet in fact, this increases the liquid throughput capacity, save heat energy, and reduce for the needs of surveying stripper and/or method, in brief, the feature of aforementioned discussion and advantage make the more valuable efficient of contact tower of the present invention.

The invention provides as fractionating column, destilling tower, adsorption tower etc. and part thereof, comprise a succession of contact disc that is equiped with, the on the whole homogeneous framework contact mould of required steam capacity is thought in pre-design, it can be before installing use location, chamber, by easily in another top group unifier to become complete tower, as in this exposure, contain moldedly the making that tower becomes the reduction of manufacturing expenses or be comparable with present tower price at least of custom design contact disc with same basically, part out of the ordinary is designed such that the path of descending withdrawing fluid is for making progress to time up main steam flow of a contact chamber in passing contact disc, in addition, elongation inclination winding mountain path is provided in the downcomer structure so that prevent foam and/or foam expansion and hinders downspout to a time low chamber, in addition, one structure be provided to allow by up second steam of downspout backflow storagetank development to respect in the ascending counterflow of withdrawing fluid so that rise as for continuing upwards through next top contact disc in the perpendicular abutment contact disc and with main steam flow, the chamber area that contacts between contact disc and contact disc is maintained at one and does not hinder state so that increase steam flow efficient, in addition, on all levels, withdrawing fluid flows through contact disc equably with equidirectional, therefore, further promote contact disc efficient, theoretical research is presented at the efficient that unidirectional withdrawing fluid stream has 15 to 40 percentages to increase, check shows, with regard to capacity and opereating specification, the present invention operates to be better than the conventional designs mode, tower capacity for fluid is expanded gravely, fluid flow rate on each contact device outlet training dyke is improved greatly, check shows that similarly this distiller or tower can be operated and the special performance of tool low pressure drop under vast liquid and vapor ratio scope.

The present invention can be used to effectively to separate or in conjunction with gasoline distillation, fractionation, alcohol distillation or the rectifying of liquid and semi-liquid material, absorption, and veritably, any means are for needing, it should be noted, mat the present invention, structure Design and investment price and operation price and use heat energy have great reduction compared with prior art.

Therefore, main purpose of the present invention is for providing the steam-liquid contact column and the composition thereof of a novelty and improvement.

Advance a purpose for providing one in order to more there to be price efficiency ground to separate various liquid, semiliquid and gas to advancing pure fractionation compound and becoming the structure of liquid in order to adsorbed gas.

Another purpose for provide tool elongation waste water path and in order to withdrawing fluid with defoam the biglyyest, the downcomer structure of the storage facility of de-bubble and degasification or withdrawing fluid.

Add purpose for a storagetank is provided in downspout, be not directed on time follow-up contact disc by wherein there being the steam withdrawing fluid.

Extra purpose is for providing a downspout storagetank, can be drawn out of as product by essentially no vapor liquid wherein, reduces the needs that side is cut stripper, pump etc.

Advance a purpose for the structure of a tool one described pattern tower is provided, it will be guided second steam that is produced by the degasification of liquid in downspout and be back in the indoor main steam flow of contact.

Another purpose is for providing the structure of a succession of perpendicular separation contact of tool chamber, and it is not carried structure by the downspout withdrawing fluid and hinders.

Add purpose for a succession of perpendicular separation contact disc is provided in tower, wherein the stream of the withdrawing fluid on it is for unidirectional.

Extra purpose is the device that is provided for being accustomed to designing and being designed for required steam flow capacity contact disc installing, falls to finish optimum pressure between continuous chamber.

Purpose is for providing contact tower in addition, and therefore, each perpendicular separation contact disc can the different steam flow capacity of tool and therefore made the heat abstraction by cat head become possibility, and the mat side cut product and reduce to draw to around and draw the needs of steam under tower.

Another purpose is for providing the tower section structure of identical moulding unit in essence, and it can be piled up together and be fixed in the required post tower.

Mat is with reference to following being described in detail and accompanying drawing, and the present invention can be understood, in wherein:

Fig. 1 is the place ahead stereogram in conjunction with feature tower of the present invention, and it is a broken section, and illustrates and can be piled up and several the two of same section in essence of fixing tower together,

Fig. 2 is the top plane view of one of tower section representative and is the 2-2 line cutting along Fig. 1;

The a pair of regional front view that Fig. 3 cuts open for Fig. 1 structure and be arrow 3 takers along Fig. 1;

Fig. 4 is local right side cross-sectional view and for to be obtained by the 4-4 line of Fig. 1,

Fig. 5 is partial left sectional view and for to be obtained by the 5-5 line of Fig. 1,

Fig. 6 is illustrated in after a pair of zone of Fig. 1 tower view and obtains along Fig. 1 arrow;

Fig. 7,8 and 9 is the details drawing of the 7-7 camber line of Fig. 6, illustrates the bubble cap disc out of the ordinary of some uses or the kind pattern of the structure that contact device can be received,

Figure 10 is mainly the amplification details drawing of analysing and observe for the 10-10 line along Figure 11, and it illustrates can adjust door and training dyke structure,

Figure 11 is the skeleton diagram of similar Fig. 4, but illustrates the interior withdrawing fluid and the vapor liquid of a pair of bound fraction of tower among Fig. 1.

Fig. 2-6 and 11 is for reducing the view of ratio.

Fig. 1, tower 10 is shown as and comprises that tool structurally is assembled into joint a series of districts together or many pallets device of mould 11 for identical or similar in fact the relation with accumulation, tower 10 can comprise a heating source 12, it is for needs in order to add man-hour in some chemistry and alcohol distillation when it, any molded district 11 can enter the mouth 13 with feeding line, liquid extracts line 13A out or steam injects line 13B as being illustrated in Fig. 1 and 11 joints, part 11 out of the ordinary comprises that a shell or wall are around structure 14, it is around a vertical conduit, and this conduit tool contains the guide-tube structure 15A of most stacked verticallies chamber pallet 15B.

Each of chamber pallet 15B is provided horizontal liquid-gas " contact tower " 16, it also is known as bubble cap disc or contact device sometimes, this contact disc provides one by one concentrates the device of groove 20 with reference to Figure 10 in order to development withdrawing fluid line, so that a foaming steam can pass through these concentrated grooves up, contact disc is made it to be removed subsequently by installing and the additional variation to keep or to be accustomed to designing on the steam flow capacity of quilt, therefore, as in shown in Fig. 7-9, contact device or coil 16 and can comprise hole (screen tray) 17 as be shown in Fig. 7, plate or coil 16 and also comprise bubble-cap out of the ordinary 18 as at Fig. 8, or each contact disc 16 can be Uniflex dish as in Fig. 9, this contact device is known and sometimes by industrial known as screen tray sometimes, bubble cap disc, Flexitrays, float valve dish and Uniflex dish person choose, about operation, only say that at this moment this is just enough, the up steam that makes progress in contact chamber region 11 out of the ordinary passes dish and makes that upwards partly steam will condense and make the top backflow of accumulation to concentrate groove 20, continuously, the tool lighter fraction concentrates groove to up by hanging down.

Once more, chamber pallet 15B out of the ordinary, textural can be identical, in form be fit to be with 22 affixed reference Fig. 1 and Fig. 5 together for rectangle and for mat, important in noting, the panel 23 of each chamber or stage 15B comprise low door opening or larynx 24 with reference to Fig. 3 and 10 to allow withdrawing fluid to enter consistent contact disc 16; Identical, the other end at the contact disc 16 that is used for each pallet or part 15B, one outlet training dyke 25 will be set, and at it by an after-opening 26 being arranged in the 15B of this contact chamber, continuously chamber 15B forms guide-tube structure with the rising steam, and a downcomer structure 27 is set at outside the 15B area of contact chamber, outside but be fixed to pipe guide 15A promptly, each downspout structure 27 comprises top 28 and reduced levels part 29, and it is that mat two inclination winding mountain paths 20 and 31 connect.If need, a single inclination winding mountain path 30,31 need be used, and in this situation, all the other sides can simply be shut.

In any case, and shown in embodiment, downcomer structure receives and drops to backflow storagetank 20A gradually along winding mountain path 30 and 31 withdrawing fluids to horizontal component 29, this withdrawing fluid enters opening or door 24 is concentrated groove 20 to form on the contact plate 16 of combination, but concentrate comprising and being provided with and defining of groove depth mat training dyke, therefore, in operation, withdrawing fluid descends subsequently downwards because the backflow of relative training dyke formation is concentrated groove 20 and unidirectional carrying out along downcomer structure 27, withdrawing fluid overflows the upper limb of training dyke 25 and passes side opening 26, and this withdrawing fluid will be via winding mountain path 30,31 drop to a time higher position 28 than sinking liquid tubular construction 27.

Figure 10 illustrate annex 32 can be in order to fixing contact device in its respective areas in inner room bracket 33, this can be included to as for when the needs, contact disc can be by as top removal, in addition, but Figure 10 illustrate in the opening 24 of Fig. 1 for example mat can adjust door 34 and form, with reference to Figure 10, it is for being hinged to primary structure and mat control device 34A moves 35, this optionally increases the downspout withdrawing fluid as the purpose in the storagetank 20A degree of depth for being used for, and because of therefore increasing the pressure of this liquid, thereby guiding liquids as one man enters the contact chamber, the withdrawing fluid degree of depth will allow the graduation of liquid or be divided into the zone in the downspout storeroom, promptly be popularized and allow the higher low density liquid level of escape in fact to bubble by more gasless intensive low-level liquid in essence.

Figure 11 is with summary form and explanation withdrawing fluid, steam in chamber region 15B, and mobile by at the steam of the backflow storagetank 20A of downcomer structure 27 inner fluid risings, in example subsequently, downcomer structure provides the sediment gradually of a decline withdrawing fluid to the storagetank time opening that refluxes, this forms general static opening 24 before 24 the opening in essence above arriving horizontal component 29, in essence, distiller or tower are operated and make backflow storagetank 20A level define opening 24 edges for being higher than, therefore form the liquid sealing and keep any foam or bubble on this withdrawing fluid, foam collapse will produce steam, it can contraryly freely carry out in withdrawing fluid before the withdrawing fluid that descends gradually enters opening 24, and steam rises and is back to one of contact chamber 15B, and the contact disc 16 that passes combination subsequently enters the contact chamber 15B on it, one feeding line 13, take out line 13A, steam injects line 13B and is also comprised, the steam injector can be used to select reducing vapour pressure on the distiller level to promote vaporization by 13B.

It should be noted, optimum plate area is used with contact of gas and liquid and knot and holds the transverse hydraulic gradient that dish 16 is crossed in fixer rate of flow of fluid and reduction, in addition, plate spacing is caused for that do not hinder and way flow that cross the plate number, and Figure 11 illustrates withdrawing fluid and reverse steam flow in detail.

If need, but 12 supplies of heating mat heating source as shown in Figure 1, the end separated and as 36 indications distinctly carry out, noncondensing gas and steam do not separate and deliver to condense unit and a part and sent back to the cat head plate as withdrawing fluid 37, tower can be the formation as the mould 11 that shows any number.Each mould is designed so that part can engage easily in 38 reaches welding together or connect, but distinctly contacts the adjusting mat custom design contact disc of intermode pressure and have to reach optimum pressure and fall and contacting efficiency.

Part out of the ordinary by framework so that the top 28 of downcomer structure 27 out of the ordinary is placed under contact plate 16 horizontal levels of withdrawing fluid by decline it on, therefore the required dropping liquid of flow liquid body overflows training dyke and reduces in the downcomer structure 27 once, each downspout winding mountain path 30,31 elongation and inclination are in the nature in order to reduce carrying secretly with respect to the gas in the suitable no gas backstreaming liquid that descends on opening 24 in inferior low contact chamber and assemble, bubble and the one-tenth bubble, the operating efficiency of this each contact device of bigger improvement, what noted is, Modelling of Flow with Recirculation and going is steeped outside the area that respectively is subordinated to mould contact chamber and is kept completely, in addition, contact chamber area is hindered by not carried withdrawing fluid to time structure of low chamber by one, show in the present invention, the withdrawing fluid path that passes tower about its decline is maintained at outside the guide-tube structure 15A, therefore, efficient is further promoted on the tower of each zone and combination.

At last, can find that downcomer structure 27 is arranged to make that liquid crosses each contact device with equidirectional on the plate advances, from left to right as the 4th figure promptly, this further increases the efficient of tower as described above.

Therefore, the supplier of institute is a new and useful structure, its for via the use of contact device by gas, liquid, the separation of fraction etc. or combination (absorption) are so that decline withdrawing fluid rising steam has maximum contact, equip manufactured to reduce inefficiency and in order to avoid downcomer structure directly on contact device and down, so that make the service efficiency maximization of this contact device, similarly, equipment upwards the rising of second steam that the outdoor withdrawing fluid of contact escapes and gas that be designed to serve as reasons so can be rebooted under inferior high contact device.

Therefore, the invention provides a vertical conduit, its tool contains the guide-tube structure 15A of the pallet 15B of most stacked verticallies conduit room, in preferred embodiment, each pallet 15B of conduit room is horizontal rectangle cross section and engages a rectangle vapor liquid contact disc or a device, with reference to Fig. 1 and 11, guide-tube structure 15A is upwards flowed out by each contact device 16 by put to force and to guide steam consistent with contact device, in structure, withdrawing fluid, inclination downspout winding mountain path 30,31 respectively are fixed to and spiral helicine to guide-tube structure 15A, therefore be found in around the conduit 15A shape in the shape of a spiral, withdrawing fluid stream is for unidirectional on all steams and liquid contact apparatus, this is because the shape of downcomer structure 27, in fact, according to the present invention, by wall construction 14, guide-tube structure 15A, the withdrawing fluid path of contact device 16 and downcomer structure 27 definition is in the adjacency of contact device, 24 of arranged vertical openings are for becoming 360 ° of helical forms with reference to Fig. 1,6 and 11, the downspout winding mountain path 30 of this tool wall enclosure wall 14, therefore 31 form a reverse backflow liquid and a gas effectively, near 360 ° of way flow of advancing guide-tube structure 15A, ° spiral channel promptly-360, it is a spirality by a contact device 16 to inferior low contact device 16.

Though particular example of the present invention is shown and narrates, to being familiar with this skill for obvious variation and modify and can not carry out in departing under the wide notion of the present invention, therefore, and when decision invention true spirit and scope, should be for it with reference to the appended claims scope.

Claims (15)

1, the tower section that forms with the same section vertical stacking, this part comprises:

The vertical conduit of on the tool and lower part;

Be fixed to and horizontal expansion through the consistent steam and the fluid level contact device of this conduit;

This contact device have an arrival end and a port of export each with relative arrangement;

This conduit tool one inlet larynx opening connects at this arrival end and with fluid, and the inlet of a gas and liquid outlet opening near and on this contact device port of export,

One training dyke places this contact device port of export and under this gas access and liquid outlet opening;

One downcomer structure, its be fixed to this conduit and outside this conduit and tool one low-end engage with this throat is liquid, end places on this outlet opening on one, and reaches lower end on a fluid access structure and this downcomer structure and combine; And

One wall enclosure wall, its place near this conduit and configuration to form 360 ° of changed course fluid passages that advance with this conduit of this downcomer structure and this contact device, a backflow liquid and gas;

The end of should going up of this downcomer structure is arranged to accept liquid by the contact device port of export discharge of one of similar portions, this similar part is for time being higher than this part at this stacked vertically, advances this liquid stream of changed course and drains into the arrival end of this contact device with 360 °;

This contact device tool one of one of this similar part and the arrival end of this area entry end arranged vertical;

Therefore, flow for unidirectional by this contact device arrival end relative liquid that this crosses the contact device of one of this zone similarity above the inner gradation of vertical stacks of liquid stream to the port of export.

2, the tower section according to claim 1, it is characterized by have more one be adjacent to this vertical conduit go up terminal device mechanically to engage this part to the inferior high similar portions in vertical stacks.

3, the tower section according to claim 3 is characterized by this contact device and is being rectangle in shape.

4, the tower section according to claim 3, it is characterized by vertical conduit is a horizontal rectangular cross section.

5, the tower section according to claim 1 is characterized by this fluid path structure and comprises downward-sloping winding mountain path, and it is for to extend between end and lower end on this downcomer structure.

6, the tower section according to claim 1, the lower end that it is characterized by this wall enclosure wall and this downcomer structure the arrival end of this contact device and on define a withdrawing fluid storagetank.

7, one constitutes to accumulate the vertical tower of descending withdrawing fluid of up steam and gas and adverse current and foam, and it comprises:

Majority, space, arranged vertical, horizontal steam and liquid contact apparatus respectively are provided a port of export,

Pipe guide, it engages with this majority, arranged vertical contact device and cooperates with its outer peripheral edges and be equipped with the guiding steam flow approximately mutually by a contact device extremely and pass inferior high contact device,

This pipe guide tool one arranged vertical withdrawing fluid enters larynx, respectively is connected to the arrival end of the relative port of export of contact device,

Each arrival end is become arranged vertical with a time low arrival end that contacts in this vertical tower,

Downcomer means, its side direction places outside this pipe guide and is fixed thereon, it is for being entered larynx 360 ° of changed course fluid passages that advance are provided to larynx to the low contact device arranged vertical of this time that enters that engages with inferior low contact device arrival end by the port of export of each contact device in order to the guiding withdrawing fluid, and it is unidirectional that the liquid that the feasible liquid that crosses each contact device crosses most contact devices relatively flows.

8, the vertical tower according to claim 7 is characterized by this downcomer means and comprises spirality, downward-sloping downcomer means.

9, the vertical tower according to claim 7 is characterized by the most stacked verticallies of this pipe guide tool conduit room pallet.

10, the vertical tower according to claim 7 is characterized by each pipe guide pallet and engages a horizontal steam and liquid contact device.

11, the vertical tower according to claim 7 is characterized by each horizontal steam and liquid contact apparatus and is being rectangle in shape.

12, design is to be used for the tower section of similar portions vertical stacks, and this tower section comprises:

Reach the vertical conduit of lower end on the tool,

Be fixed to this conduit and horizontal expansion similar thereon, rectangle, steam and fluid level contact device,

The arrival end and the port of export that this rectangle contact device tool is positioned opposite to each other time are higher than the device of arrival end of one of the similar portions of this part to the vertical stacks in order to the guiding withdrawing fluid,

In order to guide this withdrawing fluid by the device of this port of export to one of inferior this similar part that is lower than this part in this vertical stacks.

13, according to the described tower of claim 12 partly, it is characterized by this vertical conduit is horizontal rectangle cross section person.

14, one in order to accumulate the adverse current fluid and the unanimity of steam, the assembly of stacked stacked vertically tower mould, and each assembly comprises following combining form:

In and outer, concentric, space conduit,

Steam-the liquid contact apparatus of this inner catheter is put and as one man be engaged in to level,

The relative fluid of side enters and the fluid steam inlet device, and it engages in its opposite end distinctly to provide import contact to this with this contact device and reaches by wherein coming out,

Place this to go into and go out the downcomer means of fixing between conduit on it, it is connected with this import;

Be used to this inlet and go out to engage on the conduit and fix to reach on other the device of following tower mould to this mould.

15, the tower mould according to claim 14, wherein this downcomer means is connected with the fluid-steam-gas inlet device of the contact device of once going up the squarer mould of stacked, stacked vertically tower mould further.

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