CN103936063B - Method and system for recycling vanadium-containing mud generated in vanadium removal process of crude titanium tetrachloride - Google Patents
Method and system for recycling vanadium-containing mud generated in vanadium removal process of crude titanium tetrachloride Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a system for recycling vanadium-containing mud generated in a vanadium removal process of crude titanium tetrachloride. The vanadium-containing mud contains titanium tetrachloride liquid and VOCl2 solid. The method comprises the steps of adding the vanadium-containing mud into a molten salt furnace, evaporating, and collecting titanium tetrachloride in the vanadium-containing mud; introducing chlorine into the vanadium-containing mud to ensure that chlorine is reacted with VOCl2 in the vanadium-containing mud, and obtaining mixed gas containing VOCl3 gas and chlorine; condensing the mixed gas to obtain VOCl3 liquid and chlorine, wherein molten salt is filled in the molten salt furnace, and the temperature of the molten salt furnace is kept at 600-750 DEG C. The recycling system is used for implementing the method, and comprises the molten salt furnace, an air supply pipe, a TiCl4 gas collecting unit and a condenser. The recycling method and recycling system, provided by the invention, are used for realizing one-time recovery of valuable elements namely titanium and vanadium in the vanadium-containing mud, and are high in yield of vanadium and titanium, and high in purity of obtained products.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to metallurgical environmental protection technical field, more particularly, relate to a kind of from thick TiCl
4aluminium powder contains except what produce in vanadium refining process the method reclaiming valuable element Ti and V in vanadium mud.
Background technology
Titanium tetrachloride (TiCl
4) be produce titanium sponge and chloride process titanium dioxide must obligato raw material.Due to titaniferous materials (such as, ilmenite) there is many detrimental impurity (such as in the crude titanic chloride produced through retailoring, chlorination, vanadium), these impurity directly affect the quality of titanium sponge, therefore, must purification could for the production of titanium sponge and titanium white in addition by crude titanic chloride.Because the foreign matter of vanadium in crude titanic chloride is mainly with three aluminum oxidation vanadium (VOCl
3) form existence, its boiling point (127 DEG C) and titanium tetrachloride boiling point (136 DEG C) are very close, thus adopt rectificating method to be difficult to vanadium to be separated removing from titanium tetrachloride, mainly adopt chemical process except vanadium in the industrial production, such as, aluminium powder is except vanadium.
It is under aluminum chloride makes the condition of catalyzer that aluminium powder removes vanadium technique, with aluminium powder by TiCl
4be reduced to titanous chloride (TiCl
3), the muriate of this Low-valent Titanium is a kind of strong reductant, can with thick TiCl
4in VOCl
3effect, makes it to be reduced to VOCl
2, foreign matter of vanadium and TiCl
3between occur main chemical reactions equation as shown in the formula shown in 1 and formula 2:
formula 1
TiCl
3(1)+VOCl
3(1)=TiCl
4(1)+VOCl
2(s) formula 2
Namely remove in vanadium technique at aluminium powder, VOCl
3be reduced into solid-state VOCl
2, be deposited in refining mud.At present, for thick TiCl
4aluminium powder contains vanadium mud except what produce in vanadium refining process, mainly make the lime cake being insoluble in water to bank up slag field by adding lime, such process is refining not only can not reclaim valuable element vanadium containing vanadium mud, and take a large amount of land resources, cause environmental degradation, indirectly add titanium sponge production cost.
Summary of the invention
For the deficiencies in the prior art, an object of the present invention is to solve in above-mentioned prior art the one or more problems existed.Such as, an object of the present invention is that providing a kind of recycles thick TiCl
4aluminium powder contains the vanadium of vanadium mud and the method for titanium except what produce in vanadium refining process.
To achieve these goals, an aspect of of the present present invention provides the recovery method containing vanadium mud that a kind of crude titanic chloride produces except vanadium.Described containing in vanadium mud contains titanium tetrachloride liquid and VOCl
2solid, described method comprises carries out ground following steps successively: add in molten salt furnace by described containing vanadium mud, to evaporate and to collect containing the titanium tetrachloride in vanadium mud; Chlorine is passed into containing in vanadium mud, to make chlorine and the VOCl contained in vanadium mud to described
2reaction, obtains comprising VOCl
3the mixed gas of gas and chlorine; Mixed gas described in condensation, obtains VOCl
3liquid and chlorine; Wherein, fused salt is loaded with in described molten salt furnace and temperature in described molten salt furnace remains on 600 ~ 750 DEG C.
According to an embodiment of the recovery method containing vanadium mud that crude titanic chloride of the present invention produces except vanadium, the temperature in described molten salt furnace remains on 650 ~ 700 DEG C.
According to an embodiment of the recovery method containing vanadium mud that crude titanic chloride of the present invention produces except vanadium, by weight percentage, the described navajoite that contains is starched by aluminium powder except vanadium process produces, wherein can containing the TiCl of 70 ~ 85%
4, 8 ~ 10% TiCl
3, 1 ~ 3% VOCl
2and the AlCl of 3 ~ 8%
3.
According to an embodiment of the recovery method containing vanadium mud that crude titanic chloride of the present invention produces except vanadium, the described mass ratio containing the intake of vanadium mud and described chlorine can be 40: 1 ~ 50: 1.
According to the embodiment of recovery method containing vanadium mud that crude titanic chloride of the present invention produces except vanadium, control described chlorine and complete in 20 ~ 30min and pass into.
According to an embodiment of the recovery method containing vanadium mud that crude titanic chloride of the present invention produces except vanadium, described fused salt is the mixture of NaCl and KCl.
According to an embodiment of the recovery method containing vanadium mud that crude titanic chloride of the present invention produces except vanadium, the mass ratio of described NaCl and KCl can be 4: 6 ~ 2: 8.
According to the embodiment of recovery method containing vanadium mud that crude titanic chloride of the present invention produces except vanadium, described method also comprises and in described molten salt furnace, to pass into rare gas element to keep fused salt and to contain the flowing of vanadium mud.
According to an embodiment of the recovery method containing vanadium mud that crude titanic chloride of the present invention produces except vanadium, described mixed gas is cooled to-5 ~ 10 DEG C by described condensing steps.
Another aspect provides the recovery system containing vanadium mud that a kind of crude titanic chloride produces except vanadium.Described recovery system comprises molten salt furnace, air-supply duct, TiCl
4gas collection unit and condenser, wherein, described molten salt furnace comprise there is inner chamber body of heater, be arranged on body of heater containing vanadium mud opening for feed, the venting port being arranged on body of heater top, the fused salt of splendid attire in described inner chamber and heating unit, described molten salt furnace can be heated to 600 ~ 700 DEG C by fused salt with containing vanadium mud; Described air-supply duct is connected with described molten salt furnace and for passing into chlorine and inertia stirring gas in described molten salt furnace, one end that described air-supply duct is connected with described molten salt furnace is stretched under the charge level in described molten salt furnace; Described TiCl
4gas collection unit is communicated with the venting port of described molten salt furnace respectively with the inlet mouth of condenser, wherein, and described TiCl
4gas collection unit is for collecting the TiCl discharged from molten salt furnace
4gas, described condenser is used for condensation and reclaims the VOCl discharged from molten salt furnace
3gas.
Compared with prior art, beneficial effect of the present invention comprises: in molten salt furnace, removing is simultaneously containing the titanium tetrachloride in vanadium mud and dichloro vanadyl, production unit is simple, achieve disposable recovery titanium tetrachloride and refine valuable element titanium in mud and vanadium, and the yield of vanadium and titanium is high, the product purity obtained is high, while realization is turned waste into wealth, solves the problem of environmental pollution brought containing vanadium mud.
Accompanying drawing explanation
By the description carried out below in conjunction with accompanying drawing, above and other object of the present invention and feature will become apparent, wherein:
Fig. 1 shows the schematic diagram of the recovery system containing vanadium mud that exemplary embodiment of the present crude titanic chloride produces except vanadium.
Description of reference numerals:
1-molten salt furnace, 2-fused salt, 3,4-electrode, 5-air-supply duct, 6-TiCl
4gas collection unit, 7-condenser and 8-VOCl
3product stock unit.
Embodiment
Hereinafter, the recovery method containing vanadium mud and the recovery system of removing vanadium generation according to crude titanic chloride of the present invention will be described by reference to the accompanying drawings in detail with exemplary embodiment.
Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the recovery system containing vanadium mud that exemplary embodiment of the present crude titanic chloride produces except vanadium.As shown in Figure 1, this recovery system comprises molten salt furnace 1, air-supply duct 5, TiCl
4gas collection unit 6, condenser 7 and VOCl
3product stock unit 8.
Wherein, molten salt furnace 1 can by thick TiCl
4be heated to 600 ~ 750 DEG C, it comprise there is inner chamber body of heater, be arranged on body of heater containing vanadium mud opening for feed, the venting port being arranged on body of heater top, fused salt 2 (be also called thermal barrier or heating medium) and the heating unit of splendid attire in described inner chamber.Wherein, fused salt is the mixture of NaCl and KCl.Heating unit comprises Graphite Electrodes 3 and 4.Air-supply duct 5 for passing into chlorine and inertia stirring gas (such as nitrogen) in molten salt furnace 1, and one end of air-supply duct 5 and the connection of described molten salt furnace are also stretched under the charge level in described molten salt furnace, and the other end is communicated with external air source.TiCl
4gas collection unit 6 is communicated with the venting port of molten salt furnace 1 respectively with the inlet mouth of condenser 7, wherein, and TiCl
4gas collection unit 6 is for collecting the TiCl discharged from molten salt furnace
4gas, in this example, adopts refining and distilling still as TiCl
4gas collection unit, refining and distilling still can be collected and refine and reclaim TiCl
4gas obtains TiCl
4product; Condenser 7 reclaims the VOCl discharged from molten salt furnace for condensation
3gas, obtains high purity VOCl
3(1) product.VOCl
3product stock unit is connected with condenser 7, for collecting the high purity VOCl that condenser 7 condensation obtains
3(1) product.
Below, the recovery system containing vanadium mud produced except vanadium in conjunction with above-mentioned crude titanic chloride is described in detail according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention recovery process.
What this technique produced except vanadium process with aluminium powder contains vanadium mud for raw material, and chlorine is oxygenant, and the mixture of NaCl and KCl is heating medium (fused salt), and molten salt furnace 1 is separated and VOCl as titanium tetrachloride
2the equipment of oxidation, condenser 7 is as VOCl
3recovery system.Wherein, by weight percentage, containing TiCl in vanadium mud
4content is 80 ~ 85%, TiCl
3content is 8 ~ 10%, VOCl
2content is 1 ~ 3% and AlCl
3content is 3 ~ 7%, but the present invention is not limited thereto, method of the present invention can also process other except crude titanic chloride except vanadium process produce comprise titanium tetrachloride liquid and VOCl
2solid containing vanadium mud.The mass ratio of NaCl and KCl in addition in heating medium controls to be 4: 6 ~ 2: 8.This technique specifically comprises the following steps:
(1) mixed by predetermined proportion by heating medium (NaCl and KCl) and be preheated to molten state, now temperature is 600 ~ 750 DEG C, then adds in molten salt furnace 1, and utilizes Graphite Electrodes 3 and 4 to heat to remain within the scope of 600 ~ 750 DEG C.
(2) will add in molten salt furnace containing vanadium mud, and be insulation 20 ~ 30min under the condition of 600 ~ 750 DEG C in temperature, to evaporate and to collect the titanium tetrachloride contained in vanadium mud, reach the object of separating titanium.
(3) ratio being 40: 1 ~ 50: 1 according to the mass ratio containing vanadium mud and chlorine passes into chlorine, and control chlorine pass into speed, lead to chlorine in 20 ~ 30min, the chlorine passed into and the VOCl contained in vanadium mud
2solid reacts the VOCl generating gaseous state under the temperature condition of 600 ~ 750 DEG C
3.
(4) condensation is reclaimed the VOCl that molten salt furnace 1 is discharged
3gas passes in condenser 7, keeps the temperature in condenser to be-5 ~ 10 DEG C, obtains highly purified VOCl
3liquid and chlorine, realize VOCl
3and Cl
2separation, wherein, highly purified VOCl
3liquid sends into VOCl
3preserve in product stock unit 8, excessive chlorine can pass into alkali pond.
In above-mentioned steps (1) in (3), the temperature controlled in molten salt furnace is 600 ~ 750 DEG C can make fused salt keep flowing, wherein, steams TiCl in step (2)
4time, be dispersed in the fused salt of molten state containing vanadium mud, heating surface area is large and even, be beneficial to raising and steam efficiency, if do not adopt molten salt furnace and the temperature controlled in molten salt furnace in said temperature scope, due to lower containing solid load ratio in vanadium mud, and liquid content is more and fusing point is close, after steaming liquid phase, remaining solid matter easily hardens, and causes further vanadium separating-purifying difficulty; And in the chlorination process of step (3), dichloro vanadyl is dispersed in the fused salt of molten state, there are more chance and chlorine reaction, and speed of reaction is fast under above-mentioned hot conditions, if when temperature is lower than 600 DEG C, fused salt mobility is bad, if when temperature is higher than 750 DEG C, dichloro vanadyl may steam, and it is too high to consume energy.
Preferably, in above-mentioned steps (1) in (3), the temperature controlled in molten salt furnace is 650 ~ 700 DEG C.
Further, in described step (2) and step (3), in molten salt furnace, pass into rare gas element (such as nitrogen), keep fused salt 2 and the flowing containing vanadium mud, to mix.
First this technique evaporate removing containing the TiCl in vanadium mud
4, then utilize VOCl
2and VOCl
3different physical propertiess and chemical property, use oxygenant Cl
2vOCl in oxidation molten salt furnace
2s () generates VOCl
3(g), VOCl
3g () cools in a cooling system and forms liquid, thus be separated the object reaching and extract V, that is, makes VOCl by chlorine
2transformed to lower boiling by high boiling point, thus reach the effect of purification.
In order to understand above-mentioned exemplary embodiment of the present invention better, below in conjunction with concrete example, it is further described.
This example adopts the molten salt furnace process TiCl of 300 tons/year
4what aluminium powder produced except vanadium treating process contains vanadium mud.Wherein, the diameter of molten salt furnace is 800mm, and power is 60kW, and type of heating is Graphite Electrodes heating, often a collection of can process 300Kg containing vanadium mud, power consumption 80kWh.
Specific embodiment is: the mass ratio of (1) preparation NaCl and KCl is the fused salt 600Kg of 4: 6, and be preheated to molten state, now temperature is 650 DEG C, is then injected in the molten salt furnace that diameter is, and keeps temperature to be 650 DEG C by Graphite Electrodes heating; (2) switch tail gas to refining and distilling still, be communicated with the venting port of molten salt furnace by refining and distilling still, and in molten bath, feed nitrogen by air-supply duct, maintenance gas supply flow is 50m
3/ h, then injects 300Kg containing vanadium mud, is incubated 30min, tail gas (the i.e. TiCl obtained at 650 DEG C in molten salt furnace
4gas) escape and enter refining and distilling still from venting port; (3) switch tail gas to condenser, namely close the connection between refining and distilling still and the venting port of molten salt furnace, and be communicated with molten salt furnace venting port by condenser, the nitrogen flow in reduction vapor pipe is to 48m
3/ h, and start to molten bath, to pass into chlorine from vapor pipe, control chlorine flowrate is 12m
3it is 650 DEG C that/h controls temperature of reaction, and continue 30min, the tail gas obtained is (containing VOCl
3gas and chlorine) discharge from venting port and be sent to condenser and be condensed to room temperature, obtain liquid VOCl
3product.(4) increase nitrogen flow, close chlorine, inject next batch containing vanadium mud, continue next batch ground refining.Wherein, process five batches needs deslagging containing after vanadium mud continuously, returns to elemental height to make the fused salt liquid level in molten salt furnace.
Present invention achieves disposable recovery titanium tetrachloride and refine valuable element titanium in mud and vanadium, wherein, Ti yield>=95%, V yield>=85%, VOCl
3product purity>=98wt%, namely yield is high, and the product purity obtained is high, especially can obtain highly purified VOCl
3, can be used for production high-quality high purity vanadium.The present invention be conducive to resource efficiency utilization, technical process is short, production unit is simple, be easy to realize industrialization.And refining mud belongs to high pollution thing, the present invention is turned waste into wealth in realization, create profit while, solve problem of environmental pollution, there is very high economic and social benefit.
Although above by describing the present invention in conjunction with exemplary embodiment, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that when not departing from the spirit and scope that claim limits, various amendment and change can be carried out to exemplary embodiment of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. crude titanic chloride is except the recovery method containing vanadium mud of vanadium generation, and described containing in vanadium mud contains titanium tetrachloride liquid and VOCl
2solid, is characterized in that, said method comprising the steps of:
Add in molten salt furnace by described containing vanadium mud, to evaporate and to collect containing the titanium tetrachloride in vanadium mud;
Chlorine is passed into containing in vanadium mud, to make chlorine and the VOCl contained in vanadium mud to described
2reaction, obtains comprising VOCl
3the mixed gas of gas and chlorine;
Mixed gas described in condensation, obtains VOCl
3liquid and chlorine;
Wherein, fused salt is loaded with in described molten salt furnace and temperature in described molten salt furnace remains on 600 ~ 750 DEG C.
2. crude titanic chloride according to claim 1 is except the recovery method containing vanadium mud of vanadium generation, and it is characterized in that, the temperature in described molten salt furnace remains on 650 ~ 700 DEG C.
3. crude titanic chloride according to claim 1 is except the recovery method containing vanadium mud of vanadium generation, it is characterized in that, by weight percentage, the described navajoite that contains is starched by aluminium powder except the generation of vanadium process, wherein contains the TiCl of 70 ~ 85%
4, 8 ~ 10% TiCl
3, 1 ~ 3% VOCl
2and the AlCl of 3 ~ 8%
3.
4. crude titanic chloride according to claim 3 is except the recovery method containing vanadium mud of vanadium generation, it is characterized in that, the described mass ratio containing the intake of vanadium mud and described chlorine is 40:1 ~ 50:1.
5. crude titanic chloride according to claim 3 except vanadium produce containing the recovery method of vanadium mud, it is characterized in that, control described chlorine and complete in 20 ~ 30min and pass into.
6. crude titanic chloride according to claim 1 is except the recovery method containing vanadium mud of vanadium generation, and it is characterized in that, described fused salt is that the mixture of NaCl and KCl is as fused salt.
7. crude titanic chloride according to claim 6 is except the recovery method containing vanadium mud of vanadium generation, and it is characterized in that, the mass ratio of described NaCl and KCl is 4:6 ~ 2:8.
8. crude titanic chloride according to claim 1 except vanadium produce containing the recovery method of vanadium mud, it is characterized in that, described method also comprises and in described molten salt furnace, to pass into rare gas element to keep fused salt and to contain the flowing of vanadium mud.
9. crude titanic chloride according to claim 1 is except the recovery method containing vanadium mud of vanadium generation, and it is characterized in that, described mixed gas is cooled to-5 ~ 10 DEG C by described condensing steps.
10. crude titanic chloride is except the recovery system containing vanadium mud of vanadium generation, and it is characterized in that, described recovery system comprises molten salt furnace, air-supply duct, TiCl
4gas collection unit and condenser, wherein,
Described molten salt furnace comprise there is inner chamber body of heater, be arranged on body of heater containing vanadium mud opening for feed, the venting port being arranged on body of heater top, the fused salt of splendid attire in described inner chamber and heating unit, described molten salt furnace can be heated to 600 ~ 750 DEG C by fused salt with containing vanadium mud;
Described air-supply duct is connected with described molten salt furnace and for passing into chlorine and inertia stirring gas in described molten salt furnace, one end that described air-supply duct is connected with described molten salt furnace is stretched under the charge level in described molten salt furnace;
Described TiCl
4gas collection unit is communicated with the venting port of described molten salt furnace respectively with the inlet mouth of condenser, wherein, and described TiCl
4gas collection unit is for collecting the TiCl discharged from molten salt furnace
4gas, described condenser is used for condensation and reclaims the VOCl discharged from molten salt furnace
3gas.
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CN105481006B (en) * | 2015-11-26 | 2017-01-25 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Method for improving stability of aluminum powder-based vanadium removal method |
CN106946286A (en) * | 2017-03-09 | 2017-07-14 | 金川集团股份有限公司 | A kind of crude titanic chloride is except the chemical reaction equipment and method of vanadium |
CN106892451A (en) * | 2017-04-11 | 2017-06-27 | 攀钢集团研究院有限公司 | For processing unit and its continuous construction technology except the refined tailings of vanadium mud |
CN108996545A (en) * | 2018-10-23 | 2018-12-14 | 成都先进金属材料产业技术研究院有限公司 | Titaniferous mud titanium tetrachloride recovery system and recovery method |
CN110284003A (en) * | 2019-06-17 | 2019-09-27 | 四川江铜稀土有限责任公司 | A method of recycling copper from copper vanadium slag |
CN113666417A (en) * | 2021-09-13 | 2021-11-19 | 攀钢集团钒钛资源股份有限公司 | Vanadium-containing slurry separation method and device |
CN115821071A (en) * | 2022-12-13 | 2023-03-21 | 攀钢集团攀枝花钢铁研究院有限公司 | Treatment method of titanium tetrachloride vanadium-removing slurry |
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