CN103928062B - One kind is from pressurising reactor core water charging system - Google Patents
One kind is from pressurising reactor core water charging system Download PDFInfo
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- CN103928062B CN103928062B CN201310011904.XA CN201310011904A CN103928062B CN 103928062 B CN103928062 B CN 103928062B CN 201310011904 A CN201310011904 A CN 201310011904A CN 103928062 B CN103928062 B CN 103928062B
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E30/00—Energy generation of nuclear origin
- Y02E30/30—Nuclear fission reactors
Abstract
The invention belongs to the security system design technical field of nuclear power plant reactor and in particular to a kind of small modular reactor passive from pressurising reactor core water charging system.Wherein material-changing water tank and containment atmosphere；Reactor pressure vessel headroom is connected with sprinkler by blood pressure lowering/pressurising pipeline, is provided with electromagnetic valve on blood pressure lowering/pressurising pipeline, and sprinkler is located at from pressurising moisturizing lower box part water, is filled with nitrogen from pressurising moisturizing upper box part；Pressurising water supply tank is provided with relief valve；It is located in material-changing water tank from pressurising water supply tank, in material-changing water tank, be filled with water；Pass through shared peace note pipeline from the bottom of pressurising water supply tank to be connected with reactor pressure vessel bottom, this section of pipeline is provided with water supply tank check-valves；The bottom of material-changing water tank is passed through shared peace note pipeline and is connected with reactor pressure vessel bottom, and this section of pipeline is provided with material-changing water tank check-valves.The present invention effectively alleviates small break LOCA with simple principle, small-sized equipment, relatively low bearing requirements.
Description
Technical field
The invention belongs to the security system design technical field of nuclear power plant reactor is and in particular to a kind of little pattern
Massing reactor passive from pressurising reactor core water charging system.
Background technology
The engineered safety system of presurized water reactor, is increasingly turned to the non-energy in three generations power station from the active system in secondary power station
Dynamic system.Active security system is active system, and it runs needs power supply and pump to provide power；Passive
The operation of security system relies on the measure such as Natural Circulation or weight-driven it is not necessary to external impetus.
Typical passive safety system, such as AP1000 nuclear power plant, including Heat Discharging System of Chinese,
Passive safety injection system, Passive containment cooling system.Wherein passive safety injection system by high-pressure safety injection,
Middle pressure peace note and low pressure peace note composition.High-pressure safety injection is two high pressure water supply tanks connecting with coolant circuit,
Cooling water is injected reactor core by gravity by the accident initial stage；Middle pressure peace note is the safety injection tank of two nitrogen preacceleration inflations,
When coolant pressure is less than 5MPa, cooling water is injected by reactor core by nitrogen expansion pressure；Low pressure peace note refers to
When coolant pressure is down to pressure in containment, the cooling water in material-changing water tank injects heap by gravity
Core, realizes long-term cooling.The reactor core safety injection system of AP1000 needs Automatic Depressurization System to coordinate, and realizes default
Ground rapidly reactor core buck functionality, thus before the cooling water of high-pressure safety injection and middle pressure peace note exhausts, low pressure
Peace note can start in time it is ensured that Core cooling long-lasting.
Small modular reactor（SMR）By steam generator, manostat, even CRDM
It is placed in pressure vessel Deng equipment, form the reactor body construction of integration.SMR in security feature,
On the one hand eliminate coolant system pipeline, eliminate the large break dehydration causing due to big pipeline double
Accident；In another aspect pressure vessel, water loading amount is relatively many, even if therefore there is cut accident, also can be
Early stage ensures core deluge.So the engineered safety system of small modular reactor and large-scale heap have certain
Difference.
The IRIS reactor that Westinghouse Electric proposes early stage, the measure alleviating small break LOCA is as follows：Accident
The passive urgent heat-extraction system of early utilization（EHRS）The steam that reactor core is produced is cooled to water, drops rapid
Coolant loss is decreased while a low lateral pressure；When coolant loading amount declines to a certain extent, profit
It is pressure vessel blood pressure lowering with automatically unloading system；When the close balance of pressure in coolant pressure with small-sized safety shell
When, being injected by gravity using the constrain water tank in containment provides long-term cooling water source for reactor core.
The SMART reactor that Korea S KAERI proposes, the mixing of its engineered safety system is using active system and non-
Active system.When there is small break LOCA, Heat Discharging System of Chinese（PRHRS）By certainly
So part reactor core heat is taken away in circulation, and active safety injection system draws the water in material-changing water tank, is reactor core
Long-term cooling water source is provided.
The mPower reactor of Ba Wei company exploitation, the measure alleviating small break LOCA is similar to IRIS,
Both utilize passive emergent condensing heat exchanger to discharge reactor core decay heat, and utilize automatically unloading system to be pressure again
Force container release.Water tank in last small-sized safety shell is injected by gravity and is provided long-term cooling water source for reactor core.
The W-SMR reactor of Westinghouse Electric's recent development, it is as follows that it alleviates the measure of small break LOCA：
Accident early stage, on the one hand decay heat is taken out of by row by secondary side steam, the heap on the other hand connecting with coolant
Core water supply tank（CMT）By gravity to reactor core moisturizing.When coolant pressure declines to a certain extent, from
Dynamic depressurized system starts, and is pressure vessel release.After final pressure container internal and external pressure balance, small-sized safety
Water tank in shell is injected by gravity and is provided long-term cooling water source for reactor core.
Patent（The patent No.：201210050421.6, the passive safety injection system of nuclear reactor）Provide
A kind of reactor core water charging system with high-voltage containment and low pressure peace note as principal character.Specifically, work as generation
During minor break accident, accident early stage by other means or only relies on water loading amount in pressure vessel and ensures heap
Core floods；When refrigerant level drops to a certain degree, open Automatic Depressurization System；Inside and outside pressure vessel
After pressure balance, in containment, pond is injected by gravity and is provided long-term cooling water source for reactor core.
Reactor core moisturizing concept or the side roughly elaborating that current small modular reactor adopted described above
Case.Such scheme cuts both ways, specifically：
1.IRIS, mPower and patent（The patent No.：201210050421.6）In the water complementation being proposed,
Real to reactor core injection cooling water be after in coolant pressure and containment, pressure reaches balance.Here it
Front for ensure Core cooling it is necessary to provide other cooling ways, typically using heat exchanger take away coolant heat
Amount.
2. patent（The patent No.：201210050421.6）Containment is required to bear in the water complementation being proposed
A certain degree of pressure, this proposes high requirement to containment design with material.
3.W-SMR is provided with Core makeup tank CMT, to realize the accident initial stage to reactor core moisturizing.Reactor core is mended
Water tank, due to being connected with coolant, is therefore to hold high pressure equipment, and occupies space in containment.
Content of the invention
The present invention, according to the security feature of small modular reactor, devises one kind from pressurising reactor core moisturizing system
System, this system can reduce the requirement to other Core cooling means, reduces the number holding high pressure equipment, effectively
Using space in containment, effectively alleviated little with simple principle, small-sized equipment, relatively low bearing requirements
Cut loss of-coolant accident (LOCA).
For reaching above-mentioned purpose, the technical solution used in the present invention is：
From pressurising reactor core water charging system, this system includes containment and the reactor pressure being disposed therein to one kind
Container, electromagnetic valve, blood pressure lowering/pressurising pipeline, relief valve, from pressurising water supply tank, sprinkler, material-changing water tank,
Material-changing water tank check-valves, water supply tank check-valves, shared peace note pipeline；Described material-changing water tank and containment air
Connection；
Described reactor pressure vessel headroom is connected with sprinkler by blood pressure lowering/pressurising pipeline, in blood pressure lowering/fill
Electromagnetic valve is provided with pressure pipeline, sprinkler is located at from pressurising moisturizing lower box part water, from pressurising water supply tank
Portion is filled with nitrogen；Pressurising water supply tank is provided with relief valve；It is located in material-changing water tank from pressurising water supply tank, change
It is filled with water in material water tank；Pass through to share under peace note pipeline and reactor pressure vessel from the bottom of pressurising water supply tank
Portion connects, and this section of pipeline is provided with water supply tank check-valves；The bottom of material-changing water tank is passed through to share peace note pipeline
It is connected with reactor pressure vessel bottom, this section of pipeline is provided with material-changing water tank check-valves.
Described is a hermetic container being in normal temperature and pressure from pressurising water supply tank, and the inside major part fills cooling
Water, upper space is filled with nitrogen.
Described electromagnetic valve coolant pressure in reactor pressure vessel after accident generation is beaten when reaching setting valve
Open, by blood pressure lowering/pressurising pipeline, reactor pressure vessel is connected with from pressurising water supply tank.
Described from pressurising water supply tank start pressurising and to reactor pressure vessel inject when, using in material-changing water tank
Water give cooled down from pressurising water supply tank by wall.
Described material-changing water tank and containment atmosphere, when big in pressure and containment in reactor pressure vessel
, close to when balancing, the gravity pressure reduction of the water conservancy in material-changing water tank is to reactor pressure vessel water filling for atmospheric pressure.
Described share a peace note pipeline from pressurising water supply tank and material-changing water tank.
Having the beneficial effect that acquired by the present invention：
One kind of the present invention, from pressurising reactor core water charging system, can effectively alleviate small modular reactor
Small break LOCA, eliminates the high-pressure safety injection in large-scale passive power station and middle pressure safety injection system, in accident
Other Decay heat removal system means interventions, simple system is not needed during alleviation, equipment volume is little, pressure-bearing is low,
Containment surge pressure is low, occupies that safe shell-space is few, and additionally increases the probability that other accident occurs；
Of the present invention a kind of mainly comprise a water supply tank from pressurising from pressurising reactor core water charging system, broken
After mouth accident occurs, connect from pressurising water supply tank with reactor pressure vessel, in reactor pressure vessel blood pressure lowering
While, from pressurising water supply tank pressurising, after both balances, utilize gravity pressure reduction to reactor core from pressurising water supply tank
Injection cooling water.This reactor core water charging system has the characteristics that：
（1）When system is idle, it is in normal temperature and pressure state from pressurising water supply tank and its pipeline；
（2）Reactor pressure vessel and from the pressure balance between pressurising water supply tank accident generation after set up；
（3）Electromagnetic valve to while reactor pressure vessel release, to from pressurising water supply tank pressurising；
（4）Low from pressurising water supply tank pressure-bearing（Less than 4MPa）, volume is little（Less than 10m3）；
（5）It is placed in material-changing water tank from pressurising water supply tank, share peace note pipeline, both decreased number of lines,
Reduce the probability that peace note pipeline occurs cut；
（6）Do not need the high-pressure safety injection of large-scale passive nuclear power station and the middle pressure peace note of preacceleration inflation；
（7）The surge pressure that containment bears belongs to low pressure（Less than 0.5MPa）.
Brief description
Fig. 1 is one kind of the present invention from pressurising reactor core water charging system structure chart；
In figure：1st, reactor pressure vessel；2nd, electromagnetic valve；3rd, blood pressure lowering/pressurising pipeline；4th, relief valve；5、
From pressurising water supply tank；6th, sprinkler；7th, material-changing water tank；8th, material-changing water tank check-valves；9th, water supply tank stops
Return valve；10th, share peace note pipeline；11st, containment.
Specific embodiment
The present invention is described in detail with specific embodiment below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.
As shown in figure 1, one kind of the present invention includes containment 11 from pressurising reactor core water charging system and is arranged at
Reactor pressure vessel 1 therein, electromagnetic valve 2, blood pressure lowering/pressurising pipeline 3, relief valve 4, from pressurising moisturizing
Case 5, sprinkler 6, material-changing water tank 7, material-changing water tank check-valves 8, water supply tank check-valves 9, shared peace note pipe
Line 10；Described material-changing water tank 7 and containment 11 atmosphere；
Described reactor pressure vessel 1 headroom is connected with sprinkler 6 by blood pressure lowering/pressurising pipeline 3,
Electromagnetic valve 2 is provided with blood pressure lowering/pressurising pipeline 3, sprinkler 6 is located at from pressurising water supply tank 5 bottom water,
It is filled with nitrogen from pressurising water supply tank 5 top；Pressurising water supply tank 5 is provided with relief valve 4；From pressurising water supply tank
5 are located in material-changing water tank 7, are filled with water in material-changing water tank 7；Pass through to share peace from the bottom of pressurising water supply tank 5
Note pipeline 10 is connected with reactor pressure vessel 1 bottom, and this section of pipeline is provided with water supply tank check-valves 9；
The bottom of material-changing water tank 7 is passed through shared peace note pipeline 10 and is connected with reactor pressure vessel 1 bottom, this section pipe
Material-changing water tank check-valves 8 are provided with road；
Described is a hermetic container being in normal temperature and pressure from pressurising water supply tank 5, and the inside major part fills cooling
Water, upper space is filled with nitrogen.Inflated with nitrogen is to expand with heat and contract with cold the pressure oscillation causing to alleviate cooling water,
Ensure cooling water quality simultaneously.The purpose arranging relief valve 4 from pressurising water supply tank 5 is to avoid pressure in boost process
Power is too high to cause the destruction to casing；
Described electromagnetic valve 2 coolant pressure in reactor pressure vessel 1 after accident generation is beaten when reaching setting valve
Open, by blood pressure lowering/pressurising pipeline 3, reactor pressure vessel 1 is connected with from pressurising water supply tank 5.So on the one hand
In reactor pressure vessel 1, coolant flows out, and realizes blood pressure lowering；On the other hand it is derived from reactor pressure vessel 1
Superheated vapor enters from pressurising water supply tank 5, so that casing is boosted；
The sprinkler 6 of described blood pressure lowering/pressurising pipeline 3 end stretches into the hydrospace from pressurising water supply tank 5, so buffers
From the boost process of pressurising water supply tank 5, the buck/boost process is made more gently to carry out；
Described be placed in material-changing water tank 7 from pressurising water supply tank 5, on the one hand save space in containment 11, separately
On the one hand, when starting pressurising and injecting to reactor pressure vessel 1 from pressurising water supply tank 5, the water that reloads can be utilized
Water in case 7 is cooled down from pressurising water supply tank 5 by wall；
Described material-changing water tank 7 is a container with containment 11 atmosphere, when in reactor pressure vessel 1
In pressure and containment 11, close to when balancing, the gravity pressure reduction of the water conservancy in material-changing water tank 7 is to reaction for atmospheric pressure
Core pressure vessel 1 water filling；
Described share one from pressurising water supply tank 5 and material-changing water tank 7 and share peace note pipeline 10, both decreased pipeline
Quantity, also reduces the probability that peace note pipeline occurs cut；
After reactor occurs small break LOCA, the coolant in reactor pressure vessel 1 passes through cut
Spurt to containment 11, the liquid level in reactor pressure vessel 1 reduces, reduced pressure, containment 11
Interior pressure rise；
When reactor pressure vessel 1 pressure drop to a certain extent when（As 4MPa）, triggering electromagnetic valve 2
Open signal；The unlatching of electromagnetic valve 2 does not rely on external power source；Steam state（May there is operative liquid）Cold
But agent is sprayed to from the hydrospace of pressurising water supply tank 5 by sprinkler 6 by blood pressure lowering/pressurising pipeline 3；Reaction
The further blood pressure lowering of core pressure vessel 1；From in pressurising water supply tank 5 because high temperature soda pop injects rapid pressure.
By pressure in reactor pressure vessel 1 with when from pressurising water supply tank 5, pressure reaches in a basic balance（As
3MPa）, cooling water from pressurising water supply tank 5 passes through to share peace note pipeline 10 using gravity pressure reduction and is injected into
In reactor pressure vessel 1, provide certain time for reactor core（Such as 2000 seconds）Cooling water it is ensured that heap
Core floods.
Spurt with cut and proceeding from pressurising water supply tank 5 water filling, in containment 11 atmospheric pressure by
Edge up height.Before exhausting from pressurising water supply tank 5 cooling water, reactor pressure vessel 1 and containment 11 are real
Existing pressure balance（Such as 0.4MPa）.Now, the cooling water in material-changing water tank 7 is passed through using gravity pressure reduction
Peace note pipeline 10 is injected in reactor pressure vessel 1, provides the cooling water of long period for reactor core.
The long-term cooling of reactor core relies on the outside cooling facility of containment 11 and condensation water collection facility to realize.This
The content of part non-invention, but the general facility of reactor engineered safety system.
To sum up, when cut occurs, early stage flood pattern is failure to actuate；When coolant pressure drops to a certain degree,
So that reactor pressure vessel 1 is connected with from pressurising water supply tank 5, give reactor core moisturizing from pressurising water supply tank 5；From
Till the moisturizing process of pressurising water supply tank 5 continues up to material-changing water tank 7 beginning water filling.
Claims (6)
1. one kind from pressurising reactor core water charging system it is characterised in that：This system includes containment（11）With set
The reactor pressure vessel being placed in one（1）, electromagnetic valve（2）, blood pressure lowering/pressurising pipeline（3）, relief valve
（4）, from pressurising water supply tank（5）, sprinkler（6）, material-changing water tank（7）, material-changing water tank check-valves
（8）, water supply tank check-valves（9）, share peace note pipeline（10）；Described material-changing water tank（7）With safety
Shell（11）Atmosphere；
Described reactor pressure vessel（1）Headroom passes through blood pressure lowering/pressurising pipeline（3）With sprinkler（6）
Connect, in blood pressure lowering/pressurising pipeline（3）On be provided with electromagnetic valve（2）, sprinkler（6）It is located at and mend from pressurising
Water tank（5）In the water of bottom, from pressurising water supply tank（5）Top is filled with nitrogen；From pressurising water supply tank（5）If
It is equipped with relief valve（4）；From pressurising water supply tank（5）Positioned at material-changing water tank（7）In, material-changing water tank（7）
In be filled with water；From pressurising water supply tank（5）Bottom pass through share peace note pipeline（10）Hold with reactor pressure
Device（1）Bottom connects, and this section of pipeline is provided with water supply tank check-valves（9）；Material-changing water tank（7）Bottom
Portion passes through to share peace note pipeline（10）With reactor pressure vessel（1）Bottom connects, and this section of pipeline is arranged
There are material-changing water tank check-valves（8）.
2. according to claim 1 a kind of from pressurising reactor core water charging system it is characterised in that：Described from
Pressurising water supply tank（5）It is a hermetic container being in normal temperature and pressure, the inside major part fills cooling water, on
Portion space is filled with nitrogen.
3. according to claim 1 a kind of from pressurising reactor core water charging system it is characterised in that：Described electricity
Magnet valve（2）Reactor pressure vessel after accident occurs（1）Interior coolant pressure reaches to be opened during setting valve,
By blood pressure lowering/pressurising pipeline（3）By reactor pressure vessel（1）With from pressurising water supply tank（5）Connection.
4. according to claim 1 a kind of from pressurising reactor core water charging system it is characterised in that：Described from
Pressurising water supply tank（5）Start pressurising and to reactor pressure vessel（1）During injection, using material-changing water tank（7）
Interior water is given from pressurising water supply tank（5）Cooled down by wall.
5. according to claim 1 a kind of from pressurising reactor core water charging system it is characterised in that：Described change
Material water tank（7）With containment（11）Atmosphere, works as reactor pressure vessel（1）Interior pressure and safety
Shell（11）During the close balance of interior atmospheric pressure, material-changing water tank（7）In water conservancy with gravity pressure reduction to reactor
Pressure vessel（1）Water filling.
6. according to claim 1 a kind of from pressurising reactor core water charging system it is characterised in that：Described from
Pressurising water supply tank（5）And material-changing water tank（7）Share a peace note pipeline（10）.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
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| CN201310011904.XA CN103928062B (en) | 2013-01-14 | 2013-01-14 | One kind is from pressurising reactor core water charging system |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
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| CN201310011904.XA CN103928062B (en) | 2013-01-14 | 2013-01-14 | One kind is from pressurising reactor core water charging system |
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| CN103928062B true CN103928062B (en) | 2017-03-01 |
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Families Citing this family (6)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN104979024B (en) * | 2015-05-20 | 2017-04-05 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | The passive blood pressure lowering water filling cooling system of floating nuclear power plant and its operation method |
| CN105070325A (en) * | 2015-08-14 | 2015-11-18 | 上海核工程研究设计院 | Nuclear power station safety injection system adopting steam-jet pump |
| CN105070326A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-11-18 | 上海核工程研究设计院 | Primary loop feeding and discharging system for nuclear power plant |
| CN108962407B (en) * | 2018-06-13 | 2024-02-02 | 上海核工程研究设计院股份有限公司 | Advanced reactor core water supplementing tank structure |
| CN111916234A (en) * | 2020-08-13 | 2020-11-10 | 中国核动力研究设计院 | Passive and active combined nuclear power plant safety injection system and using method thereof |
| CN113124387B (en) * | 2021-03-26 | 2022-10-04 | 华能山东石岛湾核电有限公司 | Protection device and protection method for spiral coil type steam generator |
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| JPH06130174A (en) * | 1992-10-21 | 1994-05-13 | Ishikawajima Harima Heavy Ind Co Ltd | Emergency reactor core cooling water injecting system for light water reactor |
| US9583221B2 (en) * | 2011-06-15 | 2017-02-28 | Bwxt Nuclear Energy, Inc. | Integrated emergency core cooling system condenser for pressurized water reactor |
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|---|---|---|---|---|
| EP0405720A2 (en) * | 1989-06-26 | 1991-01-02 | Westinghouse Electric Corporation | Passive safety injection system using borated water |
| CN1080773A (en) * | 1992-06-24 | 1994-01-12 | 西屋电气公司 | Staged depressurization system |
| CN101127251A (en) * | 2007-09-27 | 2008-02-20 | 华北电力大学 | Temperature induction type safe syringe system of nuclear power plant |
| CN202549319U (en) * | 2012-02-29 | 2012-11-21 | 上海核工程研究设计院 | Diverse safety system specially arranged for nuclear reactor |
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| CN103928062A (en) | 2014-07-16 |
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Address after: No. 29 Hong Cao Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai Patentee after: SHANGHAI NUCLEAR ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 29 Hong Cao Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai Patentee before: Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research & Design Institute |
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Address after: No. 29 Hong Cao Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai Patentee after: Shanghai Nuclear Engineering Research and Design Institute Co.,Ltd. Address before: No. 29 Hong Cao Road, Xuhui District, Shanghai Patentee before: SHANGHAI NUCLEAR ENGINEERING RESEARCH & DESIGN INSTITUTE Co.,Ltd. |