CN103924024A - Pre-reduction method for iron-bath melting reduction furnace - Google Patents
Pre-reduction method for iron-bath melting reduction furnace Download PDFInfo
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- CN103924024A CN103924024A CN201310008087.2A CN201310008087A CN103924024A CN 103924024 A CN103924024 A CN 103924024A CN 201310008087 A CN201310008087 A CN 201310008087A CN 103924024 A CN103924024 A CN 103924024A
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Abstract
The invention discloses a pre-reduction method for an iron-bath melting reduction furnace. Coal and iron ore are directly fed into a cyclone melting separator to form semi coke in the cyclone melting separator, then the semi coke is mixed with melted ore material to form a melted mixture composed of a pre-reduced ore material and the semi coke and finally the melted mixture is fed into a final reduction unit. The semi coke is prevented from being formed in a final reduction melting pool so that heat consumed during a forming process of the semi coke in the melting pool can be saved, the melting pool is easy to be kept at a high temperature, the semi coke is more sufficiently mixed with slag and reduction capacity of the melting pool is improved; meanwhile, the semi coke formed in the cyclone melting separator can be mixed well with the pre-reduced melted ore material before being fed into the melting pool, thereby a reduction effect of the semi coke on iron oxide in the pre-reduced melted ore material can be achieved just in the cyclone melting separator and a pre-reduction degree in the cyclone melting separator is improved.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to iron-bath molten reduction technique, more particularly, relate to a kind of iron-bath molten reduction stove prereduction method.
Background technology
Existing CCF(Cyclone Converter Furnace) produce molten iron technology be up to the present to iron-bath molten reduction method, through the comparison of multiple melting reduction method, is considered to have very much the iron of Commercial Prospect to bathe class melting reduction method.
The party's two-step approach owned by France, mainly comprise " fusing of prereduction+prereduction breeze " (fusing at least partly) and iron bath end reducing two portions, wherein, " fusing of prereduction+prereduction breeze " unit equipment is fusion cyclone (Melting Cyclone) or whirlwind melting separator, and the iron bath end reducing unit that is positioned at " prereduction+prereduction fusing " below, unit is the band slag metallurgical tank similar to the converter type of furnace." fusing of prereduction breeze " unit is sitting on iron bath end reducing unit, forms integrated reduction furnace.
The flow process of the method is powdered iron ore processing, powdered iron ore prereduction+fusing at least partly, molten iron is produced in reduction eventually, molten iron slag separates, and in " powdered iron ore prereduction+fusing at least partly " step, comprises following three main contents:
(1) first iron ore (or all iron content be greater than 45% ferrous material) is sent in fusion cyclone, and the reduction process gas that is used to herein to come from whole reduction unit is by iron ore (or all iron content be greater than 45% ferrous material) prereduction.(2) in fusion cyclone, provide oxygen to make reduction process gas carry out after-burning, make prereduction breeze in fusion cyclone, melt (fusing at least partly); (3) make the iron ore (or ferrous material) of prereduction fusing at least partly flow into the whole reduction unit of band slag metallurgical tank that is arranged in its below, finally reduce therein, produce molten iron.
In whole reduction unit, coal and oxygen are fed, in slag blanket, carry out final reduction and form thus reduction process gas.Process gas fed in slag and slag on oxygen-containing gas partial combustion in sheaf space.Coal directly feeds in slag blanket with the form of solid particulate.The direct infeed mode of coal is at least one of following manner: 1) by least one crosswind mouth of whole reduction unit, fine powder broken coal is directly sprayed in slag blanket.2) pulverized coal gun that inserts whole reducer by fusion cyclone sprays into fine powder broken coal in slag blanket.3) the coal grain that mean particle size is not less than to 6mm is left in slag blanket by the chute of whole reduction unit top or side wall.
The defect that CCF coal technology exists is: the coal dust or coal particle or both combinations that 1) directly add molten bath (molten iron or melt cinder); rising mild pyrolysis at it forms in semicoke process; absorb more heat; this reduces the temperature that makes whole reduction unit molten iron bath; the reduction rate of reduction zone declines, and has reduced reduction rate and the efficiency of whole reduction unit.Meanwhile, in slag, the content of iron protoxide is also higher, and it is unfavorable that the life-span of molten iron bath is increased.2) in CCF technology, directly add the coal in molten bath and mineral aggregate without crossing abundant premix, therefore, the degree that the semicoke forming in whole reduction unit molten bath mixes, contacts with ferric oxide in slag is poor, reduce the reduction interface of semicoke and ferric oxide, enter in addition eventually and reduce behind molten bath, the concentration of iron protoxide declines rapidly, has further reduced reduction rate and the efficiency of whole reduction unit.
Summary of the invention
For the above-mentioned shortcoming existing in prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of iron-bath molten reduction stove prereduction method, in the prereduction degree further strengthening in whirlwind melting separator, further increase ability and the efficiency of molten bath reduction in end reducing furnace, and the life-span of improving whole reduction unit body of heater.
For achieving the above object, the present invention adopts following technical scheme:
This iron-bath molten reduction stove prereduction method, coal dust is mixed mutually with powdered iron ore or ferric oxide material, multilayer dose spray gun by whirlwind melting separator is blown in separator along the tangential direction of separator respectively, is blown into oxygen by multilayer oxygen lance along the tangential direction of separator simultaneously.
In the coal iron mixture that every layer of described material spray gun is blown into, the additional proportion of coal dust increases progressively by direction from down to up.
In described adjacent two layers material spray gun, the ratio of the ton ore deposit mixed coal weight of the coal iron mixture that upper materials spray gun and lower floor material spray gun are blown into is in 1:1.0～2.5.
The blowing oxygen quantity of every layer of described oxygen lance increases with coal amount, and adding oxygen surplus coefficient is 0～0.05.
In the coal iron mixture that every layer of described material spray gun is blown into, be also added with calcium oxide or at high temperature can form the flux taking calcium oxide as principal constituent.
The add-on of described calcium oxide is: make to enter calcium oxide in reduction in whole reduction reactor molten bath fusing mineral aggregate with the ratio of the total amount of iron protoxide and calcium oxide at 11～16wt%.
In technique scheme, iron-bath molten reduction stove prereduction method of the present invention, coal and iron ore are directly added in whirlwind melting separator, semicoke is formed in whirlwind melting separator, and mixed mutually with the mineral aggregate of fusing, form after the molten mixture of prereduction mineral aggregate and semicoke, enter whole reduction unit, both avoided semicoke to form in whole reduction molten bath, save semicoke spent heat in forming process in molten bath, make molten bath more easily remain on high temperature, semicoke is more abundant with mixing of slag, improve the reducing power in molten bath, meanwhile, the semicoke forming in whirlwind melting separator, can just be mixed preferably entering before molten bath with the mineral aggregate of prereduction fusing, thereby in whirlwind melting separator, just can bring into play the reductive action of semicoke to ferric oxide in fusing prereduction mineral aggregate, improve the prereduction degree in whirlwind melting separator.In addition, reduction reaction by mineral aggregate and coal and add the adjustment of flux to fusing mineral aggregate composition, can make semicoke and prereduction fusing mineral aggregate fit better, in the prereduction degree further strengthening in whirlwind melting separator, also ability and the efficiency of molten bath reduction in end reducing furnace have further been increased, the life-span of having improved whole reduction unit body of heater.And the optimization of oxygen add-on in whirlwind melting separator can make the more abundant of wherein semicoke formation, play better the effect of prereduction.
Embodiment
Iron-bath molten reduction stove prereduction method of the present invention is specific as follows:
Coal dust is mixed mutually with powdered iron ore or ferric oxide material, be blown in separator along the tangential direction of separator respectively by the multilayer dose spray gun of whirlwind melting separator, be blown into oxygen by multilayer oxygen lance along the tangential direction of separator simultaneously.In the coal iron mixture that every layer of material spray gun is blown into, the additional proportion of coal dust increases progressively by direction from down to up.In described adjacent two layers material spray gun, the ratio of the ton ore deposit mixed coal weight of the coal iron mixture that upper materials spray gun and lower floor material spray gun are blown into is in 1: 1.0～2.5 scopes.
When having determined the volatile matter (composition, content) of coal, and by coal total amount with directly add the coal amount in molten bath, determine after the coal amount adding in whirlwind melting separator, determine all required oxygen amounts of burning of coal amount volatile matter in whirlwind melting separator that add, afterwards, by all required oxygen amount distribution of burning of the contained volatile matter of coal amount in the solids lances on it, now, will add because of coal the volume increasing to be defined as zero for oxygen surplus coefficient the oxygen amount that is increased to every layer of oxygen rifle.The blowing oxygen quantity of every layer of described oxygen lance increases with coal amount, and volume is 0～0.05 for oxygen surplus coefficient.
And in the coal iron mixture that every layer of described material spray gun is blown into, be also added with calcium oxide or at high temperature can form the flux taking calcium oxide as principal constituent.The add-on of described calcium oxide is: make to enter calcium oxide in reduction in whole reduction reactor molten bath fusing mineral aggregate with the ratio of the total amount of iron protoxide and calcium oxide at 11～16wt%.
The present invention is carried out to concrete example explanation below:
Embodiment 1
Select the medium volatile matter fine coal of 32MJ/ kilogram to sneak in concentrate, add-on is 650 kilograms of ton iron, and colliery mixture all adds in whirlwind melting separator, and the ton ore deposit mixed coal ratio that adjacent layers increases elects 2 as.
Lime is sneaked in the mixture of colliery, and the lime adding amount of 95% calcium oxide content is 132 kilograms, ton ore deposit, and the iron-holder of concentrate is 61.35%.
Empirical tests, compares with the prior art under the condition of ore deposit with identical coal, and whole reduced iron productive rate of the present invention has improved 20%.
Embodiment 2
Similar to the above embodiments, difference is that lime adding amount is reduced to 80.2 kilograms by 132 kilograms, compares with the prior art under the condition of ore deposit with identical coal, and whole reduced iron productive rate has improved 15%.
Adopt prereduction method of the present invention, the potentiality that improve prereduction degree compared with prior art are 5～15wt%, and the potentiality that improve whole rate of reduction are 5～25wt%, and the potentiality that improve the overall reduction efficiency of reduction furnace are 10～40%.
Reason is as follows:
1) the burnt ore deposit premix in whirlwind melting separator, has improved carbon reduction reaction interface, and because iron protoxide concentration is high, has improved the prereduction degree of ferric oxide.
2) adjustment of Jiao Kuang reaction and slag ingredient, has reduced the interfacial tension of semicoke with fusing ore deposit, the better effects if that Jiao Kuang is mixed
3) Jiao's temperature that enters end reducing furnace significantly improves, and has eliminated in molten bath pyrolysis of coal and the physics temperature drop causing that heats up, and has significantly improved reduction rate and the efficiency of end reducing furnace.
4) in addition, enter the raising of fusing ore deposit prereduction degree in molten bath, make the mean value of ferrous content in the slag of whole reduction molten bath more easy to control below 5wt%, thus the life-span of having improved end reducing furnace generation stove labour.Infer by resistance to material erosive velocity, the life-span can extend 0.5～1 times.
Those of ordinary skill in the art will be appreciated that, above embodiment is only for the present invention is described, and be not used as limitation of the invention, as long as within the scope of connotation of the present invention, variation, modification to the above embodiment all will drop within the scope of claims of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. an iron-bath molten reduction stove prereduction method, is characterized in that:
Coal dust is mixed mutually with powdered iron ore or ferric oxide material, be blown in separator along the tangential direction of separator respectively by the multilayer dose spray gun of whirlwind melting separator, be blown into oxygen by multilayer oxygen lance along the tangential direction of separator simultaneously.
2. iron-bath molten reduction stove prereduction method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
In the coal iron mixture that every layer of described material spray gun is blown into, the additional proportion of coal dust increases progressively by direction from down to up.
3. iron-bath molten reduction stove prereduction method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
In described adjacent two layers material spray gun, the ratio of the ton ore deposit mixed coal weight of the coal iron mixture that upper materials spray gun and lower floor material spray gun are blown into is in 1:1.0～2.5.
4. iron-bath molten reduction stove prereduction method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
The blowing oxygen quantity of every layer of described oxygen lance increases with coal amount, and adding oxygen surplus coefficient is 0～0.05.
5. iron-bath molten reduction stove prereduction method as claimed in claim 1, is characterized in that:
In the coal iron mixture that every layer of described material spray gun is blown into, be also added with calcium oxide or at high temperature can form the flux taking calcium oxide as principal constituent.
6. iron-bath molten reduction stove prereduction method as claimed in claim 5, is characterized in that:
The add-on of described calcium oxide is: make to enter calcium oxide in reduction in whole reduction reactor molten bath fusing mineral aggregate with the ratio of the total amount of iron protoxide and calcium oxide at 11～16wt%.
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| CN201310008087.2A CN103924024B (en) | 2013-01-10 | 2013-01-10 | A kind of iron-bath molten reduction stove prereduction method |
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105296698A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2016-02-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing iron by smelting reduction through gas and semicoke |
Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3462263A (en) * | 1965-08-11 | 1969-08-19 | John H Walsh | Reduction of iron ore |
| CN1141345A (en) * | 1995-02-13 | 1997-01-29 | 霍戈文斯·斯塔尔公司 | Process and apparatus for producing molten pig iron |
| CN1144275A (en) * | 1995-03-29 | 1997-03-05 | 霍戈文斯·斯塔尔公司 | Apparatus for producing molten pig iron by direct reduction |
| CN1259172A (en) * | 1997-07-11 | 2000-07-05 | 霍戈文斯·斯塔尔公司 | Method for controlling a smelting reduction process |
-
2013
- 2013-01-10 CN CN201310008087.2A patent/CN103924024B/en active Active
Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| US3462263A (en) * | 1965-08-11 | 1969-08-19 | John H Walsh | Reduction of iron ore |
| CN1141345A (en) * | 1995-02-13 | 1997-01-29 | 霍戈文斯·斯塔尔公司 | Process and apparatus for producing molten pig iron |
| CN1144275A (en) * | 1995-03-29 | 1997-03-05 | 霍戈文斯·斯塔尔公司 | Apparatus for producing molten pig iron by direct reduction |
| CN1259172A (en) * | 1997-07-11 | 2000-07-05 | 霍戈文斯·斯塔尔公司 | Method for controlling a smelting reduction process |
Non-Patent Citations (1)
| Title |
|---|
| J.VAN LANGEN等: "旋流转炉式炼铁炉", 《武钢技术》, 31 December 1994 (1994-12-31), pages 19 - 23 * |
Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN105296698A (en) * | 2014-07-30 | 2016-02-03 | 宝山钢铁股份有限公司 | Method for manufacturing iron by smelting reduction through gas and semicoke |
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