CN103922782B - Porous thermal insulation material and preparation method - Google Patents
Porous thermal insulation material and preparation method Download PDFInfo
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- CN103922782B CN103922782B CN201410090665.6A CN201410090665A CN103922782B CN 103922782 B CN103922782 B CN 103922782B CN 201410090665 A CN201410090665 A CN 201410090665A CN 103922782 B CN103922782 B CN 103922782B
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Abstract
The invention provides a porous thermal insulation material and its preparation method. According to the preparation method, a dry garbage powder is prepared by steps of dehydrating components capable of being pierced and untearable hooks which are sorted from municipal solid waste, crushing and drying; with the addition of a binder, the dry garbage powder undergoes prepress moulding at low temperature to obtain a prepress moulded blank; and the prepress moulded blank is sintered at high temperature so as to obtain a porous thermal insulation material. The technological process is short; equipment is simple and easy to operate; and the product obtained has a wide application range, has high added value and has an effect of environmental protection.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to Material Field, specifically, relate to a kind of porous insulation material prepared by domestic waste and preparation method thereof.
Background technology
Along with the raising of the level of urbanization, domestic waste increases sharply, and garbage disposal ability wretched insufficiency, some cities face the predicament of " garbage-surrounded city ".By the end of the year 2010, National urban and the county town house refuse year amount of clearing 2.21 hundred million tons, level of harmless treatment rate of life waste only 63.5%, wherein city 77.9%, county town 27.4%.According to " planning of " 12 " national application of city life garbage harmless treatment Facilities Construction ", " 12 " period, newly-increased domestic garbage was harmlessly treated ability 580,000 ton per day of planning, wherein, city new capacity 39.8 ten thousand ton per day, county town new capacity 18.2 ten thousand ton per day.By 2015, the whole nation forms application of city life garbage ability to be harmless 87.1 ten thousand ton per day, basically forms the ability to be harmless scale matched with Output of Domestic Waste, wherein, the planned city disposal ability 65.3 ten thousand ton per day, county town disposal ability 21.8 ten thousand ton per day.Country encourages the construction of domestic garbage was harmlessly treated facility, resource, innoxious use as much as possible.
Urban garbage disposal should follow " three change " principle subtracting and hold minimizing, innoxious and resource.But, existing garbage incineration technology is not because implement sorting, many low heat value rubbishes from cooking and mix wherein without calorific value inorganic refuse, cause combustion instability, recovery energy inefficiency, the problems such as easy generation dioxin, heavy metal class atmosphere pollution, can not meet rubbish " three change " processing requirements completely; Existing garbage loading embeading and garbage compost be not owing to implementing sorting, subtracting of rubbish can not be realized and hold minimizing and recycling treatment, cause garbage loading embeading floor space large, the occupation of land time is long, cause garbage compost treating capacity large, composting production quality is unstable, is difficult to meet the problems such as market demands, is all difficult to meet China's domestic waste " three change " treatment principle requirement comprehensively.Therefore, based on refuse classification key technology garbage as resource comprehensive treatment technique and the developing direction that domestic waste " three change " processes will be become.And in the solid life refuse in city sorted out, being mainly glass, brick and tile, dregs, pottery etc., the utilization rate of these solid refuses is low, recycling mode difficulty.
Porous material a kind ofly forms the material of network structure by through or blind bore hole mutually.Because its exclusive design feature makes it have low-density, low heat conduction and high-specific surface area, so porous material is with a wide range of applications.In Egypt Pyramids of Giza many years ago, just employ wooden building materials, be just used as the bottle stopper of bottle at Roman period cork.Two to modern age, and people just start to attempt oneself and manufacture porous material, and the cellular material be wherein the most simply made up of prismatic hole similar in a large number, can be used as lightweight member.More commonly polymeric foamed material, it is of many uses, can be used for the little coffee cup to being seen everywhere, the large beam to aircraft cockpit.The development of modern technologies makes the materials such as metal, pottery, glass also can foam as polymer.These novel foam materials are just little by little used as the material of insulation, buffering, apparatus with shock absorbing, thus have played the combination property of the uniqueness that it is determined by loose structure.
Utilize solid life refuse in city to prepare environmental requirement that porous insulation material not only reaches, minimizing innoxious to urban solid garbage, recycling treatment, and improve the added value of such resource, there is good Social benefit and economic benefit.
It is Chinese patent literature CN103043984A(application number is 201210573845.0 that China has application number) patent of invention disclose a kind of energy-saving and heat-insulating material, it mixes as siliceous raw material with quick lime, cement etc. after building waste is pulverized, and steam pressure obtains energy-saving and heat-insulating material.Need in above-mentioned patent to carry out pulverization process to building waste, and need to add other materials a large amount of preparing in insulation material process, making to prepare energy-saving and heat-insulating material cost increases greatly.
Summary of the invention
In order to solve problems of the prior art, the object of this invention is to provide a kind of porous insulation material prepared by domestic waste and preparation method thereof.
In order to realize the object of the invention, first the present invention provides a kind of municipal refuse to prepare the method for porous insulation material, the not tearable hook sorted out in domestic waste, the component that can not puncture are made waste dry powder through dehydration, pulverizing, oven dry by it, by add binding agent at low temperatures pre-molding obtain pre-molding idiosome, recycling high temperature sintering method obtain a kind of porous insulation material.
Wherein, described not tearable hook, the main component of component that can not puncture are SiO
2and Al
2o
3.
Further, described not tearable hook, the component that can not puncture comprise glass, brick and tile, dregs, pottery etc.
As preferably, described through dewatering, pulverizing, dry waste dry powder granularity≤48 μm of making.
As preferably, described bonding agent is organic nontoxic bonding agent, and can volatilize under high temperature more than 500 DEG C.Described bonding agent comprises polyvinyl alcohol, sodium carboxymethylcellulose etc.
Further, under described low temperature, the pressure of pre-molding is 10MPa.
After pre-molding, the high temperature sintering of pre-molding idiosome is at 1200-1600 DEG C of sintering 4-6 hour, obtains porous insulation material after cooling down.
Present invention also offers the porous insulation material prepared according to preceding method.
Beneficial effect of the present invention is:
The present invention is directed to the defect of prior art, propose a kind of processing method of solid life refuse in city, this is a kind of process municipal refuse being converted into new available resources.The not tearable hook sorted out in domestic waste, the component that can not puncture are synthesized a kind of porous insulation material.The present invention has considered the feature of the chemical composition of the domestic waste sorted out, and processes it, must arrive aperture and be less than 1mm, the porous insulation material of the uniform low-density and high-strength of bubble distribution.Present invention process flow process is short, and equipment is simple, easy to operate, and the products application scope obtained is wide, and added value is high, and has protective effect to environment.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the Technology Roadmap of the inventive method.
Fig. 2 is the XRD result of the porous insulation material that the embodiment of the present invention 1 obtains.
Detailed description of the invention
Following examples for illustration of the present invention, but are not used for limiting the scope of the invention.
Embodiment 1
The not tearable hook sorted out by domestic waste, the component that can not puncture (being mainly glass, brick and tile, dregs, pottery etc.) 100 parts are as base stock.These components make waste dry powder through dehydration, pulverizing, oven dry, by 200 mesh sieves, dry powder ensures that its granularity is less than or equal to 48 μm.100 parts of waste dry powders are mixed with 10 part of 4% poly-vinyl alcohol solution, puts into mould, pre-molding under 10MPa pressure, after the demoulding, put into the dry 12h of drying box.Idiosome after pre-molding sinters 4h at putting into high temperature furnace 1200 DEG C.Porous insulation material is obtained after cooling down.
Described how empty insulation material is shown in Fig. 2 through XRD testing result.The sample composition that Fig. 2 shows synthesis is mainly low temperature cristobalite and mullite.Exist containing a small amount of silicon nitride and alundum (Al2O3).
Embodiment 2
The not tearable hook sorted out by domestic waste, the component that can not puncture (being mainly glass, brick and tile, dregs, pottery etc.) 100 parts are as base stock.These components make waste dry powder through dehydration, pulverizing, oven dry, by 200 mesh sieves, dry powder ensures that its granularity is less than or equal to 48 μm.100 parts of waste dry powders are mixed with 10 part of 4% poly-vinyl alcohol solution, puts into mould, pre-molding under 10MPa pressure, after the demoulding, put into the dry 12h of drying box.Idiosome after pre-molding sinters 4h at putting into high temperature furnace 1400 DEG C.Porous insulation material is obtained after cooling down.
Embodiment 3
The not tearable hook sorted out by domestic waste, the component that can not puncture (being mainly glass, brick and tile, dregs, pottery etc.) 100 parts are as base stock.These components make waste dry powder through dehydration, pulverizing, oven dry, by 200 mesh sieves, dry powder ensures that its granularity is less than or equal to 48 μm.100 parts of waste dry powders are mixed with 10 part of 4% poly-vinyl alcohol solution, puts into mould, pre-molding under 10MPa pressure, after the demoulding, put into the dry 12h of drying box.Idiosome after pre-molding sinters 4h at putting into high temperature furnace 1600 DEG C.Porous insulation material is obtained after cooling down.
The test of the embodiment 4 porous insulation material porosity and XRF analysis
Carry out porosity test to the porous insulation material of embodiment 1-3 gained, result is as shown in table 1:
Table 1 how empty insulation material porosity test result
| Numbering | The porosity |
| Embodiment 1 | 43.2% |
| Embodiment 2 | 48.1% |
| Embodiment 3 | 64.6% |
XRF analysis result is as shown in table 2:
Table 2 porous insulation material XRF analysis result
| Composition | SiO 2 | Al 2O 3 | Fe 2O 3 | CaO | MgO | K 2O | Na 2O | TiO 2 | LOI |
| Embodiment 1 | 51.4 | 46.2 | 0.321 | 0.0539 | 0.0429 | 0.138 | 0.0731 | 1.42 | - |
| Embodiment 2 | 49.7 | 48.3 | 0.435 | 0.0888 | 0.0535 | 0.147 | 0.0811 | 1.03 | - |
| Embodiment 3 | 48.2 | 49.1 | 0.482 | 0.0742 | 0.0298 | 0.129 | 0.0482 | 1.27 | - |
Although above the present invention is described in detail with a general description of the specific embodiments, on basis of the present invention, can make some modifications or improvements it, this will be apparent to those skilled in the art.Therefore, these modifications or improvements without departing from theon the basis of the spirit of the present invention, all belong to the scope of protection of present invention.
Claims (2)
1. a municipal refuse prepares the method for porous insulation material, it is characterized in that, the not tearable hook sorted out in domestic waste, the component that can not puncture are made waste dry powder through dehydration, pulverizing, oven dry, by add binding agent at low temperatures pre-molding obtain pre-molding idiosome, recycling high temperature sintering method obtain a kind of porous insulation material;
Described waste dry powder granularity≤48 μm of making through dehydration, pulverizing, oven dry;
Described bonding agent is organic nontoxic bonding agent, and can volatilize under high temperature more than 500 DEG C; Described not tearable hook, the main component of component that can not puncture are SiO
2and Al
2o
3;
Described not tearable hook, the component that can not puncture comprise glass, brick and tile, dregs and pottery;
Described bonding agent is polyvinyl alcohol or sodium carboxymethylcellulose;
Wherein, the high temperature sintering of described pre-molding idiosome is at 1200-1600 DEG C of sintering 4-6 hour, obtains porous insulation material after cooling down.
2. method according to claim 1, is characterized in that, under described low temperature, the pressure of pre-molding is 10MPa.
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| CN105060925A (en) * | 2015-08-18 | 2015-11-18 | 苏州赛斯德工程设备有限公司 | Method for preparing kieselguhr porous thermal insulation material |
| CN114635070B (en) * | 2022-02-21 | 2022-08-30 | 杭州永磁集团有限公司 | Preparation method of high-toughness alnico magnetic steel |
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| CN101028628A (en) * | 2006-03-03 | 2007-09-05 | 尹小林 | Method for treating urban domestic refuse by cement kiln |
| CN102701711A (en) * | 2012-06-27 | 2012-10-03 | 刘梁 | Sintered brick and manufacturing method thereof |
| CN102807390B (en) * | 2012-08-26 | 2013-10-16 | 西安墙体材料研究设计院 | Porous sintering heat-insulating hollow block and manufacturing process thereof |
| CN103043984B (en) * | 2012-12-26 | 2014-05-07 | 青岛科瑞新型环保材料有限公司 | Energy-saving and heat-insulating material |
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