A kind of tilting-type prepares the method for carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of technical field of nano material, be specifically related to the method for macroscopical pipe continuum that a kind of efficient preparation is made up of carbon nanotube.
Background technology
As a kind of novel nano material, carbon nanotube is since being found, because the geometry of its uniqueness and electronic band structure bring excellent mechanical property, electric property, thermal property and electromagnetic performance etc., the performance of these excellences makes carbon nanotube there is great potential application advantage.Carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum is the new term proposed recently, this carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum has very important application potential, carbon nano-tube macroscopic structure can be prepared very easily, if film, thick film, block, macroscopic fiber etc. are compared with macroscopical existence form of variform by it.So research carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum will have very important promotion meaning to the application of carbon nanotube.
Find by prior art documents, the macroscopical pipe continuum be made up of carbon nanotube is also in the exploratory stage of research at present.The AlanH.Windle of univ cambridge uk etc. have delivered " Directspinningofcarbonnanotubefibersfromchemicalvapordep ositionsynthesis " (chemical Vapor deposition process is directly wound around carbon nano-tube fibre) and " High-performancecarobnnanotubefiber " (High Strength Carbon Nanotubes fiber) two literary composition in " Science " (science) the 304th phase in 2004 276 pages and the 318th phase in 2007 1892 pages, in these two sections of documents, first carbon nanotube aerogel is suggested and is utilized, the carbon nanotube aerogel generated in reaction tubes can be condensed into continuous print carbon nano-tube fibre by the winding mechanism in vertical response stove by them.But aerogel is not directly become continuous print macroscopic view pipe by them.The patent No. is to propose first in the Chinese invention patent " a kind of transparent macro pipe continuum of being made up of carbon nanotube and synthetic method thereof " of ZL201010230938.4 and prepared by the carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum horizontal reactor found.Because horizontal reactor is horizontal positioned, cause level to enter and react the product generated arriving the other end of equal height timely and blocking, cause to have during reaction that interruption, temperature of reaction are too high, reactive system is stressed limitations affect reaction tube diameter, to generate product rates slower etc.; And the vertical reactor vertically placed is due to being greatly vaporizing liquid and producing and upward pressure and cause the lightweight carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum of generation easily to fill in amass and cause reaction to be interrupted in the outlet of reaction tubes lower end in Reaktionsofen.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is, for described defect above, to provide a kind of tilting-type to prepare the method for carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum, effectively can improve carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum continuity degree in the preparation and preparation speed.
The object of the invention is to be achieved by the following technical programs.
Tilting-type prepares a method for carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum, in turn includes the following steps:
Step one, first by the body of heater horizontal positioned of high-temperature tubular Reaktionsofen, is then positioned over horizontal base;
Diameter is the burner hearth that the high-temperature reactor of 10-60mm is placed horizontally at high-temperature tubular Reaktionsofen by step 2; Before Reaktionsofen heats up, by the inlet end shimming by high-temperature tubular Reaktionsofen, lift the rear end of Reaktionsofen, make body of heater and horizontal base adjust to suitable angle, owing to limitting by body of heater heating material, this angle is at 0-45
0between;
Step 3, after the temperature of the tilting-type reaction unit after above-mentioned adjusting is increased to 1100-1650 DEG C, continuous print passes into argon gas at the inlet end of reactor, and argon flow amount is 5-50L/h, passes into reaction soln again after 10 minutes;
Step 4, the reaction soln generating carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum is made up of normal hexane, ferrocene, thiophene phenol; After argon gas passes into 10 minutes in the reactor, reaction soln passes in tilting-type high-temperature reactor with the speed of 0.5-5ml/min continuous print under the carrying of argon gas; After passing into the waiting time of reaction soln 0.5-1.5 minute, the central region of reaction tubes can generate a large amount of carbon nanotube aerogel in gaseous state, continue to pass into reaction soln, by taking away the high-temperature zone of reaction tubes, continuous print sprays in the exit of reaction tubes then a large amount of in tilting-type high-temperature reactor carbon nanotube aerogel, form solid-state carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum, generate the speed of this continuum between 5-100m/min, the diameter of continuum is less than tube inner diameter, between 5-55mm, continuum has high viscosity and low density; This continuum to be carried out after various simple process obtaining continuous print carbon nano-tube fibre, film and block etc.
Present invention employs tilting-type pyroreaction device, generation is at high temperature decomposed Formed nanotube by the fluent meterial of reaction after input reaction tubes, and carbon nanotube can keep aerogel state at a higher temperature.On the one hand, the reaction liquid owing to passing in reaction tubes generates a large amount of gas when decomposing and overpressure is raised; In addition the carrier gas of input in reaction tubes, the pressure in reaction tubes raises further; On the other hand, because reaction tubes is in the state of fascinating, make the reaction liquid of input and argon gas before entering reactive system, just have an acceleration, this makes again it just have than initial velocity larger during horizontal positioned after entering reactive system.When after reaction liquid reaction, the carbon nanotube aerogel of generation inherits the initial velocity of reaction liquid, and the inclination of reactive system makes it have a weight component in the direction parallel with reaction tubes, thus has had an acceleration.So it can be faster under these conditions, more continuous print moves to reaction tubes outlet.Due to reaction tube wall and extraneous heat exchange, make the temperature of reaction tubes inside always lower than reaction tube wall, so the carbon nanotube aerogel generated always is tending towards moving to Way out near the wall portion of reaction tubes, the temperature of exit end is significantly less than high-temperature zone, so namely carbon nanotube aerogel solidifies condensation moving to reaction tubes exit.Transfer to reaction tubes because reaction soln is continual, thus constantly can generate carbon nanotube aerogel and ceaselessly generate carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum to exit end motion.
The present invention has following beneficial effect: the present invention is owing to have employed tilting-type pyroreaction device, compare horizontal reacting device, not only give reaction soln and generate the larger initial velocity of carbon nanotube aerogel one, but also make them have acceleration in the movement direction, angle of inclination is larger, and acceleration is larger.Cause in reaction tubes the speed generating the outside movement of carbon nanotube aerogel greatly to increase, thus significantly reduce the carbon nanotube aerogel outwards mobile dependence to reaction tubes internal pressure.This makes again to generate the continuity degree of solid-state carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum and formation speed is higher, temperature of reaction is lower, input that the flow of argon gas is lower, the diameter of reaction tubes can increase.As compared the preparation method in patent [ZL201010230938.4], minimum preparation temperature can be reduced to 1100 DEG C, greatly reduces preparation temperature and energy consumption; Along with the increase of turning angle, preparation temperature can reduce accordingly, and limitting by the current technology of reacting furnace-e/or, the highest pitch angle is 45
0; The top speed generating carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum can double; The minimum flow rate of input argon gas can be reduced to 5L/h; The diameter of maximum reaction tubes can bring up to 60mm by 40mm.The direct result of above-mentioned parameter impact considerably increases preparation efficiency, but reduce cost to a great extent.Compared to vertical reaction device, the vaporization of reaction liquid can be avoided and produce to upward pressure and lightweight carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum is easily filled in amass to cause reaction to be interrupted in the outlet of reaction tubes lower end.In addition, the inventive method is simple for process, and the carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum obtained can direct continuous production at relatively low temperature.And the preparation speed of this macroscopical pipe continuum can be controlled easily by the flow of the speed that passes into of temperature of reaction, reaction soln and carrier gas.Because this macroscopic view pipe has higher viscosity continuously, therefore by it after simple subsequent disposal, continuous print carbon nano-tube fibre, film or block etc. can be obtained.And the density of gained macroscopic view pipe continuum is 0.1g/cm
3, the products such as the fiber using it to prepare, film and block also just have lighter quality, thus bring great convenience for its application.The present invention effectively improves carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum continuity degree in the preparation and preparation speed, and also expand temperature range time prepared by this continuum further by this method, further increase the reaction tube diameter of reactive system, substantially increase preparation efficiency.Raw material of the present invention is simple and easy to get, preparation temperature wide ranges, with low cost, environmentally safe; Adopt protection of inert gas, without obvious flammability hazard raw material; Product is easy to process, and yield is high, and equipment is simple, can realize continuous operation, be suitable for a large amount of production.
Embodiment
Below embodiments of the invention are elaborated: the present embodiment is implemented under premised on technical solution of the present invention, give detailed embodiment and process, but protection scope of the present invention is not limited to following embodiment.The experimental technique of unreceipted actual conditions in the following example, usually conveniently condition, or according to the condition that manufacturer advises.
embodiment 1.
Prepare high-temperature tubular Reaktionsofen, and make it can be positioned on pedestal in level, be that the high-temperature reactor of 10mm is placed horizontally in the burner hearth of Reaktionsofen again by diameter, before Reaktionsofen heats up, the inlet end of high-temperature tubular Reaktionsofen is lifted, makes high-temperature tubular reacting furnace-e/or and horizontal base adjust to 5
0; After the temperature of the tilting-type reaction unit after above-mentioned adjusting is increased to 1650 DEG C, continuous print passes into argon gas at the inlet end of reactor, argon flow amount is 50L/h, passes into the reaction soln be made up of normal hexane, ferrocene, thiophene phenol again after 10 minutes with the speed of 0.5ml/min continuous print under the carrying of argon gas; After passing into the reaction soln wait of 1.5 minutes, tilting-type pyroreaction pipe middle portion region can generate a large amount of carbon nanotube aerogel in gaseous state, continue to pass into reaction soln, by taking away the high-temperature zone of reaction tubes, continuous print sprays in the exit of reaction tubes then a large amount of in tilting-type pyroreaction pipe carbon nanotube aerogel, form solid-state carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum, generate the speed of this continuum at 100m/min, the diameter of continuum is 8mm, and continuum has high viscosity and low density.This continuum to be carried out after various simple process obtaining continuous print carbon nano-tube fibre, film and block etc.
embodiment 2.
Prepare high-temperature tubular Reaktionsofen, and make it can be positioned on pedestal in level, be that the high-temperature reactor of 20mm is placed horizontally in the burner hearth of Reaktionsofen again by diameter, before Reaktionsofen heats up, the inlet end of high-temperature tubular Reaktionsofen is lifted, makes high-temperature tubular reacting furnace-e/or and horizontal base adjust to 10
0; After the temperature of the tilting-type reaction unit after above-mentioned adjusting is increased to 1600 DEG C, continuous print passes into argon gas at the inlet end of reactor, argon flow amount is 30L/h, passes into the reaction soln be made up of normal hexane, ferrocene, thiophene phenol again after 10 minutes with the speed of 1ml/min continuous print under the carrying of argon gas; After passing into the reaction soln wait of 1 minute, tilting-type pyroreaction pipe middle portion region can generate a large amount of carbon nanotube aerogel in gaseous state, continue to pass into reaction soln, by taking away the high-temperature zone of reaction tubes, continuous print sprays in the exit of reaction tubes then a large amount of in tilting-type pyroreaction pipe carbon nanotube aerogel, form solid-state carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum, generate the speed of this continuum at 100m/min, the diameter of continuum is 16mm, and continuum has high viscosity and low density.This continuum to be carried out after various simple process obtaining continuous print carbon nano-tube fibre, film and block etc.
embodiment 3.
Prepare high-temperature tubular Reaktionsofen, and make it can be positioned on pedestal in level, be that the high-temperature reactor of 20mm is placed horizontally in the burner hearth of Reaktionsofen again by diameter, before Reaktionsofen heats up, the inlet end of high-temperature tubular Reaktionsofen is lifted, makes high-temperature tubular reacting furnace-e/or and horizontal base adjust to 15
0; After the temperature of the tilting-type reaction unit after above-mentioned adjusting is increased to 1500 DEG C, continuous print passes into argon gas at the inlet end of reactor, argon flow amount is 30L/h, passes into the reaction soln be made up of normal hexane, ferrocene, thiophene phenol again after 10 minutes with the speed of 1ml/min continuous print under the carrying of argon gas; After passing into the reaction soln wait of 0.5 minute, tilting-type pyroreaction pipe middle portion region can generate a large amount of carbon nanotube aerogel in gaseous state, continue to pass into reaction soln, by taking away the high-temperature zone of reaction tubes, continuous print sprays in the exit of reaction tubes then a large amount of in tilting-type pyroreaction pipe carbon nanotube aerogel, form solid-state carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum, generate the speed of this continuum at 80m/min, the diameter of continuum is 17mm, and continuum has high viscosity and low density.This continuum to be carried out after various simple process obtaining continuous print carbon nano-tube fibre, film and block etc.
embodiment 4.
Prepare high-temperature tubular Reaktionsofen, and make it can be positioned on pedestal in level, be that the high-temperature reactor of 30mm is placed horizontally in the burner hearth of Reaktionsofen again by diameter, before Reaktionsofen heats up, the inlet end of high-temperature tubular Reaktionsofen is lifted, makes high-temperature tubular reacting furnace-e/or and horizontal base adjust to 22
0; After the temperature of the tilting-type reaction unit after above-mentioned adjusting is increased to 1400 DEG C, continuous print passes into argon gas at the inlet end of reactor, argon flow amount is 20L/h, passes into the reaction soln be made up of normal hexane, ferrocene, thiophene phenol again after 10 minutes with the speed of 0.5ml/min continuous print under the carrying of argon gas; After passing into the reaction soln wait of 0.5 minute, tilting-type pyroreaction pipe middle portion region can generate a large amount of carbon nanotube aerogel in gaseous state, continue to pass into reaction soln, by taking away the high-temperature zone of reaction tubes, continuous print sprays in the exit of reaction tubes then a large amount of in tilting-type pyroreaction pipe carbon nanotube aerogel, form solid-state carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum, generate the speed of this continuum at 70m/min, the diameter of continuum is 25mm, and continuum has high viscosity and low density.This continuum to be carried out after various simple process obtaining continuous print carbon nano-tube fibre, film and block etc.
embodiment 5.
Prepare high-temperature tubular Reaktionsofen, and make it can be positioned on pedestal in level, be that the high-temperature reactor of 60mm is placed horizontally in the burner hearth of Reaktionsofen again by diameter, before Reaktionsofen heats up, the inlet end of high-temperature tubular Reaktionsofen is lifted, makes high-temperature tubular reacting furnace-e/or and horizontal base adjust to 25
0; After the temperature of the tilting-type reaction unit after above-mentioned adjusting is increased to 1300 DEG C, continuous print passes into argon gas at the inlet end of reactor, argon flow amount is 20L/h, passes into the reaction soln be made up of normal hexane, ferrocene, thiophene phenol again after 10 minutes with the speed of 2ml/min continuous print under the carrying of argon gas; After passing into the reaction soln wait of 1 minute, tilting-type pyroreaction pipe middle portion region can generate a large amount of carbon nanotube aerogel in gaseous state, continue to pass into reaction soln, by taking away the high-temperature zone of reaction tubes, continuous print sprays in the exit of reaction tubes then a large amount of in tilting-type pyroreaction pipe carbon nanotube aerogel, form solid-state carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum, generate the speed of this continuum between 60m/min, the diameter of continuum is 55mm, and continuum has high viscosity and low density.This continuum to be carried out after various simple process obtaining continuous print carbon nano-tube fibre, film and block etc.
embodiment 6.
Prepare high-temperature tubular Reaktionsofen, and make it can be positioned on pedestal in level, be that the high-temperature reactor of 40mm is placed horizontally in the burner hearth of Reaktionsofen again by diameter, before Reaktionsofen heats up, the inlet end of high-temperature tubular Reaktionsofen is lifted, makes high-temperature tubular reacting furnace-e/or and horizontal base adjust to 30
0; After the temperature of the tilting-type reaction unit after above-mentioned adjusting is increased to 1200 DEG C, continuous print passes into argon gas at the inlet end of reactor, argon flow amount is 5L/h, passes into the reaction soln be made up of normal hexane, ferrocene, thiophene phenol again after 10 minutes with the speed of 2ml/min continuous print under the carrying of argon gas; After passing into the reaction soln wait of 0.5 minute, tilting-type pyroreaction pipe middle portion region can generate a large amount of carbon nanotube aerogel in gaseous state, continue to pass into reaction soln, by taking away the high-temperature zone of reaction tubes, continuous print sprays in the exit of reaction tubes then a large amount of in tilting-type pyroreaction pipe carbon nanotube aerogel, form solid-state carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum, generate the speed of this continuum at 50m/min, the diameter of continuum is 35mm, and continuum has high viscosity and low density.This continuum to be carried out after various simple process obtaining continuous print carbon nano-tube fibre, film and block etc.
embodiment 7.
Prepare high-temperature tubular Reaktionsofen, and make it can be positioned on pedestal in level, be that the high-temperature reactor of 50mm is placed horizontally in the burner hearth of Reaktionsofen again by diameter, before Reaktionsofen heats up, the inlet end of high-temperature tubular Reaktionsofen is lifted, makes high-temperature tubular reacting furnace-e/or and horizontal base adjust to 45
0; After the temperature of the tilting-type reaction unit after above-mentioned adjusting is increased to 1100 DEG C, continuous print passes into argon gas at the inlet end of reactor, argon flow amount is 50L/h, passes into the reaction soln be made up of normal hexane, ferrocene, thiophene phenol again after 10 minutes with the speed of 5ml/min continuous print under the carrying of argon gas; After passing into the reaction soln wait of 0.5 minute, tilting-type pyroreaction pipe middle portion region can generate a large amount of carbon nanotube aerogel in gaseous state, continue to pass into reaction soln, by taking away the high-temperature zone of reaction tubes, continuous print sprays in the exit of reaction tubes then a large amount of in tilting-type pyroreaction pipe carbon nanotube aerogel, form solid-state carbon nano-tube macroscopic pipe continuum, generate the speed of this continuum between 60m/min, the diameter of continuum is 45mm, and continuum has high viscosity and low density.This continuum to be carried out after various simple process obtaining continuous print carbon nano-tube fibre, film and block etc.