CN1039192A - The dry method separation method of harmful substance and implement the device of this method in the flue gas - Google Patents

The dry method separation method of harmful substance and implement the device of this method in the flue gas Download PDF

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Publication number
CN1039192A
CN1039192A CN89104709A CN89104709A CN1039192A CN 1039192 A CN1039192 A CN 1039192A CN 89104709 A CN89104709 A CN 89104709A CN 89104709 A CN89104709 A CN 89104709A CN 1039192 A CN1039192 A CN 1039192A
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China
Prior art keywords
flue gas
filter
solid
absorbent
oxide
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Pending
Application number
CN89104709A
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Chinese (zh)
Inventor
卡尔·雷尔斯
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ThyssenKrupp Technologies AG
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Thyssen Industrie AG
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Publication of CN1039192A publication Critical patent/CN1039192A/en
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8603—Removing sulfur compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
    • B01D53/68—Halogens or halogen compounds
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
    • B01D—SEPARATION
    • B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
    • B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
    • B01D53/74—General processes for purification of waste gases; Apparatus or devices specially adapted therefor
    • B01D53/86—Catalytic processes
    • B01D53/8659—Removing halogens or halogen compounds

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  • Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
  • Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
  • Biomedical Technology (AREA)
  • Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
  • General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
  • Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
  • Exhaust Gas Treatment By Means Of Catalyst (AREA)
  • Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
  • Catalysts (AREA)

Abstract

The present invention relates to a kind of from the flue gas of burning boiler, reburner, converter or similar device the method for dry separation of solid and gaseous material simultaneously, wherein add absorbent to flue gas stream, absorbent and harmful substance are reacted, and leach in a filter (11) with the solid that flue gas is brought into.The present invention also relates to a kind of device of implementation method.For fear of cooled flue gas significantly before dry method is separated, should add absorbent to flue gas stream being higher than under 250 ℃ the temperature, and under this temperature it leached in a ceramic fibre and/or perforated metal foil filter (11) with solid.The material that obtains when the cleaning filter can further be processed into gypsum, or partly sends technological process back to.

Description

The dry method separation method of harmful substance and implement the device of this method in the flue gas
The present invention relates to a kind of simultaneously from flue gas or by the method for dry separation of solid and gaseous material in the device that develops corresponding to harmful exhaust such as burning boiler, reburner, converter or the similar device, wherein add absorbent to flue gas stream, absorbent and harmful substance are reacted, and are leached by a filter with the solid that flue gas stream carries.The invention still further relates to a kind of device of implementing this method, a burning boiler, reburner, converter or similar devices are arranged, the flue gas or the exhaust steam passage of pass-out are thus arranged, and this passage has the device and at least one filter that are used to add absorbent.
A kind of simultaneously from flue gas the method for dry separation of solid and gaseous material known.Wherein add absorbent, for example lime or lime product to flue gas stream.The like sulphur of gasified harmful substance matter that this absorbent and flue gas carry, fluorine, chlorine etc. react.The product of bulk or dust-like is leached by a filter, and this filter has the filter element that is made of wool, plastics or fiberglass braided thing.But this filter element can only be used to be up to about 220 ℃ temperature.Therefore, flue gas flowed before entering filter, must be cooled to corresponding low temperature.
This need take the measure of expense costliness, especially when flue gas after being purified then must heat once again, because it will be used for for example driving a combustion gas turbine.
Task of the present invention is, from waste gas (process gas) dry method all harmful substances of separating gaseous material not only but also solid matter (dust) simultaneously the flue gas particularly.
This task can be finished by following measure: add absorbent to flue gas stream being higher than under 250 ℃ the temperature, and make it to be leached by a ceramic fibre or perforated metal foil filter with solid matter under this temperature.Separation can be carried out in 250 ℃ to 900 ℃ temperature range, and preferred 300 ℃ to 600 ℃, preferred under specific circumstances 450 ℃ to 500 ℃.Ceramic fibre or perforated metal foil filter cell can stand this temperature without a doubt.Therefore, can abandon hot flue gas is cooled to step below 220 ℃.Again flue gas is heated after also no longer needing dry method to separate.In addition, the reaction of absorbent and flue gas harmful substances that stream has also can finish quickly.
Other useful scheme of the inventive method is as described in the dependent claims 5 to 7.They can realize faster or harmful substance dry method separation more completely, and owing to the solid that filter is leached is sent technological process back to, have reduced the quantity of storage material, or be further used for being processed into gypsum.
A kind of device of implementing this method usually by a burning boiler or reburner or converter etc. with one thus the flue gas or the exhaust steam passage of pass-out constitute, this passage has the device and at least one filter that add absorbent.
Apparatus of the present invention are characterised in that this filter has ceramic fibre and/or perforated metal foil filter element.The stability of filter element, particularly resistance to compression stability, as steelmaking converter as the detonation result the stability that at first occurs, can be improved by reinforcement, reinforcement can be made by steel, aluminium, plastics or similar material.
If relate to the filter element of making by metal forming, the hole of 3 to 200 μ m should be arranged, preferred 10 to 100 μ m, the big I in hole is established by existing granular size.
If add gaseous ammonia NH in a known way to flue gas 3, and ceramic fibre or metal forming also have the active catalytic material coating in addition, and this ceramic fibre or metallic foils filter element also are specially adapted to separating nitrogen oxide NO X
This coating can be made of titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide or other similar substance.Then, nitrogen oxide NO XAmmonia NH 3With oxygen O 2Be reflected under the catalysis material effect and carry out with known manner.
The following describes embodiments of the invention shown in the accompanying drawing.Wherein:
Figure one expression a kind of from the flue gas of a steelmaking converter simultaneously dry method separate the device of gaseous state and solid harmful substance.
Fig. 2 be a kind of from the flue gas of a burning boiler simultaneously dry method separate the device of gaseous state and solid harmful substance.
Can see the steel-making or the converter 1 of non-ferrous metal by Fig. 1, by exhaust gases passes 2 of its pass-out.In steelmaking process, raw steel refining in converter 1 particularly makes original high-carbon content be reduced to a value that the quality of desired steel is suitable for.Exhaust gases passes is u shape, vertically up, leads back vertically downward again then before this.Two side by-paths at exhaust gases passes 2u have been installed common waste heat boiler 3 and 4, are cooled to about 500 ℃ in this flue-gas temperature.Waste heat boiler mainly is made of unshowned overflow pipe, and wherein water absorbs heat from hot flue gas, and is heated to steam condition usually, after this is used for recuperation of heat, for example is used for generating.Baffle plate 5 is positioned at flue 2 end of guide section vertically downward, and the coarse solids that flue gas carries is collected in here.
Coarse solids and the fine-grained solids that also has are sometimes drawn off from flue 2 by device for discharging 6, and are collected in the feed bin 7.These solids by in the feed bin 7 through the sclerosis, for example, send into converter 1 once more, because these are iron content solids by briquetting or after making ball (pressure apparatus 18).Even these solids contain harmful substance, also it can be sent to converter, because these harmful substances can react with process residue, thereby in fact become innocuous substance.
Flue gas adds absorbent at next step, for example particulate lime.Can use quick lime (CaO), white calcium hydroxide (Ca(OH) 2), also have lime stone (CaCO in case of necessity 3).The particle band is positioned at the scope that particle diameter is about 2 μ to 200 μ, and the granule content of granularity to 20 μ preferably surpasses 50%.
Absorbent is in the container 8, sends into flue gas stream through a metering device 9 and nozzle 10 or like.Not expression among Fig. 1 preferably also is provided with one in the zone of nozzle 10 and adds ammonia NH 3Device so that realize nitrogen oxide NO simultaneously XSeparation, but Fig. 2 shows such device (nozzle 26).
Flue 2 further passes to a filter 11, has the filter 12 of four parallel connections to belong to this device in the embodiment shown.Flue 2 and filter 11 so are set, make gas speed in the flue be about 16 to 20m/s and filter 12 in gas speed be about 0.5 to 8cm/s.
Each filter 12 all has ceramic fibre and/or perforated metal foil filter element 13.Nowadays, can buy high temperature resistant particle fiber ceramics filter to 1000 ℃ on the market.Its structure for example can be, in a pore rigid matrix that constitutes by silicon-carbide particle, includes and can not unclamp, but the mineral fibres bundle that links of pottery movably.Part in these filters is configured to alleged surface filter, and wherein the filter element porous matrix of macropore is made of carborundum, and it produces the pressure loss hardly, and as just the rigid support of surface film.This film is made by mineral fibres and silicon-carbide particle.It and supporter are bound up and can not unclamp, and only thick about 100-200 μ m.Such filter element cleans easily, and very high heat endurance is arranged.
Can be with the book paillon foil of for example making as metallic filter by chrome-nickel steel, by the size of institute's sedimentation grit, the aperture of its perforate is about 10-100 μ m.These perforates for example can create by means of laser emission.
Can use titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide or the like and composition thereof as removing the effective material of catalysis that harmful substance uses.The oxidation material of above-mentioned catalytic action can import flue with particulate form in 12 steps of filter.But be preferably and/or also available in case of necessity above-mentioned catalytic specie is filtering element 13 coatings.The for example available following method of the oxidation material that is coated with makes.At first use the levigate titanium oxide of sulphuric acid hydrolysis, it is concentrated.Then with other oxide (as vanadium oxide, tungsten oxide etc.) that plays catalytic action the titanium oxide that decomposes is processed into a kind of plaster pasty materials, method is to add ammoniacal liquor to stir oxidation mixture together.Can common mode, for example this plaster pasty materials is coated on the surface of metallic filter 13 with a spatula.After doing, this catalyst coat can anti-height to about 500 ℃ temperature.
Under the effect of these catalysis materials, the nitrogen oxide NO that flue gas contains XWith the gaseous ammonia NH that sprays into 3With the oxygen reaction, generate nitrogen and water.The absorbent that adds to flue gas stream is adding in the way of filter element 13 all in the harmful substance reaction that contains with flue gas, and the filter cake zone that forms on filter element is also in reaction.Possible aura burning does not take place in the described coating of filter element 13 and the filter cake of formation protection metal forming.
Through gate 14, discharging every now and then after filter 12 clears at the isolated solid of filter 12 regional dry method, and be sent to a feed bin 16 by a conveyer 15, discharge through another gate 17 again by feed bin 16, when gate 17 is opened, solid enters a material stock place, or is preferably in the pressure apparatus 18 and sends back to (through gate 37) in the converter 1 equally after solidifying.
The flue gas after being purified of leaving filter 11 arrives a reversing arrangement 20 through blower fan 19.Clean flue gas is sent to a gas gauge 22 through a gas cooler 21 therefrom, arrives each user (gas pipeline 35) through a gas distribution station 23 thus.Air inlet pipe 36 hints in case of necessity can also be mixed mutually with low-calorie gas such as blast furnace gas from the gas of gas gauge 22.No flue gas can be sent to chimney 24 and emptying is burnt by reversing arrangement 20, has wherein also removed the hydrocarbon that perhaps exists.
In device shown in Figure 2, same number is represented same parts.A burning boiler 25 is wherein arranged, band waste heat boiler 3(energy-saving appliance) flue 2 connect connection with it.Burning boiler is used for the power plant.Fuel such as coal or oil burn therein, produce steam by resulting heat energy, the steam turbine of steam drive generating usefulness.
Absorbent, particularly lime product enter through member 8,9,10, and ammonia sprays into flue gas stream through nozzle 26.Separating nitrogen oxide NO in filter 11 X, the solid that sulfur-containing smoke gas composition and flue gas stream carry.
NH 3To flue gas stream spray into filter 11 in dry method separate all and under 300 ℃ to 450 ℃ temperature, carry out.
The air-flow of dry cleaning is after this earlier by an air preheater 28, and the air of preheating (pipe 31) is sent to boiler 25 in common mode (not illustrating for the sake of simplicity) thus.Therefore the gas of emerging at chimney 24 emptying of can burning also removed the hydrocarbon that has.Solid (mainly being calcium sulfate) watery suspension in the agitator 32 that has oxygen supplier by filter 12 is discharged is oxidized to calcium sulfate, and dehydration also so changes into gypsum 34 in centrifuge 33.

Claims (13)

1, the method for dry separation of solid and gaseous material simultaneously device that develops from flue gas or corresponding harmful exhaust such as burning boiler, reburner, the converter etc., wherein add absorbent to flue gas stream, absorbent leaches in a filter (11) with harmful substance reaction and with solid that flue gas carries, it is characterized in that, add absorbent to flue gas stream being higher than under 250 ℃ the temperature, and leaching in a ceramic fibre and/or perforated metal foil filter (11) with solid under this temperature.
2, by the method for claim 1, it is characterized in that, be separated in 250 ℃ to 900 ℃ the temperature range and carry out.
3, by claim 1 or 2 method, it is characterized in that, be separated in 300 ℃ to 600 ℃ the temperature range and carry out.
4, by the method one of in the claim 1 to 3, it is characterized in that, be separated in 450 ℃ to 500 ℃ the temperature range and carry out.
5, by at least one method in the claim 1 to 4, it is characterized in that, before filter, gone into the oxide particle of catalytic action, like titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide etc. to the flue gas conductance.
6, by at least one method in the claim 1 to 5, it is characterized in that, send the solid that filter leaches back to produce flue gas or waste gas technology.
7, by at least one method in the claim 1 to 6, it is characterized in that the solid that obtains during by the cleaning filter makes an aqueous suspension, is blown into oxygen in it, makes gypsum after the dehydration.
8, one of implement in the claim 1 to 7 device of described method, a burning boiler (25) or reburner (1) or converter etc. are arranged, a flue gas or an exhaust steam passage (2) by its pass-out is arranged, passage has the device (10 that adds absorbent; 26) and at least one filter (12), it is characterized in that filter (12) has ceramic fibre and/or perforated metal foil filter element (13).
9, by the device of claim 8, it is characterized in that filter element (13) has reinforcement.
10, by the device of claim 9, it is characterized in that reinforcement is made by plastics and/or metal material.
11, by claim 8,9 or 10 device, it is characterized in that metal forming has the perforate of 3 to 200 μ m, be preferably 10 to 100 μ m.
12, by the device one of in the claim 8 to 11, it is characterized in that ceramic fibre or metal forming have the active catalytic material coating.
13, by the device of claim 12, it is characterized in that coating is made up of titanium oxide, vanadium oxide, chromium oxide, iron oxide etc.
CN89104709A 1988-06-01 1989-06-01 The dry method separation method of harmful substance and implement the device of this method in the flue gas Pending CN1039192A (en)

Applications Claiming Priority (2)

Application Number Priority Date Filing Date Title
DEP3818630.6 1988-06-01
DE3818630A DE3818630A1 (en) 1988-06-01 1988-06-01 METHOD FOR DRY SEPARATION OF POLLUTANTS FROM SMOKE GASES AND SYSTEM FOR IMPLEMENTING THE METHOD

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CN1039192A true CN1039192A (en) 1990-01-31

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CN89104709A Pending CN1039192A (en) 1988-06-01 1989-06-01 The dry method separation method of harmful substance and implement the device of this method in the flue gas

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EP (1) EP0373210A1 (en)
JP (1) JPH03502547A (en)
KR (1) KR900701373A (en)
CN (1) CN1039192A (en)
AU (1) AU3733389A (en)
BR (1) BR8906995A (en)
CS (1) CS331589A3 (en)
DD (1) DD289474A5 (en)
DE (1) DE3818630A1 (en)
ES (1) ES2012013A6 (en)
IN (1) IN168820B (en)
WO (1) WO1989011904A1 (en)
ZA (1) ZA894118B (en)

Cited By (2)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1067292C (en) * 1996-04-19 2001-06-20 东南大学 Easy-to-regenerate fume desulfurizing and denitrating agent and its prepn and regeneration process
CN106975353A (en) * 2017-05-12 2017-07-25 博罗新玉饰品有限公司 A kind of tail gas processing mechanism and processing method

Families Citing this family (6)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
DE19512030C2 (en) * 1995-03-31 1997-04-30 Heidelberger Zement Ag Process for the dry desulfurization of flue gases
DE19715244A1 (en) * 1997-04-12 1998-10-15 Abb Research Ltd Cleaning high temperature propellant for gas turbines
DE102006059327A1 (en) 2006-12-15 2008-06-26 Robert Bosch Gmbh Filter device for cleaning particle-containing combustion gases
DE102007004221A1 (en) 2007-01-27 2008-09-25 Robert Bosch Gmbh Apparatus and method for the thermal conversion of pellets or wood chips
WO2019195406A1 (en) 2018-04-04 2019-10-10 Unifrax | Llc Activated porous fibers and products including same
DE102019212314A1 (en) 2019-03-11 2020-09-17 Sms Group Gmbh Device and method for cooling and / or cleaning a process gas emerging from a converter

Family Cites Families (5)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
FR2199479A1 (en) * 1972-09-15 1974-04-12 Peabody Gci Absorbent/filter for gas or liquid - with powder absorber sandwiched between fibrous or open-cellular sheets, esp. used as continuous band
DE3135200A1 (en) * 1981-09-05 1983-03-17 L. & C. Steinmüller GmbH, 5270 Gummersbach METHOD FOR TREATING END PRODUCTS FROM THE FLUE GAS DESULFURATION
DE3516693A1 (en) * 1985-05-09 1986-11-13 Heinz Dipl.-Ing. 4390 Gladbeck Hölter Method for determining the fluidised-bed height in furnaces
DE3529272A1 (en) * 1985-08-16 1987-02-19 Bergwerksverband Gmbh METHOD FOR SEPARATING SOLID AND GASEOUS POLLUTANTS FROM HOT GASES
DE3531809A1 (en) * 1985-09-06 1987-03-26 Kraftwerk Union Ag CATALYST MATERIAL FOR REDUCING NITROGEN OXIDES

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
CN1067292C (en) * 1996-04-19 2001-06-20 东南大学 Easy-to-regenerate fume desulfurizing and denitrating agent and its prepn and regeneration process
CN106975353A (en) * 2017-05-12 2017-07-25 博罗新玉饰品有限公司 A kind of tail gas processing mechanism and processing method
CN106975353B (en) * 2017-05-12 2019-11-12 惠州新玉环保科技有限公司 A kind of tail gas processing mechanism and processing method

Also Published As

Publication number Publication date
CS331589A3 (en) 1992-08-12
IN168820B (en) 1991-06-15
ES2012013A6 (en) 1990-02-16
BR8906995A (en) 1990-12-18
JPH03502547A (en) 1991-06-13
AU3733389A (en) 1990-01-05
KR900701373A (en) 1990-12-01
ZA894118B (en) 1990-03-28
WO1989011904A1 (en) 1989-12-14
DE3818630A1 (en) 1989-12-14
DD289474A5 (en) 1991-05-02
EP0373210A1 (en) 1990-06-20

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