CN103916600A - Coding template multi-target super-resolution imaging system and method - Google Patents
Coding template multi-target super-resolution imaging system and method Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention relates to a coding template multi-target super-resolution imaging system and method. The system comprises a telescope unit, an imaging lens unit, a light beam expanding collimation unit, a digital micro-array reflector unit, a converging lens unit, photoelectric detector units, a compaction algorithm module and a decoding and sparse linear algorithm module. Incident light of the telescopic unit passes through the imaging lens unit and the light beam expanding collimation unit, then the light is subjected to beam splitting through a first digital micro-array reflector, image coding is carried out through a second digital micro-array reflector, light field random space modulation is carried out through a third digital micro-array reflector, imaging is carried out through an imaging lens, convergence is carried out through the converging lens unit, the light enters the multiple photoelectric detectors, corresponding coding images are reestablished through the compaction algorithm module, low-resolution images are obtained after coding image decoding, a sparse linear equation system of each pixel gray level value of all the low-resolution images is listed, and the least square solutions of the sparse linear equation systems are super-resolution images.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to super-resolution imaging field, particularly a kind of coding templet multiple target super-resolution imaging system and method based on compressed sensing.
Background technology
Last century the forties, M.J.E.Golay proposes " template modulation " modulation thought at first, based on this thought, Golay designs many slits template spectrometer, has been familiar with the effect of template modulation.Subsequently, the fence that Gerald (Girad) proposition is made using Fresnel zone plate, as the fence spectrometer of template, utilizes the orthogonality of Fresnel wave function to realize wavelength-modulated, has strengthened luminous flux; Silent de-(Mertz) proposes to realize light field modulation with turnstile method, utilizes Fourier transform to obtain radiation spectrum, has multichannel and high-throughout advantage simultaneously; Along with further developing of research, there is simple and easy template spectrometer, nineteen sixty-eight Ibbett, Decker and Harwit have studied the essential characteristic of Golay spectrometer, propose pilgrim-step progressive die plate and replace continuous rotation dish; Gottlieb has studied the cyclic code relevant to orthogonal binary digital code, propose cyclic code and can be folded into two-dimensional array, the people such as Sloane on this basis, propose Reed-Mullet code and be particularly useful for spectral measurement, due to Reed-Mullet code and hadamard matrix closely related, therefore, this novel template modulation technique is known as Hadamard conversion spectrum technology.
It is the novel spectral modulation technology growing up gradually latter stage in last century that Hadamard conversion spectrum is learned.This technology replaces the slit of traditional color dispersion-type spectrometer with Hadamard coding templet, realize the multispectral first high flux of multichannel and measure simultaneously.Along with the development of micro optical-mechanical electroporation, made Hadamard spectral technique become one of study hotspot in recent years, as the euclidean telescope of European Space Agency's plan transmitting just adopts this technology to realize the observation to space astronomy.Compared with conventional spectrometers, this technology tool has the following advantages: 1) luminous flux is high, adopts digital microarray speculum to substitute traditional thin narrow slit of spectrum; 2) spectral resolution is high, the restriction of the apparatus function that can not be subject to slit generation the same as Fourier spectrometer; 3) signal to noise ratio is high, and modulation and demodulation method effectively suppresses Beijing and interference signal, relatively improves useful spectral signal; 4) flexibility is high, has object to select the spectral information of special object according to object of observation, reduces the interference of background and other objects, and this technology also can, for imaging field, realize super-resolution imaging simultaneously.
Compressed sensing is to be proposed in 2004 by researchers such as E.J.Candes, J.Romberg, T.Tao and D.L.Donoho, as far back as last century, French mathematician Prony proposes sparse signal restoration methods, and this method is to estimate the non-zero magnitude of sparse trigonometric polynomial and corresponding frequency by separating eigenvalue problem; B.Logan proposes the sparse constraint method based on L1 Norm minimum the earliest.The compressive sensing theory developing is subsequently that L1 Norm minimum sparse constraint is combined with random matrix, obtain the optimum of sparse signal reconstruction performance, the compressibility of compressed sensing based on signal, realizes the perception of high dimensional signal by lower dimensional space, low resolution, the irrelevant observation of owing Nyquist sampled data.Be widely used in the ambits such as information theory, image processing, geoscience, optics/microwave imaging, pattern recognition, radio communication, atmospheric science, geoscience, physical astronomy.
Compressive sensing theory is that sampling and compression are carried out simultaneously, the priori of having utilized well natural sign to represent under certain sparse base, can realize the sub-sampling far below Nyquist/Shannon sampling limit, and can almost Perfect ground reconstruction signal information.It is applied is the most widely single pixel camera technology, it can use a point probe rather than planar array detector just can complete all detection missions, if this technology is applied on sparse aperture, will reduce detection dimension, avoid optical noise and the electrical noise brought by planar array detector, and employing Digital Micromirror Device DMD, this is a passive optical component, can not bring any noise to signal, detector aspect also no longer needs preamplifier, this external system can also be accomplished the high-speed sampling of 23kHz, this is that traditional planar array detector cannot be reached, the outer algorithm for reconstructing of robust in addition, will cause how potential application.
Summary of the invention
The object of the invention is to compressive sensing theory to be applied to Hadamard transform optics super-resolution imaging field, thereby a kind of coding templet multiple target super-resolution imaging system and method for compressed sensing are provided.
For achieving the above object, the invention provides a kind of coding templet multiple target super-resolution imaging system, described system comprises: telescope unit, imaging len unit, light beam-expanding collimation unit, digital microarray mirror unit, plus lens, photodetector, compression algorithm module, decoding and sparse linear algoritic module composition; Wherein,
Described telescope unit comprises concave mirror (1), convex reflecting mirror (2) and speculum (3) composition;
Imaging len unit comprises the first imaging len (4-1) and the second imaging len (4-2);
Numeral microarray mirror unit comprises the first digital microarray speculum (6-1), digital microarray speculum (6-2) and the 3rd digital microarray speculum (6-3);
After the first imaging len (4-1) imaging, through light beam-expanding collimation lens (5), multi-Target Image is mapped to the first digital microarray speculum (6-1) surface, by controlling the first digital microarray speculum (6-1), the bias light of non-target object is reflected to subsequent optical system, make background stray light reflex to light receiving device (7), control the first digital microarray speculum (6-1) multiple target object light field is reflexed to the second digital microarray speculum (6-2), through it, image is carried out after the coding of code aperture, incide the 3rd digital microarray speculum (6-3), coded image is carried out after random optical modulation, after the second imaging len (4-2) imaging, after converging by plus lens (8) again, incide photodetector (9), compressed algoritic module (10) reconstruct multiple target coded image, again through decoding and sparse linear algoritic module (11), to forming low resolution image after coded image decoding, each grey scale pixel value of the multiple low-resolution images that by this module, all detectors obtained is again listed sparse linear equation group, solve the super-resolution image that least square solution can obtain multiple target object.
Further, described telescope unit comprises concave mirror (1), convex reflecting mirror (2) and speculum (3) composition; Wherein telescope is specially Galilean telescope, Kepler telescope, Newtonian telescope or Cassegrain telescope; The structure of described telescope unit is reflective, refraction type or Zigzag type telescope; Described telescope unit is for to comprise ultraviolet, visible ray, infrared band telescope in spectral region.
Further, described the first imaging len (4-1) carries out imaging to telescope incident light, and described the second imaging len (4-2) is for to imaging after the light modulation of coded image stochastic space; Described the first digital microarray speculum (6-1), for the bias light of the non-target of multi-Target Image and stray light are reflexed to light receiving device (7), reflexes to effective multi-Target Image on the second digital microarray speculum (6-2).
Further, described the second digital microarray speculum (6-2) is for carrying out Hadamard coding by multi-Target Image.Or quick Hadamard transformation algorithm is encoded to image; Wherein Hadamard coding adopts H matrix or s-matrix, and described s-matrix is N rank circulation s-matrix, the circulation s-matrix based on m sequence structure; ; Wherein the exponent number of N rank circulation s-matrix is 7,11,15,19,23,27 numerical value, and exponent number more high-resolution is higher; Described digital microarray mirror unit also comprises LCD space light modulator.
Further, described the 3rd digital microarray speculum (6-3), for multiple target coded image is carried out after stochastic space light modulation, to the coded image imaging after Stochastic Modulation, is then input to plus lens (8) by the second imaging len (4-2); Described plus lens unit is converged to the image after random the 3rd digital microarray mirror lens (6-3) light modulation a bit by plus lens (8), then incide corresponding photodetector (9), realize high flux imaging by plus lens (8), be applied to the low light level, superweak light and single photon image.
Further, described photodetection unit receives the light signal after corresponding plus lens (8) converges by photodetector group (9), then be input to corresponding compression algorithm module (10), wherein said photodetector group comprises M point probe, each point probe adopts ultraviolet, visible ray, near-infrared, infrared photodiode array or single-photon detector, surveys with optical spectral region or ultra-high sensitive; Wherein single-photon detector is ultraviolet, visible ray, near-infrared, infrared avalanche diode, solid-state photomultiplier or superconducting single-photon detector.
Further, described compression algorithm module (10) adopts following any one algorithm to realize compressed sensing: greedy algorithm for reconstructing, coupling track algorithm MP, orthogonal coupling track algorithm OMP, base track algorithm BP, LASSO, LARS, GPSR, Bayesian Estimation algorithm, magic, IST, TV, StOMP, CoSaMP, LBI, SP, l1_ls, smp algorithm, SpaRSA algorithm, TwIST algorithm, l
0algorithm for reconstructing, l
1algorithm for reconstructing, l
2algorithm for reconstructing etc., sparse base can adopt dct basis, wavelet basis, Fourier transform base, gradient base or gabor transform-based; By using above-mentioned compression algorithm Restructuring Module to go out M corresponding to a photodetector group coded image.
Further, described decoding and sparse linear algoritic module (11) form low-resolution image after N coded image decoded, then list system of linear equations by each grey scale pixel value of relevant range in M image, form sparse linear equation group, solve least square solution and can obtain the super-resolution image of multiple target object.
Further, between described the 3rd digital microarray speculum (6-3) and M photodetector group (9), synchronize, the every upset of micro mirror array in described the 3rd digital microarray speculum (6-3) once, each separate detectors in photodetector group (9) adds up to survey all light intensity of arrival in interval in this flip-flop transition, realize photoelectric signal collection conversion, then deliver to corresponding compression algorithm module (10).
The present invention also provides a kind of coding templet multiple target super-resolution imaging method, and described method comprises:
The imaging modulation of step 1), compressed sensing, the imaging signal of incident by serial optical transform after, be transferred to the 3rd digital microarray speculum (6-3) upper, described the 3rd digital microarray speculum (6-3) carries out intensity modulation by loading random matrix A to its reverberation;
Step 2), compression sampling, described photodetector group (9) is sampling simultaneously within the time interval of the each upset of the 3rd digital microarray speculum (6-3) of correspondence, and using the numerical value after photodetector conversion as final measured value y;
Step 3), signal reconstruction, described two-value random measurement matrix A measured value y with together with as the input of compression algorithm module (10), choosing suitable sparse base can be represented by minimum coefficient imaging x, carry out signal reconstruction by compressed sensing algorithm, finally realize the coded image of multiple target object.
The invention has the advantages that:
The present invention combines compressive sensing theory with Hadamard transition coding aperture or template, the sparse Hadamard conversion of creationary proposition super-resolution imaging method, there is the feature of multichannel, high flux, high s/n ratio, fast and flexible, being suitable for conventional light intensity, the low light level, faint light, the ultra micro low light level and single photon spectrometer imaging mode, is the super-resolution rate image-forming mechanism that a kind of dynamic range is large.By the selection to observed object object, reduce the interference to imaging spectral of non-object of observation and bias light, and then effectively improve super-resolution imaging signal to noise ratio, by adopting digital microarray speculum technology to realize the coding to hadamard conversion template, realize the imaging of multichannel fast coding.Therefore be a kind of novel conversion super-resolution imaging technology.By feat of these significant advantages, the coding templet multiple target super-resolution imaging system of compressed sensing will substitute the effect of original imaging device, will become carry out an important development direction in conversion super-resolution optical imaging field, this technology also can be widely used in space astronomical observation, ground astronomical observation, the high and new technology field such as real-time multi-target super-resolution imaging over the ground simultaneously.
Accompanying drawing explanation
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of coding templet multiple target super-resolution imaging system of the present invention;
1, the concave mirror of telescope unit
2, the convex reflecting mirror of telescope unit
3, speculum
The first imaging len of 4-1, imaging len unit
The second imaging len of 4-2, imaging len unit
5, light beam-expanding collimation lens
The first digital microarray speculum of 6-1, digital microarray mirror unit
The second digital microarray speculum of 6-2, digital microarray mirror unit
The 3rd digital microarray speculum of 6-3, digital microarray mirror unit
7, light reflexes to light receiving device
8, plus lens
9, photodetector
10, compression algorithm module
11, decoding and sparse linear algoritic module
Embodiment
Below by drawings and Examples, technical scheme of the present invention is described in further detail.
The present invention combines compressive sensing theory with Hadamard transform optics, the sparse Hadamard conversion spectrum of creationary proposition is learned, there is the feature of multichannel, high flux, high s/n ratio, fast and flexible, being suitable for conventional light intensity, the low light level, faint light, the ultra micro low light level and single photon spectrometer imaging mode, is a kind of super-resolution rate optical imagery mechanism of great dynamic range.
Hyperspectral imager based on sparse aperture compression compute associations of the present invention has adopted compressed sensing (Compressive Sensing, be called for short CS) principle, can be in the mode of stochastical sampling, ideally recover primary signal by data sampling number (far below the limit of Nyquist/Shannon's sampling theorem) still less.First utilize priori, choose suitable sparse base Ψ, it is the most sparse making point spread function x obtain x ' after Ψ conversion; Under the condition of known measurements vector y, measurement matrix A and sparse base Ψ, set up Mathematical Modeling y=A Ψ x'+e, carry out protruding optimization by compressed sensing algorithm, obtain after x ', then by
be finally inversed by x.
Be more than the explanation to compressive sensing theory algorithm, specifically describe imaging spectrum system of the present invention below with reference to compressed sensing principle.
Fig. 1 is the structural representation of coding templet multiple target super-resolution imaging system of the present invention, and system comprises: telescope unit, imaging len unit, light beam-expanding collimation unit, digital microarray mirror unit, plus lens unit, photodetector unit, compression algorithm module, decoding and sparse linear algoritic module.
Telescope unit is made up of concave mirror 1, convex reflecting mirror 2 and speculum 3; Imaging len unit comprises the first imaging len 4-1 and the second imaging len 4-2; Numeral microarray mirror unit comprises the first digital microarray speculum 6-1, digital microarray speculum 6-2 and the 3rd digital microarray speculum 6-3.
After the first imaging len 4-1 imaging, through light beam-expanding collimation lens 5, multi-Target Image is mapped to the first digital microarray speculum 6-1 surface, by controlling the first digital microarray speculum 6-1, the bias light of non-target object is reflected to subsequent optical system, make background stray light reflex to light receiving device 7, control the first digital microarray speculum 6-1 multiple target object light field is reflexed to the second digital microarray speculum 6-2, through it, image is carried out after the coding of code aperture, incide the 3rd digital microarray speculum 6-3, coded image is carried out after random optical modulation, after the second imaging len 4-2 imaging, after converging by plus lens 8 again, incide photodetector 9, compressed algoritic module 10 reconstruct multiple target coded images, again through decoding and sparse linear algoritic module 11, to forming low resolution image after coded image decoding, each grey scale pixel value of the multiple low-resolution images that by this module, all detectors obtained is again listed sparse linear equation group, solve the super-resolution image that least square solution can obtain multiple target object.
Concrete, telescope unit is made up of concave mirror 1, convex reflecting mirror 2 and speculum 3; Wherein telescope unit comprises Galilean telescope, Kepler telescope, Newtonian telescope, Cassegrain telescope etc.; Structurally can comprise reflective, refraction type, Zigzag type telescope etc.; Comprise ultraviolet, visible ray, infrared band telescope etc. in spectral region.
Concrete, described imaging len unit comprises the first imaging len 4-1 and the second imaging len 4-2, and wherein the first imaging len 4-1 realizes telescope incident light is carried out to imaging, and the second imaging len 4-2 realizes imaging after the light modulation of coded image stochastic space; Also comprise in addition half convex lens of ultraviolet, visible ray, the wave band such as infrared etc.
Concrete, the bias light of the non-target in multi-Target Image and stray light are reflexed to light receiving device 7 by the first digital microarray speculum 6-1 of described digital microarray mirror unit, and effective multi-Target Image is reflexed on the second digital microarray speculum 6-2.
Concrete, multi-Target Image is carried out Hadamard coding by the second digital microarray speculum 6-2 of described digital microarray mirror unit; Wherein Hadamard coding can adopt H matrix or s-matrix, and s-matrix is the forced coding matrix in practicality, generally adopts N rank circulation s-matrix, and the circulation s-matrix based on m sequence structure can adopt quick Hadamard transformation algorithm to encode to image in addition; Digital microarray mirror unit also comprises other optical space modulators such as LCD space light modulator in addition; Wherein the exponent number of N rank circulation s-matrix can be the numerical value such as 7,11,15,19,23,27, and exponent number more high-resolution is higher.
Concrete, the 3rd digital microarray speculum 6-3 of described digital microarray mirror unit carries out multiple target coded image after stochastic space light modulation, coded image imaging by the second imaging len 4-2 after to Stochastic Modulation, is then input to plus lens 8.
Concrete, described plus lens unit is converged to the image after the random light modulation of the 3rd digital microarray mirror lens 6-3 a bit by plus lens 8, then incide corresponding photodetector 9, realize high flux imaging by plus lens 8, can be applied to the low light level, superweak light and single photon image aspect.
Concrete, described photodetection unit receives the light signal after corresponding plus lens 8 converges by photodetector group 9, then be input to corresponding compression algorithm module 10, wherein said photodetector group comprises M point probe, each point probe can adopt ultraviolet, visible ray, near-infrared, infrared photodiode array or single-photon detector, surveys with optical spectral region or ultra-high sensitive; Wherein single-photon detector can be ultraviolet, visible ray, near-infrared, infrared avalanche diode, solid-state photomultiplier, superconducting single-photon detector etc.
Concrete, described compression algorithm module 10 adopts following any one algorithm to realize compressed sensing: greedy algorithm for reconstructing, coupling track algorithm MP, orthogonal coupling track algorithm OMP, base track algorithm BP, LASSO, LARS, GPSR, Bayesian Estimation algorithm, magic, IST, TV, StOMP, CoSaMP, LBI, SP, l1_ls, smp algorithm, SpaRSA algorithm, TwIST algorithm, l
0algorithm for reconstructing, l
1algorithm for reconstructing, l
2algorithm for reconstructing etc., sparse base can adopt dct basis, wavelet basis, Fourier transform base, gradient base, gabor transform-based etc.; By using above-mentioned compression algorithm Restructuring Module to go out M corresponding to a photodetector group coded image.
Concrete, described decoding and sparse linear algoritic module 11, after being decoded, N coded image form low-resolution image, then list system of linear equations by each grey scale pixel value of relevant range in M image, form sparse linear equation group, solve least square solution and can obtain the super-resolution image of multiple target object.
Concrete, between described the 3rd digital microarray speculum 6-3 and M photodetector group 9, need to synchronize, the every upset of micro mirror array in the 3rd digital microarray speculum 6-3 once, each separate detectors in photodetector group 9 adds up to survey all light intensity of arrival in interval in this flip-flop transition, realize photoelectric signal collection conversion, then deliver to corresponding compression algorithm module 10.
The present invention combines compressive sensing theory with Hadamard transition coding aperture or template, the sparse Hadamard conversion of creationary proposition super-resolution imaging method, there is the feature of multichannel, high flux, high s/n ratio, fast and flexible, being suitable for conventional light intensity, the low light level, faint light, the ultra micro low light level and single photon spectrometer imaging mode, is the super-resolution rate image-forming mechanism that a kind of dynamic range is large.By the selection to observed object object, reduce the interference to imaging spectral of non-object of observation and bias light, and then effectively improve super-resolution imaging signal to noise ratio, by adopting digital microarray speculum technology to realize the coding to hadamard conversion template, realize the imaging of multichannel fast coding.Therefore be a kind of novel conversion super-resolution imaging technology.By feat of these significant advantages, the coding templet multiple target super-resolution imaging system of compressed sensing will substitute the effect of original imaging device, will become carry out an important development direction in conversion super-resolution optical imaging field, this technology also can be widely used in space astronomical observation, ground astronomical observation, the high and new technology field such as real-time multi-target super-resolution imaging over the ground simultaneously.
The present invention also provides a kind of coding templet multiple target super-resolution imaging system and method, comprises the steps:
The step of the imaging modulation of step 1), compressed sensing;
The imaging signal of incident by serial optical transform after, be transferred to the 3rd digital microarray speculum 6-3 upper, the 3rd digital microarray speculum 6-3 carries out intensity modulation by loading random matrix A to its reverberation;
Step 2), the step of compression sampling;
Described photodetector group 9 is sampling simultaneously within the time interval of the each upset of corresponding digital microarray speculum 6-3, and using the numerical value after photodetector conversion as final measured value y;
The step of step 3), signal reconstruction;
Described two-value random measurement matrix A measured value y with together with as the input of compression algorithm module 10, choosing suitable sparse base can be represented by minimum coefficient imaging x, carry out signal reconstruction by compressed sensing algorithm, finally realize the coded image of multiple target object.
In technique scheme, it is characterized in that, the core of described compression algorithm is compressed sensing optimization algorithm, combines the imaging constraints of relevance imaging on target function, and the common-denominator target function of compressed sensing optimization algorithm is revised as:
The measurement matrix that wherein A is spatial light modulator, Ψ is the sparse base of n × n, general Ψ is orthogonal matrix, x '=Ψ
-1x, x is the column vector after original objects image array drawn, τ and ζ are constant coefficient, || ||
prepresent l
pnorm, <> represents to add and on average, a
ifor i in spatial light modulator, (p × q matrix loading when the inferior modulation of 1≤i≤m), modulates m time a ' altogether
ifor a
icolumn vector after drawn, A is actual is m
m × n matrix of composition, A
ty is m × 1 column vector.
Be more than the description of the general structure to the coding templet multi-target imaging spectroscopic system based on compressed sensing of the present invention, below the specific implementation of all parts be wherein further described.
Described digital microarray mirror unit can load on information on the optical data field of one dimension or bidimensional, it is the Primary Component in the contemporary optics fields such as real-time optical information processing, adaptive optics and photometry calculation, this class device can be under the control of time dependent electric drive signal or other signals, change photodistributed amplitude or intensity, phase place, polarization state and wavelength on space, or incoherent light is changed into coherent light.Its kind has a variety of, mainly contains Digital Micromirror Device (Digital Micro-mirror Device is called for short DMD), frosted glass, liquid crystal light valve etc., the intensity modulation being modulated to including Modulation and Amplitude Modulation used here.
The DMD adopting in the present embodiment includes the thousands of arrays that are arranged on the micro mirror on hinge (DMD of main flow is made up of 1024 × 768 array, maximum can be to 2048 × 1152), each eyeglass is of a size of 14 μ m × 14 μ m(or 16 μ m × 16 μ m) and light that can a pixel of break-make, these micro mirrors are all suspending, carry out electronic addressing by the memory cell under each eyeglass with binary system planed signal, just can allow each eyeglass (in the present embodiment, get+12 ° and-12 °) to 10-12 ° of left and right of both sides inclination with electrostatic means, this two states is designated as to 1 and 0, respectively corresponding " opening " and " pass ", in the time that eyeglass is not worked, they are in " berthing " state of 0 °.
Professional should further recognize, unit and the algorithm steps of each example of describing in conjunction with embodiment disclosed herein, can realize with electronic hardware, computer software or the combination of the two, for the interchangeability of hardware and software is clearly described, composition and the step of each example described according to function in the above description in general manner.These functions are carried out with hardware or software mode actually, depend on application-specific and the design constraint of technical scheme.Professional and technical personnel can realize described function with distinct methods to each specifically should being used for, but this realization should not thought and exceeds scope of the present invention.
The software module that the method for describing in conjunction with embodiment disclosed herein or the step of algorithm can use hardware, processor to carry out, or the combination of the two is implemented.Software module can be placed in the storage medium of any other form known in random asccess memory (RAM), internal memory, read-only memory (ROM), electrically programmable ROM, electrically erasable ROM, register, hard disk, moveable magnetic disc, CD-ROM or technical field.
Above-described embodiment; object of the present invention, technical scheme and beneficial effect are further described; institute is understood that; the foregoing is only the specific embodiment of the present invention; the protection range being not intended to limit the present invention; within the spirit and principles in the present invention all, any modification of making, be equal to replacement, improvement etc., within all should being included in protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. a coding templet multiple target super-resolution imaging system, it is characterized in that, described system comprises: telescope unit, imaging len unit, light beam-expanding collimation unit, digital microarray mirror unit, plus lens, photodetector, compression algorithm module, decoding and sparse linear algoritic module composition; Wherein,
Described telescope unit comprises concave mirror (1), convex reflecting mirror (2) and speculum (3);
Imaging len unit comprises the first imaging len (4-1) and the second imaging len (4-2);
Numeral microarray mirror unit comprises the first digital microarray speculum (6-1), digital microarray speculum (6-2) and the 3rd digital microarray speculum (6-3);
After the first imaging len (4-1) imaging, through light beam-expanding collimation lens (5), multi-Target Image is mapped to the first digital microarray speculum (6-1) surface, by controlling the first digital microarray speculum (6-1), the bias light of non-target object is reflected to subsequent optical system, make background stray light reflex to light receiving device (7), control the first digital microarray speculum (6-1) multiple target object light field is reflexed to the second digital microarray speculum (6-2), through it, image is carried out after the coding of code aperture, incide the 3rd digital microarray speculum (6-3), coded image is carried out after random optical modulation, after the second imaging len (4-2) imaging, after converging by plus lens (8) again, incide photodetector (9), compressed algoritic module (10) reconstruct multiple target coded image, again through decoding and sparse linear algoritic module (11), to forming low resolution image after coded image decoding, each grey scale pixel value of the multiple low-resolution images that by this module, all detectors obtained is again listed sparse linear equation group, solve the super-resolution image that least square solution can obtain multiple target object.
2. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described telescope unit is specially Galilean telescope, Kepler telescope, Newtonian telescope or Cassegrain telescope; The structure of described telescope unit is reflective, refraction type or Zigzag type telescope; Described telescope unit is for to comprise ultraviolet, visible ray, infrared band telescope in spectral region.
3. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described the first imaging len (4-1) carries out imaging to telescope incident light, and described the second imaging len (4-2) is for to imaging after the light modulation of coded image stochastic space; Described the first digital microarray speculum (6-1), for the bias light of the non-target of multi-Target Image and stray light are reflexed to light receiving device (7), reflexes to effective multi-Target Image on the second digital microarray speculum (6-2).
4. system according to claim 1, is characterized in that, described the second digital microarray speculum (6-2) is for carrying out Hadamard coding by multi-Target Image.Or quick Hadamard transformation algorithm is encoded to image; Wherein Hadamard coding adopts H matrix or s-matrix, and described s-matrix is N rank circulation s-matrix, the circulation s-matrix based on m sequence structure; ; Wherein the exponent number of N rank circulation s-matrix is 7,11,15,19,23,27 numerical value, and exponent number more high-resolution is higher; Described digital microarray mirror unit also comprises LCD space light modulator.
5. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described the 3rd digital microarray speculum (6-3) is for carrying out multiple target coded image after stochastic space light modulation, to the coded image imaging after Stochastic Modulation, be then input to plus lens (8) by the second imaging len (4-2); Described plus lens unit is converged to the image after random the 3rd digital microarray mirror lens (6-3) light modulation a bit by plus lens (8), then incide corresponding photodetector (9), realize high flux imaging by plus lens (8), be applied to the low light level, superweak light and single photon image.
6. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described photodetection unit receives the light signal after corresponding plus lens (8) converges by photodetector group (9), then be input to corresponding compression algorithm module (10), wherein said photodetector group comprises M point probe, each point probe adopts ultraviolet, visible ray, near-infrared, infrared photodiode array or single-photon detector, surveys with optical spectral region or ultra-high sensitive; Wherein single-photon detector is ultraviolet, visible ray, near-infrared, infrared avalanche diode, solid-state photomultiplier or superconducting single-photon detector.
7. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described compression algorithm module (10) adopts following any one algorithm to realize compressed sensing: greedy algorithm for reconstructing, coupling track algorithm MP, orthogonal coupling track algorithm OMP, base track algorithm BP, LASSO, LARS, GPSR, Bayesian Estimation algorithm, magic, IST, TV, StOMP, CoSaMP, LBI, SP, l1_ls, smp algorithm, SpaRSA algorithm, TwIST algorithm, l
0algorithm for reconstructing, l
1algorithm for reconstructing, l
2algorithm for reconstructing etc., sparse base can adopt dct basis, wavelet basis, Fourier transform base, gradient base or gabor transform-based; By using above-mentioned compression algorithm Restructuring Module to go out M corresponding to a photodetector group coded image.
8. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, described decoding and sparse linear algoritic module (11) form low-resolution image after N coded image decoded, then list system of linear equations by each grey scale pixel value of relevant range in M image, form sparse linear equation group, solve least square solution and can obtain the super-resolution image of multiple target object.
9. system according to claim 1, it is characterized in that, between described the 3rd digital microarray speculum (6-3) and M photodetector group (9), synchronize, the every upset of micro mirror array in described the 3rd digital microarray speculum (6-3) once, each separate detectors in photodetector group (9) adds up to survey all light intensity of arrival in interval in this flip-flop transition, realize photoelectric signal collection conversion, then deliver to corresponding compression algorithm module (10).
10. a coding templet multiple target super-resolution imaging method, is characterized in that, described method comprises:
The imaging modulation of step 1), compressed sensing, the imaging signal of incident by serial optical transform after, be transferred to the 3rd digital microarray speculum (6-3) upper, described the 3rd digital microarray speculum (6-3) carries out intensity modulation by loading random matrix A to its reverberation;
Step 2), compression sampling, described photodetector group (9) is sampling simultaneously within the time interval of the each upset of the 3rd digital microarray speculum (6-3) of correspondence, and using the numerical value after photodetector conversion as final measured value y;
Step 3), signal reconstruction, described two-value random measurement matrix A measured value y with together with as the input of compression algorithm module (10), choosing suitable sparse base can be represented by minimum coefficient imaging x, carry out signal reconstruction by compressed sensing algorithm, finally realize the coded image of multiple target object.
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