CN1039159A - Gated separable power adapter - Google Patents

Abstract

A kind of secondary power supply that is used for electric equipment, it comprises: rectification part, switch execution unit drive trigger unit, gating shutoff parts, smothing filtering and secondary voltage-stabilizing protection.This secondary power supply has overcome line voltage and frequency fluctuation to the pining down of output, and has overcome source internal resistance and rectifier cell step-down simultaneously.Thereby solved a voltage stabilizing of secondary power supply.And the accommodation of input voltage also is able to abundant expansion (0.7 times of output voltage to 380 volt or higher).Its output voltage wide region is adjustable (0-1.4 times of input voltage).The all effective quantum jump of its volume, weight, efficient, cost performance.

Description

Gated separable power adapter

2, the invention belongs to electronic engineering technology power technology category.

3, numerous secondary power supply example is the crystallization that people go deep into broad research, and with regard to the power frequency or high frequency (Switching Power Supply) pressure swing type supply convertor that are widely adopted, its practicality is yet anxious treats further improvement.Its reliability of the Switching Power Supply that maintains the leading position (particularly going up dynamically), versatility, factors such as cost volume are the major reasons that it can not extensively replace the power frequency formula.In view of prior art, open up not influenced by the line voltage frequency fluctuation highly reliable, wide region, universal flexible, economic small and exquisite secondary power supply is imperative.This this programme of base adopts the gating mode to finish the secondary voltage stabilizing with terse circuit.This power supply sexual valence volume has than quantum jump.The voltage ratio that has overcome the electromagnetic conversion pressure swing type transmits the output voltage shakiness that causes.Thereby improved performance, simplified the structure.For electric installation provides more satisfactory secondary power supply.The known degree of the technical indicator of existing secondary power supply and practicality is very wide, and this paper does not enumerate (detailed performance is seen an advantage and an extremely long-pending effect piece of writing).The power frequency formula is seen " semiconductor circuits " and " transistor circuit " two, and respectively by department of physics of Fudan University, department of electronic engineering, tsinghua university is compiled.High frequency type is seen " Switching Power Supply in the television set " Cai Qing, Gao Houqin compiling, and the People's Telecon Publishing House publishes.

4, replace the prior art in corresponding field with gating formula technical scheme, improve practicality:

Make self performance be difficult to satisfy actual needs because existing technical scheme contains the limitation of factor, be difficult to regulate disparities between supply and demand.Lack of proper care and even break down to self and service object are worked.Be embodied in performance index such as adaptability, reliability, stability, versatility and volume, weight, efficiency price ratio.Therefore seeking new scheme just might significantly improve practicality.

This programme has overcome line voltage and frequency fluctuation to the pining down of output by its design feature and working method, has overcome source internal resistance and rectification original paper internal resistance step-down simultaneously.Thereby the stability of output voltage is improved significantly, and input voltage accommodation also must be recognized abundant expansion (0.7 times of output voltage is to highest standard voltage 380V or higher).Its volume weight efficiency price ratio all has than quantum jump.Along with the development of components and parts, it will have better development future and economic benefit.Its final purpose is to provide a kind of more satisfactory and adapt to the secondary power supply of modernized demand for electronic equipment.

5, this programme is intended to partly to carry out smothing filtering with the sinusoidal wave corresponding output amplitude of semiconductor switch device gating and uses for load.It can need work in the setting strobe state with facility easily.Adopt two-way control isolated high-voltage amplitude part (most facilities work in low-pressure state) preferably.This scheme has been broken away from heavy inductance component, has finely revealed special good effect, has substantially improved Practical Performance.Also preferably resolve personal safety.It is applicable to buck supply convertor (being that output dc voltage is lower than the electrical network peak value).It can work in all-wave gating (turn-on frequency 200H according to the load needs _Z), half-wave gating (turn-on frequency 100HZ), or asymmetric gating (turn-on frequency 50-200H _Z).This programme drives trigger unit specifically by the switch execution unit, and gating turn-offs parts, and smothing filtering and voltage-stabilizing protection four parts are formed.Master element can be bipolar devices (transistor), VMOS power field effect device or have silicon controlled to mix configuration.Being aided with diode and capacitance resistance ware then constitutes.It belongs to a kind of no inductance type electronic circuit, can claim " OTL supply convertor ".Can certainly be connected to or insert inductance.But prove definitely inferior a little (volume weight heightens), its output form can be single group or multi-group power.Its output voltage can be fixing or adjustable.Can form the series of products of the different voltages of high or low power or form a complete production network.Its powerful superiority is more apparent outstanding, and it can satisfy the needs of various electronic equipments more widely.Finish some special compensations targetedly.Specifically apply to fields such as TV, sound equipment, instrument and meter, Industry Control, scientific experiment.Its typical circuit is seen accompanying drawing (1).Its course of work is seen description of drawings.

Fig. 1 course of work is as follows, alternating current behind bridge rectifier (half-wave gating can not rectification) pulsating direct current through R ₄By D ₅Give BG ₂One fixed bias current potential is provided.By BG ₂Produce triggering signal control BG ₃T ₁Conducting is to C ₂Charging, when when pulsating voltage UAD rises, making the BD point voltage reach 0.7 volt, BG ₁Conducting, UCD descends, BG ₂End BG ₃T ₁Turn-off when when UCD descends, making BD point current potential be lower than 0.7 volt BG ₁End, UCD resets.BG ₂BG ₃T ₁Conducting, C ₂Charging once more.Output voltage:

$\mathrm{UEF\; (V)=}\frac{R_1{\mathrm{+R}}_2{\mathrm{+R}}_3{\mathrm{+W}}_1}{R_3{\mathrm{+W}}_1}\mathrm{\times \; 0.7V}$

This circuit respectively has an angle of flow at rising edge, the trailing edge of pulsating wave.R ₂C ₁For balanced rise and fall are provided with along conducting angle (being amplitude).Also can change if set up the compensation that the full combined pressure of switch element is fallen.Generally this part can omit.W ₁Adjust output voltage.R ₃Output voltage amplitude limit resistance.

8, this programme can form series of products with regard to existing former device technical market, should be with high power acoustics facility in colour TV, the black-and-white TV for well based on the best way of economic benefit.Related circuit can direct substitution.Best mode also should be planned as a whole design.With regard to the existing Switching Power Supply that maintains the leading position, because complex structure, element is various, upward dynamically is difficult to expansion.Therefore failure rate is higher, and the cost volume causes low and middle-grade and the compact electric apparatus product is difficult to accept in addition.Therefore the staple market of secondary power supply is still captured by the Industrial Frequency Transformer formula.This programme can directly replace single power supply, and multi-group power power supply should be planned as a whole design, for colour TV under the prerequisite of finishing highly reliable, high efficiency, high-precision regulated power supply, the 60-85% that can reduce cost, but reduced volume 4-6 doubly.Single supply colour TV embodiment electricity principle is seen figure (2), continuous by typical circuit with secondary voltage stabilizing and protective circuit.Because of its duty ratio is more constant, admittedly needn't insert compensating circuit, its operation principle and key property are seen description of drawings.

Fig. 2 is single group power supply colour TV (design), and element value surplus is bigger, and its input voltage range is the 100-400 volt, and output voltage 100-130 lies prostrate adjustable, and ripple coefficient is less than 0.01%, current-limiting protection 0.7A.Efficient＞85%, same typical circuit of the gate unit course of work of this figure, the secondary voltage stabilizing is by BG ₄BG ₅And corresponding device is formed.The homophony homogeneous tube selects for use VMOS to manage its reliability and the precision of voltage regulation all has improvement.Because once selected voltage is stable, it is lighter to adjust the pipe burden, and mainly eliminating RC(R is that RL, C are C ₁) discharge ripple amplitude.(this standard out-of-the-way exerted oneself power network fluctuation value and source internal resistance step-down value).Unlikely when finishing safeguard protection when foundation is managed in choosing based on load short circuits from decreasing.This measure also is some special requirements (transshipping and inhibition as the short-term that high voltage arc causes) of service facility, D ₅, C ₂Adjust pipe V for eliminating _TnThe unnecessary loss that causes and establish R ₇BG ₆Finish Current limited Control, W ₁The adjustment primary voltage is selected.W ₂Adjust secondary voltage stabilizing value.Two potential differences are got the 5-10 volt and are got final product.This circuit also can insert secondary easily and subtract consumption protection and fault alarm.Owing to adopted reliable design so do not insert.

6, advantage of this programme and good effect are by self containing the factor decision.Those skilled in the art can get by the analysis to typical circuit, and below tabulation is than card.

Annotate:, just have than more comprehensive understanding when only having fully understood working mechanism or operating state about the isolation of this programme.Its fundamental characteristics is as follows: it exports over the ground that peak value equals output voltage, and its mean value or effective value are directly proportional with output ripple, with regard to the exemplary operation state and, its effective value is less than 5% of output voltage.This value refutes arbitrarily to personal safety and high resistant device that to meet its both sides be safe.But refuting mutually of low-resistance or electronic equipment scooped out follow the factor of containing or phase relation.

Claims (5)

1, a kind of secondary power supply " gated separable power adapter " that is used for electronic equipment or electric installation, it works in the setting strobe state, and it partly carries out smothing filtering with the sinusoidal wave corresponding output amplitude of switch element gating and uses for load.Its typical structure comprises: rectification part, switch execution unit, drive that the trigger unit gating turn-offs parts, smothing filtering and secondary voltage-stabilizing protection and corresponding various special requirement and the corresponding component set up.

2, gated separable power adapter according to claim 1, it is characterized in that: broken away from heavy inductance component and preferably resolved personal safety (promptly isolating), and finely revealed special good effect, formed have extensively adaptive constitute by semiconductor device and capacitance resistance ware be different from the more satisfactory OTL supply convertor of prior art.

3, gated separable power adapter according to claim 1 is characterized in that:

(3.1) the corresponding different needs of its rectifying part can be all-wave or halfwave rectifier, or only to triggering control section rectification, all not filtering of pulsating direct current of its rectification.

(3.2) its switch execution unit can be according to different needs by bipolar devices, VMOS power field effect device or have silicon controlled to mix configuration to adopt two-way or unidirectional control, form multiple configuration or output standard.

(3.3) it drives trigger unit and gets the pulsating direct current composition and form a standard voltage source, then through voltage or current control device form one continuously or pulse triggering signal with the driving switch execution unit.

(3.4) gating turn-offs parts and detects the supply voltage amplitude, sets gating scope (angle or amplitude), thereby is turn-offed by the working range of controlling and driving trigger unit and the gating of finishing the switch execution unit of whether working.It is adjustable that basic this just can reach the output voltage wide region.

(3.5) the corresponding gate unit of smothing filtering is carried out energy storage filtering, and its charge constant is better than prior art, it is characterized in that turn-on frequency increases (200HZ), and works in voltage changing rate zone faster.So far this programme has been finished the selected and stable of output voltage reliably.

(3.6) when the voltage stabilizing of needs high accuracy and some other special requirement, can continue with secondary voltage stabilizing and corresponding protection measure.And the special compensation and the protection that can economic insertion prior art (referring to power technology) are difficult to realize.And distinguish in existing stabilized voltage power supply with high efficiency.

(3.6.1) the described special compensation of claim 3.6 is meant that said structure itself finished the source internal resistance, and the drop compensation of rectifier cell internal resistance also can carry out the dynamic pressure drop compensation or the angle of flow dynamic compensation of switch element outward.

(3.6.2) the described protection of claim 3.6 is meant the current-limiting protection, the short-circuit protection that are provided with according to various needs, subtracts consumption or shutdown protection and fault alarm.

4, according to claim 1,2,3 determined programmes of work, its configuration form of conversion can form multiple structure standard, can form the multiple way of output (many grades or heteropolarity electric current and voltage source).

5, fully simplify line construction according to claim 1,2,3 determined programmes of work, reduced capacitor element in a large number, created good integrated condition.

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