CN103914096A - Hollow cathode holding electrode power auto-switching circuit - Google Patents
Hollow cathode holding electrode power auto-switching circuit Download PDFInfo
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- CN103914096A CN103914096A CN201410097477.6A CN201410097477A CN103914096A CN 103914096 A CN103914096 A CN 103914096A CN 201410097477 A CN201410097477 A CN 201410097477A CN 103914096 A CN103914096 A CN 103914096A
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Abstract
A hollow cathode holding electrode power auto-switching circuit comprises a voltage recognition circuit, a circuit power supply, a signal isolation transmitting circuit, a Schmitt trigger circuit, and an auxiliary power PWM controller enable control circuit. The voltage recognition circuit is connected to the output end of a main power supply. The signal isolation transmitting circuit and the Schmitt trigger circuit are connected between the circuit power supply and the ground. The voltage recognition circuit is connected with the Schmitt trigger circuit through the signal isolation transmitting circuit. The output end of the Schmitt trigger circuit is connected with the input end of the auxiliary power PWM controller enable control circuit. After the voltage recognition circuit detects that the voltage of the output end of the main power supply is larger than an auxiliary power start threshold, the signal isolation transmitting circuit is driven to operate and transmits isolated signals to the Schmitt trigger circuit, the Schmitt trigger circuit logically processes the signals and transmits the signals to th auxiliary power PWM controller enable control circuit so as to control startup of a PWM controller. The hollow cathode holding electrode power auto-switching circuit is capable of automatically controlling the auxiliary power supply to start or stop, and is simple and reliable.
Description
Technical field
The present invention relates to a kind of circuit, in particular, relate to a kind of hollow cathode for spacecraft electric propulsion system and touch the automatic switch-over circuit of holding utmost point power supply.
Background technology
Satellite, in electric thruster and plasma generating system that the spacecraft such as space station and deep space probe uses, the electronics that hollow cathode produces is the condition precedent that electric thruster or plasma generating system produce plasma, the electronics bombardment producing by hollow cathode makes propellant be ionized into electronics and ion by the propellant (high-purity xenon etc.) of hollow cathode, the propellant (high-purity xenon etc.) that this part electronics and ion further bombard in electric thruster arc chamber or plasma generator again produces more substantial electronics and ion, thereby reach the object that produces thrust or plasma.
Hollow cathode is mainly by electron emitter, emitter well heater with touch and hold the parts such as the utmost point and form, and holds utmost point power supply and is carried in the tactile of hollow cathode and holds between the utmost point and emitter and touch, and effect is directing plasma motion and the electric discharge that maintains emitter.Under normal circumstances, before hollow cathode emitter electron emission, touching to hold between the utmost point and emitter needs to impel emitter electric discharge by stronger electric field of higher voltage (150V or higher) generation, and hold between the utmost point and emitter and can be clamped to a less voltage (being generally 10V left and right) because of plasma discharge when emitter electron emission and by touching after propellant ionization, now hollow cathode touches to hold no longer needs high-voltage electric field between the utmost point and emitter, but need a constant current source, make tactile the holding between the utmost point and emitter of hollow cathode form a stable discharge current (electric current is in 100mA left and right conventionally) to maintain the reliable and stable electric discharge of hollow cathode emitter.
At present, both domestic and external touching held utmost point power supply and conventionally had two kinds of modes: a kind of mode is, hollow cathode touches holds utmost point power supply by a constant voltage out-put supply constant current output electric power generating composition in parallel that produces high pressure.Constant current output power supply is primary power, and constant voltage out-put supply is accessory power supply.Constant voltage out-put supply work before hollow cathode emitter electron emission, after hollow cathode emitter electron emission, the work of artificial manually control constant current output power supply electrifying, stops the work of constant voltage out-put supply.The advantage of this kind of mode is that the output current error of constant current output power supply is less, good stability, and shortcoming is the bad control of switching transition of constant voltage out-put supply and constant current output power supply, easily causes the failure of hollow cathode stable discharging; Mode two is, hollow cathode touches and holds utmost point power supply and be made up of a constant-current supply with higher unloaded output voltage, before hollow cathode emitter electron emission, power supply is with maximum no-load voltage work, and after hollow cathode emitter electron emission, power supply is with constant current output work.The shortcoming of this kind of mode is that the unloaded output voltage of power supply and band carry too large (the reaching more than 15 times) of ratio of output voltage, and this can cause the large and less stable of the current error of power supply constant current output.
Summary of the invention
The present invention is directed to the technical matters existing in above-mentioned prior art, provide a kind of hollow cathode to touch and hold utmost point power supply automatic switchover circuit, this circuit can automatically switch and touch constant voltage out-put supply and the constant current output power supply held in utmost point power supply.
For achieving the above object, the technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:
A kind of hollow cathode touches holds utmost point power supply automatic switchover circuit, comprise the voltage identification circuit that is connected to primary power output terminal, circuit power, be connected to the signal isolation transmit circuit between described circuit power and ground, be connected to the schmidt trigger circuit between described circuit power and ground, accessory power supply PWM controller enables control circuit, described voltage identification circuit is connected with described schmidt trigger circuit by signal isolation transmit circuit, the output terminal of described schmidt trigger circuit is connected with the input end that accessory power supply PWM controller enables control circuit, described voltage identification electric circuit inspection is greater than after auxiliary power start threshold value to primary power output end voltage, drive described signal isolation transmit circuit working, described signal isolation transmit circuit is sent the signal after isolation processing into described schmidt trigger circuit, described schmidt trigger circuit carries out sending into after logical process described accessory power supply PWM controller to described signal and enables control circuit and start in order to control accessory power supply PWM controller.
Hollow cathode provided by the present invention touches holds utmost point power supply automatic switchover circuit, by identification primary power output end voltage, and by after signal isolation transmit and logical conversion, drive described accessory power supply PWM controller to enable control circuit, thereby control the start and stop of accessory power supply PWM controller, and then control the start and stop of accessory power supply.Hollow cathode of the present invention touches holds utmost point power supply automatic switchover circuit, can be according to primary power output voltage and the switching time of the start and stop of control accessory power supply automatically, and circuit is simple and reliable.
Brief description of the drawings
The invention will be further described in conjunction with specific embodiments with reference to the accompanying drawings:
Fig. 1 is that hollow cathode of the present invention touches the circuit diagram of holding utmost point power supply automatic switchover circuit the first specific embodiment.
Fig. 2 is that hollow cathode of the present invention touches the circuit diagram of holding utmost point power supply automatic switchover circuit the second specific embodiment.
Specific embodiment
Technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail in conjunction with Figure of description by specific embodiment below.
Please refer to Fig. 1, hollow cathode disclosed in this invention touches holds the first specific embodiment of utmost point power supply automatic switchover circuit, comprise be connected to primary power output terminal voltage identification circuit 10, circuit power VCC, be connected to the signal isolation transmit circuit 20 between circuit power and ground, schmidt trigger circuit 30 and the accessory power supply PWM controller being connected between circuit power and ground enables control circuit 40.Voltage identification circuit 10 is connected with schmidt trigger circuit 30 by signal isolation transmit circuit 20.The output terminal of schmidt trigger circuit 30 is connected with the input end that accessory power supply PWM controller enables control circuit 40.Voltage identification circuit 10 detects that primary power output end voltage is greater than after auxiliary power start threshold value, drives signal isolation transmit circuit 20 to work.Signal isolation transmit circuit 20 is sent the signal after isolation processing into schmidt trigger circuit 30.Schmidt trigger circuit 30 carries out sending into after logical process accessory power supply PWM controller to signal and enables control circuit 40 and start in order to control accessory power supply PWM controller.
In first embodiment of the invention, voltage identification circuit 10 comprises voltage stabilizing diode D1, resistance R 1.Signal isolation transmit circuit 20 comprises optocoupler U1 and resistance R 2, resistance R 3.Si Mite trigger circuit 30 comprise three the first Schmidt trigger 1, the second Schmidt trigger 2, the 3rd Schmidt trigger 3 and resistance R 4, resistance R 5 with logical and NOT-function.Accessory power supply PWM controller enables control circuit 40 and comprises NPN type triode Q1, resistance R 6 and resistance R 7, capacitor C 1.
The negative electrode of voltage stabilizing diode D1 is connected to primary power output plus terminal, the anodic bonding of voltage stabilizing diode D1 is to the anode of optocoupler U1, the negative electrode of optocoupler U1 is connected to the negative terminal of primary power output by resistance R 1, the collector of optocoupler U1 is connected to circuit power VCC by resistance R 2, the emitter-base bandgap grading of optocoupler U1 is connected to first input end and second input end of the first Schmidt trigger 1, and by resistance R 3 ground connection, the output terminal of the first Schmidt trigger 1 is connected to first input end and second input end of the second Schmidt trigger 2 by resistance R 4, the output terminal of the second Schmidt trigger 2 is connected to the second input end of the 3rd Schmidt trigger 3, the first input end of the 3rd Schmidt trigger 3 is connected to circuit power VCC by resistance R 5, the output terminal of the 3rd Schmidt trigger 3 is connected to the base stage of NPN type triode Q1 by resistance R 6, the base stage of NPN type triode Q1 is by resistance R 7 ground connection, the emitter grounding of NPN type triode Q1, the collector of NPN type triode Q1 is connected to the enable pin SS of accessory power supply PWM controller, and by capacitor C 1 ground connection.
After circuit power VCC powers on, in the time that primary power output end voltage is greater than the breakdown reverse voltage (voltage stabilizing value) of voltage stabilizing diode D1 and the forward voltage drop sum of optocoupler U1, voltage stabilizing diode D1 reverse breakdown pressure-bearing, electric current flow through optocoupler U1 and resistance R 1, simultaneously, the circuit power VCC electric current resistance R 2 of flowing through, optocoupler U1 and resistance R 3, because resistance R 3 resistances are much larger than the resistance of resistance R 2, the emitter-base bandgap grading of optocoupler U1 is now logic high, this logic-high signal is through first input end and second input end of the first Schmidt trigger 1, this logic high becomes logic-low signal output after being delayed certain hour, this logic low is sent into first input end and second input end of the second Schmidt trigger 2 after resistance R 4, this logic low becomes logic-high signal output after being delayed certain hour, the second input end and circuit power that this logic-high signal is sent into the 3rd Schmidt trigger 3 become the output of logic low model after the high level signal of resistance R 5 is delayed certain hour, this logic-low signal is loaded into the base stage of NPN type triode Q1 after resistance R 6 and resistance R 7 dividing potential drops, because resistance R 7 resistances are much larger than resistance R 6 resistances, can be similar to and think that the voltage that is loaded into NPN type triode Q1 base stage equals the level voltage that the 3rd Schmidt trigger 3 is exported, NPN type triode Q1 cut-off, accessory power supply PWM controller is normally worked, accessory power supply work.Otherwise, in the time that primary power output end voltage is less than the breakdown reverse voltage (voltage stabilizing value) of voltage stabilizing diode D1 and the forward voltage drop sum of optocoupler U1, NPN type triode Q1 conducting, the enable pin SS voltage of accessory power supply PWM controller is dragged down, accessory power supply PWM controller quits work, and accessory power supply quits work.
Wherein, the number of the Schmidt trigger with logical and NOT-function is not can only three, can determine according to required logic control and signal delay time.
Wherein, the electronic switch that NPN type triode can have switching function by other replaces, and is not limited to present embodiment, such as positive-negative-positive triode.The base stage of positive-negative-positive triode is by resistance R 7 ground connection and be connected to the output terminal of the 3rd Schmidt trigger by resistance R 6.Ground connection after the collector of positive-negative-positive triode is connected with the second end of electric capacity.The emitter-base bandgap grading of positive-negative-positive triode is connected with the enable pin SS of accessory power supply PWM controller after being connected with the first end of electric capacity.Please refer to Fig. 2, hollow cathode of the present invention touches the second specific embodiment of holding utmost point power supply automatic switchover circuit, only be with the difference of the first specific embodiment: in signal isolation transmit circuit 20, deleted resistance R 2, the collector of optocoupler U1 is directly connected to circuit power VCC.Resistance R 4 and resistance R 5 in schmidt trigger circuit 30, are deleted, the output terminal of the first Schmidt trigger 1 is directly connected to first input end and second input end of the second Schmidt trigger 2, the output terminal of the second Schmidt trigger 2 is directly connected to first input end and second input end of the 3rd Schmidt trigger 3, accessory power supply PWM controller enables to have deleted resistance R 7 and capacitor C 1 in control circuit 40, and NPN type triode has been replaced by a positive-negative-positive triode.The base stage of positive-negative-positive triode Q1 is connected to the output terminal of the 3rd Schmidt trigger 3 by resistance R 6, the collector of positive-negative-positive triode Q1 is connected with ground, and the emitter-base bandgap grading of positive-negative-positive triode Q1 is connected with the enable pin SS of accessory power supply PWM controller.The second specific embodiment principle of work and the first specific embodiment are basic identical
Hollow cathode of the present invention touches holds utmost point power supply automatic switchover circuit, use the elements such as voltage stabilizing diode, optocoupler, triode, Schmidt trigger, resistance and electric capacity with logical and NOT-function to realize hollow cathode and touched the automatic switchover of holding utmost point power supply, circuit is simple and reliable, is easy to realize.
Claims (10)
1. a hollow cathode touches and holds utmost point power supply automatic switchover circuit, it is characterized in that, comprise: the voltage identification circuit that is connected to primary power output terminal, circuit power, be connected to signal isolation transmit circuit and schmidt trigger circuit between circuit power and ground, accessory power supply PWM controller enables control circuit, described voltage identification circuit is connected with described schmidt trigger circuit by signal isolation transmit circuit, the output terminal of described schmidt trigger circuit is connected with the input end that accessory power supply PWM controller enables control circuit, described voltage identification electric circuit inspection is greater than after auxiliary power start threshold value to primary power output end voltage, drive described signal isolation transmit circuit working, described signal isolation transmit circuit is sent the signal after isolation processing into described schmidt trigger circuit, described schmidt trigger circuit carries out sending into after logical process described accessory power supply PWM controller to described signal and enables control circuit and start in order to control accessory power supply PWM controller.
2. hollow cathode according to claim 1 touches and holds utmost point power supply automatic switchover circuit, it is characterized in that, described voltage identification circuit comprises voltage stabilizing diode, resistance R 1, the negative electrode of described voltage stabilizing diode is connected with the anode of described primary power output terminal, the first end of described resistance R 1 is connected with the negative of described power output end, and the second end of the anode of described voltage stabilizing diode and resistance R 1 is connected to signal isolation transmit circuit input end.
3. hollow cathode according to claim 2 touches and holds utmost point power supply automatic switchover circuit, it is characterized in that, described signal isolation transmit circuit comprises optocoupler, resistance R 2 and resistance R 3, the anodic bonding of described optocoupler is to the anode of described voltage stabilizing diode, the negative electrode of optocoupler is connected to the second end of described resistance R 1, the collector of optocoupler is connected to circuit power by resistance R 2, and the emitter-base bandgap grading of optocoupler connects the input end of described schmidt trigger circuit and passes through resistance R 3 ground connection.
4. hollow cathode according to claim 3 touches and holds utmost point power supply automatic switchover circuit, it is characterized in that, described schmidt trigger circuit comprises three or the Schmidt trigger with logic function above, to meet required logic control and signal delay time.
5. hollow cathode according to claim 4 touches and holds utmost point power supply automatic switchover circuit, it is characterized in that, described schmidt trigger circuit comprises the first Schmidt trigger, the second Schmidt trigger, the 3rd Schmidt trigger, the first input end of described the first Schmidt trigger and the second input end are connected to the emitter-base bandgap grading of described optocoupler, the output terminal of described the first Schmidt trigger is connected to first input end and second input end of described the second Schmidt trigger by resistance R 4, the output terminal of described the second Schmidt trigger is connected to the second input end of the 3rd Schmidt trigger, the first input end of described the 3rd Schmidt trigger is by resistance R 5 connecting circuit power supplys, the output terminal of described the 3rd Schmidt trigger connects described accessory power supply PWM controller and enables the input end of control circuit.
6. hollow cathode according to claim 5 touches and holds utmost point power supply automatic switchover circuit, it is characterized in that, described accessory power supply PWM controller enables control circuit and comprises resistance R 6, resistance R 7, NPN type triode, electric capacity, the base stage of described NPN type triode is by described resistance R 7 ground connection and be connected to the output terminal of described the 3rd Schmidt trigger by resistance R 6, ground connection after the emitter-base bandgap grading of described NPN type triode is connected with the second end of described electric capacity, the collector of described NPN type triode and the first end of described electric capacity are connected with the enable pin SS of described accessory power supply PWM controller after being connected.
7. hollow cathode according to claim 5 touches and holds utmost point power supply automatic switchover circuit, it is characterized in that, described accessory power supply PWM controller enables control circuit and comprises resistance R 6, resistance R 7, positive-negative-positive triode, electric capacity, the base stage of described positive-negative-positive triode is by described resistance R 7 ground connection and be connected to the output terminal of described the 3rd Schmidt trigger by resistance R 6, ground connection after the collector of described positive-negative-positive triode is connected with the second end of described electric capacity, the emitter-base bandgap grading of described positive-negative-positive triode is connected with the enable pin SS of described accessory power supply PWM controller after being connected with the first end of described electric capacity.
8. hollow cathode according to claim 3 touches and holds utmost point power supply automatic switchover circuit, it is characterized in that, described signal isolation transmit circuit comprises optocoupler, resistance R 3, the anodic bonding of described optocoupler is to the anode of described voltage stabilizing diode, the negative electrode of optocoupler is connected to the second end of described resistance R 1, the collector of optocoupler is connected to circuit power, and the emitter-base bandgap grading of optocoupler connects the input end of described schmidt trigger circuit and passes through resistance R 3 ground connection.
9. hollow cathode according to claim 7 touches and holds utmost point power supply automatic switchover circuit, it is characterized in that, described schmidt trigger circuit comprises the first Schmidt trigger, the second Schmidt trigger, the 3rd Schmidt trigger, the first input end of described the first Schmidt trigger and the second input end are connected to the emitter-base bandgap grading of described optocoupler, the output terminal of described the first Schmidt trigger is connected to first input end and second input end of described the second Schmidt trigger, the output terminal of described the second Schmidt trigger is connected to first input end and second input end of the 3rd Schmidt trigger, the output terminal of described the 3rd Schmidt trigger connects described accessory power supply PWM controller and enables the input end of control circuit.
10. hollow cathode according to claim 9 touches and holds utmost point power supply automatic switchover circuit, it is characterized in that, described accessory power supply PWM controller enables control circuit and comprises resistance R 6, positive-negative-positive triode, the base stage of described positive-negative-positive triode is connected to the output terminal of described the 3rd Schmidt trigger by resistance R 6, the grounded collector of described positive-negative-positive triode, the emitter-base bandgap grading of described positive-negative-positive triode is connected with the enable pin SS of described accessory power supply PWM controller.
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| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN201410097477.6A CN103914096B (en) | 2014-03-17 | 2014-03-17 | A kind of hollow cathode touches holds pole power supply automatic switchover circuit |
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| CN201410097477.6A CN103914096B (en) | 2014-03-17 | 2014-03-17 | A kind of hollow cathode touches holds pole power supply automatic switchover circuit |
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| CN103914096A true CN103914096A (en) | 2014-07-09 |
| CN103914096B CN103914096B (en) | 2015-12-30 |
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Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2281555Y (en) * | 1996-04-02 | 1998-05-13 | 上海华洋工贸公司 | Negative ion etching apparatus |
| US20100181980A1 (en) * | 2009-01-21 | 2010-07-22 | Analog Devices, Inc. | Switching power supply controller with selective feedback sampling and waveform approximation |
| CN103596348A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Low-frequency oscillation suppression outer loop of plasma Hall effect thruster |
-
2014
- 2014-03-17 CN CN201410097477.6A patent/CN103914096B/en active Active
Patent Citations (3)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| CN2281555Y (en) * | 1996-04-02 | 1998-05-13 | 上海华洋工贸公司 | Negative ion etching apparatus |
| US20100181980A1 (en) * | 2009-01-21 | 2010-07-22 | Analog Devices, Inc. | Switching power supply controller with selective feedback sampling and waveform approximation |
| CN103596348A (en) * | 2013-11-22 | 2014-02-19 | 哈尔滨工业大学 | Low-frequency oscillation suppression outer loop of plasma Hall effect thruster |
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| CN103914096B (en) | 2015-12-30 |
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